牛津上海版7AUnit2知識點(diǎn)及語法點(diǎn)

1、U2一、必會單詞1. officer n. 官員；高級官員 【詞性轉(zhuǎn)換】office n. 辦公室e.g. A police officer came to help when our car broke down on the way. 我們的汽車在路上出了毛病，一位警官幫了我們的忙。2. society n. 社團(tuán)； 協(xié)會 【詞性轉(zhuǎn)換】social adj. 協(xié)會的； 社會的e.g. the Chemical Society of China 中國化學(xué)學(xué)會3. prevention n. 預(yù)防；防止；防范 【詞性轉(zhuǎn)換】prevent v. 預(yù)防；防止e.g. Prevention is b

2、etter than cure. 預(yù)防勝于治療。批注：prevent和protect，很多孩子分辨不清楚，還應(yīng)該讓孩子注意protect的名詞形式是protection。4. cruelty n.殘酷 【詞性轉(zhuǎn)換】cruel adj. 殘酷的；悲慘的e.g. cruelty to children 虐待兒童5.someone pron. 某人 【近義詞】somebody pron. 某人；有人e.g. Someone wants to talk with you. 有人想和你談話。6. puppy n. 小狗；幼犬 【提示】dog一般用來指“成年狗”或表示狗的總稱；puppy特指小狗，復(fù)數(shù)形式

3、為puppies7. thirsty adj. 口渴的 【詞性轉(zhuǎn)換】thirst n. 口渴e.g. I often feel thirsty when its very hot. 天熱時(shí)，我常感到口渴。8. lovely adj. 可愛的； 有吸引力的e.g. The house has many large rooms and there is a lovely garden.批注：以-ly結(jié)尾的單詞的詞性問題探討： adj. + ly adv. quick +ly quickly n. + ly adj. friend + ly friendly 9. as prep. 作為；當(dāng)作e.g

4、. She works as an interpreter in that company. 她在那個(gè)公司擔(dān)任口譯員的工作。10. prefer v. 更喜歡【注意】prefer A to B 喜歡A 而不喜歡B； 喜歡A 勝過B prefer A rather than B 寧愿A也不要Be.g. Do you prefer coffee or tea? 你喜歡咖啡還是茶？ - I prefer coffee to tea. 我喜歡咖啡勝過茶。11. care n. 照顧；照料 【詞性轉(zhuǎn)換】care v. 關(guān)心；照料e.g. The baby needs a lot of care. 這嬰兒

5、需要精心照料。 I dont care much about going to the party. 我不太想去參加晚會。批注：這個(gè)單詞在預(yù)初上冊Unit2就已經(jīng)學(xué)過，此時(shí)，可以采取讓孩子講解， v. care for 照顧 喜歡 care about 關(guān)心 在意 n. take care of 照顧 with great care 細(xì)心地 adj. careful-副詞carefully 對小心be careful with careless名詞carelessness12. take care of 照看；照料；照顧 【近義詞】look after 照看；照顧e.g. Take care

6、of your younger brother while I am away. 當(dāng)我不在的時(shí)候，你要照顧好弟弟。13. special adj. 特殊的；特別的 【詞性轉(zhuǎn)換】specialist n. 專家e.g. It is a very special place. 這是一個(gè)非常特別的地方。14. blind adj. 瞎的；失明的e.g. He is blind in one eye. 他的一只眼睛瞎了。批注：deaf adj. 聾的15. safely adv. 安全地【詞性轉(zhuǎn)換】save v. 拯救 safe adj. 安全的 safety n. 安全16. police n. 警

7、方 【詞性轉(zhuǎn)換】policeman n. 警方【提示】police 作“警察；警務(wù)人員”解釋時(shí)，是集合名詞，是復(fù)數(shù)概念。因此，謂語動詞的使用要特別注意。e.g. There were over 200 police on duty. 有200多名警察在執(zhí)勤。17. thief n. 竊賊；小偷 【知識擴(kuò)展】 thieves thief 的復(fù)數(shù) theft n. 盜竊案e.g. The police worked out a plan to catch the thief. 警察定下了捉賊的計(jì)劃。批注：以-f或 fe結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)：1）變-f, -fe 為-ves: half ,knife,

8、leaf, self, thief, wife, life, loaf, shelf, wolf 等。2）直接加-s: belief, gulf, reef, dwarf, chief, proof, cliff等18. hunt v. 獵?。?【詞性轉(zhuǎn)換】hunter n. 獵人e.g. Young lions have to learn to hunt. 幼獅得學(xué)會捕食。二、必會語法I祈使句一、基本概念祈使句通常用來表示命令、請求、禁止、建議、警告等語氣。它的主語you(聽話人)通常省略；謂語動詞一律用原形；句末用驚嘆號或句號；用降調(diào)來讀。祈使無主語，you常被省去；動原當(dāng)謂語，否定加do

9、nt ;朗讀用降調(diào)，驚嘆和句號。祈使句二、基本分類否定祈使句肯定祈使句 且看祈使六兄弟大哥V：I can do it！三、用法詳解 1、大哥V1）類型 Do型 2）檔案 V(代表行為動詞原形)+賓語+其它成分3）表演 Close the window. 關(guān)上窗戶。 Help yourself to some fish. 隨便吃點(diǎn)魚吧。二哥B：別逼我!2、二哥B 1）類型 Be型2）檔案 Be+表語(名詞/形容詞等)+其它成分3）表演Be a good student!做個(gè)好學(xué)生！ Be quiet! 安靜！三哥L：我很快樂！3、三哥L 1）類型 Let型2）檔案 Let+賓語+動詞原形+其它成

10、分3）表演 Lets go home!咱們回家吧！ Let her in. 讓她進(jìn)來。Let型的否定式有兩種：Don't + let + 賓語 + 動詞原形 + 其它成分Let + 賓語 + not + 動詞原形 + 其它成分如：Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 別讓他走。四哥P：關(guān)我P事！4、四哥P 1）類型客氣委婉please型2）檔案 Please+動詞短語(please也可放在句尾，其前加逗號)3）表演Please sit down.=Sit down, please.請坐。五弟D：別理我！5、五弟D 1）類型Dont型2）檔案 D

11、ont+動詞原形+其它成分3）表演 Dont be late. 不要遲到。 Dont read in the sun.別在陽光下看書。六弟N：No,No,No!6、六弟N 1）類型No型2）檔案 No+名詞或動名詞(是日常生活中常見的警示語)3）表演 No photos!禁止拍照！ No smoking! 嚴(yán)禁吸煙！No passing!禁止通行！ No litter! 不準(zhǔn)亂扔雜物！祈使"六兄弟"秘籍：祈使句，無主語，只用謂語就可以。表示請求或命令，加上please表客氣。Stand up, please！ 請起立！Come here. 來這里。如果變成否定句，Dont開

12、頭是規(guī)律。No fishing！是警示語，祈使用法要牢記。練習(xí)： 1. Boys and girls, up your hands if you want to take part in the summer camp. A. putting B. to put C. put D. putted2. “ exercise every day, my child. Its good for your health.” Father said.A. Taking B. To take C. Take D. Takes3. this kind of peach, and you will like

13、it.A. To try B. Trying C. Try D. Tried4. Her doctor said, “ work so hard.” A. Stop B. Dont C. Cant D. No5. him the secret, will you? A. Dont tell B. Not to tell C. Not telling D. No telling 6. to be here at 8 oclock，Sandy. A. Is sure B. Is sure that C. Will be sure D. Be sure 7. _draw a monkey.A. Le

14、t B. Lets C. Let's D. lets 8._paking here, sir!A. Do B. Dont C. No D. NotKeys: CCCB ADCC考察點(diǎn)：1.祈使句用動詞原形 2.并列連詞and和or（否則）7、高頻考點(diǎn)1）祈使句+and/or+一般將來時(shí)的陳述句典型例題1. more , and youll improve your spoken English. A. Speak B. Speaks C. Speaking D. To speak 2. Hurry up, _ you cant finish the work on time. A. a

15、nd B. so C. but D. or Keys: AD2）三哥let型的反義疑問句Let's包括聽話者，Let us不包括聽話者。用于反意疑問句時(shí)最明顯。Let's go to see the film, shall we? 咱們?nèi)タ措娪?，好嗎？（表征求意見或提建議）Let us go to see the film, will you? 讓我們?nèi)タ措娪?，好嗎？（表委婉客氣的請求?練習(xí)： 1. Lets search the Internet for some information about famous people, ?A. will you B. wont y

16、ou C. shall we 2. Please let us remove the bookshelf for you, _?A. will you B. wont you C. shall we Keys: CA特殊疑問句I構(gòu) 成：疑問詞+一般疑問句what（什么）， who（誰）， whose（誰的）， which（哪個(gè)）， when（何時(shí)）， where（哪里）， why（為何）， how（怎樣），how long（多久，多長時(shí)間）， how far（多遠(yuǎn)）， how often（多久一次），how soon（多快，多久以后）， how many（問數(shù)量-可數(shù)名詞）how much（問

17、價(jià)錢；問數(shù)量-不可數(shù)名詞），how old（問年齡）等。II疑問詞： III解題步驟： 根據(jù)劃線部分確定疑問詞將句子變作一般疑問句去劃線部分加問號例如：對劃線部分提問 1. They are looking for bag.(對畫線部分提問）-What are you looking for？2. There are twelve students.(同上）-How many students are there？V疑問詞的選擇：1對指物名詞或謂語動詞提出疑問，疑問詞用what；關(guān)于what的其他疑問詞：what color：例如： What is that? What are you doi

18、ng? What color is the shirt? 2對修飾名詞的定語提出疑問，疑問詞應(yīng)用which，而且通常和名詞連用。 例如：Which book is yours? 3對指人名詞或代詞提問用who，作賓語時(shí)提問用whom。  例如：Who is that boy? Whom / Who did you give that book to?   4對物主代詞和名詞所有格提問用whose。 例如：Whose computer is that?5 對具體時(shí)間提出疑問，如 in the morning, last Sunday等，疑問詞用when； 例如：Wh

19、en did you finished your homework?對具體幾點(diǎn)鐘提問，疑問詞應(yīng)用what time。 例如：What time do you usually get up?6對具體地點(diǎn)提出疑問，疑問詞應(yīng)用where。         例如：Where do you come from?7對表原因的從句提問，常見的有because引導(dǎo)的從句，疑問詞應(yīng)用why。 例如：Why are you late for school?8對方式或程度等提出疑問，用疑問詞How。 例如：How do you

20、 like China?9對數(shù)量提出疑問，疑問詞為How many，要注意how many必須跟名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。 例如：How many birds are there in the tree?10對價(jià)格提出疑問，疑問詞用How much。 例如：How much is that pen?11對時(shí)間、長度提出疑問，疑問詞應(yīng)用How long。 例如： How long is that ruler? How long have you stay in Shanghai?12對時(shí)間頻率，如 once a year, twice a week等提問，疑問詞用How often（難點(diǎn)）。 例如：How

21、 often do you go to school?              對具體次數(shù)，如 once, twice, three times等提問，疑問詞用How many times。比較：對劃線部分提問：1I usually go to visit my grandpa three times a month. 2I usually go to visit my grandpa three times a month. Keys: 1. How often do you usually go to visit your grandpa? 2.How many times do you usually go to visit your grandpa? 13對in一段時(shí)間提問，疑問詞一般用Ho