人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)Unit3知識(shí)點(diǎn)精講

1、Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.一、詞匯應(yīng)用1 .play the drums 敲鼓2 .the singing competition 歌唱比賽1.1 earn something new 學(xué)一些新東西4 .have fun玩得開(kāi)心；過(guò)得愉快5 .be talented in在方面有天賦6 .the same as W相同；與一致7 .care about 關(guān)心； 在意8 .a good listener善于傾聽(tīng)的人9 .make friends 交朋友10.as long as只要；既然1 l.be different from 與不

2、同；與有差異12 .bring out使顯現(xiàn)；使表現(xiàn)出13 .get good grades 取得好成績(jī)1.1 infact確切地說(shuō)；事實(shí)上；實(shí)際上15 .break one's arm摔斷了某人的胳膊16 .be similar to與相像的、類似的17 .primaiy school 小學(xué)18 .be good with善于應(yīng)付的；對(duì)有辦法19 .be good at (doing) sth.擅長(zhǎng)(做)某事20 .help (to) do sth.幫忙做某事21 .make sb. do sth.使某人做某事22 .A good friend is like a mirror.好朋

3、友就像一面鏡子。23 .Friends are like books you don't need a lot of them as long as they're good.朋友如書，不在多而貴在好。24 .A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.一個(gè)真正的朋友是在需要時(shí)給你幫助，使你感動(dòng)。25 .She's always there to listen.她隨時(shí)都能夠聽(tīng)我傾訴。二、詞匯精講1. both(1)代詞，意為“兩者，雙方，兩人:例如：Both of the flowers are

4、very beautifiil. = The flowers are both very beautiful.這兩朵7它都很漂亮。(2)形容詞，意為“兩者的，雙方的工例如：She wants both dictionaries.這兩本字典她都想要。Botli the answers are wrong.這兩個(gè)答案都是錯(cuò)的。(3)副詞，意為“兩者，兩者都是“，常用于行為動(dòng)詞之前，be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后。 例如：They can both dance.他們倆都會(huì)跳舞«(4) bothand意為”和都，既又”，用于連接兩個(gè)并列成分，連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)， 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：B

5、oth you and your sister like it very much.你和你姐姐都非常喜歡它 ?！就卣埂?1)當(dāng)both用于否定句時(shí)，表示“并非兩者都:例如：I don't like both the sweaters.這兩件毛衣，我并不都喜歡。bothand的否定形式為neither. noi意為"既不也不二 例如：He can speak neither French nor English.他既不會(huì)法語(yǔ)也不會(huì)英語(yǔ)。2. outgoing 與 quietoutgoing作形容詞，意為“外向的，友好的：擅于交際的“，其比較級(jí)為more outgoing。其反義

6、 詞為quiet,意為“安靜的，文靜的“，可作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。例如：They walked to a quiet place,他們向一個(gè)安靜的地方走去。You have a cold. so you must keep quiet at home.你感冒了，所以必須在家靜養(yǎng)。He is more outgoing than me.他比我能說(shuō)會(huì)道?！就卣埂縞alm, stilL quiet 與 silent：calm意為“鎮(zhèn)靜的：平靜的指不受干擾時(shí)的寧?kù)o、平靜：指人時(shí)表示沉著的、鎮(zhèn)定的。(2)still意為“不動(dòng)的：靜止的指物理上的安靜狀態(tài)。(3)qu】et意為“安靜的：靜止的指寂靜的狀態(tài)，沒(méi)有吵鬧

7、、騷亂，指人表示嫻靜、文靜。(4)silent意為“沉默的：無(wú)言的:主要指人，指不發(fā)出聲音或不說(shuō)話，強(qiáng)調(diào)無(wú)聲的狀態(tài)。例如：When we face danger, we should keep calm,面對(duì)危險(xiǎn) > 我們應(yīng)該保持沉著、冷靜。The baby kept still when she was taking photos.當(dāng)給這個(gè)嬰兒拍照時(shí)，她一動(dòng)也不動(dòng)。Be quiet, everyone. The teacher is coming.同學(xué)們，安靜！老師來(lái) 了 。We shouldn't keep silent when the teacher asks us so

8、me questions.當(dāng)老師問(wèn)我們問(wèn)題時(shí)，我們不應(yīng)該保持沉默?！咀⒁狻縬uiet意為“安靜的”,quite意為“相當(dāng)工3. win win作動(dòng)詞，意為“贏得；打?。簯?zhàn)勝”，其現(xiàn)在分詞要雙寫n,為winning；過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞均為won»例如：He won a prize last week.他上周得獎(jiǎng)了。They won the basketball match yesterday.他們昨天嬴得 了 那場(chǎng)籃球比賽，He knew this was his last hope of winning.他知道這是他獲勝的唯一希望了 0【拓展】win 與 beat：(1) win強(qiáng)調(diào)贏

9、得“比賽、游戲、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”，獲得“名次、獎(jiǎng)品:例如：win a prize得獎(jiǎng) win a game扇得比賽 win a honor贏得榮譽(yù) win a battle贏得戰(zhàn)斗win a match贏得比賽win a scholarship演得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金(2) beat強(qiáng)調(diào)“打敗，戰(zhàn)勝”，其后只能接比賽、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的對(duì)手，即beat只能接表示人的詞語(yǔ)作賓 語(yǔ)。例如：beat a team戰(zhàn)勝/打敗一隊(duì)(組)beat a nation戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)/打敗一個(gè)國(guó)家beat ail opponent戰(zhàn)勝/打敗一個(gè)對(duì)手4. heavy 與 thinheavy和thin是一組意義相反的形容詞，都可用來(lái)描述人的體型。heavy意為

10、“胖的，笨重的“， 比較級(jí)形式為heavier： thin意為“瘦的”，其比較級(jí)形式為thinner。例如：He is very hea、y but his brother is thin,他很胖，可他的哥哥卻瘦?！就卣埂縣eavy還可意為“重的；劇烈的：大的”等。例如：heay ram.''snow/smoke 大雨/大雪/濃煙heavy smoker/drmker/eater煙癮/酒癮/食量大的人have a heavy cold 患重感冒heay(biisy) traffic 交通擁擠5. care aboutcare about意為“關(guān)心，在意:例如：She does

11、not care about her husband at all.她根本不關(guān)心她的丈夫°Don't you care about tliis country's future?難道你不為國(guó)家前途擔(dān)憂嗎？I don't care about money.我不看重錢 c【拓展】3care for意為“照顧，照料：想要；喜歡:例如：Would you care for some more tea?想再喝點(diǎn)茶嗎？The mother cared for the sick child day and mght.母親日夜照料著生病的孩子。I don t care for

12、 ndmg on a bike very much; I,d rather go on foot.我不太喜歡騎自行車，寧愿步行。6. serioussenous作形容詞，意為“嚴(yán)肅的、認(rèn)真.的、嚴(yán)重的、危險(xiǎn)的比較級(jí)為more serious,常用搭配為：be serious about意為“對(duì)認(rèn)真配例如：How serious the matter is!問(wèn)題是多么嚴(yán)重??！I stopped laugliuig when I realized he was serious about it.當(dāng)我意識(shí)到他不是開(kāi)玩笑時(shí)，我就不再笑了。7. touch(l)touch作動(dòng)詞，意為“感動(dòng)：觸摸”。例如

13、：Don,t touch the paint until it's dry.油漆未干，切勿觸摸。His sad story touched our hearts.他的悲慘的故事深深打動(dòng)了我們的心。The peak seems to touch the sky.山峰似乎已觸及天空。(2)touch作名詞,意為“接觸：聯(lián)系”。例如：The bluid have a keen sense of touch.盲人有敏銳的觸覺(jué)。They keep close touch with me.他們和我保持密切聯(lián)系。8. reach(l)reach作動(dòng)詞，意為“伸手：到達(dá)；抵達(dá)；取得聯(lián)系:例如：He r

14、eached into his pocket to get his car keys,他把手伸進(jìn)口 袋里拿車鑰匙 0We reached the nearest railway station last night.我們昨天晚上到達(dá)最近的火車站。The garden reaches the lake.花園一直延伸到湖邊 oWe tried to reach them by phone.我們?cè)囍秒娫捀麄兟?lián)絡(luò)。(2)reach作名詞，意為“范圍例如：The book is out of my reach,那本書我夠不到。三、句式精講1. That's Tara, isn't i

15、t?Tha/sTarajsnlit?是反意疑問(wèn)句，表示對(duì)陳述句所說(shuō)的事實(shí)提出相反的疑問(wèn)，要求對(duì)方用 “yes"或'no”來(lái)進(jìn)行回答。反意疑問(wèn)句由兩部分組成：前一部分是陳述句，后一部分是疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)句是由be, have, 助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后接主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成。如果陳述句是肯定結(jié)構(gòu)，反意疑問(wèn)句須用否定結(jié)構(gòu)：反之, 陳述句如果是否定結(jié)構(gòu)，反意疑問(wèn)句須用肯定結(jié)構(gòu)。反意疑問(wèn)句的兩部分，必須保持人稱和 時(shí)態(tài)的一致。例如He is old. isn't he?他老 了，不是嗎？He never went there, did he? 他從沒(méi)有去過(guò)那里，是嗎？無(wú)論哪種形式的反意疑問(wèn)句，回答

16、時(shí)要遵循：“Yes,后接肯定式”或者“No,后接否定式”一The girl is helping her mother witli the housework, isn't she?那個(gè)女孩正在幫媽媽做家務(wù)，不是嗎？Yes, she is.是的，她在幫°No, she isn't.不,她沒(méi)有幫。2. That's why .why引導(dǎo)的從句在此作is的表語(yǔ),是表語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的詞除了 why夕卜,還有that; whether: as if; what; which; who; whose; when; where; how 等。表語(yǔ)從句與賓語(yǔ)從句一樣，

17、要 求用陳述語(yǔ)序。例如：That is where I was bom,那就是我出生的地方。The problem is whether he will come.問(wèn)題是他是否回來(lái)。This is what we need.這就是我們所需要的，【注意】That's why可視以為一個(gè)固定句式，表示“這便是為什么”、”這就是的原因”, why的后面一般接句子。例如：That's why he was late tliis monung,這就是他今天早上遲到的原因。3. .you don't need a lot of them as long as you're

18、good.as long as為固定搭配,意為“只要: 此句中的long為副詞。例如：We can talk about tliis as long as you want.主要你想（談），我們可以談?wù)勥@件事°As long as I live, I will help you.只要我活著，我就會(huì)幫助你?！就卣埂縜sas中間加形容詞或副詞原形，表示同級(jí)的比較，意為“和一樣:This film is as mterestmg as that one.這部電影和那部電影一樣有趣。Your pen writes as smoodily as mine.你的鋼筆書寫起來(lái)和我的一樣流暢。其否定

19、式為not a"so. as中間加形容詞或副詞原形，意為“和不一樣:例如：This dictionary is not as/so usefiil as you tluiik.這本字典不如你想象的那樣有用，4.1 think a good friend makes me laugh.make在此處是使役動(dòng)詞，后接省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式,make sb. do sth.意為“使/讓某人做某事”， 類似的動(dòng)詞還有l(wèi)et, have等。例如：The boss made them work for long time.老板讓他們長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作。They made us forget the pas

20、t.他們使我們忘記了過(guò)去°【拓展】make作“使”講時(shí)，還可用make+賓語(yǔ)+形容詞/名詞（作賓補(bǔ)），即make sb./sth.+adj./n.。類似的詞還有keep等。例如：What he said makes us happy.他所說(shuō)的話使我們很高興。Don,t keep the door open.別把門開(kāi)著。We made John our monitor.我們選約翰當(dāng)班長(zhǎng)。5. My best friend Larry is quite different from me.be different from意為“與不同L different的名詞形式為difference

21、,意為“不同；不同之處工例如：Saying a thmg is very different from doing it.說(shuō)一件事和做一件事很不相同。Whetlier it rains or not makes no difference to me.卜不下雨對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)都一樣，【拓展】the same as意為“和一樣/相同“，as前后跟同類名詞、代詞或副詞。例如：I am in the same school as my yoiuiger sister 我和我的妹妹在同一所學(xué)校。9綜合練習(xí)in leaniing English well.詞匯精練1 .漢譯英。1.相反的觀點(diǎn)3.跳得高5.擅長(zhǎng)7

22、.使顯現(xiàn)9.玩得開(kāi)心II.根據(jù)首字母填空。1. He doesn't do well ui math、a2. Most of them have strong2.跑得快4.工作努力6.贏得比賽8.兩者都10.關(guān)心，在意he is good at English and Chinese.3. Jane isn't very o. She likes to stay at home and do some reading.4. Lm Ying talks more than Liu Li. Liu Li is q tliaii Liu Ying.5. B of the twins

23、are fiuiiiy.III.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. She is a little(heay) than her sister.2. This book is(interest) and I like it very much.3. He is not fiinny, and he is always very(serious).4. Is Jack talented in(play) soccer?5. Lucy always(beat) me iii swimming.6. A tnie friend(reach) for your hand and(touch)yoin he

24、art.7. She is very fiuiiiy and often makes me(laugli).1.1 enjoy(sing). I want to be a singer when I grow up.9. Here are(photo) of my brother10. There are some(difiereiit) between the twins.【參考答案】1 .漢譯英。1. opposite -iews/opiinons 2. run fast3. jun甲 higli4. work hard 5. be good aVbe talented in'do

25、 well in 6. win die match 7. bring out8. both.and. 9. have fim/have a good tiine/enjoy oneself 10. care aboutII.根據(jù)首字母填空。1. althougli 2. interest 3. outgoing 4. quieter 5. Bothin.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. heavier 2. mteresting 3. serious 4. playing 5. beats 6. reaches： touches7. laugli 8. singing 9. photos 10.

26、 diSerences句式精練1 .根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示，完成句子，每空一詞。L我最好的朋友和我有很大的不同。My friend is quite me.2 .好的朋友善于傾聽(tīng)。A good friend is a.3 .這便是我喜歡看書的原因。That's like books.4 .只要你高興就好。Its fine you're happy.5 .我并不十分在乎我的朋友跟我一樣或與我不同。I don't really care my friends are me or different.II.句型轉(zhuǎn)換，按要求完成下列句子。1. Lucy likes to do the s

27、ame tilings as me.（就劃線部分提問(wèn)） Lucy to as you?2. They both like going for a walk after supper.（改為同義句） going for a walk after supper.3. He didn't feel well yesterday. He still went to school.（合并為一句） he didn't feel well yesterday, he still went to school.4. Li Ping doesn't run as far as Wang

28、Lin.（改為同義句）Li Ping Wang Lui.5. The girl is talented in physics.（改為同義句）Tlie girl in physics.6. My brother does well in English.(改為同義句)My brother English.7. He has got no sisters and no brothers.(改為同義句)He hasn't got any sisters brothers.1.1 am tall. My best friend is also tall.(合并為一句)My best frien

29、d and I.9. Tom and Jack don't look the same.(改為同義句)Tom looks Jack.10. Both he and his friend like music.(改為反意疑問(wèn)句)Both he and his friend like music,?ni.根據(jù)題意從括號(hào)內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~完成下列句子。1.1 am a little (short, shorter) than my brother.2. Helen is the(young, yoiuiger) of die two.3. The(soon, sooner) you come here, the(good, better) it will be.4. She studies(well, better) than me.5. Shanghai is bigger than(any、any otlier) city ill China.IV完成對(duì)話根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容，在每個(gè)空缺處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使