考研英語核心詞匯速成勝經(jīng)Unit 58

1、考研英語核心詞匯速成勝經(jīng)Unit 58 一、      真題文章（2000年Text 3）When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to com

2、e they may be regarded as normal. With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right, it can hardly be classed as Literature. This, in brief, is what the Futurist says: for a cent

3、ury, past conditions of life have been conditionally speeding up, till now we live in a world of noise and violence and speed. Consequently, our feelings, thoughts and emotions have undergone a corresponding change. This speeding up of life, says the Futurist, requires a new form of expression. We m

4、ust speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret modern stress. We must pour out a large stream of essential words, unhampered by stops, or qualifying adjectives, of finite verbs. Instead of describing sounds we must make up words that imitate them; we must use many sizes of type and differe

5、nt colored inks on the same page, and shorten or lengthen words at will. Certainly their descriptions of battles are confused. But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both

6、 fall into the river and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: Pluff! Pluff! A hundred and eighty-five kilograms.' This, though it fulfills the laws and requirements of Futurist poetry, can hardly be classed as Literature. All the same

7、, no thinking man can refuse to accept their first proposition: that a great change in our emotional life calls for a change of expression. The whole question is really this: have we essentially changed?二、      譯文當(dāng)一場(chǎng)新的藝術(shù)運(yùn)動(dòng)形成某種潮流時(shí)，理應(yīng)弄清其倡導(dǎo)者的目的所在，因?yàn)闊o論他們的準(zhǔn)則在今天看來是多麼牽強(qiáng)附會(huì)、荒誕不經(jīng)，將來都有

8、可能被視為正常。然而，就未來派詩歌而言，情況卻很難說，因?yàn)闊o論未來派詩歌是什麼，即使承認(rèn)其理論根據(jù)可能正確，我們也很難將其歸為文學(xué)。 下面就簡(jiǎn)單介紹以下未來派詩人的觀點(diǎn)：一個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，人類的生活狀況被加速了，我們現(xiàn)在生活在一個(gè)充滿喧囂、暴力和速度的世界里。因此，我們的感覺、思想和情感也經(jīng)受了相應(yīng)的變化。加速了的生活需要一種新的表達(dá)方式，如果想詮釋現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的壓力，那麼我們的文學(xué)也必須加速。我們必須盡情傾吐最能表示我們感覺的詞句，中間沒有停頓，沒有修飾性的形容詞和限定動(dòng)詞。我們必須創(chuàng)造出新的詞語來模擬聲音，而不是描繪聲音；在同一書頁上，我們要使用不同字體、不同的顏色、隨意加長(zhǎng)或縮短單詞。

9、當(dāng)然，他們對(duì)戰(zhàn)斗的描述讓人難以理解。但是在一行詩的注解中讀到的內(nèi)容則另人有點(diǎn)心煩意亂，注解中說該行描寫了一名土耳其軍官和一名保加利亞軍官在一座橋上發(fā)生了爭(zhēng)斗，結(jié)果雙雙掉進(jìn)河中而后發(fā)現(xiàn)詩里有他們落水的聲音和他們的體重：“撲通！撲通！185公斤?！边@首詩盡管符合未來派詩歌的要求和原則，但我們很難把它稱為文學(xué)。同樣，盡管任何有思想的人都無法拒絕他們的主張：我們的感情生活起了巨大的變化，因此我們的表達(dá)方式也應(yīng)有所改變，但問題是：我們真的變了嗎？三、      考研核心詞匯attain / E5tein / vt. 達(dá)到, 獲得 v. 達(dá)到例 Leo I

10、oacoco attained the position of President of the Ford Motors.李.雅科卡終于當(dāng)上了福特汽車公司的總裁。同義 accomplish, achieve, arrive, come, complete, finish反義 fail / feil / vi. 失敗, 不及格, 忘記 vt. 使失望, 舍棄, 辜負(fù), 不及格n. 不及格, 不及格者派生 attainable / E5teinEbl / adj. 可到達(dá)的, 可得到的attainment / E5teinmEnt / n. 達(dá)到farfetched / 5fB:5fetFt /

11、adj. 牽強(qiáng)的例 I cannot say how far his story is true. 我不能說他的話可靠到什么程度。principle / 5prinsEpl / n. 法則, 原則, 原理例 These machines work on the same principle. 這些機(jī)器按同樣的原理運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。同義 belief, doctrine, dogma, law, rule, standard, truth反義 exception / ik5sepFEn / n. 除外, 例外, 反對(duì), 異議派生 principled / 5prinsEpld / adj. 原則性強(qiáng)的, 有

12、(道德)原則的固定搭配 in principle 原則上；大致上；通常；on principle 按照原則literature / 5litEritFE / n. 文學(xué)(作品), 文藝, 著作, 文獻(xiàn)例 Literature stands related to man as science stands to nature.文學(xué)對(duì)于人的關(guān)系正如科學(xué)對(duì)于自然的關(guān)系一樣。派生 literate / 5litErit / n. 學(xué)者 adj. 有文化的，有閱讀和寫作能力的conditionally / kEn5diFnEli / adv. 有條件地例 Russia is prepared to co

13、nditionally consider signing border agreements with Estonia. 俄羅斯正準(zhǔn)備和愛沙尼亞簽定有條件的邊境協(xié)議。反義 unconditionally / 5QnkEn5diFEnEli / adv. 無條件地派生 conditional / kEn5diFnEl / adj. 有條件的, 引起條件反應(yīng)的violence / 5vaiElEns / n. 1猛烈, 強(qiáng)烈2暴力, 暴行, 強(qiáng)暴例 He slammed the door with violence. 他砰的一聲猛地把門關(guān)上。同義 anger, force, fury, inten

14、sity, passion, rage, vehemence派生 violent / 5vaiElEnt / adj. 猛烈的, 激烈的, 暴力引起的, 強(qiáng)暴的emotion / i5mEuFEn / n. 情感, 感情例 His voice shook with emotion. 他的聲音因激動(dòng)而顫抖。同義 excitement, feeling, sensitivity, sentiment派生 emotional / i5mEuFEnl / adj. 情緒的, 情感的undergo / 7QndE5Eu / vt. 經(jīng)歷, 遭受, 忍受例 undergo great hardship.

15、遭巨大的苦難同義 encounter, endure, experience, feel, go through, have, meet, suffercorresponding / 7kCris5pCndiN / adj. 相應(yīng)的, 通訊的例 All rights carry with them corresponding responsibilities.所有的權(quán)利都帶有相應(yīng)的義務(wù)。派生 correspond / kCris5pCnd / vi. 符合, 協(xié)調(diào), 通信, 相當(dāng), 相應(yīng)stress / stres / n. 1重壓, 逼迫, 壓力2重點(diǎn), 著重，強(qiáng)調(diào), 重音vt. 著重, 強(qiáng)

16、調(diào), 重讀例 "In fact, stress isn't a bad thing it is often supposed to be.""事實(shí)上,壓力并不像人們所認(rèn)為的那樣是一件壞事。"同義 accent, emphasis, force, importance, insistence, pressure, strain, tension 派生 stressful / stresful / adj. 1. 產(chǎn)生壓力的 2. 使緊迫的固定搭配 in the stress of the moment 一時(shí)緊張；lay stress on 把重點(diǎn)放

17、在.上; under the stress of 為.所迫; 為.所驅(qū)使; unhampered / 5Qn5hAmpEd / adj. 無妨礙的，無阻礙的例 unhampered dissemination of news 無阻礙的發(fā)布消息派生 hamper / 5hAmpE / v. 妨礙, 牽制adjective / 5AdViktiv / n. 形容詞例 demonstrative adjective 指示形容詞派生 adjectival / 7AdVek5taivEl / adj. 形容詞的finite / 5fainait / adj. 有限的, 數(shù)有窮的, 限定的例 Human

18、understanding is finite. 人類的理解力是有限的。反義 infinite / 5infinit / n. 無限的東西(如空間、時(shí)間), 數(shù)無窮大adj. 無限的, 無數(shù)的, 極大的派生 finitude / 5fainitju:d / n. 界限, 限制upsetting / Qp5setiN / adj. 令人心煩意亂的,令人苦惱的例 More upsetting news are waiting for her . 更多令人苦惱的消息在等侯著她。派生 upset / Qp5set / vt. 1顛覆, 推翻, 擾亂2使不適, 使心煩vi. 翻倒, 傾覆n. 翻倒, 混

19、亂explanatory / iks5plAnEtEri / adj. 說明的, 解釋性例 find sb. explanatory and reasonable 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人愿意解釋而且又有道理派生 explain / iks5plein / v. 解釋, 說明explanation / 7eksplE5neiFEn / n. 解釋, 解說, 說明, 辯解, 互相講明fulfill / ful5fil / vt. 1履行2實(shí)現(xiàn), 完成(計(jì)劃等)例 She fulfilled herself both as a qualified mother and as a successful painte

20、r.她充分發(fā)揮了自己的才能既是一個(gè)稱職的母親又是一個(gè)成功的畫家。同義 carry out, complete, discharge, do, execute, finish, perform, satisfy 派生 fulfillment / ful5filmEnt / n. 履行, 實(shí)行四、      強(qiáng)化練習(xí) 1. Lady Gabriella, 24, spent four years at Brown studying Spanish and English _.A. literal B. liable C. literatu

21、re D. limitation2. Hence, depictions of _ among teenagers should be prohibited from movies and television programs, if only in those programs and movies promoted to young audiences.A. violin B. violence C. testimony D. threshold3. Unless we're experiencing some extreme_ like rage, hatred, or dis

22、gust, we have no idea how we feel.A. emission B. excess C. exaggeration D. emotion4. A clown in the operating room may relax anxious children who are about to _ surgery .A. undergo B. underlie C. summon D. undo5. Undertaker will entrust dealers who are responsible 

23、for building service and transport to provide _service for attending exhibition enterprises.A. gorgeous B. corresponding  C. superb D. fantastic6. A pillow that plays relaxing music has been sent by the Danish army to its soldiers posted in Iraq and Kosovo to help them combat _ and tension.A. strict B. stream C. stress D. straight7. Some scholars conclude that a government with _ resources shou