商務(wù)英語(yǔ)期末復(fù)習(xí)

1、freelance 自由職業(yè)的 fri:l:ns You sell your work or services to a number of different companies. 自由職業(yè)你把你的工作或服務(wù)賣(mài)給許多不同的公司 teleworking 遠(yuǎn)程工作；在家辦公; You work for a company from home via email,phone or the Internet電子辦公你在家中通過(guò)電子郵件、電話或互聯(lián)網(wǎng)為一家公司工作，job-sharing 分擔(dān)工作制 You do your job for part of the week and another pe

2、rson does it for the other part. 分擔(dān)工作 你在這周做了你的這份工作的一部分，另一個(gè)人做另一部分shift work 換班工作 You work during different parts of the day(eg nights).輪班工作你在一天中的不同時(shí)段工作（如夜班） part-time 兼職;半日工作 You only work for some ot the week(not full-time).兼職工作你只工作了一周（不是全職）。 temping 打臨時(shí)工，做臨時(shí)工作，打零工 You work for different companies f

3、or a short time without a permanent contract.臨時(shí)工作你在不同的公司工作很短的時(shí)間沒(méi)有一個(gè)永久的合同。consultancy 顧問(wèn)工作，顧問(wèn)職位; 咨詢公司; knsltnsi: You arent employed by a company,but are paid to give specialist advice.顧問(wèn)公司；咨詢公司 你不是受雇于公司，但支付給專業(yè)的意見(jiàn) flextime 彈性上班制; You work a number of hours per week or month but you decide when you sta

4、rt or finish.彈性制你每周工作幾個(gè)小時(shí)或一個(gè)月，但你決定當(dāng)你工作的起始時(shí)間 hot-desking 辦公桌輪用制（按需要或依照輪流制度分配辦公桌，而不是給每位員工桌子）; You dont have a permanent place or office to work at,but you find a place to work when youarrive.辦公桌輪用你沒(méi)有一個(gè)固定的辦公地點(diǎn)，但當(dāng)你需要辦公室可以找到一個(gè)辦公地點(diǎn) How to job - share Wouldn't it be nice if the working week finished on

5、 Wednesday? With a job-shareit can. Here's the essential guide to making it work.如果工作都在星期三完成，那豈不是很好嗎？有工作共享就可以做到。這里是使它工作的基本指南。 (0) Find the perfect partner Find someone you like. 'Be prepared to communicate and share credit and blame,says Carol Savage, the managing director of Flexecutive, a

6、flexible working consultancy.credit and blame信用和責(zé)任；director 主管，主任；flexible靈活的； consultancy顧問(wèn)工作，顧問(wèn)職位;咨詢公司(1) Open your mind 敞開(kāi)心胸 Bosses should consider requests for flexible working from employees with children undersix. So embrace imbreis the benefits: 'Twice as much experience, skills, brainpow

7、er and energy.' Savage says. 老板應(yīng)該考慮從事六歲以下的兒童工作的員工的靈活性要求。那么包含的利益：“雙倍經(jīng)驗(yàn)、技能、智力和精力。” （2） Plan for disaster災(zāi)難計(jì)劃 Always discuss the worst-case scenarios.情境sinriu When Margaret Mills, a teacher, lost her job-share partner because of a family illness, a return to full-time work seemed inevitable.'We

8、 had been over-optimistic. I did manage to find someone else who fitted in with me, but Iwas very lucky.'經(jīng)常討論假設(shè)最壞的情況。當(dāng)米爾斯瑪格麗特，一位老師，因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)家人的疾病失去了她的工作伙伴，回到全職工作似乎是不可避免的“我們一直過(guò)于樂(lè)觀。我確實(shí)找到了一個(gè)適合我的人，我很幸運(yùn)?！?（3） Get organised 有組織性的 Plan the system for handing work over carefully and play to each other's

9、different strengths. Delegatedelgt the workload according to each other's particular獨(dú)有的skills and qualities.仔細(xì)制定工作移交制度和發(fā)揮個(gè)人特長(zhǎng)。根據(jù)每個(gè)人的特殊技能和素質(zhì)來(lái)委派 工作量。（4） Set your limits規(guī)定你的極限 Managers should clarify what they expect in terms of hours, availability and results, andemployees should manage their empl

10、oyer's expectations. Sue Osborn, a job-sharer for 21years, says, 'We're often asked to do five-day week經(jīng)理應(yīng)該說(shuō)明根據(jù)他們所期望的時(shí)間，可用性和結(jié)果，員工應(yīng)該能解決他們的雇主的期望。奧斯本，工作21年來(lái)，工作員說(shuō)，“我們經(jīng)常被要求 每周五天工作日 ”（5）Put pen to paper 把筆放在紙上 Agree in writing arrangements for holidays, parental leave prentl li:v , retirement

11、rtamnt , etc. Everyone should know where they stand from the beginning. 同意假期的寫(xiě)作安排，產(chǎn)假，退休等，每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該知道他們從一開(kāi)始就站在哪里。（6） Don't feel guilty不要覺(jué)得內(nèi)疚 Do not work until 1 am at home to make up for not being in the office every day 在家里不要每天工作到凌晨1點(diǎn)來(lái)彌補(bǔ)不在辦公室（7） Two become one二合一 Clients may not like having to deal

12、 with two people working closely together. As Savagesays: 'A job-share should be like a marriage - one voice, one unit.'客戶可能不希望面對(duì)兩人緊密合作。一份工作的份額應(yīng)該像一份婚姻：一個(gè)聲音，一個(gè)單位Present tenses 各類現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)0 Even at home,always set (set) yourself a timetable.1 You need (need) to find a quiet place to work,where ther

13、e are no distractions干擾.2 If you communicate (communicate) with a client on the phone today rather than face-to-face,its still import to dress for work as normal.如果你今天與客戶電話溝通，而不是面對(duì)面，穿正常的工作服依舊重要。3 Now that you have escape (escape避開(kāi)) from the office,youll still need peace安心 and quiet at home.Dont answ

14、er the door to neighbours or make social calls.4 Once you have been working (work)from home for a while,you might feel a bit lonely.It might be worth going into the office once or twice a week.5 After you have been (be) at the computer for a few hours,remember to take a break why not leave the house

15、 and go for a walk outside?6 Be strong.When a friend calls and asks you out to lunch,say what you would say in any other job:Sorry but I am working (work) on something at the moment.How about after five instead?7 Make sure colleagues and clients can reach 聯(lián)系到y(tǒng)ou and answer (answer) the phone as thou

16、gh you are in the office.Lifes all about making connections建立人脈To you, networking人際網(wǎng) might mean (1)attending a conference or trade fair商品交易會(huì) event to meet new client or partners.Or it could be the coffee break at work where you share (2) ideas with colleagues in other departments部門(mén). But nowadays net

17、working has become an event in itself.For example, Pricewaterhouse Coopers普華永道會(huì)計(jì)師事務(wù)所offer its female staff職員的 a formal networking (3) group called PwCwomen. With 900 members, it organises組織events事件ranging from從··排列 informal drinks evenings to coaching輔導(dǎo) events. Tina Hallet, who is (4) resp

18、onsible盡責(zé)的 for the group, says that she got involved (5) in 涉及 networking becauseId got to a reasonably合理的 senior level高級(jí)水平 and I wanted to help other people to maximise發(fā)揮 their potential潛能.You dont have to be senior to (6) run a network though. Vicky Wood and Sally Hopkins had the idea for the City

19、 Girls Network when they first moved into Londons corporate公司的 world and wondered how to get to (7) know other women. We couldnt find anything for people with no experience. So we thought wed start our own.From twelve friends meeting regularly經(jīng)常, it rapidly迅速地grew to 250 members from many different

20、organisations. Its a great way to (8) make useful contacts聯(lián)絡(luò) and bring in potential潛在的business.Fiona Clutterbuck is co-chair聯(lián)合主席of a network for the bank ABN AMRO. Women tend to think of networking as (9)socialising and give it low priority優(yōu)先權(quán). But given the chance, women will network as the banks l

21、ast speed networking event demonstrated顯示. With over 100 women and men, it was a great (10)success. It is amazing how many people you get to meet from different parts of the organisation組織，機(jī)構(gòu)，團(tuán)體.Match the expressions on the left to the responses on the right.0. Id like to introduce you to Mark. B. H

22、ello, Marek. How do you do?1. Nice to meet you at last. D. Pleased to meet you too.2. Do you two know each other already? I. Well, weve spoken on the phone a few times.3. Would you like a coffee? C. Thanks.4. So have you enjoyed this morning? J. Yes, it was very interesting.5. Is this your first tim

23、e at one of these events? A. Yes, it is. And you?6. May I join you? E. Sure.7. Youre a colleague of Martin Obach, arent you? K. Thats right. He works in our Barcelona office.8. How do you know him? L. We were both at Elcotil together.9. How many children do you have? F. Two. Twins.10. Have you alway

24、s lived in Lille? G. Yes, most of my life.11. I know your company is looking for a partner on this Thai project. H. Yes. Is that something you might be interested in ?2）The past 過(guò)去時(shí)Dear Sir or Madam, I（0）saw (see) your advert廣告 for the post of Client Services Executive總經(jīng)理in yesterdays newspaper and

25、I would like to apply for the position職位.As you can see from my attached附加的CV簡(jiǎn)歷, I（1）have been working (work) for my current company for over two years.I（2）joined (join) MacKintyre and Co in 2007 and since then,I （3）have had (have) many opportunities to develop my skills.However,I （4）have been consi

26、dering (consider) a career change with a new challenge for a number of months and this seems like the perfect moment to make that move.I see from recent最近的press新聞報(bào)道reports報(bào)告that your company（5）has expanded (expand擴(kuò)大) its operations經(jīng)營(yíng)in China and therefore因此I would like to draw your attention to my d

27、egree in Oriental東方Studies and Mandarin北京話which I（6）completed (complete完成) in 2006.Combined with結(jié)合my current MBA,which I （7）have been studying (study) for part-time at the local university,I feel that I would be an asset有價(jià)值的人to your company. Please also note that my current manager（8）has agreed (agr

28、ee) to write a reference證明and can be contacted聯(lián)絡(luò)on 0207 857 6785. MBA:工商管理學(xué)碩士 I look forward to hearing from you.Yours faithfully忠實(shí)地Daniel LewisMemoYou are a seminar organizer. You want to check details for an event next week with your two assistants. Write an email to your staff. Write 40-50 words.

29、 Sy which rooms you have booked for the event. l Ak them to confirm the schedule with security. l Eplain that one participant will be late. From: student's name Subject: Confirmation of seminar details Date: XXXX To: Assistant seminar organizers Please note that I have booked Rooms 101 and 102 f

30、or the seminar next week. I'd be grateful if you would now confirm this booking and the final schedule for the event with security. Also note that Mr Singh will be one hour late on the Monday morning. You are a human resources manager for a large manufacturing firm. To offer staff better health

31、nsurance, the company has recently changed its insurance company. A representative from the insurance company is visiting to present the new policy. In your memo you should: *say what has happened *announce the representatives visit. *say when and where his presentation will take place To: All staff

32、 From: HR Manager Date: 19 March Subject: A representation from the new insurance company As you are probably aware, we has recently changed our insurance company to provide you with better health insurance. Therefore, a representative from the new insurance company is visiting us. Please note that

33、he will give a presentation on Thursday 27 March at 4.30pm in the conference room to outline the new policy. Any staff is welcome to attend.Tags that can end misery of lost luggageGlobalbagtag was (0) set up six years ago by husband-and-wife team Chris and Alison Truelove on their return from a holi

34、day in Australia.The couple decided to (1) launch G, which sells secure tags which travellers attach to their luggage. They started to (2) charge 9.95 per tag in the first year, followed by a 2.95 subscription (3) fee for the following years. Customers activate the tag online with their home address

35、 on an online database. If luggage is lost, the person who finds it can log on to the Globalbagtag website and report the missing items.Mr Truelove said: We have seen a huge (4) growth in orders as travellers realise they cannot rely on the airlines to look after their bags. It is actually a very si

36、mple (5) concept .Globalbagtag is now planning to (6) branch out into stickers for items including mobile phones, MP3 players, keys and laptops.3）Will and the future Will和將來(lái)時(shí)0 Im just phoning to confirm that I will be / am in my office by ten.1 Dont worry.I promise that I ll call / m calling you bac

37、k straight away.2 Inflation probably wont rise / wont have risen above three percent this year.3 We ll run / re running seminars every day next week so I cant take any time off,Im afraid.4 After that,I ll have / m going to have a rest in my room before this afternoons session starts.5 The hotel has

38、a scheduled shuttle bus to the training centre.I think it is going to leave / leaves every half hour,but let me check for you.6 Security open / will be opening the building at eight tomorrow instead of nine.7 We begin at nine.So by the time he arrives at nine thirty,the first session will have start

39、ed / will be starting.8 He says he s going to leave / ll have left at three to catch a flight even though he knows it doesnt finish until four.9 Im sure you re receiving / ll be receiving something in the post in the next couple of days,but I can check with my colleague if you like.How to delegateNe

40、w managers often find it difficult to delegate the tasks they used to do. But getting others to do what you did so well is a key to good management.1 A Tailor work to the individual It should be challenging and make use of their specific skills that you may not have.2 E Delegate complete tasks This

41、is much more satisfying for the person delegated to than bits and pieces. If people feel they have ownership of a whole manageable project, they will usually rise to the challenge.3 C Give incentives Dont start by saying I know youre really busy and dont have time for this, but Explain why the job i

42、s important and why you have chosen them. Also explain what the rewards are possibly financial or psychological.4 D Define the expectations and objectives Specify what results are needed, the deadline, and how often the employee should update you.5 G Avoid misunderstanding After you have briefed the

43、 person, ask them to explain back to you what theyre going to do to ensure the instructions are clear.6 F Let go Dont check up on them. Make yourself available to answer questions but allow them space to work on their own.7 B Be postive Give lots of praise, helpful feedback and constructive criticis

44、m. It boosts confidence and saves time next time.Tip 1: Keep the title of the report short. It only needs to tell your reader the subject. Tip 2: Divide your report into sections to make it easier to read. Use headings such as Introduction, Findings, Conclusions, Recommendations. Tip 3: State the ai

45、m of the report in the introduction. This will include why you have been asked to write it and what you will have done by the end. Tip 4: In the findings section describe the facts and information. Avoid giving your opinion at this stage. Report on _visits to website and proposed marketing strategy_ Introduction The aim of this report is to comment on the number of people visiting the comp