被動語態(tài)易錯題薈萃

1、被動語態(tài)易錯題薈萃一、單項選擇被動語態(tài)1 In no timeby a string of measures backing Hainan s efforts to deepen reform andopening-up.A the landmark decision was followedB was the landmark decision followed C did the landmark decision follow ； D the landmark decision had been followed; 【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考察句子語序。句意：在這重大決議之后會出臺一系

2、列的辦法來支持海南深化改革和擴大開放。In no time （立刻，馬上）位于句首，句子用陳述語序，不用部分倒裝。另外，該句陳述的過去的事情，因而用一般過去時，綜述選A?！军c睛】關(guān)于部分倒裝。部分倒裝，也叫不完全倒裝，指的是謂語部分的be 動詞，情態(tài)動詞或助動詞放在主語之前的結(jié)構(gòu)。常見的部分倒裝分以下幾類：第一，否定性副詞或者賦詞短語，比如seldom， hardly， at no time, in no case, on no occasion 等位于句首時，比如，Hardlydoes he get late. 第二， only 修飾副詞性短語謂語句首時，比如only in this way

3、 can wesucceed而本題中in no time （立刻，馬上）,不是否定意義的短語，故不用部分倒裝。2 At the awarding ceremony held in Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by what inscience and technology.A has discovered B has been discoveredC had discovered D had been discovered【答案】D【解析】句意：在東京舉行的頒獎儀式上，科學(xué)家們驚訝于科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)現(xiàn)?？茖W(xué)家們感到驚訝是過去式，故科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)現(xiàn)用過去完成

4、時，what 于動詞 discover 是被動關(guān)系，故選D。3 The new library ; it will be open next year.A had been built B was builtC was being built D is being built【答案】D【解析】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：圖書館正在建設(shè)中；明年開放。根據(jù)后面一句可推知，圖書館是正在建設(shè)中，所以要用進行時，圖書館是被建的，要用被動。所以本句要用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)。故選D。4 Later Mrs Smith decided to buy that kind of cloth because shetha

5、t the clothvery well.A has been told; washesB had been told; washedC was told; was washedD had been told; was washed【答案】B【解析】考查時態(tài)與感官動詞。主句時態(tài)為過去時，而從句時態(tài)發(fā)生在主句之前，即過去的過去，故用過去完成時。像feel, smell, look, wash 等表示感官的動詞不用被動語態(tài)，直接用主動語態(tài)，結(jié)合前面時態(tài)可知，應(yīng)選 washed。句意：隨后史密斯夫人決定買那種布，因為有人告訴她那種布很好洗。故選B。5 Many artifacts for the f

6、irst time in the National Museum at present.A were exhibited B were being exhibitedC are being exhibited D are exhibited【答案】C【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)與語態(tài)。句意：許多史前古器物目前正在國家博物館首次展出。根據(jù)時間狀語 "at present可知，句子描述現(xiàn)在正在進行的動作，主語 artifacts與謂語exhibit之間是被動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)。故選C。6 Did he decide to take part in the competition? Y

7、es, of course. He to.A has been encouraging B had been encouragedC has been encouraged D was to be encouraged【答案】B【解析】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意： 他決定參加比賽嗎？ 是的，當(dāng)然。他已經(jīng)被鼓勵參加比賽。根據(jù)he 和動詞 encourage 之間的邏輯關(guān)系分析，此處應(yīng)該使用被動形式，故先排除A項。再和第一句話的一般過去時態(tài)結(jié)合起來分析，此處應(yīng)該使用過去完成時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)。故選B。7 Please wear your best clothes on Monday, as your cla

8、ss photos then.A will take B will be taken C have taken D have been taken【答案】B【解析】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：請在星期一穿上你最好的衣服，因為那時你們班將拍照。根據(jù)語境可知，動作發(fā)生在將來，并且是被動，故用一般將來時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)。故選88 When I got to his house, I found that the walls .A are being painted B are paintingC were being painted D were painting【答案】C【解析】考查過去進行時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)。

9、句意：當(dāng)我到達他家的時候，我發(fā)現(xiàn)墻正在被粉刷。根據(jù)句意可知用過去進行時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)，故選Co9 103. When you visit our town next August, a modern sports center, for the National Games are to be held then.A. will be constructing B. will have been constructedC. has been constructing D . is being constructed【答案】B【解析】考查將來完成時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)。句意：明年八月當(dāng)你訪問我們城鎮(zhèn)的時候

10、，一個 現(xiàn)代化的體育中心將已經(jīng)被建成，因為那時全國運動會將被舉行。根據(jù)時間狀語nextAugust,排除C, D兩項，再根據(jù) a modern sports center和construct是被動關(guān)系，排除 A 項，用將來完成時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)。故選 B項。10 It ' s reported that China will not buy the Euro debt until some thorough research.A. has been doneB. will have been doneC. will be doneD. had been done【答案】A【解析】試題分析：

11、考查時態(tài)及語態(tài)。句意：據(jù)報道，直到一些徹底的調(diào)查研究被做出以后，中國 才會買進歐盟債務(wù)，含有not .until的狀語從句，主句一般將來，從句表示已經(jīng)做過研究之后，所以用完成時表示，研究與做之間又是被動關(guān)系，由此綜合兩者，A正確?？键c：考查時態(tài)及語態(tài)11 Chinese kites in ancient times in the shape of birds.A. design B. had designedC. were designed D. have been designed【答案】C【解析】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：在古代中國的風(fēng)箏被設(shè)計成鳥的形狀。根據(jù)in ancienttimes可知

12、，句子用一般過去時態(tài)，根據(jù)動詞與主語是被動關(guān)系，故用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，故選Co12 Oral English exams in China twice a year to give more chances to the students.A. has held B. will be heldC. will hold D . has been held【答案】B【解析】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：英語口語考試將在中國每年舉行兩次，為的是給學(xué)生更多的機會。句中主語 Oral English exams和動詞hold是被動關(guān)系，表示動作將要進行不是完 成，排除D,故選Bo13 一 Are the r

13、epairs finished yet?-Yes, they when I came back home.A would be completed B would completeC had completed D had been completed【答案】D【解析】考查被動語態(tài)。上句：修理被完成了嗎？下句：是的，當(dāng)我回到家的時候它們已經(jīng)被完成。根據(jù)句意可知句子用過去完成時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)，故選D。14 Have you heard about that school bus accident? Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver

14、 .A were savedB was savedC have savedD has been saved【答案】A【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意為： 你有沒有聽說那起校車事故？ 嗯，幸運的是，車all上所有的人包括司機都獲救了。由題干中的Have you heard.可知，事故發(fā)生在過去，且為主語，和save 邏輯上構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，故答案A 符合語境。15 A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who in the mountains for twodays.A are trapping B have

15、 been trappedC were trapping D had been trapped【答案】D【解析】考查語態(tài)和時態(tài)。句意：一個救援人員冒著生命危險挽救了兩個被困在山里兩天的旅游者。 “ who _ in the mountains for two days 是定語從句，修飾 ”two tourists ， two tourists 和trap 之間是被動關(guān)系，該空應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。由risked 可知，營救人員救游客是過去的事情，被困兩天發(fā)生在營救人員救了他們之前，即“過去的過去”，該空應(yīng)用過去完成時態(tài)。綜上， D 選項正確。點睛：過去完成時表示過去某一時間或動作以前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的

16、動作，即“過去的過去”，其表達形式為 had done,被動語態(tài)的表達形式為had been done。16 People believe that the China Dream is not very difficult so long as the wholenation works hard for it.A realizingB to be realizedC realizedD to realize【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查固定句型和語態(tài)。句意：人們相信只要全國人民一起努力中國夢不難實現(xiàn)。be difficultto do 結(jié)構(gòu)中，若主語與其后的不定式為動賓關(guān)系，那么該不定式習(xí)

17、慣上要用主動形式表示被動意義。如：She was difficult to understand at times. 有時候她很不容易理解。能用于此結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞主要有convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible, interesting, nice,pleasant, safe, unpleasant 等。這類結(jié)構(gòu)的特點是句子主語必須是其后不定式的邏輯賓語。故選 D。17 Many subway stations, including the one near our school, at present for a bett

18、ertransport in the city.A are constructing B are being constructed C is constructing D is being constructed【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：許多地鐵站，包括我們學(xué)校附近的地鐵站，目前正在建設(shè)中，以便有更便利的交通。此處表示動作正在進行，句中主語Many subway stations 和動詞construct 是被動關(guān)系，所以此處用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動，與主語一致，故選B.【點睛】現(xiàn)在進行時的被動結(jié)構(gòu)：be + being+過去分詞A number of Dongfeng t

19、rucks are being shipped abroad. 一批東風(fēng)卡車正被運往國外。1) "be being done中的動詞be應(yīng)隨主語作相應(yīng)的變化。2)將現(xiàn)在進行時的主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)的關(guān)鍵是：把be doing 變?yōu)?bebeing done.例 1. The students are cleaning the classroo m now. fThe classroom is being cleaned now.現(xiàn)在學(xué)生們正在打掃教室。(are cleaning 變?yōu)?is being cleaned)例 2. The boy is counting so

20、me sheep.fSome sheep are being counted.那男孩正在數(shù)羊。(is counting 變?yōu)?are being counted)18 Louis Cha (金庸) passed away. As for his achievement, there is such a comment, “ He the Nobel Prize for Literature with his written works translated into English.”A could have been rewardedB must have been rewardedC sh

21、ould be rewardedD need have been rewarded【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞+have done 用法。句意：金庸去世了，至于他的成就，有這樣的評論：他本能獲得諾貝爾文學(xué)獎用他的被翻譯成了英語的著作。A. could have been rewarded 本可以被授予； B. must have been rewarded 一定被授予；C. should be rewarded 應(yīng)該被授予；D. needhave been rewarded本必要被授予。根據(jù)語境，A選項正確?！军c睛】could have done可用于肯定句、疑問句和否定句。用于肯定

22、句既可以表示過去能夠做而實際未做，有惋惜、遺憾或委婉批評之意，通常譯為本來可以“本來能”，也可以表示對過去動作的推測，常可譯為可能（已經(jīng)）”。本句表達金庸本能獲得諾貝爾文學(xué)獎，但卻沒有獲得的惋惜。故A選項正確。19 I want to buy that kind of cloth because I the cloth well.A. have told； washesB. have been told； washesC. was told； washedD. have been told; is washed【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查語態(tài)時態(tài)。句意：因為我已經(jīng)被告知這種布料很好洗，于是我

23、想去買這種布。第一空 中使用現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響，且 I與tell是被動關(guān)系，所以使用 現(xiàn)在完成時的被動形式。第二空中動詞wash與副詞well連用，用主動形式表示被動含義。故B項正確。【點睛】小題2中考查了主動表示被動的用法，涉及主語+不及物動詞+主語補語”句型中的一些不及物動詞使用主動表示被動的用法。具體用法如下：1）系動詞沒有被動形式，但有些系動詞常表示被動意義。常見的有 taste（吃起來）,sound （聽 起來），prove（證明是），feel（摸上去感到）等,例如：Your reason sounds reasonable.你的理由聽起來很合理。Good me

24、dicine tastes bitter to the mouth.良藥苦口。2）一些與can't（不能）或won't（不會）連用的動詞。常用的有：lock（鎖?。瑂hut（關(guān)上），open （打開，營業(yè)），close （關(guān)門）,cut （切割），weigh （重），act （上演），例如：The door won't open.這門打不開。It can't move.它不能動。This shop opens much earlier than it used to. Each stone weighs 2 tons.3）一些與 well（很），easily（

25、容易地），perfectly（十分地）等連用的動詞，如：sell, wash, clean, burn, cook, wash, write, last, read, wear等。這種 動詞+副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，常表示事物內(nèi)部特有 的屬性。例如：The book sells well.這種書很暢銷。These clothes wash well. 這些衣服很耐洗。4）用在生語+不及物動詞+主語補語”句型中的一些不及物動詞， 例如：This material has worn thin.這料子已磨薄了。The dust has blown into the house.灰塵被風(fēng)吹進了房子。This ki

26、nd of cloth washes well and lasts long.The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift writes smoothly.Written in simple English, this article reads easily.5）某些不及物動詞，如 happen, occur, cost以及短語，如 come out （出版），come up （出現(xiàn)）,come into being （產(chǎn)生）come to one' smind （想起）,turn out （證明是）, come about （發(fā)生），br

27、eak out （爆發(fā)）,belong to （屬于）等，本身表被動含義，所以 它們常用主動形式。The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 18th century.Suddenly an idea came to his mind. It never occurred to me to phone you.20 More than one worker dismissed.A have been B areC has been D has【答案】C【解析】【詳解

28、】考查主謂一致和語態(tài)。句意：不止一個工人被解雇了。如果主語由"many a,more than one+單數(shù)名詞”構(gòu)成，盡管從意義上看是復(fù)數(shù)，但謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)形式，故排除 A和B, “工人 ”和 “解雇 ”之間是被動關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)，故選C。21 Please don t stand up in class until you .A were told toB are toldC are told toD were told【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查省略句。句意：直到有人叫你站起來，你才可以在課堂上站起來。在一定的上下文中，為了避免重復(fù)，動詞不定式在句中可以被省略掉，但是要保留

29、動詞不定式的符號to。分析句子可知，本句為一般現(xiàn)在時。故C 選項正確?！军c睛】to 代替不定式在一定的上下文中，為了避免重復(fù)，動詞不定式在句中可以被省略掉，但是要保留動詞不定式的符號to 。 to 代替不定式，常同refuse, want, seem, intend, expect, hope, like, be afraid,prefer, care, oblige, forget, wish, try ， tell 等動詞連用。注意：如果不定式中含有be, have,或have been , 一般要保留 be, have或have been。本句還原為：Please don t stand

30、 up icnlass until you are told to stand up 。省略句為：Pleasedon ' t stand up in class until you are told to。故 C 選項正確。22 This is one of the best films .A that have been shown this yearB that have shownC that has been shown this yearD that you talked【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句和時態(tài)。句意：這是今年上映的最好的電影之一。此處為定語從句，先行詞為

31、the one ,有最高級the best修飾，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)該用 that,在從句中作主語，語境表明使 用現(xiàn)在完成時，而且謂語要用第三人稱單數(shù)，故C 項正確。23 As is estimated, more than 20 million shared bikes into operation nationwide by2025.A will have been put B will have putC have been putD will be putting【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：據(jù)估計，到2025 年為止，全國將有2000 多萬輛共享單車投入運營。根據(jù)by 20

32、25 可知應(yīng)用將來完成時，且主語與謂語動詞構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)為將來完成時的被動語態(tài)。故選A。24 By the end of last year, another new hospital in our city.A would completeB would be completedC was completedD had been completed【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查時態(tài)及語態(tài)。句意：去年年底為止，我們這座城市又建了一個新的醫(yī)院。句中有bythe end of表示 到為止”如果后面接過去的時間，句子要用過去完成時。本句中 by the end of last year， by

33、后是過去的時間狀語，句子要用過去完成時，故選D。【點睛】By表示時間，意為 到時為止”；該詞經(jīng)常與完成時連用。如果后接by后面是現(xiàn)在的時間，句中就使用現(xiàn)在完成時；如果by 后面是過去的時間狀語，就使用過去完成時；如果后面是將來的時間，就使用將來完成時。By the time he was ten, he had learnt about 1,000 English words.到他十歲時,他已學(xué)了約一千個英語By 2012the population of this city will have risen to 20 millon.到 2020 年，這個城市的人口將增至二千萬。By the

34、time Jane gets home, her aunt will have left for London to attend a meeting.當(dāng)簡到家時，她的姑媽已經(jīng)動身去倫敦參加一個會議了25 It is that the financial crisis is disappearing in some countries.A reportedB to reportC reportingD being reported【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查被動語態(tài)。句意：據(jù)報道，金融危機正在一些國家消退。句中It 為形式主語，that 引導(dǎo)的從句為主語從句，是真正的主句的主語，所缺詞為主句

35、謂語動詞，主語與動詞report是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，是動作的接受者，所以用被動語態(tài)。故選A。26 The coach, together with his players, to the party held last Friday night, aimingto celebrate their win in the match.A was invitedB were invitedC has been invitedD have been invited【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查主謂一致與一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。句意：這個教練，和他的隊員一起，被邀請去參加上周五晚上舉行的聚會，目的是慶祝他

36、們贏得比賽。根據(jù)句中的“l(fā)ast Friday night（上周五晚上）”可知，這句話應(yīng)使用一般過去時。句子主語為The coach,為第三人稱單數(shù)形式，“together with介詞詞組作主語的伴隨狀語，不能算作主語，所以謂語動詞應(yīng)與 The coach 保持一致。故選A?！军c睛】主謂一致是指句子的謂語動詞與它的主語在人稱和數(shù)上必須保持一致。簡單來講，即在英語組詞成句的過程中，主語的人稱、數(shù)、格發(fā)生了變化，謂語也必須跟著變化，保證主語和謂語之間關(guān)系的協(xié)調(diào)一致。在英語語法中，這屬于基本的知識點。主謂一致要遵循三個原則，語法一致原則，意義一致原則和就近一致原則。其中語法一致原則指的是主語是單數(shù)

37、形式，謂語動詞也用單數(shù)形式；主語是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語動詞也是復(fù)數(shù)形式。當(dāng)than ，with ， as well as， along with ， together with ， like， rather than ， except， not， but， including， plus， besides， in addition to 等加名詞或代詞結(jié)構(gòu)在主語后面時，謂語不受這些 短語影響，須和其前的主語一致。這屬于語法一致原則中的一種情況。例如本題中使用了together with 結(jié)構(gòu)，所以句子的謂語動詞與主語the coach 保持一致。27 New energy-sharing proje

38、cts in dozens of cities across the country to fuel Chinasharing economy in the next few years.A are to carry outB are being carried outC were carried outD will have been carried out【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查時態(tài)及語態(tài)。句意：新的能源共享項目正在全國數(shù)十個城市開展，目的是給中國未來幾年的經(jīng)濟提供動力。根據(jù)語境可知，表示新的能源共享項目正在城市中開展實施，才能給中國的經(jīng)濟提供動力。要用現(xiàn)在進行時。New energ

39、y-sharing projects 與動詞 carry out 是被動關(guān)系，因此要用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)。A. are to carry out 一般將來時的被動，表示將實施，B. are being carried out 一般現(xiàn)在時的被動，表示正在被實施，C. were carried out表示動作發(fā)生在過去，一般過去時的被動；動。故選B。D. will have been carried out 將來完成時的被28 As we know, it will still be some years before all the metro lines in Suzhou intooper

40、ation.A will be putB are putC will have been putD are being put【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：據(jù)我們所知，距離蘇州所有的地鐵線路投入使用還有好幾年。all the metro lines 與 o operation 是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用被動語態(tài)；在時間狀語從句中，主句是一般將來時，遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”的原則，所以從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。故選B。29 The accident which left 15 people on board dead if both the angry femalepassenger and the bus driver had kept calm.A should have avoidedB should be avoidedC could have avoidedD could have been avoided【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查 “情態(tài)動詞+完成式”。句意：如果憤怒的女乘客和巴士司機保持冷靜，這起導(dǎo)致15 人死