軟件工程復(fù)習(xí)英文

1、1. Which question no longer concerns the modern software engineer? （a） 現(xiàn)如今的軟件工程師不再考慮以下哪個(gè)問題？ a. Why does computer hardware cost so much? 計(jì)算機(jī)硬件為什么如此昂貴 b. Why does software take a long time to finish? c. Why does it cost so much to develop a piece of software? d. Why can't software errors be remove

2、d from products prior to delivery? 2. Software deteriorates rather than wears out because（c） 軟件通常是變壞而不是磨損的原因是 a. Software suffers from exposure to hostile environments b. Defects are more likely to arise after software has been used often c. Multiple change requests introduce errors in component int

3、eractions 在組件交互中需求發(fā)生變化導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)誤 d. Software spare parts become harder to order 3. Most software continues to be custom built because（d）大多數(shù)軟件產(chǎn)品是定制的原因是 a. Component reuse is common in the software world b. Reusable components are too expensive to use c. Software is easier to build without using someone els

4、e's components. d. Off the shelf software components are not commonly available 現(xiàn)成的軟件組件不常用4. The nature of software applications can be characterized by their information（d） 軟件應(yīng)用的本質(zhì)可以被特色化，通過他們信息的 a. complexity b. content 內(nèi)容 c. determinacy （確定性） d. choices "b" and "c"5. Adding

5、 more people to a project that is already behind schedule is a good way to catch up. （F）添加更多的人到一個(gè)項(xiàng)目，已經(jīng)落后于時(shí)間表是趕上一個(gè)很好的方式6. Change cannot be easily accommodated in most software systems, unless a system was designed with change in mind.（T） 需求變化不適應(yīng)于大多數(shù)的軟件系統(tǒng)，除非軟件在設(shè)計(jì)之初便考慮了變化因素7. Which of the items listed

6、below is not one of the software engineering layers?（b）下面列出的項(xiàng)目是不是一個(gè)軟件工程的層？ a. Process b. Manufacturing 制造業(yè) c. Methods d. Tools8. What are the three generic phases of software engineering? （a） 軟件工程的三個(gè)一般的階段是 a. definition, development, support 定義階段、開發(fā)階段、維護(hù)階段 b. what, how, where c. programming, debuggi

7、ng, maintenance d. analysis, design, testing 9. Which of these terms is a level name in the Capability Maturity Model?（b） a. Ad hoc b. Repeatable 可重復(fù)的 c. Reusable d. Organized 10. The linear sequential model of software development is （a） 軟件開發(fā)中的線性模型是 a. A reasonable approach when requirements are we

8、ll defined. 當(dāng)需求被良好定義時(shí)的合理開發(fā)方式。 b. A good approach when a working program is required quickly. c. The best approach to use for projects with large development teams. d. An old fashioned model that is rarely used any more. 11.The prototyping model of software development is （b）軟件開發(fā)中的原型模型是 a. A reasonab

9、le approach when requirements are well defined. b. A useful approach when a customer cannot define requirements clearly. 當(dāng)客戶無法清晰定義需求時(shí)的有效開發(fā)方式 c. The best approach to use for projects with large development teams. d. A risky model that rarely produces a meaningful product. 6. The rapid application dev

10、elopment model is （c）快速開發(fā)模型是 a. Another name for component-based development. b. A useful approach when a customer cannot define requirements clearly. c. A high speed adaptation of the linear sequential model. 線性順序模型的高速適應(yīng)方式 d. All of the above. 7. The incremental model of software development is（b）

11、軟件開發(fā)中的增量模型是 a. A reasonable approach when requirements are well defined. b. A good approach when a working core product is required quickly. 當(dāng)核心產(chǎn)品需要被迅速開發(fā)時(shí)的良好開發(fā)方式 c. The best approach to use for projects with large development teams. d. A revolutionary model that is not used for commercial products.

12、8. The spiral model of software development（c） 螺旋開發(fā)模型 a. Ends with the delivery of the software product b. Is more chaotic than the incremental model c. Includes project risks evaluation during each iteration在每個(gè)迭代中都包括項(xiàng)目風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估 d. All of the above 1. One of the most difficult parts of software requireme

13、nts analysis is ensuring the developer understands the customer's needs.（T）軟件需求分析中最困難的部分之一是確保開發(fā)人員了解客戶的需求。2. Which of these people would not be likely to part of the FAST team? （a） a. software engineers b. developing representative c. marketing representatives d. senior financial officers3. Which

14、 of these requirements are not considered during quality function deployment(QFD)?（a） a. exciting requirements b. expected requirement c. normal requirements d. technology requirements 4. Information flow represents the manner in which data and control （b）信息流表示其中數(shù)據(jù)及控制以這樣的方式 a. are related to one ano

15、ther. b. change as each moves through the system. 轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)檎麄€(gè)系統(tǒng)的每個(gè)動(dòng)作。 c. will be implemented in the final design. d. none of the above. 5. In the context of requirements analysis, two types of problem partitioning are （a）在需求分析的背景下，兩種類型的問題劃分為 a. bottom-up and top-down b. horizontal and vertical c. subordin

16、ate and superordinate d. none of the above 6. Which view should be considerd first during software requirements analysis?（c） 在軟件需求分析中哪個(gè)看法首先應(yīng)該考慮的？ a. actor view b. data view c. essential view d. implementation view7. Which of the following is not a principle that should be followed when creating a sp

17、ecification?以下哪一項(xiàng)不是必須建立一個(gè)規(guī)范時(shí)，應(yīng)遵循一個(gè)原則？（b） a. create a cognitive model rather than a design model b. make sure the specification dots every "i" and crosses every "t" c. Establish the context in which software operates d. separate functionality from implementation8. Which of the fol

18、lowing is not a guideline for representing requirements?（d） a. diagrams should be restricted in number and consistent in use b. representation format and content should be relevant to the content c. representations should be revisable d. use no more than 7 plus or minus 2 colors in any diagrams 1. T

19、he state transition diagram （d）狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換圖 a. depicts relationships between data objects b. depicts functions that transform the data flow c. indicates how data are transformed by the system d. indicates system reactions to external events 用于顯示系統(tǒng)反應(yīng)外部事件2. The data model consists of three pieces of interrel

20、ated information （d） a. attributes b. data objects c. relationships d. all of the above 3. The relationships shown in a data model must be classified to show their（c）在一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)模型中顯示的關(guān)系必須被分類，以顯示他們的 a. Width and depth b. Directionality and reliability c. cardinality and modality 基數(shù)和方式 d. probability and ri

21、sk 4. For purposes of behavior modeling a state is any （c） 對(duì)于行為建模的目的，一個(gè)狀態(tài)是任何 a. consumer or producer of data. b. data object hierarchy. c. observable mode of behavior. 觀察到的行為模式 d. well defined process. 5. The data dictionary contains descriptions of each software（b） 數(shù)據(jù)字典包含了每個(gè)軟件的說明 a. configuration i

22、tem b. data object 數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)象 c. diagram d. notation 6. The data flow diagram must be augmented by descriptive text in order to describe the functional requirements for a software product. （T） 數(shù)據(jù)流圖必須通過描述性文本以描述為一個(gè)軟件產(chǎn)品的功能性要求進(jìn)行擴(kuò)充。1. Which of the following is not an area of concern in the design model? （d） 以下

23、哪一項(xiàng)不是在設(shè)計(jì)模式關(guān)注的一個(gè)區(qū)域？ a. architecture b. data c. interfaces d. project scope 項(xiàng)目范圍2. The importance of software design can be summarized in a single word （d）軟件設(shè)計(jì)的重要性，可以歸納為一個(gè)字 a. accuracy b. complexity c. efficiency d. quality 質(zhì)量3. Which of these is a characteristic of a good design? （b） 哪一個(gè)良好的設(shè)計(jì)特點(diǎn)？ a. e

24、xhibits strong coupling between its modules b. implements all requirements in the analysis model 實(shí)現(xiàn)在分析模型中的所有規(guī)定 c. includes test cases for all components d. incorporates source code for descriptive purposes 5. The control hierarchy represents the （b）控制層次代表了 a. decision order b. organization of module

25、s 組織模塊 c. repetition of operations d. sequence of processes6. Software procedure focuses on the （c）軟件過程關(guān)注于 a. control hierarchy in a more abstract sense. b. processing details of each module individually. c. processing details of each the set of modules collectively. 每個(gè)處理的細(xì)節(jié)的模塊集合統(tǒng)稱 d. relationship b

26、etween control and procedure.7 To achieve high modularity of software components you need （C）為了達(dá)到你需要的軟件組件的高度模塊化 a. high coupling and high cohesion b. high coupling and low cohesion c. low coupling and high cohesion 低耦合和高聚合 d. low coupling and low cohesion8. Cohesion is a qualitative indication of th

27、e degree to which a module （b） 凝聚力是在何種程度上一個(gè)模塊的定性指示 a. can be written more compactly. b. focuses on just one thing. 專注于一件事 c. is able to complete its function in a timely manner. d. is connected to other modules and the outside world. 9. Coupling is a qualitative indication of the degree to which a m

28、odule （d）耦合是一個(gè)模塊在何種程度上定性指標(biāo) a. can be written more compactly. b. focuses on just one thing. c. is able to complete its function in a timely manner. d. is connected to other modules and the outside world. 連接到其他的模塊和外界1. In transaction mapping the first level factoring results in the（c） 在事務(wù)處理映射的第一層因子分解結(jié)

29、果在 a. creation of a CFD b. derivation of the control hierarchy c. distribution of worker modules 職工的模塊分布 d. refinement of the module view 2. A necessary supplement to transform or transaction mapping needed to create a complete architectural design is （c）一個(gè)必要的補(bǔ)充，改造或交易映射需要建立一個(gè)完整的體系結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) a. entity rela

30、tionship diagrams b. the data dictionary c. processing narratives for each module 每個(gè)模塊的處理敘述 d. test cases for each module 1. Which of the following interface design principles does not allow the user to remain in control of the interaction with a computer? （d）以下哪項(xiàng)界面設(shè)計(jì)原則不允許用戶保持與計(jì)算機(jī)的交互控制？ a. allow int

31、eraction to interruptible b. allow interaction to be undoable c. hide technical internals from casual users d. only provide one rigidly defined method for accomplishing a task 只為完成任務(wù)提供1個(gè)嚴(yán)格的定義方法2. Which of the following interface design principles reduce the user's memory load? （d）以下哪項(xiàng)界面設(shè)計(jì)原則減少用戶的

32、記憶負(fù)擔(dān)？ a. define intuitive shortcuts 定義直觀的快捷鍵 b. disclose information in a progressive以循序漸進(jìn)的信息公開 c. establish meaningful defaults 建立有意義的默認(rèn)值 d. all of the above 3. Interface consistency implies that （a）接口的一致性意味著 a. input mechanisms remain the same throughout the application 整個(gè)應(yīng)用程序輸入的機(jī)制保持不變 b. each app

33、lication should have its own distinctive look and feel c. application methods are context sensitive d. answers a and b 4. the implementers of the system create a（c） a. design model b. user model c. system image 系統(tǒng)映像 d. system perception 5. The following common design issues surface for almost every

34、user interface: （b） 以下常見的設(shè)計(jì)問題的表面，幾乎每一個(gè)用戶界面： a. adaptive user profiles and functional shortcuts b. error handling and system response time 錯(cuò)誤處理和系統(tǒng)響應(yīng)時(shí)間 c. resolution of graphics displays and design of icons d. none of the above 1. Which of the following is not a fundamental structured programming cons

35、truct? （a）下列哪項(xiàng)不是一個(gè)根本性的結(jié)構(gòu)化編程結(jié)構(gòu)？ a. recursion(遞歸) b. condition c. repetition d. sequence 2. Which of these is a graphical notation for depicting procedural detail?（a） 哪一項(xiàng)是描繪程序細(xì)節(jié)的圖形表示法？ a. data flow diagram 數(shù)據(jù)流程圖 b. decision table c. ER diagram d. graph matrix3. In general, box diagrams and flowcharts

36、should （a） 一般來說，盒圖和流程圖應(yīng)該是（） a. be used in place of programming design languages b. be used to document the entire design or not at all c. only be used to document or evaluate design in specific instances d. none of the above 4. A decision table should be used （d）應(yīng)該使用決策表 a. to document all conditiona

37、l statements b. to guide the development of the project management plan c. only when building an expert system d. when a complex set of conditions and actions appears in a component 當(dāng)一個(gè)復(fù)雜的條件和行動(dòng)出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)組件5. A program design language (PDL) is often a （d） 程序設(shè)計(jì)語言（PDL）往往是一個(gè) a. useful way to represent softwa

38、re architecture b. legitimate(合理的)programming language in its own right c. machine readable software development language d. combination of programming constructs and narrative text 程序結(jié)構(gòu)與敘事文本的結(jié)合1. Which of these are objectives for software testing? （d）這些軟件測(cè)試的目標(biāo)是什么？ a. determine the productivity of p

39、rogrammers b. eliminate the need for future program maintenance c. eliminate every error prior to release d. uncover software errors 發(fā)現(xiàn)軟件錯(cuò)誤2. What types of errors are missed by black-box testing and can be uncovered by white-box testing?（b）黑盒測(cè)試中的錯(cuò)誤是什么類型的，可以通過白盒測(cè)試來發(fā)現(xiàn)？ a. behavioral errors b. subtle l

40、ogic errors 微妙的邏輯錯(cuò)誤 c. performance errors d. input error 3. The cyclomatic complexity metric provides the designer with information regarding the number of （c）圈復(fù)雜度度量提供設(shè)計(jì)師的一些信息 a. cycles in the program b. errors in the program c. independent logic paths in the program 程序中的獨(dú)立邏輯路徑 d. statements in the

41、program 4. Black-box testing attempts to find errors in which of the following categories（a） a. incorrect or missing functions b. interface errors c. performance errors d. all of the above 1. What is the normal order of activities in which software testing is organized?（a） 活動(dòng)中，軟件測(cè)試組織的正常秩序是什么？ a. uni

42、t, integration, system, validation 單元，集成，系統(tǒng)，驗(yàn)證 b. system, integration, unit, validation c. unit, integration, validation, system d. none of the above 2. Top-down integration testing has as it's major advantage that （b） a. low level modules never need testing b. major decision points are tested e

43、arly 主要的決策點(diǎn)是早試驗(yàn) c. no stubs need to be written d. none of the above 3. Bottom-up integration testing has as it's major advantage that （c）自下而上的整合測(cè)試，作為它的主要優(yōu)勢(shì) a. major decision points are tested early b. no drivers need to be written c. no stubs need to be written d. regression testing is not requi

44、red 4. Which of the following is an approach to debugging? （d）以下哪一項(xiàng)是方法調(diào)試？ a. backtracking 回溯算法 b. brute force 暴力破解 c. cause elimination 消除原因 d. all of the above 1. The waterfall model of software development is also known as the ( a) 瀑布模型的軟件開發(fā)也被稱為 A. Classical life cycle model 古典生命周期模型 B. Fountain m

45、odel C. Spiral model D. Chaos model . 2. The incremental model of software development is ( B ) 增量的軟件開發(fā)模型是 A. A reasonable approach when requirements are well defined. B. A good approach when a working core product is required quickly. 一種好方法，當(dāng)一個(gè)工作核心產(chǎn)品時(shí)需要快速 C. The best approach to use for projects wi

46、th large development teams. D. A revolutionary model that is not used for commercial products. The process of establishing the services that the customer requires from a system and the constraints under which it operates and is developed.The requirements themselves are the descriptions of the system

47、 services and constraints that are Deliver software that meets the customers expectations.1. What is software? Instructions、data structures and documents.指令、數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)和文檔Computer programs and associated documentation. 計(jì)算機(jī)程序和相關(guān)文檔。2. How do software characteristics differ from hardware characteristics?軟件特性如

48、何與硬件特性不同？Software is developed, not manufactured. 軟件開發(fā)，而不是制造。Most software is custom built.大多數(shù)軟件都是定制的。3. What do people mean by the expression "software crisis"?“軟件危機(jī)”表達(dá)的意思是什么意思？ Some problems encountered in the development and maintenance of computer software.在計(jì)算機(jī)軟件的開發(fā)和維護(hù)中遇到的一些問題。4. What

49、myths about software still exist ?軟件還存在什么誤區(qū)？management myths管理誤區(qū)customer myths 客戶誤區(qū)practitioner's myths 從業(yè)者的誤區(qū)1. What are the three generic phases of software engineering? 什么是軟件工程的三個(gè)通用階段?(1) Definition phase 定義階段(2) Development phase發(fā)展階段(3) Support phase支持階段2.What are the names of the five level

50、s of the SEI Capability Maturity Model? SEI 的能力成熟度模型的五個(gè)層次的名稱? Level 1- initial or ad hoc level初始或特設(shè)的水平 Level 2 - repeatable level可重復(fù)級(jí) Level 3 - defined level級(jí)別定義 Level 4 - managed level管理水平 Level 5 -optimizing level優(yōu)化級(jí)別3. Describe the phases of the prototyping model for software development.描述原型模型的軟

51、件開發(fā)的階段 1.listen to customer聽聽客戶 2.build mock-up建立實(shí)體模型 3.customer test-drives mock-up客戶試車模擬4. Why are evolutionary models considered by many to be the best approach to software development?為什么進(jìn)化模型被許多人認(rèn)為是軟件開發(fā)的最佳方法？most importantly, reflects what really happens when complex systems are built.最重要的是，反映的是

52、真實(shí)發(fā)生的，復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)建設(shè)1. What are the five phases of software requirements analysis? 什么是軟件需求分析的五個(gè)階段? Problem recognition問題識(shí)別 Evaluation and synthesis評(píng)價(jià)和合成 Modeling建模 Specification規(guī)格 Review審查1. What are three primary objectives of the analysis model?什么是三個(gè)主要目標(biāo)的分析模型?to describe what the customer requires來描述客戶的要

53、求to establish a basis for the creation of a software design建立軟件設(shè)計(jì)創(chuàng)作的基礎(chǔ)to define a set of requirements that can be validated once the software is built定義一組一旦建立了該軟件，則可以進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證的要求2. What are the data modeling elements represented in the entity relationship diagram (ERD)?代表的實(shí)體關(guān)系圖 (ERD) 中的數(shù)據(jù)建模元素有哪些? Data ob

54、jects - any entity producing or consuming information數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)象-任何實(shí)體生產(chǎn)或消費(fèi)信息 Attributes - data characteristics associated with a data object instance屬性-與一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)象實(shí)例相關(guān)聯(lián)的數(shù)據(jù)特性 Relationships - indicate manner in which data objects are connected關(guān)系的表示的方式中，數(shù)據(jù)連接對(duì)象2. List three characteristics that can serve as a guide to evaluate design quality. 列出可以作為指南設(shè)計(jì)質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)的三個(gè)特點(diǎn)。The design must implement all of the explicit requirements contained in the analysis model 設(shè)計(jì)必須實(shí)現(xiàn)所