人教版九年級(jí)英語unit2知識(shí)要點(diǎn)

1、Unit2 I think that mooncakes are delicious一、語法要點(diǎn)：（一）賓語從句：賓語從句就是由一個(gè)句子來構(gòu)成主句的賓語Weknow（that） he likes English.主語謂語賓語1、賓語從句三要素：連接詞、語序、時(shí)態(tài)連接詞：1） that （即陳述句作賓語從句。that在從句中不充當(dāng)任何句子成分，只起連接主 句和從句的作用。that不用翻譯出來，在口語中常省略。）The girl said, “I can help him.fTKe girl said （that） she could help him.2） if/whether （whether

2、或if在句中不充當(dāng)任何句子成分，只起連接作用，但不能 省略。翻譯成“是否”。主句+ if / whether +由一般疑問句變成的陳述句形式。）Li Lei wonders . Is Jim in ? 一 Li Lei wonders if Jim is in.3） who, whose, what, how, which , how many , how much 等。（原有的特殊疑 問詞+句子剩余部分的陳述句形式）He asks me, “What does your father do He asks me what my father does.時(shí)態(tài)：當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句用該用的時(shí)

3、態(tài)（即從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受影響）當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，從句必須用過去的某一時(shí)態(tài)。I dont know when he will come back.我不知道他將何時(shí)回來。He tells me that his sister came back yesterda y 他告訴我他姐姐昨天回來了。The children didnt know who he was.孩子們不知道他是誰。He asked his father how it happened他問他父親這件事是如何發(fā)生的。如果賓語從句所表示的是客觀事實(shí)、普遍真理、自然現(xiàn)象或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作等，不管主句用什么時(shí)態(tài)，從句時(shí)態(tài)都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：The

4、 teacher said that the earth goes round the s unS師說地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。2、特別強(qiáng)調(diào)：if與whether的區(qū)別（一般情況下可以相互代替，下列情況不可替代）與or not連用只能用whetherI don t knowhether he will come or not.介詞后只能用whetherThat depends on whether he can come back.后與to do不定式連用只能用whetherHe wondered whether to stay here the next week.句首只能用whetherWhethe

5、r he will come is not decided.注意：賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移：如果主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是think, believe, guess等，而且主句的主語又是第一人稱時(shí)，它后面接的賓語從句的否定詞通常要前移到主句中，即否定主 句中的動(dòng)詞，而從句用肯定形式.（主語為第一人稱，否定在主句，翻譯在從句。）I don think it will rain.我認(rèn)為不會(huì)下雨。We don believe that he has gone 我們相信他還沒走。（二）感嘆句：1、感嘆句是表示驚訝、贊美、喜悅、憤怒等情感的句子，通常由 what或how引導(dǎo)。 常見結(jié)構(gòu)：1）What a/an+形容詞+

6、可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)（+主語+謂語）！What a clever boy he is他是多么聰明的一個(gè)男孩??！2）What+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)（+主語+謂語）！What good students you are你們是多么好的學(xué)生?。?）What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞（+主語+謂語）！What fine weather it is today!今天的天氣真好!4）How +形容詞或副詞（+主語+謂語）！How interesting the storyis!這個(gè)故事多么有趣啊！How fast the boy runs!那個(gè)男孩跑得真快啊！5）How +主語+謂語！（句子）How I miss m

7、y mother!我多么想念媽媽??！2、陳述句改為感嘆句常使用“一斷二加三換位”的方法：（1） “一斷”，即在謂語動(dòng)詞后邊斷開，把句子分成兩部分She isa beautiful girl. He works hard.（2） “二加，即如果第二部分的第一個(gè)詞為形容詞、副詞，就加上how；如果是名詞He works (how) hard.（詞組）,就加上what。She is (what) a beautiful girl.（3） “三換位”，即把第一部分與第二部分互換位置，同時(shí)把句號(hào)換為感嘆句What a beautiful girl she is! How hard he works!二、

8、課文知識(shí)要點(diǎn)：1、The Dragon Boat Festival in Hong Kong 香港龍舟節(jié)in用于較大的地點(diǎn)前，如大城市、國(guó)家、洲等。He lives in Beijing.他住在北京。 at/ in /on表地點(diǎn)的用法：1)at 一般指較小的地點(diǎn)或較具體的位置at home at school at the cinema at the door在門 口 ； at the bus stop 在公共汽車站2)in表示在較大的地點(diǎn)或一個(gè)有限空間里.in China in the classroom3)on指在某物體的表面上. on the desk注意：寫街道時(shí),若有門牌號(hào)用at，否

9、則用on / in都可.He lives at 270 DongChang an Street.2、He liked eating out他喜歡外出就餐like doing sth喜歡做某事(表示興趣愛好)常接動(dòng)名詞作賓語的動(dòng)詞或短語有：enjoy, finish, consider, miss, keep, mind, practice, suggest, be busy, feel like, give up, cant help 等。Have you finished reading the book?你讀完這本書了嗎？I feel like having a cup of tea.我想

10、喝杯茶。3、I vput on five pounds!我都胖了五磅了 ！put on增加(體重)；發(fā)胖；穿上 反義詞lose減肥He has lost en pounds so far到目前為止他減了 10 磅。wear/put on/dress “穿”用法比較：(1) wear =be in穿，指穿的狀態(tài)【延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞】He always wears a black coat with sunglasses.(2) put on穿，指穿的動(dòng)作【短暫性動(dòng)詞】It cold outside. Put on your coat.(3) dress v穿，后跟人做賓語。 dress sb.給某人穿衣

11、服dress oneself給某人自己穿衣服Put構(gòu)成的短語：put away把一收起來put on穿上 put up張貼， put out熄滅putinto 把放進(jìn) put down 放下 put off 推遲4、Guess what?意思“你知道嗎？”、“想不到吧？ “、“你猜怎么著？ ”。這個(gè)句子是要告訴人家某件 事之前常用的口語。說話者并無意真的教對(duì)方去猜，聽者也不會(huì)真的去傷腦筋。通常對(duì)于 該句型都是以what?回答。Guess whaB I got through the exam你猜怎么著？ 我考試過關(guān)了 .5、I mgoing to Chiang Mai in two weeks

12、.in two weeks 兩周之后in +一段時(shí)間，和將來時(shí)連用，表示“在某段時(shí)間之后”。He lbe back in two weeks他兩周之后回來。in+一段時(shí)間，和過去時(shí)連用，表示“在某段時(shí)間之內(nèi)”I finished my homework in two hours.我兩小時(shí)之內(nèi)做完了 作業(yè)。介詞at/ in /on表示時(shí)間的用法：1).at表示某一具體時(shí)間點(diǎn)，某一時(shí)刻/年齡at six o clocat noon at that time at the moment at the age of at night2)in表示時(shí)間段，一天的三個(gè)時(shí)間段以及月份，年，季節(jié)，世紀(jì)，人生的某

13、個(gè)時(shí)期(某人幾十 歲時(shí))in the morning/afternoon /evening in spring /in 2007/in Marchin the twenty-first century in his fifties3)on表示星期幾/某一具體的日子/具體某天的上午/下午/晚上，表示一天中的三個(gè)時(shí)間 段名詞前有修飾語或后有修飾語時(shí).on Monday on New Years Dayon Sunday morningon a rainy night on the evening of April 1st ,20076、Wow, sounds like fun !句中省略了 it形

14、式主語。完整句子：It sounds like fun.sound like聽起來像It sounds like a rice room. Can we take a look at？間聽起來不錯(cuò)，我們能看一下房間嗎？ Their love story sounds like a fairy tale他們的愛情故事聽起來像童話。感官動(dòng)詞+likefeel like摸起來像 smell like聞起來像 look like看起來像 taste like嘗起來像7、But there a sWater Festival from April 13th to 15 th.但在那里，從四月十三日到十五

15、日有一個(gè)潑水節(jié)。there = there is (there be 句型的用法)(1) There be句型中be與第一個(gè)主語保持一致。There is (be) a teacher and thirty students in the classroom.Do you know there is an o and a u in the word computer?(2) There be 句型的一般將來時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)是： There will be-/There is going to beThere will be a sports meet in our school next week.(3

16、) There be句型的反意疑問句，be thereThere are two libraries in this city, aren there? Yes, there are. /No, thereren t(4) There be sb./sth. doing sth.有某人或某物正在做某事There is a man lyingunder the tree. Can t you see?8、 I wonder if it s similar to the water festival of the Dai people in Yunnan Province.我想知道如果它是類似于水

17、云南傣族的節(jié)日。be similar to 與類似，與什么一樣反義詞組： be different frombe similar to sb 與某人相像Mary is very similar to her sister in appearance(外貌)Her sweater is similar to my sister s . They aserthes color.This is similar to waiting for a bus that never turns up.這就跟等待一輛永遠(yuǎn)等不到的公共汽車差不多。9、Chinese people have been celebra

18、ting Mid Autumn Festival and enjoying mooncakes for centuries.中國(guó)人賞月歡度中秋已經(jīng)有幾個(gè)世紀(jì)了。這句話中用了現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，即：have been doing表示動(dòng)作從某一時(shí)間開始，一 直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。其構(gòu)成為：have/has been動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞(v+ing)for centuries意為 “數(shù)個(gè)世紀(jì)以來”, 相當(dāng)于 since centuries agoI have been studying English for about six years and I really love it.我學(xué)英語已經(jīng)大約6年了，我非常喜歡英

19、語。Im sorry you have been waiting so long, but itll still be some time before Jim gets back. 很抱歉讓您等了這么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，吉姆還有一會(huì)兒才能回來?，F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別1 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以表示一個(gè)已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)則表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如:I have read the book.我讀過這本書。I have been reading the book.我一直在讀這本書。【注】有少數(shù)動(dòng)詞（如work, study, live, teach, stay等）在表示持續(xù)一時(shí)間時(shí)用這兩種時(shí)

20、態(tài)含義差不多（只是用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行進(jìn)更強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性）。如：How long have you worked been working here?你在這兒工作多久了 ?I veved been living here since 1988.自 1988 年以來我就一直住在這兒。2 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常只陳述事實(shí)，而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)還可表示一種感情色彩。如：I have waited for two hours.我等了兩小時(shí)。（陳述事實(shí)）I have been waiting for two hours.我等了兩個(gè)小時(shí)。（等得好辛苦）10、Mooncakes are in the shape of a

21、 full moon on mid-autumn night.月餅是中秋之夜?jié)M月的形狀。in the shape of以的形式;呈的形狀This island is in the shape of a cross.該島呈十字形。There was a red mark on his back in the shape of the letter他的背上有一個(gè) S 形的紅斑。11、However, most people think that the story of Chang e is the most touching.touching adj.令人感動(dòng)的；感人的This is the m

22、ost touching story that I have ever heardi 是我聽至 U 過的最動(dòng)人的故事。His farewell speech was very touching他的告另演講非常感人。touch v.觸摸、感動(dòng)、觸及、接觸Don touch the paint until it is dry.油漆未干，請(qǐng)勿觸摸。His sad story touched our hearts的悲慘的故事深深打動(dòng)了我們。The peak seems to touch the sky.峰似乎觸及了 天空。12 、 Whoever drank this could live forev

23、er, and Hou Yi planned to drink it with Chang e.誰喝了這個(gè)就可以永生，后羿就打算和嫦娥一起喝它。whoever意為“無論誰；不管誰”；在本句中作主語。Whoever did this will sooner or later be caught and will be punished.不管是誰干的這事，早晚要被抓住并受到懲罰。Whoever wants the book may have i碓想要這本書都可以拿走。I take whoever wants to go要去我就帶誰去。13、Chang e refused to give it to

24、 him and drank it all.嫦娥拒絕給他，自己吞下全部仙藥。refuse =say no to v 拒絕 refuse to do sth 拒絕去做某事接不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞：1）三個(gè)希望兩答應(yīng)（hope, wish, want, agree, promise2）兩個(gè)要求莫拒絕（demand, ask, refuse3）設(shè)法學(xué)會(huì)做決定（ manage, learn, decide4）不要假裝在選擇（pretend, choose14、Hou Yi was so sad that he called out her name to the moon every night后羿傷心不

25、已，每晚對(duì)月呼喊她的名字。so - that-,意為“如此以致于”，是結(jié)果狀語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。The river is so clean that we can see the fish in it.這條河流如此清澈，我們能看到河里的魚。句型1 “主語+謂語+so+形容詞/副詞+that從句”The wind was so strong that we could hardly move forward.句型2： so +形容詞+ a/an +單數(shù)名詞+ that從句It was so hot a day that they all went swimming.句型3. so + many/ f

26、ew +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + that從句He has so few friends that he often feels lonely.句型4： so +much/ little +不可數(shù)名詞 + that從句I had so little money that I couldn buy a pen.15、 He quickly laid out her favorite fruits and desserts in the garden .他很快在花園里擺上了她最喜歡的水果和甜點(diǎn)。v. lay放置；安放（過去式：laid過去分詞:laid 現(xiàn)在分詞:laying第三人稱單數(shù):lays ） lay

27、 out擺開；布置Don lay out your clothes on the bed. Put them away.要把衣服都攤在床上，把他們收起來 They laid out the hill as a park他們把這座小山布置成了一座公園。v. lay產(chǎn)（卵）；下（蛋）。 A hen laid an egg. 一只母雞下了一個(gè)蛋。單詞辨析：lie、lay （這兩個(gè)詞及易混淆，主要是因?yàn)閮烧叩囊饬x及它們的過去式和分 詞形式極易混淆。）lay - laid - laid “擺、放、下蛋或產(chǎn)卵”現(xiàn)在分詞layinglie 一 lay - lain “躺、平放” 現(xiàn)在分詞lying一 lie

28、d 一 lied “說謊”現(xiàn)在分詞lyingHe laid the papers on the desk and then went out他把文件放在桌上，然后出去了。She lay on the beach all morning.她整個(gè)上午都躺在沙灘上。He lied to me.他對(duì)我撒了謊。16、admire v.欣賞、仰慕通常結(jié)構(gòu)是： admire sb. admire sth. admire sb. for sth.They stopped for a while to admire the sceneryfe 們停了一會(huì)兒來欣賞風(fēng)景。He was very successful

29、 in his business and his friends admired him.他的事業(yè)非常成功，他的朋友都羨慕他。I admire her for her bravery 我欽佩她的勇氣。17、One is Mother Day and the other is Father Day. 一個(gè)是母親節(jié)，另一個(gè)是父親節(jié)?！癘ne .the other”句型意為“一個(gè) ；另一個(gè)I have two brothers. One is a doctor, and the other is an engineer.我有兩個(gè)哥哥。一個(gè)是醫(yī)生，另外一個(gè)是工程師。18、Actually , we d

30、on spend a lot of money.spend “花費(fèi)”sb spend money/time on sth sb spend money/time (in) doing sthMost students spend too much time playing computer games.I spent $5 on this book. pay/cost/take 花費(fèi) pay -paid -paid v 支付，主語是人sb.+ pay + 錢+for sth1 pay 10 yuan for the book.cost - cost - cost加費(fèi)，主語是某物或某事 .sth

31、 cost sb.喉(某物花費(fèi)某人多少錢)I bought a new sweater last weekend. It cost me 120 yuan.take -took - taken v花費(fèi) It takes /took sb. some time to do sth.做某事花費(fèi)某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.19、dress up打扮，裝飾dress sb. up給某人打扮dress up in 求月艮/顏色dress up as 火dress oneself給某人自己穿衣服Mr. Green dressed up as

32、a policeman in dark glasses林先生裝扮成名帶墨鏡的警察。She has dressed up in a red skirt for the party.了參加舞會(huì)，她穿了一條紅裙子。20、trick or treat 玩笑或招待Treat n款待、招待 give sb. a treat意為“款待某人”。If they dont give us a treat, we can play a trick on them.如果他們不招待我們，我們就跟他們開個(gè)玩笑。She was cooking fish as a trea她正在做魚來款待客人。This is my trea

33、t。這次由我做東。21、A Christmas Carol is a famous novel written by Charles Dickens.圣誕圣歌是查爾斯。狄更斯筆下一篇著名的短篇小說。famous = well-know adj.著名 的， 有名的(1) be famous for因而著名(某人因某種知識(shí)、技能或特征而出名)(2) be famous as作為.而出名(某人以某種身份而出名).I hear Dandong is a beautiful city.Yes, it s famous for its rice and seafood.Lao She was famous

34、 as a writher.Suzhou is famous as a beautiful city in our country.22、He is mean and only think about himself.mean adj.自私的；刻薄的；吝嗇的He is a mean man.Her husband is very mean about mone她的丈夫在金錢上彳艮吝嗇。Shes too mean to make a donatio她很小氣，不肯捐款。mean v.意思是； 打算； 意味What does this word mean?這個(gè)單詞什么意思？I mean thats

35、his own decision to leaved的意思是離開是他自己的決定。I mean to call on you tomorrow.我打算明天看望你。22、 He just cares about whether he can make more money 他只在意他是否能賺更多的錢。care about在乎；在意”，后接名詞或代詞care for喜歡；照顧 take care留神；小心 take care of照顧“I know that my parents care about me Liu Yan says. “They are always talking about w

36、hat will happen if I dont succeed.”Would you please take care of my baby brother while Im cooking?23、his dead business partner.他已逝的生意伙伴。dead /ded/ adj.死的；失去生命的die v. 一(延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞)be dead死，死亡 一death n.死，死亡 一 dead adj.死的 一 dying adj.將死的Lucys dog died yesterday. Its death made her sad.His grandpa has been d

37、ead for five years .The doctor saved a dying boy yesterday.24、Marley used to be just like Scrooge 馬利過去就像斯克魯齊一樣。 used to do sth過去常常做某事，表示過去做過的事現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不做，只用于過去時(shí)態(tài)。She used tolive with her grandparents , but she doesn t now.Did you use to go swimming in the river when you were young?你小時(shí)候經(jīng)常在河里游泳嗎？ be /get u

38、sed to doing sth 習(xí)慣于做某事My parents are used to getting up early on weekdays-How is your grandma?She s fine. She used watch TV at home after supper. But now she is used to going out for a walk. be used to do sth 被用來做某事=be used for doing sthStamps is used to post letters.25、 He warns Scrooge to change

39、his ways if he doesn want to end up like him他警告斯克魯齊，如果不想重蹈覆轍，就要改變生活方式。 warn v.警告；告誡They warn her that if does it again they will punish her.他們警告她再這么干，就處罰她. warn sb. (not) to do sth.警告某人(不要)干某事We warned him not to go skating on such thin ic哦們警告他不要在這么薄的冰上滑冰。 warn sb. about sth.提醒、警告某人注意某事The teachers warn the students about the stairs.師提醒學(xué)生當(dāng)心樓梯。 warn sb. against (doing)sth.警告某人不要某事He warned me against going there at nigh他告誡我晚上不要至m LL 去。end n/v 結(jié)尾 ending n 結(jié)尾(1) in the end = at last = finally 最后 (2) at the end of - 在 盡頭(3) by the end of 在結(jié)束時(shí) (4)end up doing sth終止做某事(5