新概念英語第二冊Lesson4

1、 Lesson 4An exciting trip 1. Do you like traveling?2. Where would you like to travel?21st CenturyVisiting the worlds famous landmarks Leaning Tower of Pisa The Empire State BuildingSydney Opera House Big Ben Sydney, AustraliaLondon, UK New York,the USItalyAustraliakangarookoalaSydney Opera House Q1:

2、 What can you see in the picture? Thinking:Q2: What happened to the man? Can you guess?1. How long has Tim been in Australia?Listen and answer the question.Tim has been in Australia for six months.2. What does he do in Australia?He is working for a big firm as an engineer.3. Why is Tim finding the t

3、rip exciting?Because Tim has never been abroad before. This is his first trip abroad.Free Talk:nDo you have a family abroad?nYes, I do. My aunt is in the US now. nWhat is he/she doing there?nShe is an engineer.kangarooSydney Opera House koalaexcitingadj. 令人興奮的excited 感到興奮的-ed自己感到 interested, bored,

4、-ing令人感到interesting,boring,e.g. I am interested in this book. This is an interesting book.words & phraseswords & phrasesnreceive1.接受，收到，接受她收到了一份禮物。She received a present.2.接待，接見總統(tǒng)接見了客人。The President received the guests.v.接受，收到（客觀的收到）e.g. receive a letter (from sb.)This morning I receive a bu

5、nch of flowers.同義 accept同意，接受（主觀）e.g. This morning I received a bunch of flowers but I didnt accept it.receivewords & phrasesnfirm1.n. 公司，商號他在一家工程公司工作。He works for an engineer firm.2.adj. 結實的，穩(wěn)固的這部小汽車非常堅固。The car is very firm.ndifferent adj. 不同的 deference n. 不同，差別，差異 be different from.與不同 我的觀點與你

6、的不同。 My opinion is different from yours. ncenter n. 中心，中央 v. 集中，使聚集在一點盡管倫敦市英國的首都，但是它并不在這個國家的中心。 Although London is Britains capital, it is not at the center of the country.他的興趣都以學習為中心。 His interests are centered round his family.nabroad adv. 往國外，到處，海外，廣泛 go abroad 去國外 live abroad 到國外定居 study abroad

7、到國外學習他在國外生活了許多年。 He lived abroad for many years.你出國度假嗎？Are you going abroad for your holidays? Language points1. I have just received a letter from my brother.收到某人來信2.He is working for a big firm.get a letter from sb.have a letter from sb.hear from sb.在上班、任職,還可以用work at/ine.g.My father works for a c

8、ompany.3. he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. a number of+可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)，number前一般可用large, great, small等形容詞強調(diào)數(shù)量大小。a great many of + 可數(shù)名詞A great number of students are fond of music.A great number of boys like playing basketball.Language points4. He has just bought an Aus

9、tralian car and has gone to Alice springs.He has gone to the south.(還在)He has been to the south.(去過)5. He is finding this trip very exciting.find+n+adj.覺得怎么樣我覺得這部電影很令人失望。你覺得這本書非常有趣嗎？e.g.I find the film disppointing. Do you find the book very interesting? I have just _ a letter_my brother, Tim. He is

10、 in Australia. He has _ there for six months. Tim is an engineer. He is working _a big firm and he has already _a great number of different places in Australia. He has just _an Australian car and has _to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin. From there, h

11、e will fly to Perth. My brother has never _ abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting. receivedfrombeenforvisitedboughtgonebeenListening:True or false I have just received a letter from my sister, Tim. False. I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim.2. He has been there for t

12、hree months. False. He has been there for six months.3. Tim is a mechanic. He is working for a small firm. False. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a big firm.4. He has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. True. True or false 5. He has just bought an American car . Fa

13、lse. He has just bought an Australian car.6. He has gone to Alice Springs , a small town in the south of Australia. False. He has gone to Alice Springs , a small town in the centre of Australia.7. He will soon visit Perth, and then fly to Darwin. False. He will soon visit Darwin, and then fly to Per

14、th.8. My brother has never been abroad there, so he is finding this trip very exciting. True.Lesson 4 An exciting trip I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a big firm and he has already visited

15、 a great number of different places in Australia. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin. From there, he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very excitin

16、g. Summary writingAnswer these questions in not more than 50 words. What has the writer just received from his brother?2. Is Tim an engineer, or is he a doctor?3. How long has he been in Australia?4. Has he already visited many places or not?5. Where is he now?6. Has Tim ever been abroad before or n

17、ot?7. Is he enjoying his trip very much or not?Summary writing nThe writer has just received a letter from his brother, Tim. Tim is an engineer. He has been in Australia for six months. He has just already visited many places. Now he is in Alice springs. Tim has never been abroad before. He is enjoy

18、ing his trip very much. The present perfect tense現(xiàn)在完成時n我住在北京。n我曾經(jīng)住在北京。n我一直住在北京。I live in Beijing.I lived in Beijing.I have lived in Beijing.現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在完成完成時的構成形式時的構成形式havehas（單數(shù)第三人稱單數(shù)第三人稱）助動詞助動詞過去過去分詞分詞Grammarcome-came-comego-went-goneget-got-gotthink-thought-thought+現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在完成完成時態(tài)時態(tài)WinterWinter has has alread

19、yalready comecome. .Grammar: the present perfect tense.Have/has+過去分詞過去分詞用來表示之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動作或狀態(tài)，而其結果卻和用來表示之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動作或狀態(tài)，而其結果卻和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系: 動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去,但它的但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在影響現(xiàn)在還存在。 They have left. -他們已經(jīng)離開了他們已經(jīng)離開了,也就是說現(xiàn)在他們?nèi)瞬辉谶@里也就是說現(xiàn)在他們?nèi)瞬辉谶@里 I have had my lunch. -我已經(jīng)吃過午飯了我已經(jīng)吃過午飯了,也就是說我現(xiàn)在不餓也就是說我現(xiàn)在不餓現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在完

20、成完成時的含義時的含義也可表示也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。的動作或狀態(tài)。 He has learned English since 2001. -從從2001年開始學的年開始學的,現(xiàn)在還在繼續(xù)學著呢現(xiàn)在還在繼續(xù)學著呢3現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài),動詞一般是動詞一般是延續(xù)性的延續(xù)性的,如如live,teach,learn,work,study, know. 一般過去時一般過去時常用的非持續(xù)性動詞有常用的非持續(xù)性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。等

21、。She joined the League three years ago.(加入的動作不是延續(xù)的加入的動作不是延續(xù)的)She has been in the League for three years (since three years ago).(在團內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù)在團內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù))She has been a League member for three years (since three years ago).(是團員的狀態(tài)可持續(xù)是團員的狀態(tài)可持續(xù))Grammarnowpastfuture一般過去時一般過去時一般過去時表示的是純粹在過去發(fā)生的事情一般過去時表示的是純粹在過去

22、發(fā)生的事情現(xiàn)在完成時表示的是在過去某個時間開始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在完成時表示的是在過去某個時間開始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作在的動作/狀態(tài)狀態(tài),或者發(fā)生在過去卻對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或者發(fā)生在過去卻對現(xiàn)在造成的影響Grammar 現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的比較現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的比較 1）一般過去時一般過去時表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或單純敘述過去表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強調(diào)動作的事情，強調(diào)動作； 現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時為過去發(fā)生的，強調(diào)過去的事情對現(xiàn)在的為過去發(fā)生的，強調(diào)過去的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響，強調(diào)的是影響影響，強調(diào)的是影響。I saw this film yesterday.強調(diào)看的動作發(fā)生過

23、了。強調(diào)看的動作發(fā)生過了。I have seen this film. 強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。2一般過去時一般過去時常與具體的表示過去的時間狀語連用常與具體的表示過去的時間狀語連用;現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時通常與模糊時間狀語連用或無時間狀語。通常與模糊時間狀語連用或無時間狀語。一般過去時的時間狀語一般過去時的時間狀語: yesterday, last week，ago, in1990, in October, just now, - 具體的時間狀語具體的時間狀語現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語: for, since, so far

24、, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past few years, recently, -模糊的時間狀語模糊的時間狀語句子中如有過去時的時間副詞（如句子中如有過去時的時間副詞（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）時，不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時，要用過去時）時，不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時，要用過去時錯錯Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.對對Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.Gramma

25、r延續(xù)動詞表示經(jīng)驗、經(jīng)歷；延續(xù)動詞表示經(jīng)驗、經(jīng)歷；瞬間動詞表示行為的結果瞬間動詞表示行為的結果,不能與表示一段不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用。時間的狀語連用。比較延續(xù)動詞與瞬間動詞比較延續(xù)動詞與瞬間動詞 He has finished the work.他已完成了那項工作。他已完成了那項工作。 (表結果表結果)Ive known him since then.我從那時起就認識他了。我從那時起就認識他了。(表經(jīng)歷表經(jīng)歷)Grammarsince 用來說明動作起始時間用來說明動作起始時間 “自從自從”for用來說明動作延續(xù)時間長度用來說明動作延續(xù)時間長度 “長達長達”I have lived her

26、e for more than twenty years.I have lived here since I was born.My aunt has worked in a company since 1949. I have not heard from my uncle for a long time.比較比較since和和for并非有并非有for 作為時間狀語的句子都用現(xiàn)在完成時作為時間狀語的句子都用現(xiàn)在完成時I worked here for more than twenty years. (我現(xiàn)在已不在這里工作。我現(xiàn)在已不在這里工作。)I have worked here for

27、many years. (現(xiàn)在我仍在這里工作。現(xiàn)在我仍在這里工作。)GrammarHe has gone to Shanghai.他他(已經(jīng)已經(jīng))去上海了。去上海了。He has been to Shanghai.他他(曾經(jīng)曾經(jīng)) 去過上海。去過上海。比較比較 have/has been to , have/has gone toGrammarsum up1.過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響或產(chǎn)生的結果。常與表示時間的副詞連用，如yet, just, before, recently, ever, never等。e.g. We have just won the match. I have neve

28、r been to Australia before.一、現(xiàn)在完成時sum up1.表示從過去開始延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，常與表示一段時間的時間狀態(tài)連用，如so far, up till now, since, for a long time, in the past few years, those days等。e.g. So far, he has broken two world records. I have worked here for four years.一、現(xiàn)在完成時sum up3.短暫性動詞在現(xiàn)在完成時中不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用，常見的動詞有die, arrive, l

29、eave, go, refuse, finish, marry, buy等。e.g. His grandfather has died for three years. His grandfather has been dead for three years. I have bought the car for half a year. I have got the car for half a year.一、現(xiàn)在完成時sum up一、現(xiàn)在完成時肯定句：主語+have/has+過去分詞+其它否定句：主語+have/has not+過去分詞+其它疑問句：Have/Has+主語+過去分詞+其它H

30、e has been to Australia.He has not been to Australia.Has he been to Australia?-Will you go shopping with me now?-Sorry, I cant. I _ my shirts.A wash B have washed C washed D am washingHow long have you _ the magazine?About a week. A found B borrowed C received D had_ you _ the film Harry Potter 5?No

31、t yet. I will see it this Sunday.A Did, see B Are, seeingC Have, seen D Do, seeHow is Ann? I _ her for a long time.A dont see B wont see C didnt see D havent seen Hasnt Betty come yet?No, and I _ for her for nearly 2 hours.A wait B waited C have waited D had waitedIs Mr Baker at home? Sorry, he isnt in. He _ to Dalian for vacation.A has gone B went C is going D goesMr. Zhang is