北京市西城區(qū)2020屆高三英語上學(xué)期期末考試試題(含解析)

1、高考提醒一輪看功夫，二輪看水平，三輪看士氣梳理考綱，進一步明確高考考什么！梳理高考題，進一步明確怎么考！梳理教材和筆記，進一步明確重難點！梳理錯題本，進一步明確薄弱點！抓住中低檔試題。既可以突生重點又可以提高復(fù)習(xí)信心，效 率和效益也會雙豐收。少做、不做難題，努力避免“心理飽 和”現(xiàn)象的加劇。保持平常心，順其自然i北京市西城區(qū)2019 2020學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末試卷高三英語本試卷共10頁，共120分。考試時長100分鐘。 考生務(wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。第一部分：知識運用(共兩節(jié)，45分)第一節(jié) 語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未

2、給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Most of us claim we don't have time for exercise. However, many experts saythat exercise plays an important role in making our body healthy. Being1 ( physical) active offers many advantages. As a physical reward, exercisecan reduce weight and the risk

3、of heart disease. Exercise also 2( bring) goodeffects mentally. It can make us feel refreshedand happy, helping usincrease ourlife quality. Actually, exercise can be done in simple 3( way). For example,we can take the stairs rather than the lift. Overall, it's hard to find time to exercise in ou

4、r busy lives, but every little bit helps.【答案】1. physically2. brings 3. ways【解析】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了鍛煉的益處很多，而且可以通過簡單的方式完成，每做一些鍛煉都會有幫助。【1題詳解】考查副詞。句意：保持身體活躍益處很多。分析句子成分可知，active 是形容詞作表語，需使用副詞作狀語修飾，因此使用physical的副詞形式physically 。故填physically 。【2題詳解】考查主謂一致。句意：鍛煉也能帶來精神上的益處。分析句子成分可知，句中缺少謂語動詞，且主語為第三人稱單數(shù)形式，因此謂語動詞應(yīng)使用br

5、ing的第三人稱單數(shù)形式brings 。故填 brings。2【7題詳解】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：事實上鍛煉可以通過簡單的方式來完成。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并翻譯語境可知，way被simple修飾，無定冠詞限定，因此使用 way的復(fù)數(shù)形式 ways。故填ways。B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。It's a popular belief that fish can't remember anything 4 longer than sevenseconds. It may seem sad to t

6、hink that they don't remember what they've eaten or where they've been. But a recent study 5( find) that a kind of fish calledAfrican cichlids can remember events from as long as 12 days ago. Researchers trained the fish to go to a certain area of their tank 6( get) food. They then waite

7、dfor 12 days before 7( put) them back in the tank again. With the helpof computer software, they found the fish still went to the same place where they first got food.【答案】4. for 5. has foundfindsfound6. to get 7. putting 【解析】本文是說明文。研究表明魚的記憶力比我們認為的要好得多?！?題詳解】考查介詞。句意：許多人都認為，魚的記憶不超過7秒。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并翻譯語境可知，“fo

8、r+時間”結(jié)構(gòu)做時間狀語表示“長達 .”段時間，符合語境。故填 for。【5題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：近日有研究表明，魚的記憶力比我們認為的要好得多。最近研究報道，像African cichlids的魚類甚至能記得12天前發(fā)生的事。根據(jù)語境可知，使用一般過去時表示“過去某時間發(fā)現(xiàn)的結(jié)果”；使用現(xiàn)在完成時表示“截至目前已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)的結(jié)果”；使用一般現(xiàn)在時表示“客觀發(fā)現(xiàn)的結(jié)果”，三種時態(tài)均符合語境。故填has foundfindsfound 。【6題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：研究人員訓(xùn)練魚游到魚缸的特定區(qū)域獲取食物。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中存在謂語動詞故填to get 。trained ，且fish

9、與get之間為目的性關(guān)系，因此使用不定式形式 to get。 考查非謂語動詞。句意：12天后，他們再次將這些魚放到了這個魚缸里。分析句子成分可 知，介詞before后接動詞的動名詞形式，因此使用put的動名詞形式putting 。故填putting 。C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。In April 2017 , two giant pandas from China arrived at a zoo in the Netherlands.There, they8( welcome) to the C

10、hinese-style compound where they were to live.On May 30, after the preparations were complete, the day finally came 9 the pandas met their fans for the first time. People were excited because 10 zoois the only place in the country where it is possible to see pandas. In fact, the last time there were

11、 pandas in the Netherlands was in 1987.【答案】8. were welcomed9. when 10. the【解析】本文是記敘文。講述了 2017年4月，中國大熊貓引進荷蘭動物園，受到當?shù)厝藷崃覛g迎的 事情?！?題詳解】考查動詞語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：他們受到歡迎到結(jié)合中式風(fēng)格的住所居住。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并翻譯語境可知，they與welcome之間為被動關(guān)系，使用被動語態(tài)，且 they為復(fù)數(shù)，因此 使用 are welcomed 。故填 are welcomed ?！?題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：所有準備工作做完后，5月30日，熊貓們首次見粉絲的日子終于到了。

12、通過分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空后句子是定語從句，修飾限定先行詞day時間，因此使用關(guān)系詞 when弓I導(dǎo)。故填 when?！?0題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：人們很興奮，因為這座動物園是城里唯一能看到大熊貓的地方。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并翻譯語境可知，only意為“唯一”表明zoo應(yīng)使用定冠詞限定。故填 the。第二節(jié) 完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、G D四個選項中，選出最佳選項,5在答題卡上將該項涂黑。PamBales , an experienced hiker , stepped onto snow-covered Jewell Trail. T

13、he hike up the lower part of Jewell was 11. But less than an hour later, theweather was showing its teeth. Bales began to think about calling it a day. Then she noticed something: a single set of 12 in the snow ahead of her. She'dbeen 13 unclear tracks all day and hadn't given them much 14 ,

14、 becauseso many people climb Jewell Trail. But these , as a volunteer of the Valley Search and Rescue Team, she 15 , had been made by a pair of sneakers , which was surely not for this kind of trail. Strong wind screamed, and 16 was just hours away. If Bales continued to follow the tracks, she'd

15、 add 17 to the journey.But the tracks ahead meant someone might be in 18 She could not let this go. She silently scolded the absent hiker for 19 normal safety rules andstruggled to walk carefully in the direction of the 20. After about tracks to 30 yards , she rounded a corner and saw a man sitting

16、motionless.He wore tennis sneakers and a light jacket. She checked him for any signof 21. There was none. Bales had been trained in search and rescue and knew that he was hypothermic （ 體溫過彳氐的 ） and would 22 soon if he didn't get out of there. The man said he had lost his way and was extremely 23

17、. Bales brought a pair of soft-shell pants , a winter hat, and a jacket from her pack. She helped the man 24 the warm , dry layers onto his body and offered himsome hot cocoa. 25 he stood. She offered continuous encouragement “ Keepgoing! You're doing great." Just before 6 p. m., they arriv

18、ed at the trailheadvery 26. Her climb up to the spot where she27the man had takenabout four hours. Two hours had passed since then.A week later , the president of Bales' rescue group received a letter in the mail. It read :" On Sunday October! 17, 1 went up my trail , Jewell.28was to be bad

19、. But without thinking too much I was dressed to go quickly. Next thing I knew this lady was talking to me , changing my clothes , making me warmer. She just kept 29 me. Finally , I learned her name was Pam. The entire time shetreated me with compassion（同情心）,confidence , and one hundred percentcommi

20、tment.In the nine years legend (傳奇人物).since she saved John,Bales has become something of a hikingIt's a ( n ) _30_ she never sought or wante2d, but oneshe certainly has earned.11. A. longB. boringC. pleasantD.unforgettable12. A. clothesB. toolsC. glovesD.footprints13. A. recordingB. followingC.

21、coveringD.leaving14. A. responseB. expectationC. thoughtD. hope15. A. realizedB. suggestedC. admittedD.remembered16. A. successB. darknessC. freedomD.disaster17. A. informationB. interestC. riskD. pain18. A. troubleB. controlC. doubtD. touch19. A. knowingB. makingC. judgingD.breaking20. A. windB. tr

22、acksC.soundD. hikers21. A. powerB. lifeC. injuryD. loss22. A. recoverB. escapeC. wakeD. die23. A. coldB. starvingC. sleepyD.concerned24. A. pickB. pullC. bringD. carry25. A. UnwillinglyB. NervouslyC. ImmediatelyD. Slowly26. A. tiredB. stressedC. upsetD. scared27. A. treatedB. observedC. locatedD.pro

23、tected28. A. ChanceB. SightC. HealthD.28Weather29. A. praisingB. encouragingC. excusingD.instructing30. A. titleB. fortuneC. opportunityD. option【答案】11. C 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A 16. B 17. C 18. A 19.D 20. B 21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28.D 29. B 30. A【解析】這是一篇記敘文。全文主要講述了一位經(jīng)驗豐富的徒步旅行者Pam

24、Bales 在登山途中救了一位登山迷路者的經(jīng)歷。【 11 題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：爬珠寶小徑較低的部分很令人愉悅。A. long 長的； B. boring無聊的；C. pleasant 愉悅的；D. unforgettable 難忘的。結(jié)合后文轉(zhuǎn)折后遇到困難可知C項pleasant "愉悅的”切題。故選 C項?！?12 題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后他留意到了雪中的腳印。A. clothes 衣服； B. tools 工具；C. gloves 手套；D. footprints 腳印。通過語境翻譯可知腳印切題。故選 D項。【 13 題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她沿

25、著這條小徑走了一天了，而且因為很多人都爬過這座山，所以她也沒多想。A. recording 記錄； B. following 沿著； C. covering 覆蓋； D. leaving離開。由前文可知她在爬小徑，此處使用following “沿著”符合題意。故選 B 項?！?14 題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她沿著這條小徑走了一天了，而且因為很多人都爬過這座山，所以她也沒多想。A. response 回復(fù)； B. expectation 期待； C. thought 想法； D. hope 希望。通過語境翻譯可知C項切題。故選 C項。【 15 題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意： 但是作為峽

26、谷搜救隊的志愿者，她意識到這樣的運動鞋絕對不適合爬山。A. realized 意識到；B. suggested 建議； C. admitted 承認； D. remembered 記得。根據(jù)后文中繼續(xù)尋找可知，此處是意識到可能存在問題需要解決，A項realized "意識到”切題。故選A項?！?16 題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：還有幾小時就要黑天了。A. success 成功； B. darkness 黑暗、黑天； C. freedom 自由； D. disaster 災(zāi)難。通過語境翻譯可知B 項 darkness “黑暗、黑天”切題。故選 B 項。【 17 題詳解】考查名詞詞義

27、辨析。句意：如果繼續(xù)的話會增加風(fēng)險。A. information 信息； B. interest興趣； C. risk 風(fēng)險； D. pain 痛苦。結(jié)合前文所述大風(fēng)在刮馬上天黑，表示環(huán)境艱險，C項risk “風(fēng)險”切題。故選 C項?！?18 題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：前方的軌跡意味著可能有人遇到麻煩了。A. trouble 麻煩； B.control控制；C. doubt懷疑；D. touch觸摸。通過語境翻譯可知 A項trouble "麻煩"切 題。故選A項。【 19 題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她小聲的責備消失的登山者，他違反了安全規(guī)則。A. knowing

28、知道； B. making 制作； C. judging 評論； D. breaking 打破。結(jié)合前文所述前方的旅程危險，因此打破了安全規(guī)則，D項breaking “打破”切題。故選D項?！?20 題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意： 然后她小心翼翼地往那個登山者的方向走。A. wind 風(fēng)； B. tracks軌跡； C. sound 聲音； D. hikers 登山者。結(jié)合后文所述所跟隨的雪地上的軌跡，B 項tracks “軌跡”切題。故選 B 項?！?21 題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她檢查了一下他是否有受傷跡象。A. power 能力； B. life 生活；C. injury 受傷

29、；D. loss損失。通過語境翻譯可知C項injury"受傷”切題。故選 C項。【 22 題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果他不離開這里就會死掉。A. recover 恢復(fù)； B. escape 逃跑；C. wake醒來；D. die死亡。通過后文內(nèi)容可知，他傷的很重，D項die “死亡”切題。故選 D 項。【 23 題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他說他迷路了，感覺特別冷。A. cold 寒冷； B. starving 饑餓； C. sleepy 困倦； D. concerned 擔心。結(jié)合上文所述可知當時天氣極為寒冷，因此A 項cold “寒冷”切題。故選 A項?！?24 題

30、詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意： 她幫這個男人把溫暖干凈的毯子拉到他的身上，給他一杯熱可可。A. pick撿起；B. pull拉；C. bring帶來；D. carry攜帶。通過語境翻譯可知 B項pull "拉"切題。故選B 項。【 25 題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他慢慢地站了起來。A. Unwillingly 不情愿地；B. Nervously緊張地；C. Immediately 立即地；D. Slowly 慢慢地。結(jié)合后文內(nèi)容可知在她的鼓勵下他繼續(xù)走了下去，此處意為先站了起來。D 項切題。故選D 項?！?26 題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們疲憊地到達了登山口

31、。A. tired 疲憊的；B. stressed有壓力的；C. upset 沮喪的；D. scared 害怕的。根據(jù)下句可知她爬山到發(fā)現(xiàn)他的地點用了4小時的時間，意在表明路程之長，A項tired“疲憊的”切題。故選 A項。【 27 題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她爬山到定位他的地點用了4 小時的時間。A. treated 對待；B. observed觀察；C. located 定位；D. protected 保護。通過語境翻譯可知 C項located "定位”切題。故選C項。【 28 題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：天氣要變壞了。A. Chance 機會； B. Sight 視

32、力； C. Health 健康；D. Weather天氣。通過語境翻譯可知D項Weather “天氣”切題。故選 D項。【 29 題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她一直在鼓勵我。A. praising 表揚； B. encouraging 鼓勵；C. excusing 找理由；D. instructing 指導(dǎo)。根據(jù)前文可知他處于困境中時，她一直在鼓勵他增強求生欲，因此B 項 encouraging “鼓勵”切題。故選B 項。【 30 題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她從沒想過會得到這樣一個稱號，但她真的實至名歸得到了。A.title 頭銜、稱號；B. fortune 運氣、財富；C. opp

33、ortunity 機會； D. option 選擇。通過語境翻譯可知A項title "頭銜、稱號”切題。故選 A項。第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40 分）第一節(jié)（共15 小題；每小題2 分，共 30 分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、 B、 C、 D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AMost Helpful Apps for StudentsThere's almost an app for everything nowadays, and this can make student life easier, cheaper, safer and more

34、 fun. Whether you want help with taking notes, revising, waking up on time or keeping fit， read on for our student app picks Lecture recording appsJust a few years ago, students attending lectures would have to spend the entire time writing wildly on notepads, in order not to miss any vital bit of i

35、nformation. Then along came technology, and now ， lecture recording apps are a reality.Sound Note is a popular lecture recording app for iPad users. You can storean entire lecture in both visual and audio form. Other good quality lecture recording apps include Notes Plus and Audio Memos Free The Voi

36、ce Recorder.Student planner appsOrganization is key for success and well-being at university, and student planner apps are becoming increasingly popular. As well as saving on paper, many student planner apps also send reminders and warnings straight to your phone or device. Popular student planner a

37、pps include Timetable, My Class Schedule and Class Timetable.Student safety appsA number of apps for students have been developed promoting personal safety if out alone at night. The Circle of Six app is particularly useful for locating lost friends on nights out and also allows users to send their

38、circle of six friends an instant call for help at the touch of a button. The GPStracker will mark your location on your friends" devices, ensuring you'll always be able to find one another if necessary. Other student apps that promote safety include bSafe and React Mobile.Healthy eating app

39、sIf you're interested in eating healthily while keeping to a student budget, consider downloading a few healthy eating apps. Examples I've come across which area student app featuring a numberperfect apps for students include Rockin Ramenof nutritious recipes with Ramen as amain ingredient,

40、and MealBoard, an app whichplans healthy meals, grocery shops and recipes based on what you've got in the fridge.31. Which apps send reminders to users?B. Lecture recording apps.D. Healthy eating apps.B. introduce appsD. compare appsA. Student planner apps.C. Student safety apps.32. What can we

41、learn about the Circle of Six app?A. It allows users to seek help during an emergency.B. It encourages users to communicate with friends.C. It enables users to store an entire lecture.D. It helps users to lead a healthy life.33. The main purpose of the passage is to .A. categorize appsC. evaluate ap

42、ps【答案】31. A 32. A 33. B這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了幾款對于學(xué)生來講最好用的應(yīng)用軟件。 【31題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“ As well as saving on paper, manystudent planner apps also send reminders and warnings straight to your phone or device.“ 可知，彳艮多學(xué)生計劃軟件也可以直接向你的手機或設(shè)備發(fā)送提醒和警告，A項Student planner apps 切題。故選A項?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“ The Circle of Six a

43、pp is particularly useful for locating lost friends on nights out and also allows users to send their circle of six friends an instant call for help at the touch of a button." 可知 The Circle of Six 應(yīng)用軟件對于定位在夜間迷路的朋友很有用，并且允許使用者按一個按鈕就可以給使用The Circleof Six的朋友發(fā)即時求救，A項切合題意。故選 A項?！?3題詳解】 推理判斷題。文章的第一段是主

44、題段。 作者在這一段中首先從整體上介紹了學(xué)生使用手機應(yīng)B 項符合題意。用軟件的益處，然后在下面的幾段中具體介紹了每個應(yīng)用軟件的特點，因此故選 B 項。BJeremy Locke, who owns a roofing and construction company in Glace Bay, Nova Scotia, had always been wanting to repair the roof of Jeanette MacDonald's home. Whenever he drove past the woman's home, he assumed that t

45、he roof was under repair because the job had already been taken on by another group of repairmen but as the weeks wore on, the roof continued to worsen without any signs of repair.“ I had it in my mind that if no one steps up to help this lady in our community, I d be more than happy to, ” Locke tol

46、d CBC.When Locke finally reached out to MacDonald about fixing her roof for free, however, she politely declined his offer because she did not like to accept charity. That being said, she had already applied for a government grant（補助金）to fixthe roof and she said she was more than happy to hire Locke

47、 once her grant application was approved.Unfortunately, MacDonald never received the approval.As the stubborn （固執(zhí)的）Canadian senior refused to accept any assistance fromLocke, the sympathetic construction worker played an innocent trick in order to get her to accept his help. He invited MacDonald to

48、enter a raffle （抽獎活動）that hisbusiness was holding for a free roof. After the grandmother of four acceptedone of the raffle tickets, Locke told her that she was the winner because she wasthe only one who had entered the raffle.Thanks to his sweet little plan, Locke and his crew are starting work on t

49、he roof this week, which is expected to cost his company about $9, 000.MacDonald, meanwhile, told CBCthat she doesn't know how to express her gratitude to Locke, saying that he is her “ guardian angel ”."There's nobody out there like him," she added.34. What did Locke desire to do

50、for MacDonald?A. Repair her roof.B. Find a repairman.D. Raise money.C. Run a charity.35. Why did MacDonald refuse Locke's offer initially?A. She didn't trust him.B. She had won a raffle.C. She didn't like free help.D. She had got an official grant.36. How did Locke finally make MacDonald

51、 change her mind?A. He persuaded her to give up her application.B. He invited her to enter his business.C. He gave her about $9, 000.D. He told her a white lie.37. Which of the following words best describe Locke?A Stubborn and tricky.B. Wealthy and innocent.C. Determined and warm-hearted.D. Differe

52、nt and ambitious.【答案】34. A 35. C 36. D 37. C【解析】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了Jeremy Locke 為 Jeanette MacDonald 免費修理屋頂?shù)慕?jīng)歷?！?34 題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Jeremy Locke, who owns a roofing and construction companyin Glace Bay, Nova Scotia, had always been wanting to repair the roof of Jeanette MacDonald's home. ”可知， Jeremy L

53、ocke 一直都很想修理Jeanette MacDonald 家的屋頂，A項切合題意。故選 A項。【 35 題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“she politely declined his offer because she did not liketo accept charity. ”可知，她禮貌地拒絕了 Locke 的幫助是因為他不想接受免費的幫助，C項切題。故選C項。【 36 題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“As the stubborn （固執(zhí)的）Canadian senior refused toaccept any assistance from Locke, the sym

54、pathetic construction worker played an innocent trick in order to get her to accept his help ”可知，因為這位固執(zhí)的加拿大老人拒絕Locke 的幫助，這個有同情心的建筑工人玩了一個善意的伎倆來讓她接受幫助，意在表明Locke說了一個善意白謊言使得MacDonald改變了主意，D項切題。故選 D項。37 題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“I had it in my mind that if no one steps up to help thislady in our community, I d be

55、 more than happy to ”可知如果沒人出面幫這位女士修屋頂， Locke 非常愿意幫忙修理，表明 Locke 樂于助人，很熱心。 結(jié)合下文第五段中“As thestubborn （固執(zhí)的）Canadian senior refused to accept any assistance from Locke,the sympathetic construction worker played an innocent trick in order to get her to accept his help. ”可知為了讓 MacDonald 接受幫助，Locke 說了一個善意的謊言

56、，意在表明Locke是一個很有決心的人，C項“有決心、熱心”符合題意。故選C項。CWhat is the most meaningless thing every Texan will do at the same time this weekend?You guessed it. Wewill “ fallback” when our clocks are set backward one hourin observance of daylight saving time.This strange practice has an interesting history. In 1784, B

57、enjamin Franklin published a critical essay in a French newspaper suggesting that Parisians could save $200 mill ion through “ the economy of using sunshine instead of candles ” . Therefore ， many people owe the origin of the idea of daylight saving time to our Founding Father's writings. In the United States, the clock-changing practice began just over 100 years ago, in 1918, when Congress decided to