Unit 2 Healthy eating 詞匯講解學案

1、Healthy eating 詞匯講解學案1、 diet n.根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1) She is on a diet in order to lose weight. (2) It's important to have a balanced, healthy diet. 根據(jù)語義找匹配A. 日常飲食 B. (病人或減肥者的)特種食品 (1) B(2)A be / go on a diet 節(jié)食 put sb. on diet 讓某人節(jié)食a balanced diet 均衡飲食diet/food diet 特指維系健康的定量或定質的食品，常用于病人、減肥者等的食物。是可數(shù)名詞。 The

2、y are seeking the most reasonable diet which will do good to their health. food 是一般用法。指能維系生命的、能充饑的、能吃能喝的東西。作為食物，是不可數(shù)名詞；作為食物種類，是可數(shù)名詞。 We must have food to eat and clothes to wear. The children jumped with joy at sight of all kinds of foods on the table. 用food/diet填空 The sick man must not go without (

3、1) food， but he must have a (2) diet without sugar. 2、 energy n.根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1)It's important and necessary to try to save energy. (2)Young people usually have more energy than the old. 根據(jù)語義找匹配：A. 能源 B. 精力、活力 (1) A(2) B energetic adj. 精力旺盛的； 精神飽滿的energetically adv. 精力旺盛地； 精神飽滿地energy­saving adj.

4、 節(jié)約能源的nuclear energy n. 核能 solar energy n. 太陽能be full of energy 精力充沛devote one's energy to 致力于energy/force/power/strength energy 物理學意義上的“能、能量”；生理學上的“精力、活力”。 Though he is very thin and small, he is full of energy.force 指外在的“力量、武力”；也指自然界的力量，復數(shù)常指“兵力、軍隊”。I was prevented from coming by force of situa

5、tion. the air forces 空軍power 指“能力、權力”或內(nèi)在的“力”；也指人或機器等潛在的或能發(fā)出的力量。I shall do everything in my power to rescue. Knowledge is power. strength 指人的“體力、力氣”和“長處”；指物的“強度”。 He pulled the injured person from the ruins with all his strength. 單項填空 ()(1) You are always full of_. Can you tell me the secret?Taking p

6、lenty of exercise every day. A. power B. strength C. force D. energyD本題考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你總是精力充沛，能告訴我其中的奧秘嗎？每天進行大量的鍛煉。 ()(2) Our country is performing reforms in many fields, one of _ is electric _. A. that; force B. those; strength C. them; energy D. which; powerD句意：我們國家在許多領域在進行著改革，其中的一項就是電能改革。 ()(3) Som

7、e countries are increasing their use of natural gas, and other forms of _. A. source B. energy C. power D. material B本題考查名詞辨析。句意：一些國家在提高對天然氣和其他形式的能源的利用。通過上文中的their use of natural gas，我們便可知道它所指的是：大自然的能量，所以答案是B。energy，force，power和 strength 是高考名詞辨析的常見考題。在處理這類題目時，我們一定要特別注意它們各自的側重點：energy側重于人的精神和大自然的能量；f

8、orce側重于強迫性；power強調(diào)動力或潛在的力量或人的權力；strength強調(diào)氣力。3、lie n&v.根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1) Believe him. He never tells a lie. (2) He lied that he had been to the moon. (3) West of the hill lie two chemical plants. (4) He lied on his back on the playground. 根據(jù)語義找匹配A. 位于 B. 撒謊C. 謊話D. 躺臥(1) C(2) B(3)A(4)Dlie n. 謊話；vt. 撒謊；

9、vi. 位于、躺lay v. 產(chǎn)卵，下蛋；擺放tell a lietell lies 撒謊；講謊話 a big lie 彌天大謊a black lie 用心險惡的謊言 a white lie 善意的謊言單項填空 ()(1) The manager had fallen asleep where he _， without undressing. A. was laying B. was lying C. had laid D. had liedB本題考查的是lie有關時態(tài)詞形的變化和語義辨析。在處理這一問題時，首先我們要搞清楚它在語境中的語義，本句的語義是：經(jīng)理穿著衣服就在他躺著的地方睡著了。

10、通過had fallen asleep可知它是“躺臥”的意思，排除A和C。從時態(tài)意義出發(fā)，睡著時，躺臥的動作正在發(fā)生，所以答案是B。()(2) At the foot of the hill _ a big lake surrounded by trees. A. lays B. is laying C. lies D. lyingC本題考查的是lie有關詞形的變化和語義辨析。在處理這一問題時，我們首先要搞清楚它的句式結構。這是地點狀語放在句首的一個完全倒裝句，其主語是 a big lake。它的語義是：山腳下有個被樹環(huán)繞著的大湖。巧記一： 撒謊(lie)的規(guī)則，不規(guī)則的是躺 (lie)，躺下

11、來 (lay) 就下蛋 (lay), 下蛋 (laid) 不規(guī)則。原形詞性語義過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞lievt. 撒謊liedliedlyingvi.躺臥laylainlayvt.產(chǎn)卵、下蛋；擺放laidlaidlaying巧記二： He lied that he lay in bed and laid a hen in a box and saw her laying an egg. 他撒謊道他躺在床上把母雞放在盒子里看著她下蛋。4、 win (won, won) v. 根據(jù)語境感悟其用法(1)After struggling, he won in the end. (2) They wor

12、ked hard together and won the game. (3)After ten years of hard work, he won the first prize for the music competition. win作為不及物動詞是(1)_ 的意思；作及物動詞是(2)_或(3)_。 (1) 贏(2) 贏(了比賽)(3) 獲(得了)獎 win back 贏回 win hands on 輕易獲勝win out 獲勝；成功 win over 說服；把爭取過來win the day 獲勝；成功win/beat/defeat win 是不及物動詞，也是及物動詞。在作為及物動詞

13、時，它的賓語不能是人。 Slow and steady wins the race. beat 是及物動詞，它的賓語是人，不能是事物。一般指小型的活動。 We beat Class 1 in the school sports meeting. defeat 也是及物動詞，它的賓語是人，也可以是辯論活動。比較正式，一般指大型活動。 We will defeat them in the Olympic Games. 完成句子 (1) Our teachers have won the love and respect (贏得了愛戴和尊重)of the students. 單項填空 ()(2) T

14、he Huston Rockets _ the Los Angeles Lakers 108：89 in the NBA on Sunday. A. hit B. won C. beat D. defeatC句意：在周日的NBA比賽中，休斯敦火箭隊以108：89戰(zhàn)勝了洛杉磯湖人隊。hit“打、撞擊”明顯不合題意；win后不能跟人，這里的洛杉磯湖人隊指的是人；而beat和defeat可以，但從時態(tài)考慮，這件事發(fā)生在過去，要用一般過去時，beat 的過去式和原形是一致的，defeat的過去式是defeated，所以答案是C。5、 glare v.根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1) They stood ther

15、e with anger, glaring_at each other without saying anything. (2) The storm came pouring down, thunder rolling and lightning glaring. 根據(jù)語義找匹配：A. 發(fā)出刺眼的光B. 瞪眼、怒目而視 (1) B(2) A look at/glance at/stare at/glare at look at 沒有附加意義的看，強調(diào)動作。Look at the book and tell me what you see. glance at 用眼睛的余光看，“瞥見”。 The

16、 captain is kicking the ball, glancing at his partners. stare at 因驚訝、好奇而睜大眼睛看。含有無禮或粗魯?shù)囊馕丁?It's impolite to stare at foreigners. glare at 因憤怒而看，“怒視”。 Everyone glared at the two who kept talking when the others were studying in the reading room. 用glance/stare/glare填空(1) I often glance through the

17、title to pick up the most interesting ones to read. (2) The teacher glared at the boys when they laughed loudly in class. (3) Don't stare at me. I'm shy. 6、limit v.根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1) We should take efficient activities to limit high school students to surfing the Internet. (2) He has reached the lim

18、it of her patience. 根據(jù)語義找匹配：A. 極限B. 限定，限制 (1) B(2) A limitation U“限制、限定”。強調(diào)能力的局限性或缺陷。 limited adj. 有限的 limitless adj. 無限的 Co, Ltd. 股份有限公司用limit的正確形式填空(1)My life is _， but learning is _. (2)The _ of speed is for the safety of each driver. (1) limited; limitless吾生有涯，學無涯。(2) limitation 對時速的限制是為了每個司機的安全

19、。7、 benefit n&v.根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1) Smoking has little benefit on our health. (2) I have had the benefit of good education. (3) The expressway will benefit us all and we will certainly benefit_from it. 根據(jù)語義找匹配A. 利益B. 有益于；得益于C. 好處 (1) C(2) A(3) B have benefit on 對有益have the benefit of 得益于sth. benefits sb.

20、 有益于某人be of benefit to 對有益for the benefit of 為了的利益sb. benefits from sth. 某人得益于完成句子(1)為了人民的利益，我們要不惜一切代價保護大壩。 We should make every effort to protect the dam for the benefit of the people. (2)教育事業(yè)是有利于人民的事業(yè)，我們要把它辦好。 The cause of education is of benefit to the people. We should operate it well. (3)公益活動恩澤

21、于千家萬戶，我們非常支持。 Everyone has the benefit of public welfare. All of us will support it. 8、throw down After reading the letter, she threw it down and left angrily. 根據(jù)語境語義，throw down意思是：_。扔下，扔掉throw about 隨便丟棄，到處亂扔 throw out 把扔出去， 隨口說，脫口而出，拒不接受，否決(意見、想法等) throw oneself into 投身于，熱衷于，積極從事 throw off 匆匆地脫下衣服

22、(pull off)，擺脫，甩掉throw on 匆匆地穿上 throw up 嘔吐，突然建造或匆忙建造，辭職 throw away 扔掉，丟棄，拋棄；失去，錯過，浪費，白費 throwto 把扔向 throwat 用砸向用恰當?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空(1) I threw the ball to Mike but he threw it at Jack, so they quarreled with each other about it. (2) The housing has been thrown up in this area for the earthquake­stricken

23、 people. (3) He threw on his coat and rushed out into the dark. (4)Throw off your worries and throw yourself into the work. (5)He is a respected person. He always throw himselfinto the cause of education. (6)Don't throw anything out of the bus, which is dangerous. (7)Don't throw litters abou

24、t. Keep the sight clean. 9、 get away with根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1)Don't be tempted to cheat in the exam you will never get_away_from it. (2)He can't get_away_from the office before 7 o'clock. (3)Thieves got_away_with computer equipment worth $ 20,000. 根據(jù)語義找匹配 A. 離開，脫身 B. (因做壞事而)逃避或不受責備懲罰 C. 攜某物潛逃，偷走 (1

25、) B(2) A(3)C get across 被理解，把某事講清楚get along with (事情的)進展，(人的)相處get back 回來，要回，收回get down (to) 下來，開始，著手get in 進來，購進，設法做 get over 克服，恢復get off 下(車、船、飛機等)，出發(fā)，下班get on (事情的)進展，(人的)相處，事業(yè)有成 get out 離開，外出，從獲得有益的東西 get up 起床，起身 get through 用完，耗盡，完成，順利通過(考試)，(用電話)接通單項填空 ()(1) Did you make sense of what I sai

26、d at the meeting? No. Your meaning didn't _. Would you like to explain it a second time?A. get in B. get across C. get over D. get throughB句意：你明白我在會上講的東西了嗎？ 我沒明白會上你說的意思，你能再解釋一次嗎？ get in 進去、收獲；get across 使被理解，把講清楚；get over 克服、恢復；get through通過、完成、打通，所以答案是B。B句意為：Jenny正在找一個座位，正在那時，很幸運地，一個人站起來離開了。故選B

27、。()(2) (2010· 四川)Jenny was looking for a seat when，luckily，a man _ and left. A. took up B. got up C. shut up D. set up10、cut down根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1) When I climbed up the mountain, an old man was cutting_down a tall tree. When I climbed down the mountain, he had cut it up. (2) They have decided to cut_d

28、own the household expenses to devote money for the disaster area. 根據(jù)語義找匹配：A. 減少B. 砍倒 (1) B(2) A cut across 抄近路穿過 cut in 插嘴，打斷cut off 停止供應，切斷，隔開 cut out 刪去、戒除cut through 鑿穿 cut up 切碎單項填空 ()(1) When Jason failed to pay his bill, the network company _ his Internet connection. A. cut off B. cut out C. c

29、ut up D. cut down (1) A句意：當杰森沒付賬時，網(wǎng)絡公司終止了他的網(wǎng)絡連接。通過語境語義，我們體會出的是“終止、切斷”的意思，所以答案是A。完成句子(2)老大爺把樹砍倒然后把它劈開。 The old man cut down the tree and cut it up. (3)別人在說話時插嘴是不禮貌的。 It's bad manners to cut in while others are talking. 11、before longbefore long/long before before long 副詞短語，表示“不久”的意思，相當于 soon。 Bef

30、ore long, the army will be sent to rescue us by the government. long before 既是副詞短語，表示“很久以前”；也是連接詞，引導時間狀語從句，表示“在以前很久”。 I had been there long before when it was bare and deserted mountain. It won't be long before he realize his mistakes. 單項填空 ()(1) Has Bob returned from the USA? Yes, he arrived tw

31、o months ago, but it wasn't _ he went to Beijing. A. before long B. long before C. long after D. long agoB句意：鮑勃從美國回來了嗎？兩個月前就回來了。沒過多久又去北京了。它所體現(xiàn)的是“沒過多久就”的意思，所以答案是B。()(2) Please wait with patience. He will return _. A. long before B. before long C. long ago D. not long B句意：請耐心等待。不久他就會回來的。long befor

32、e表示“很久以前”； long ago表示“很久以前”，更多地用在寓言、神話故事開頭，以提起故事； not long是漢語式的表達。12、 put on 根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1) It's cold outside. Don't forget to put_on your coat in case of a cold when you go out. (2) The opera club in our school will put_on The Story of Red Lamp. (3) Would you mind if I put some music on?根據(jù)語義找匹配

33、A. 穿上(衣服等)；戴上(手套、帽子等) B. 播放(磁帶、光盤、MP3等) C. (戲劇等的)上演；展出(1) A(2) C(3) B put up 掛起、張貼；舉起、抬起；建造、搭起、投宿put up with 忍受 put down 放下；記下；平息put aside 忽視；不理睬；攢錢；放到一邊put away 放好；把收起來put back 放回；延期 put off 推遲put out 伸出；拿出；滅火put on weight 發(fā)胖、發(fā)福 put an end to 結束單項填空 ()(1)You can take anything from the shelf and rea

34、d, but please _ the books when you've finished with them. A. put B. put down C. put back D. put offC句意：你可以拿書柜里的所有的書看，但看完后請放回原處。put on穿上，上演；put down放下，記下； put back放回原處； put off推遲，所以答案是C。 ()(2) The forest guards often find campfires that have not been _ completely. A. turned down B. put out C. put

35、 away D. turned overB句意：森林護衛(wèi)經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)一些沒有完全熄滅的營火。turn down 調(diào)小(聲音)，拒絕；put out伸出，拿出，滅火；put away放好，把收起來；turn over轉過身，翻到(第幾頁)，所以答案是B。()(3) (2010· 全國)My mother opened drawer to _the knives and spoons. A. put away B. put up C. put on D. put togetherA考查動詞詞組辨析。put away 放好，收拾起來；put up舉起，搭建，張貼，掛起； put on 穿上，戴

36、上；put together 組裝，裝配，把湊合起來。13、Nothing could be better(P10) 再沒有比這些更好吃的了當比較級與not, never, nothing等否定詞連用時，表示“再也沒什么比這更的了”。 What an interesting novel! I have never read a more moving story.It's the most moving novel that I have ever read. 多么有意思的小說！我從來沒看過比這更動人的故事了。(言外之意，這是最動人的) Are you satisfied with h

37、is speech? It can't have left us a deeper impression. 你對他的報告滿意嗎？ 它留給我們的印象再深刻不過了。(言外之意是相當滿意) I am very excited to learn that we are going to start a magazine together. I can't agree more. 聽說我們將合辦一份雜志，我非常激動。我非常贊成。“否定式與比較級” 這一現(xiàn)象頻頻出現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)代的高考中。對它的考查主要以對話形式出現(xiàn)，帶有明顯的交際特色。在很多情況下，命題人通常把它與冠詞的問題與分詞形式放在一起進

38、行綜合考查。單項填空 ()(1) What do you think of the boy's painting? I've never seen a person with _ sense of art. A. the better B. a better C. a good D. the bestB本題考查的是“否定詞與比較級”連用的句式。表示“從來都沒見過比他更有藝術感的人”，不定冠詞修飾sense, 所以答案是B。一般地，我們可以把 “否定詞 a 比較級名詞”表示最高級意義作為固定句式來記，以幫助我們做題。()(2) Are you satisfied with wha

39、t he has done? Not a little. It couldn't be _. A. any worse B. any better C. so well D. so badB本題考查的是“否定詞(couldn't) 比較級”的基本句式。從題干中的not a little體會出的語義是“非常(滿意)”，這一結構所表示的是對所述看法的贊同，其語義是： 你對他的所作所為感到滿意嗎？ 非常滿意。 再沒有比這更好的了。所以答案是B。()(3) Who's your favorite basketballer in China? Yao Ming, of cours

40、e. No one plays _. A. better B. best C. good D. wellA句意： 誰是中國你最喜歡的籃球手？ 當然是姚明嘍。沒有人比他打的還好了。所以它考查的是“否定詞no one 比較級”的基本句式，答案是A。 14、I wish I could see things clearly in the dark.(P13) 我多么希望能夠看清黑暗中的東西。wish 作為動詞，它有四個重要句式：(1)wish sb. 名詞 表示祝愿，意為“祝某人”。 Wish you success/good luck/a good trip. 祝你馬到成功。/祝你吉星高照。(祝你

41、鴻運大發(fā)。)/祝你一路順風。 (祝你一帆風順。)此處不能用“hope sb. 名詞”這一句式。 (2) wish to do sth. 希望做某事 I wish to pass the entrance exam, so I'll keep on trying. 我希望能考上大學，因此我會不懈地努力。(3) wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事 You are sure to succeed in science. I wish you to be a scientist in the future. 在理科方面你定能成功。我希望你將來當個科學家。不能使用hope s

42、b. to do sth.句式。I hope you to lend your hand to her. (×)I wish you to lend your hand to her. ()I hope you will lend your hand to her. ()(4) wish that sb. had done sth. (過去) sb. did /were (現(xiàn)在) sb. would do sth. (將來) What a pity! The boy died. I wish that I had been a doctor.真可惜！小男孩死了。我要是醫(yī)生該多好??！

43、We will go hiking tomorrow. I wish it wouldn't rain. 明天我們要遠足。但愿天別下雨。wish后接賓語從句時，它所表達的是虛擬語氣，即不太能實現(xiàn)的愿望。在語言運用中，我們要注意：從句中的虛擬語氣的形式是有時間限制的。但它的時間不受wish的影響。而取決于從句動作所發(fā)生的時間。巧記：圖式記憶法wish之前同步wish之后had donedid/werewould/could dowish2) 因為這一結構是虛擬語氣，表達了不太能實現(xiàn)的愿望，所以在表示祝愿時，我們一定注意不能使用這一句式，否則給人帶來的是虛情假意，不情愿的愿望，盡管語法你沒用錯。I wish you would come here for a play if you are free.(×)I wish you to come here for a pla