冠詞專項改錯上課講義

1、如有侵權(quán)請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除一、冠詞殘缺（一）缺少不定冠詞a/an單數(shù)可數(shù)泛指某一不確定的人或事物，應(yīng)加不定冠詞a/an。單數(shù)名詞有形容詞修飾的，冠詞放在形容詞前面，而非名詞前面。冠詞后的名詞或者形容詞首音為輔音的，加a;單詞首音為元音的，加an。注意：有些單詞首字母是元音字母，但首音并不發(fā)元音的，其前的不定冠詞要用a。如：university,useful,usual,Europe（首音均發(fā)半元音j）,one（首音為w）有些單詞首字母是輔音字母，但首音卻發(fā)元音的，其前的不定冠詞an。如：hour,honest,honorable,unusual1、冠詞后的名詞前有形容詞的情形(此種情形由于被分割，

2、很容易忽略，考得也最多)：(2013O1)ItissuchgreathotelthatIwouldrecommendittoanyfriendofmewhoisgoingtoBeijing.(2010O2)Inotherwords,wewouldbeseparatedlongtime.(2007O2)ImeanttowritelongletterandtellyouallthethingsI'mdoingatschool,butthebellwasringing,soIjusthavetostophere.(2005O3)Ihopeyou'vehadpleasantjourne

3、yhomeandwillcometoChinaagainsometimesinthefuture.(2002O2)Aseveryoneknows.it'sfamousmountainwithallkindsofplantsandanimal.(2000春)I'lltakethischancewishyouwonderfultimeonyourbirthday.2、冠詞后的名詞前無形容詞的情形：Ifyou'dliketomaketriptoourcitysomeday,Iwillbebetterthanhappytobeyourguide.(2004O2)I'ms

4、uretheywilllaughtomeandseemeasfool.(2010O1)TherewasUncleChen,gentlemanlivingnearmyhouse,whowasaverymuchfamouswriter.3、注意固定詞組中的冠詞不能缺少。(2014N1)Asresult,theplantsaregrowingsomewhere.4 .在such或so+形容詞與單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞連用時，不可缺a(an)。如：HeissuchA(an)honestboythatallofuslikehim.ThisissogoodA(a)bookthatIreaditagain.5 .表示“

5、有些"時，little,few前面不可缺少a。如：Don'thurry.ThereisA(a)littletimeleft.6 .many前有g(shù)reat,good時，要力口a。如：A(a)greatmanypeople.若many后接單數(shù)名詞，中間須有a(an)。如：ManyA(a)manhastrieditbefore.7 .一些不可數(shù)名詞前，有形容詞修飾表示“一種（場）等”時，要加a（an）。如：It'sA（a）famousChinesetea.TherewasA（a）heavyrainlastnight.8 .用專有名詞表示“一個像（叫）的人”時，用a（an）,

6、精品資料如有侵權(quán)請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除如：HewishedtobeA(a)LeiFeng.A(A)MrWangcalledyouupjustnow.(二)缺少定冠詞the1.特指某一個人或者事物，特指某一些人或事物(即說話者和聽話者都知道的人或者事物)名詞前須用定冠詞the加以限定?？荚囶}中的特指線索：一是前文已提到過的人或者事物，二是已有專有名詞修飾。但若名詞前已有等限定詞或者修飾語時，則不能再加定冠詞了。特指某一個人或者事物:(2013O2)Asaresult,nobodyknewtruth.(2013N2)Thiscustomsoonbecomesanothermealofday.(2009O2

7、)JustbeforeIturnedcornerofParkStreet,Ihappenedtoseeanaccident.(2008O2)Second,IwilllearnmoreabouthistoryoftheOlympicsasgoodasthe2008OlympicGames.(1998)Eachplayermustobeycaptain,whoistheleaderoftheteam.特指某一些人或者事物：(2011O1)OneofmyunforgettablememoryofmyschoolinXinjiangisthatofluncheswebroughtfromourhome

8、s.2.“形容詞比較級+ofthetwo”前必須用the。如：HeisA(the)betteroneofthetwo.、冠詞多余1 .在一些固定短語或者詞組中，有些名詞即使是可數(shù)名詞，其前面也沒有不定冠詞。這可能是由于習(xí)慣使然。(NMET2000)Suddenly,IcaughtasightofmyEnglishteacherinthecrowd.(2013年NI)Inafact,heevenscaredmyclassmatesawayduringtheycameovertoplayordohomeworkwith。2 .與介詞at,in,to連用的名詞school,class,town,ho

9、spital,church,prison,bed等表示與其有關(guān)的活動時，用冠詞是多余的。如：gototheschool(上學(xué)),beintheprison(坐牢)，beinthebed(在睡覺)3 .與by連用的交通工具名稱和air,land,sea等名詞前用冠詞是多余的。如：bythebike,bythesea,bythetrain4 .表示游戲活動而不是表示游戲工具的名詞前不用冠詞。如：playthe/avolleyball,playthechess,playthetabletennis5 .由“專有名詞+普通名詞”構(gòu)成的專有名詞前不用定冠詞。如：theBeijingAirport,the

10、OxfordStreet,theHydePark6 .在一些固定搭配中。如：atthefirst,atthelast,themostofus7 .most作"非常”解時，前面用the是多余的。如：Oh!It'sthemostbeautiful!Sheisthemostdiligent.精品資料如有侵權(quán)請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除8 .含有Day的節(jié)日前加the是多余的。如：theMayDay,theWomen'sDay,theNationalday,theNewYear'sDay9 .在“名詞+as/though”結(jié)構(gòu)中，名詞前不用任何冠詞。如：achildasheis/a

11、foolasheis三、錯詞：不定冠詞和定冠詞之間的誤用在短文中首次的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，泛指一個事物時，須用不定冠詞a。AnAmericanandaFrenchmandecidedtocrosstheseabetweenFranceandEnglandintheballoonin1784.前文已提到過的人或者事物，須有定冠詞the加以限定。Manycountriesintheworldfindtheydon'thaveenoughwater.Todealwithaproblem,Ithink,weshouldfirstgoallouttoplanttreesbecausetreeswill

12、helpsavewater.已有same修飾的名詞，須有定冠詞the加以限定。Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderasameroof,butwedonotseemtogetmuchtimetotalkabouttogether.四、冠詞和代詞、數(shù)詞之間的誤用Myteacheradvisedmetokeepmydiary.（keepadiary是一個固定詞組，“t己日t己“；而keepmydiary意思是“保留我的日記”）Somewantedtoseetheprogrammewhileotherspreferredanother.（oneanother也是固定搭配，二者往往成

13、對出現(xiàn)。）真題單句歸納（1） Afterahourorsowebegantofeelveryfrightened.（a改為an,因hour讀音以元音開頭）（全國卷）（2） Idecidedtoclimbthetreetoseewherewewere.（the改為a,因此處并非特指，而是泛指）（全國卷）（3） Somepeoplereadthebooksorwatchtelevisionwhileothershavesports.（去掉the,因這里的books表泛指，不表特指）（全國卷）（4） Goodhealthisperson'smostvaluablepossession.（pe

14、rson's前加a,這里的a表泛指）（全國卷）（5） Modernpeopleknowmoreaboutthehealth,havebetterfood,andliveinclearersurrounding（5） 去掉the,因health表泛指）（全國卷）（6） ThereispubliclibraryineverytowninBritain.（publiclibrary前加a,因這里的publiclibrary是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表泛指，故在其前用a）（全國卷）（7） Maybeyoucouldcomeduringawinterholidays.（a改為the,因從含義上看，此處的wi

15、nterholidays屬特指或者是談話雙方都知道的）（全國卷）（8） TodayIvisitedtheSmithsmyfirstvisittoaAmericanfamily.（a改為an,因American的讀音以元音開頭）（全國卷）（9）Eachplayermustobeycaptain,whoistheleaderoftheteam.（captain前加冠詞the,captain為特指）（全國卷）精品資料如有侵權(quán)請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除(10) Somewantedtoseetheprogrammewhileotherspreferredanother.(the改為one,one與下一行的anot

16、her構(gòu)成”一個另一個")(全國卷)(11) I'lltakethischancetowishyouwonderfultimeonyourbirthday.(wonderful前加a,該表達(dá)與haveagoodtime類似，其中的a不可省)(北京春季卷)(12)Suddenly,IcaughtasightofmyEnglishteacherinthecrowd.(去掉a,catchsightof是習(xí)語，意為“看見、瞥見”)(全國卷)(13)Forexample,whenIwasachild,therainwasamystery(奧秘).(去掉the,rain在此泛指)(北京春

17、季卷)(14)Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderasameroof.(a改為the,因same前應(yīng)用定冠詞)(全國卷)(15) Aseveryoneknows,it'sfamousmountainwithallkindsofplantsandanimals.(在famous前加a,注意mountain是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞)(全國卷)(16)Myteacheradvisedmetokeepmydiary.(mydiary改為adiary,keepadiary意為“寫日記")(全國卷)(17) WhenIwasboy,themostexcitingthingwas

18、tocelebratetheSpringFestival.(boy前加a,因boy為可數(shù)名詞)(江蘇卷)(18) Andeveryyearmoreandmorepeoplestartastampcollectionoftheirownanddiscoveraninterestwhichcanevenlastlifetime.(lifetime前加a,指人的一生是alifetime)(浙江卷)(19)Tenminuteslater,thefiremencameandputoutfire.(fire前力口the,因這是特指的一場火災(zāi))(福建卷)(20)Aswealllefthomeatearlya

19、ge,(early前加an,atanearlyage意為“在年幼時”)(天津卷)(21)Mygrandmawasthebestcookerintheworldbutcouldmakethemostdeliciousdishes.(cooker改為cook,比較：8。卜=炊事員，cooker=炊具)(江蘇卷)模擬單句演練(1)Hersister,whoisnurse,willmarryoneofthedoctorsinthehospital.(2)Itwassuchwonderfuldinnerthatweenjoyeditverymuch.(3)Itwasraininghard,soIhadt

20、oborrowaumbrella.(4)MyfriendMarycomesfromanEuropeancountry.(5)MrSmithusedtobephysicsteachertillheturnedwriter.(6)Insmallvillagelikethis,everybodyknowseverybodyelse.(7)Onlyfewofthechildrencanreadsuchbooks.(8)Forlongtimeneitherofusspoketoeachother.(9)Look,agirlinblueismycousin.(10) Look!Acarhasstopped

21、there.Acarisbeautiful.(11)Sheaskedwhetherwecamefromasamecity.(12) Themountainwascoveredwiththesnowalltheyearround.(13)Youdon'tknowwhatwonderfultimewe'vehad.(14) Peoplemadethefunofherbecausesheworesuchstrangeclothes.(15)Soontheplanewasoutofthesight.(16) Greatchangeshavetakentheplaceinmyhometo

22、wnsince1978.(17)Intheword,heisagoodstudentandallofuslikehim.(18) Yousayyoutookthebookwithouthispermission.Intheotherwords,youstoleit.精品資料如有侵權(quán)請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除少冠詞1.Thisissoimportantmeetingthateveryonemustattendit.2.Themeetingturnedouttobefailure.3.IwillcallonGreensthisevening.4, In19805, manyfarmersrushedintot

23、hecitiestotrytheirluck.5.Sheismorebeautifulofthetwins.6.Pleasepassmepenonthedesk.7.Ifoundanotebookandpencilwhenthedooropened.8.Whathewantedtodoatthattimewastohavebigdinner.9.Whatwonderfultimeyouhadattheparty!10. WewenttoSummerPalaceyesterday.冠詞模擬單句演練【參考答案】(1) nurse前加a,因nurse為可數(shù)名詞。(2) such后加a,dinner受形容詞修飾時，其前通常要加不定冠詞。(3)a改為an,因umbrella的讀音以元音開頭。(4)an改為a,因European的讀音不是以元音開頭。(5)physics前加a,因teacher為可數(shù)名詞。(6)small前加a,因village為可數(shù)名詞，在句中