重難題型三　詞匯運用ppt課件

1、重難題型三詞匯運用重難題型三詞匯運用;題型特點題型特點此類題型調(diào)查方式為兩種此類題型調(diào)查方式為兩種:用括號中所給詞的適當(dāng)方式填空和將句子中漢語用括號中所給詞的適當(dāng)方式填空和將句子中漢語部分譯成英語。其中詞形轉(zhuǎn)換的考點常是部分譯成英語。其中詞形轉(zhuǎn)換的考點常是:1.數(shù)詞數(shù)詞(往往調(diào)查基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞的互變往往調(diào)查基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞的互變)2.名詞名詞(往往調(diào)查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)互變、名詞一切格等往往調(diào)查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)互變、名詞一切格等)3.代詞代詞(往往調(diào)查人稱代詞主格、賓格以及描畫詞性物主代詞、名詞性物主往往調(diào)查人稱代詞主格、賓格以及描畫詞性物主代詞、名詞性物主代詞和反身代詞的互變代詞和反身代詞的互變)研題型解易

2、;4.描畫詞(往往調(diào)查描畫詞和副詞的互變、描畫詞的比較級和最高級方式)5.動詞(往往調(diào)查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài))漢譯英的考點常是:名詞短語、動詞短語和介詞短語,描畫詞短語偶有涉及。;方法規(guī)律方法規(guī)律一、詞形轉(zhuǎn)換的解題方法與技巧一、詞形轉(zhuǎn)換的解題方法與技巧1.固定搭配法固定搭配法:有時有時,所給詞與空格前后的詞可構(gòu)成固定搭配所給詞與空格前后的詞可構(gòu)成固定搭配,假設(shè)能準(zhǔn)確識別那么會省很多力假設(shè)能準(zhǔn)確識別那么會省很多力氣。如氣。如be interested in(對對感興趣感興趣)。2.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換法詞性轉(zhuǎn)換法:做題之前應(yīng)首先弄清楚括號內(nèi)所給詞的詞性做題之前應(yīng)首先弄清楚括號內(nèi)所給詞的詞性,然后要找到提示詞然后

3、要找到提示詞,以此分析所以此分析所給詞在句中所作的成分給詞在句中所作的成分,最終確定答案。如最終確定答案。如:(1)所給詞為數(shù)詞所給詞為數(shù)詞,普通是基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的互變。普通是基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的互變。;(2)假設(shè)空格在two, many, a number of等表示復(fù)數(shù)概念的詞后,需填復(fù)數(shù)方式。(3)所給詞為代詞,假設(shè)空格在動詞之后,需填賓格方式;假設(shè)空格在名詞之前,需填描畫詞性物主代詞;假設(shè)空格在by之后或者為其他反身代詞的固定用法時,需填反身代詞。(4)所給詞為描畫詞,假設(shè)空格在動詞后,需填副詞;假設(shè)空格在than之前,much之后,或者句中有of the two等比較級的提示詞,需填比較

4、級;假設(shè)空格在one of之后,或者句中有in/among等最高級的提示詞,需填最高級。(5)所給詞為動詞,假設(shè)空格在動詞之后,需根據(jù)該動詞選擇相應(yīng)的固定搭配,填出正確的非謂語方式;假設(shè)空格在介詞之后,需填動名詞。;二、漢譯英的解題方法與技巧1.名詞短語:做此類題,首先要有豐富的詞匯量,同時要結(jié)合語法,判別能否需要變形,最終確定答案。2.動詞短語:此類題主要調(diào)查動詞固定搭配和組合搭配類短語,所以首先要積累大量動詞短語并能予以拓展,同時要結(jié)合語法,判別能否需求變形,最終確定答案。3.介詞短語:此類題主要調(diào)查固定的介詞短語。如:in public, next to, at the same tim

5、e等。;解題戰(zhàn)略解題戰(zhàn)略例1 (2021昆明)It could play chess even better (well)than humans.分析than是比較級的標(biāo)志,因此填well的比較級better。例2 (2021云南)Its important for everyone to know how to ask for help politely .(polite)分析副詞politely修飾動詞詞組ask for help。例3 (2021云南)When youre learning a new language, you cant be afraid to make mistak

6、es , otherwise, you wont get very far.(出錯)分析make mistakes出錯。;例4 (2021曲靖)Beipanjiang Bridge in my hometown is the coolest (cool) one I have ever seen.分析此題所給詞為描畫詞,根據(jù)句意可知需填描畫詞的最高級。例5 (2021曲靖)Boys and girls, safety comes first! Its important for you to learn to protect yourselves (you). 分析 此處表示“維護(hù)他們本人,故

7、應(yīng)填yourselves。例6 (2021曲靖)I have been running into a lot of troubles these days.Take it easy. Problems and worries (worry) are normal in daily life. 分析此題調(diào)查可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)方式。worry的復(fù)數(shù)是worries。;例7 (2021曲靖)With great courage and effort, Liu Chuanjian, a national hero, successfully (success) landed the plane, savi

8、ng over 100 people. 分析此題所給詞為名詞,空格處在動詞landed之前,需填副詞作狀語。例8 (2021曲靖)To better understand the habits of elephants, the government spent a lot of money doing scientific research (科學(xué)研討). 分析scientific research科學(xué)研討,research是不可數(shù)名詞。例9 (2021云南)Its noisy outside. I cant hear you clearly . (clear)分析此題所給詞為描畫詞,空格在

9、動詞hear之后,需填副詞,意為不能“清楚地聽見。;例10 (2021云南)All the people in the world wish to enjoy a beautiful and peaceful life. (peace)分析此題所給詞為名詞,空格在名詞之前,需填描畫詞,意為“安靜的生活。例11 (2021云南)As a book lover , Helen volunteers her time to read books to children at school. (love)分析此題所給詞為動詞,空格在名詞之后,需填名詞,意為“讀書喜好者。;例12 (2021云南)The

10、 thirteenth/13th Games of China will be held in Tianjin from August 27 to September 8. (thirteen)分析此題所給詞為基數(shù)詞,需填序數(shù)詞,意為“第十三屆。例13 (2021云南)Life isnt about waiting for the storm to pass. Its about learning to dance in the rain. (等候)分析此題調(diào)查動詞短語,跟在介詞后,需變形為動名詞。例14 (2021曲靖)The graduation ceremony is on the way. There are some stu-dents making preparations for i