新世紀(jì)高等院校英語專業(yè)本科生系列教材綜合教程2第五單元課后問題詳解

1、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔Unit5FourteenStepsTextComprehensionIB.II.1.F;2.T;3.F;4.T;5.F.III.1. thesecondhalfofhisfirstlife.2. thedaywhenhewasunabletoclimbthosesteps,andwastolieanddie.3. hischallengetocontinueliving,andmiseryhehadtoacceptandcopewithinordertoholdontohissanity,hiswife,hishomeandhisjob.4. Hefirstfeltabitsorry

2、forthem,butthenfeltrelievedbythethoughtofpaying.5. theoldmanisblindbuthehelpedhiminthestorm;whilethewriterassumedthatadisabledmandeservedotherpeopleshelpbutneverhelpedothers.6. heshouldalwaysbereadytohelpothers.IV.1. asadmanwithlittlehopeforhisfuture,andeverythingdependedonhimtoclimbthese14steps.2.

3、thewriterwasfilledwithgreatshameandhorrorandbecamespeechless.StructuralanalysisofthetextPart 1: Paragraph1,21stlife;Part 2: Paragraph3,4,52ndlife;Part 3: Paragraph6,7,8,9incidentandreflection;Part 4: Paragraph10newlife,i.e.3rdlife.SectionFourConsolidationActivitiesPartone.VocabularyI.1. aslowlyprogr

4、essivedisease=adiseasethatgraduallybecaemoreandmoreserious2. withtheaidof=withthehelpof在的幫助下3. peeringat=lookingverycarefullyandhardat凝視4. areallset=areready準(zhǔn)備就緒，安排妥當(dāng)5. indifferenceto=notcaringabout對(duì)漠不關(guān)心II.1.tilted;2.ledupto;3.holdonto;4.carefor;5.isinclinedto;6.makealiving;7.follow,example;8.toadeg

5、ree.III.WordderivationFillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofthegivenwords.1. Youalwaysfollowyourowninclination(incline)insteadofthinkingofourfeeling.2. Themenstoodinfrontofthebar,indifferent(indifference)totheargumentthatwasgoingonacrosstheroad.3. Thecompanyhashadasuccessfulfirstyearathomebutpenet

6、ration(penetrate)oftheinternationalmarkethasbeenslow.4. Wehadntseenherformanyyearsandwereveryshockedbyherfrailty(frail).5. Hedoesnotconsiderhisdeafnessanaffliction(afflict).6. Wewereallveryimpressedbytheexcellence(excellent)ofthedesign.7. Herfeverisgettingprogressively(progress)worse.Ithinkweshouldc

7、alladoctor.8. Thehoneymoonperiodwassoonfollowedbytheusualdisillusionment(disillusion)withday-to-dayreality.1. inclinev.使有傾向，易于；愛好inclinationn.傾向，意愿inclineda.有傾向的；傾斜的2. indifferencen.不重視，無興趣，漠不關(guān)心indifferenta.漠不關(guān)心的，冷淡的indifferentlyad.不在乎地，冷淡地，淡然地3. penetratev.穿透，滲透；看穿penetratinga.敏銳的，尖銳的；穿透的，透徹的penetr

8、ationn.滲透，侵入，突破4. fraila.脆弱的，虛弱的frailtyn.脆弱，意志薄弱；弱點(diǎn)5. afflictv.使苦惱，折磨afflictionn.痛苦，苦惱，苦難6. excellenta.極好的，杰出的excellencen.優(yōu)秀，卓越，優(yōu)點(diǎn)excellentlyad.優(yōu)秀地，超群地7. progressn.進(jìn)步，發(fā)展，前進(jìn)progressionn.前進(jìn)progressivea.前進(jìn)的，漸進(jìn)的8. disillusionn.覺醒，幻滅disillusionmentn.幻滅感disillusioneda.大失所望的，幻想破滅的IV.1. A;2.C;3.B;4.D;5.B;6.

9、A;7.D;8.B.V. Synonym/AntonymGiveasynonymoranantonymofthewordunderlinedineachsentenceinthesenseitisused.1. AndImanagedtokeepmyhealthandoptimism,toadegree,becauseof14steps.Antonym:pessimism2. Notso.Herehobbledabitterlydisillusionedcripple,amanwhoheldontohissanityandhiswifeandhishomeandhisjobbecauseof1

10、4miserablestepsleadinguptothebackdoorfromhisgarage.Synonym:painfully,desperately3. Shewentintothehouseandamomentlatercameoutbundledinraincoatandhat,followedbyamanwhocalledacheerfulgreeting.Antonym:cheerless,unhappy,gloomy4. Istartedtheengineandthumpedslowlyalong,keepingwelloverontheshoulderuntilIcam

11、etothedirtroad,whereIturnedinthankfully.Synonym:fortunately5. Hewasanoldman,stoopedandfrail-lookingunderhisslicker.Synonym:weak,delicate,feeble6. AsIbecameolder,Ibecamemoredisillusionedandfrustrated.Synonym:disappointed7. IrealizedthatIwasfilledtooverflowingwithself-pity,selfishness,indifferencetoth

12、eneedsofothersandthoughtlessness.Antonym:selflessness,unselfishness8. Therefollowedalongintervalofnoises.Synonym:periodVI.CompoundingWriteineachspacethemeaningofeachgivenword.1. likewiseinthesameway2. underwayinprogress3. carefreewithnoconcern4. forthcomingsoon5. stand-byuse6. user-friendlyuse7. sou

13、ndproofsound8. landlockedlandcomingsomethingreadyforhandytopreventingthepassageofalmost or entirelysurroundedbyPartTwo.GrammarExercises1.NumeralsCardinal基數(shù)numeralsexpressinteger整數(shù)(whole)abstractnumbers,orthenumber/amountofthedeterminednounsinliteralform.Inadditiontobeingnumeralsdeterminingnouns,card

14、inalnumeralsmayalsoworkas:1. adjectives2. nouns3. numeral“one”canalsobeapronounThedifferentwaystoexpress“around”:around,about,nearly,some,moreorless,orso,thereabouts,etc.Ordinal序數(shù)numeralsareusedtoexpressan/theorderinaseries.Inadditiontobeingnumeralsdeterminingnouns,ordinalnumeralsmayalsoworkas:1. ad

15、jectives2. nouns3. adverbsOrdinalnumeralsallowbotharticlesahead.Again,thearticledeterminesthenounonly,notthenumeral.Fractionalnumeralisusedtoexpresspartsofawhole.Commonly,ittakestwoforms:1. Common普通分?jǐn)?shù)/簡分?jǐn)?shù)fractionWorkaccordingtotheformula:Wholes+Numerator/Denominatore.g.12/3=(isequaltoormeans)one(who

16、le)and/plustwothirdsNotethe“s”addedtothedenominator:“thirds”.2. Decimal小數(shù)numbersWorkaccordingtotheformula:Wholenumbers(point)decimalse.g.12.15=(isequaltoormeans)twelvefifteen,ortwelvepointfifteenIdifferentwaystoexpress“around”.I. About100students;2.moreorless40pages;3.Thereare30orsoquestions;4.twoho

17、ursorthereabouts;5.somefourmiles;6.50ish.II.1.anap合一會(huì)兒眼；2.verygoodindeed百里挑一；3.inamess亂七八糟；4.onhandsandknees四腳爬;5.verymuchbetterthanyouare比你強(qiáng)十倍;6.talkingquicklyandcontinuously;7.veryprobably十有八九;8.alotways千萬條路子.III.Correcttheerrorsinthefollowingsentences.1. Hewasnotdueattheofficeforanotherthree-quar

18、ter(attributive-adjective)(threequarters)ofanhour.2. was-were.3. ThisistheworstdisasterIcanrememberinmyplus25years(25yearsplus)asapoliceofficer.4. secondtime-asecondtime.5. see-haveseen.(presentperfect)6. Ittookhimoneandahalfhourstofinishthetask.7. Twenty-nine(beginning)2.Determiners(both,each,eithe

19、rorneither,some,any)Determinersareusedinfrontofnounstoindicatewhetheryouarereferringtosomethingspecificorsomethingofaparticulartype.Bothisusedtoindicatethattheactionorstatedenotedbytheverbappliesindividuallytoeachofthetwoentities.Whenbothisusedwithandtolinkparallelelementsinasentence,thewordsorphras

20、esthatfollowthemshouldcorrespondgrammatically.Bothcanonlycollocatewithpluralcountnouns.e.g.Bothherfingersarebroken.BothMaryandTomlikereadingEnglishnovels.Thephrasebeginningwitheachidentifiesasetofitemswhereinthewordsfollowingeachidentifytheindividualelementsbytheirsharedcharacteristics.Thephraseisgr

21、ammaticallysingularinnumber,soifthephraseisthesubjectofasentence,itsverbisconjugatedintoathird-personsingularform.Similarly,anypronounsthatrefertothenounphrasearesingular.e.g.Eachcandidatehas49votes.Eachvotermustdecideforherself.Eitherandneitherareusedinsentencesconcerningapossiblechoicebetweentwoit

22、ems.Eithercanmeanoneortheother(oftwo)oreachoftwo.e.g.Ivegotteaandcoffee,soyoucanhaveeither.(oneortheother)Theroomhasadoorateitherend.(both)Neithermeansnotthefirstoneandnotthesecondone.e.g.Neitherofthestudentswerelistening.Both,someandanyappearbeforenouns.Someandanymaybeusedwithcountableanduncountabl

23、enouns.e.g.Heboughtsomesandwichesforlunch.HedidntseeanystarswhenhevisitedHollywood.Heatesomecheesewithhissandwiches.t sleep.HeneverdrinksanycoffeeatnightbecausethenhecanIV.Both,both,Neither,either,neither.both,each,either.V. Fillineachoftheblankswithsome,anyoroneoftheircompounds.1. somewhat2. Therep

24、airswillcostsomethingintheregionof$500.3. Iwasamazedthatsome400peoplecametothemeetingtodiscussthenewschemeforashoppingcenter.4. somehow,anything5. anything,something6. Georgeoughttobeabletotellwhetherthatoldplateisvaluable.Heis_something_ofanexpertonchina.7. Whathaveyoubeenupto?Ihaventseen_anything_

25、ofyouforages.8. someVI.1. Inspiteof+noun-2. Itseemedtomethat+clause-PartThree.Translationexercises1. EnglishtoChinese2. 常言道貓有九命，我信這話。因?yàn)槲乙呀?jīng)活第三回了，盡管我并不是貓。3. 我只是一個(gè)一瘸一拐、幻想破滅的殘疾人，一個(gè)憑著攀登車庫和后門之間十四級(jí)令人痛苦的臺(tái)階而努力保持清醒的心智，伴隨妻子、維持家庭和堅(jiān)持工作的人。4. 其后的幾秒鐘一切都好像凝滯了，那一刻的羞恥和驚詫深深的穿透了我的肺腑，我感到了一種從未有過的難受。5. 我意識(shí)到自己極端自憐、自私，對(duì)別人的需要

26、漠不關(guān)心，不為別人著想。II.Chinesetoenglishbe1. 這位電影演員比大多數(shù)人更愿意幫助殘疾人，因?yàn)樗约菏昵霸羞^風(fēng)。inclinedto)Thisfilmactorismoreinclinedthanmostpeopletohelpthehandicappedbecausehehimselfsufferedastroketenyearsago.2. Theoldmanisafflictedwithrheumatism,buthestillgoesjoggingandmountain-climbingeveryday.3. 美國金融制度中的一些缺陷始終沒有得到足夠的重視，最

27、終釀成了災(zāi)難性的后果。(leadto)SomeoftheflawsintheAmericanfinancialsystem,whichhadneverreceiveddueattention，eventuallyledtodisastrousconsequences.4. Heheldontohissharesofthatcompanywhenthepricesweredroppingsharplyladtyear.Noehehasmadeafortune.5. 趕快斷了這個(gè)念頭吧這個(gè)想法太瘋狂了，根本不值得考慮。(dismiss)Justdismisstheideafromyourmindi

28、tscrazyandnotworththinkingaboutatall.6. WewereallsettoleavefortheholidayinNewYorkwhenthe39/11incidentshookthewholeworld.7. IfyouthinkIhaveamagicformulatosolvetheproblem,youareboundtobedisillusioned.8. ThatJapanesecompanysucceededinpenetratingtheUSTVmarket.VIWritingPracticeParagraphdevelopmentAnalogy

29、Writersveryoftenexplainsomethingthatisnewordifficultbycomparingittosomethingthatthereaderalreadyknowswell.Whensuchacomparisoniscarriedthroughindetail,wecallitananalogy.Creativeanalogiesarealwaysimpressiveandinspiring.Theyarousereadersinterestandmakethemwanttoreadmore.Someanalogiesmayappearstrangeand

30、weirdatfirstsight,buttheycanopenourmindstoseeoursubjectinnewandinterestingways.Exercises:Writetwoparagraphsbasedonthefollowingtopicsentenceswiththeanalogystrategy.1. Elderlypeoplearelikebabies.Ideasforreference:Theyneedthecareandinterventionofothers.Theyrelyontheirfamiliesforemotionalsupport.Sample:

31、Elderlypeoplearelikebabies.Babiescomeintotheworldwithnoteeth,theelderlyleavewithnoteethtoo.Themostobvioussimilaritybetweenelderlypeopleandbabiesisthattheyneedthecareandinterventionofothers.Theymaydependuponsomeoneforsomethingassimpleasmovingfromplacetoplace.Manyelderlypeopleandinfantscannotwalkwitho

32、utassistance.Apersonweakwithagemaysitinawheelchairalldayandrequireotherstopushthem.Mostimportantly,theybothneedothersextraattention.Theyarenotsosociallyactivesotheyrelymoreontheirfamiliesforemotionalsupport.Babiesandoldpeople,youhavetolovethem,theyarethemostlovablepeopleintheworld.Elderlypeopleareli

33、kebabies.Firstofall,elderlypeoplearephysicallyvulnerablejustlikebabies.Theyaresoeasilytakenillwhenevertheweatherchangesdrastically.Whenacoldwavestrikes,elderlypeopleareaslikelytocatchacoldasbabiesdoandtheymayalsohavebloodpressureproblemsorevendevelopothermoreseriousconditions.Second,manypeopleofadva

34、ncedagesseemtoreturntothestateofignorancetypicalofthena?vechild.Thatiswhywehavecomeacrosssomanystoriesofcriminalfraudsthathavevictimizedretired,elderlypeople.Lastbutnotleast,elderlypeopleneedtheiradultchildrensextraattentionjustasmuchasbabieswanttheirparentsloveandcare.Theyarenolongerassociallyactiveastheyusedtoby;theyrelyevermoreontheirfamiliesforemotionalsupport.However,inmanydomesticsituations,theyfeelleftout,andevendeliberatelyignored.Whentheyareinemotionaltrouble,theyarenotabletohandleiteffectivelyandskillfully.Theywanttheirchildrenscompanyasmuchastheirchildrensb