14種技巧解盡高考英語完形填空

1、14種技巧解盡高考英語完形填空完型填空是英語考試中常見的一種題型，這種題被專家稱為障礙性閱讀，也是高考中考生丟分最多，最為棘手的題型之一。完型填空既考察對語法，短語搭配，句型等基礎(chǔ)知識的運(yùn)用，還有對短文內(nèi)容的分析概括能力以及不同語境中不同知識的運(yùn)用。許多同學(xué)在做完型填空的都是都有過“滿江紅”的經(jīng)歷，總是做一片錯一片，看著每一個選項(xiàng)都是“似是而非”，面對選項(xiàng)不知道從何入手。那么到底怎么樣才能做好完型填空，將失誤率降到最小呢？下面我們來介紹幾種方法，讓你輕松突破“滿江紅”。1.跳讀首尾句進(jìn)行預(yù)測一般來講，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。建議同學(xué)先跳讀這兩句，便可判斷體裁，猜想它要講什么。若首

2、句交代了when, where, who, what，即四個W，那么就是記敘文，很可能就是一個故事，為了測試語篇的理解能力，出題者特別注意選材的趣味性，其結(jié)尾往往出人意料，耐人尋味；若首句是提出或解釋說明某事物，一般來說是說明文；若首句提出一個論點(diǎn)，那么就是議論文。首句往往開宗明義，是文章的主題。細(xì)讀首句可啟示全文。而尾句又往往是對文章主題的總結(jié)。所以，它們是了解文章大意的一個窗口，對我們理解全文有著重要的啟示作用。因此，要充分利用段首句提供的信息，去挖掘文章的思路，尋找文章的脈絡(luò)與線索。Evelyn Glennie was the first lady of solo percussion

3、in Scotland. In an interview, she recalled how she became a percussion soloist (打擊樂器獨(dú)奏演員) in spite of her disability.本文主要講述的是蘇格蘭第一位女打擊樂器獨(dú)奏演員Evelyn Glennie在耳聾的情況下成功學(xué)習(xí)打擊樂器的經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)首句給出的信息，下面我們可以猜想Evelyn Glennie學(xué)習(xí)打擊樂器過程必然充滿困難，而能夠在耳聾的情況下學(xué)習(xí)打擊樂器，Evelyn Glennie對音樂肯定也是充滿熱情的。2.利用語法分析解題完形填空雖然以語境填空為主，但也有部分考查語法項(xiàng)目的

4、題目。對于這類題，考生可以利用平時所學(xué)的詞匯知識，分析單詞(組)的使用范圍、動詞的及物和不及物，并利用句子結(jié)構(gòu)、句式特點(diǎn)等知識全面衡量所有選項(xiàng)排除干擾。_51_do you suppose he asked for them?A. What B. How C. Who D. Which【解析】本題中，do you suppose為插入成分。he asked for them是一個相對獨(dú)立和完整的句子，因此空格處應(yīng)該用副詞How來修飾謂語動詞asked，而不能用代詞What, Who或Which。_8_ I had been born in the 16th century, I would h

5、ave had no job.A. Because B. While C. If D. Since【解析】根據(jù)后面的I had been born in the 16th century可知這只是個假設(shè)，是一個虛擬語氣的條件句。故前面要用if引導(dǎo)。3.利用固定搭配解題完形填空題中對詞匯知識的考查，主要體現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣用法和同義詞、近義詞的辨析兩方面。習(xí)慣用法是英語中某種固定的結(jié)構(gòu)形態(tài)，即所謂的“習(xí)語”，不能隨意改動。所以，考生平時應(yīng)掌握好習(xí)慣用法。對詞義辨析題的考查有加大力度的趨勢。要做好這類題，需要有較大的詞匯量和詞語搭配能力、詞語辨析能力，特別是在特定的語境中能靈活運(yùn)用的能力。如:They co

6、uldt read or write. They didnt like to work and they never _12_ baths.A. took B. washed C. ran D. covered【解析】本題考查的是固定搭配take a bath，意為“洗澡”。I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was useless and when I was 14 he said,“Youre never going to be _2_ but a failure.”A. anything B. something C.

7、everything D. nothing【解析】本題考查習(xí)語anything but，意為“決不”“根本不”，即校長認(rèn)為我肯定是一個失敗的人。4.利用固定句型解題完形填空雖然注重考查語境理解，但同時也會考到一些固定句型，考生掌握好這些句型，對確定題目的答案很有幫助。如：I havent had a phone in the house for three weeks now, and its several days _19_ I used a phone box.A. as B. when C. if D. since【解析】本題考查的是itssince句型，意為“自從已(多長時間了)”。

8、這句話的意思是“自從我上次打投幣電話已經(jīng)有好幾天了”。It wasnt long _18_the police caught the thief. 18. A. after B. when C. before D. until【解析】It wasnt long before是常用句型，意為“不久就”。這里說的是不久警察就把小偷捉到了?！癢hy _14_ you take a big man with you? You have to fight the sailor who is drunk.” 14. A. Dont B. couldnt C. cant D. do【解析】Why dont

9、you do sth?是表示建議的固定句型，意為“為何不？”。5.利用復(fù)現(xiàn)信息解題語篇復(fù)現(xiàn)的信息包括原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同義詞和反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、上義詞和下義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、概括詞復(fù)現(xiàn)和代詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。語篇中有詞匯和結(jié)構(gòu)同現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)象，如與語篇話題相關(guān)、意義相關(guān)的詞匯同時出現(xiàn)，結(jié)構(gòu)同現(xiàn)，同義同現(xiàn)，修飾同現(xiàn)，因果同現(xiàn)等。因此，利用上下文尋找解題信息，確定正確答案。First of all, I respected his _3_ to teaching. Because his lectures were always well-prepared and clearly delivered, students crowded

10、into his classroom.A. attention B. introduction C. relation D. Devotion解析】空格后面的句子說到教授的講座準(zhǔn)備充分、講解清楚（well-prepared and clearly delivered），由此可知教授為教育做出了很大的貢獻(xiàn)，devotion to sth意為“對貢獻(xiàn)”，與下文相通。I put my head in, expecting the worst. But to my surprise, the room wasnt empty at all. It had furniture, curtains, a

11、TV, and even paintings on the wall. And then on the well-made bed sat Amy, my new _44_, dressed neatly.A. roommate B. classmate C. neighbor D. companion【分析】名詞同現(xiàn)，空格前出現(xiàn)了room, furniture, curtains, a TV等同現(xiàn)信息可知坐在鋪好的床上的是“我”的室友。6.利用跳讀法解題一般而言，完形填空要填的20空中總有一些空是相對簡單的。對于這類空格考生可以先將其確定下來，之后再逐個去突破其他空。跳過那些不太容易得出答案

12、的題。切忌做題時循規(guī)蹈矩地一個順著一個地去完成?！癡isitors!”repeated Josh, wide awake at once. He_1_ up and looked around. A short distance away, a group of_2_ stood quietly watching us. One of them _3_ walking toward us. We both jumped to our _4_ not knowing what to expect.1. A. sat B. stayed C. thought D. put2. A. pilots

13、B. natives C. editors D. assistants3. A. avoided B. delayed C. began D. desired4. A. boat B. car C. horses D. feet【解析】在通讀全文的第一遍中，我們可以很容易地將第四空填出來，這是固定搭配jump to ones feet (跳起來)；由此也可推出第三空的答案C，因?yàn)橛腥碎_始向“我們”走了過來，所以“我們”才跳了起來；再根據(jù)第一空前面的wide-awake可知，此處指的應(yīng)該是“我和Josh完全清醒，坐起來，環(huán)顧四周”，所以第一空的答案為A；最后，根據(jù)句首Visitors可推知第二空

14、的答案為B。7.巧用排除法解題在有些情況下，考生如果不能很有把握地直接得出某一道題的答案，可以把排除法和詞匯、語法分析結(jié)合起來運(yùn)用，縮小選擇的范圍，提高正確率。如：the woman looked carefully at me _5_ through her glasses, and then questioned me in a low voice.A. as usual B. for a while C. in a minute D. once again【解析】這篇文章講述的是沒有工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的作者找到工作的故事。此題的解題關(guān)鍵詞是carefully，既然是“認(rèn)真地看”，就不會是in a

15、minute (立刻、馬上)；既然互不相識，作者也未曾去找過工作，不會是as usual(像往常一樣)；前面沒說已經(jīng)打量過作者一次了，所以用once again(再一次)是不合理的。He put the books into the return box. And after a brief _6_ in the toilet, he would be on his way to the playground to meet Eric.A. rest B. break C. walk D. stop【解析】此題答案為D。人不可能在廁所里休息（rest, break）或是散步（walk），由此排

16、除另外三個選項(xiàng)。When I started playing _19_ him, he told me I needed to relax because I looked nervous. 19. A. at B. by C. for D. around【解析】此題用排除法，by和around都有“在旁邊”的意思，要選都要選，故排除這兩個答案，play at后接游戲名，是“做游戲”的意思，也可排除。故答案為C。8.利用邏輯關(guān)系解題嘗試從邏輯關(guān)系的高度整體上把握，就會不無驚喜地發(fā)現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系才是征服完形填空的最佳途徑。所謂邏輯關(guān)系并不縹緲，它就隱藏在句子中、句與句之間以及段落的銜接中。通過邏輯關(guān)

17、系的方法，我們可以通過確切、具體的線索，把答案的邏輯意義推測出來，從而在答案中尋找表現(xiàn)了相同邏輯意義的選項(xiàng)。這樣做，使得題目的難度大大降低。(1)句中邏輯關(guān)系Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elements usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and_45_nitrogen. They are different in that their elements are arranged differently, and each vitamin performs one or more

18、specific functions in the body.A. mostly B. partly C. sometimes D. rarely【解析】短文中的usually和and是本題邏輯推理的線索。And前后構(gòu)成了并列關(guān)系，即and前的usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen這些維生素成分和and后面的nitrogen成分形成并列關(guān)系，相應(yīng)修飾carbon, hydrogen, oxygen的usually必然和修飾nitrogen的45空的詞構(gòu)成一一對應(yīng)的邏輯關(guān)系。鑒于此，在45空考慮填入的應(yīng)是和usually相對應(yīng)的頻度副詞，而語義與usually略有不同。

19、mostly和partly都表示了部分、量的含義，與頻度無關(guān)。rarely(很少地，罕有地)雖表示了頻度關(guān)系，但其意義與usually相反，不符合一一對應(yīng)的一致性，因此排除。只有C項(xiàng)sometimes(不時，有時)恰到好處地表示了and前后兩部分的邏輯對應(yīng)。故選C。(2)句間邏輯關(guān)系在此，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)所謂邏輯關(guān)系并不抽象，它往往通過轉(zhuǎn)折、讓步、遞進(jìn)、因果等明確的邏輯關(guān)系詞來體現(xiàn)。當(dāng)然，句子的邏輯關(guān)系也不一定體現(xiàn)在一句話的內(nèi)部，它還可以滲透到篇章的層面上，在句與句之間表現(xiàn)出來。如：Ms Cleveland does not keep her workers on a short leash. _13

20、_, she encourages them to get _14_ ways to do business.A. Still B. Yet C. Instead D. While【解析】根據(jù)前后句子的意思可推出兩句間的邏輯關(guān)系是轉(zhuǎn)折，意思是“Old Mr Cleveland把工人用帶子捆綁起來(沒有任何自由)，而她不那樣，相反(instead)她鼓勵雇員”。(3)段間邏輯關(guān)系這種邏輯關(guān)系主要體現(xiàn)在段落之間的銜接上。如：Not everyone sees that process in perspective. It is important to do so.It is generally

21、recognized, _29_, that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, followed by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, although its impact in the media was not immediately apparent.A. indeed B. hence C. however D. Therefore【解析】這里有兩種情況，

22、第一可能是第二段前后的邏輯體現(xiàn)；第二就是段落的前后銜接。但是，這個題出現(xiàn)在第二段的第一句，那么，從完形填空注重邏輯關(guān)系的命題思路來看，我們優(yōu)先考慮第二種情況。前段末句意為“不是每個人都能夠正確看待這個進(jìn)程”。而第二段首句為“大家普遍認(rèn)為”，顯然這兩者之間存在了邏輯意義上的相反，此處可能體現(xiàn)了一種轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選C。9.巧用背景常識解題解答完形填空題時，有時文章中提供的信息還不夠，還需要把讀者頭腦中儲存的一般知識信息結(jié)合起來考慮，最后作出符合常識的最佳答案。因此，考生的知識范圍越廣，則對文章的理解會更容易，整體上知道所選短文在說什么，那么局部上的每一個空填起來也會得心應(yīng)手。因此解答完形填空題時，考

23、生的英語語言知識和有關(guān)世界的知識，都發(fā)揮著重要的作用。當(dāng)對語言的把握不很準(zhǔn)確時，可充分利用自己已掌握的文化背景和生活常識，巧妙地加以運(yùn)用，先找出并理解文章主題和主線，并根據(jù)主題猜測細(xì)節(jié)，注意從重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞語中尋找、體會文章表達(dá)的氛圍。這樣將會大大簡化復(fù)雜的分析與判斷過程，節(jié)省寶貴的時間，順利地沿作者的思路閱讀下去。如：After _2_ the British flag at the Pole, they took a photograph of themselves before they started the 950-mile journey back.A. Growing B. put

24、ting C. planting D. laying【解析】根據(jù)常識，南極地區(qū)冰雪覆蓋，須費(fèi)好大的勁將旗插進(jìn)極地，plant在這里的意思是“安插”“插牢”，故答案為C planting。Salina Joe began to _2_ when she was one-year old.A. say B. Cry C. Sing D. talk【解析】根據(jù)常識判斷，嬰兒在一歲的時候應(yīng)該是開始學(xué)說話，而不是學(xué)哭或?qū)W唱歌，故答案只能在A、D之間選出。又因?yàn)閟ay是及物動詞，其后面需接賓語，而talk是不及物動詞，其后不需要接賓語，故正確答案為D。10.利用對比結(jié)構(gòu)解題對比結(jié)構(gòu)常把兩種對立的事物或同一

25、事物的兩個不同方面并列出來加以比較或?qū)Ρ?。高考完形填空題常常利用句子之間的對比關(guān)系或者同一個句子的不同部分之間的對比關(guān)系設(shè)計(jì)題目。如：A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and_59_room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on.A. furnished B. expensive C. comfortable D. suitable【分析】本題利用相似短語之間的對

26、比關(guān)系來命題。設(shè)空部分與下文的a small, noisy room with the television on存在對比關(guān)系。作者想借此說明“相同的作業(yè)”對于“不同家庭背景的學(xué)生”所表現(xiàn)出的事實(shí)上的不公平。答案為C。11.利用平行結(jié)構(gòu)解題平行結(jié)構(gòu)指的是結(jié)構(gòu)相同或相似，意思密切關(guān)聯(lián)，語法一致的句子或詞組成串排列的語言現(xiàn)象。這些結(jié)構(gòu)的形式整齊勻稱，內(nèi)容聯(lián)系緊密。命題者常從平行結(jié)構(gòu)的句式相同或相似這一角度，利用其表現(xiàn)意義的關(guān)聯(lián)或?qū)Ρ冗@一特點(diǎn)來設(shè)空。高考完形填空短文常常會出現(xiàn)這樣一些平行結(jié)構(gòu)，掌握這些結(jié)構(gòu)極為相似的句子可大大提高我們的解題效率。如：Many people now think that

27、 teachers give pupils too much homework. They say that it is_51_for children to work at home in their free time. _52_, they argue that most teachers do not_53_ plan the homework tasks they give to pupils.51.A. unnecessary B. uninteresting C. unfortunate D. unimportant52.A. Nevertheless B. however C.

28、 Therefore D. Moreover53. A. considerably B. favorably C. properly D. pleasantly【解析】排比結(jié)構(gòu)由Many people think that.They say that.they argue that.所組成。在意義上表現(xiàn)了人們（學(xué)生家長）對學(xué)生課業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)過重的抱怨。該結(jié)構(gòu)中所設(shè)置的三個空格的正確填入，要求考生首先把握結(jié)構(gòu)所體現(xiàn)的“主題”抱怨作業(yè)太多。其次，要求考生理解三句之間在表達(dá)意義上的遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。即：作業(yè)過多“too much homework”；所以，課余學(xué)生在家做作業(yè)是沒必要的“unnecessary”；不

29、僅如此，教師對作業(yè)的設(shè)計(jì)也不合適“not properly”。故答案分別為A、D、C。12.利用暗示和對應(yīng)解題完形填空題中雖然也穿插了對語法、短語和詞的辨析、句子結(jié)構(gòu)的考查等，但對文章故事情節(jié)發(fā)展線索的邏輯考查仍是重點(diǎn)。暗示與上下對應(yīng)的思維方法，是突破此類完形填空最關(guān)鍵的思維方式?？忌谧鲱}時要有全局觀念，進(jìn)行連貫性思維，做題時要把每個空白處的含義與前后句的意思聯(lián)系起來理解，進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷。難選之處前后通常多有暗示，這種暗示多為后面暗示前面。如：.he would join student groups to discuss a variety of _47_: agriculture

30、, diving and mathematics.A. questions B. subjects C. matters D. contents【解析】此題后面的冒號部分有提示：agriculture，diving and mathematics是他們談話討論的話題，由此可得出本題的答案為B。13.根據(jù)文章的感情色彩解題考生在第一遍通讀時，應(yīng)在掌握文章大意，弄清作者思路的基礎(chǔ)上，著重尋找反映語境褒貶性的標(biāo)志性詞匯或句子，這些標(biāo)志性詞匯或句子往往對文章的語境褒貶性起著決定性的作用。如：When Ed first phoned and _37_(suggested) we play, I 1aug

31、hed quietly, figuring on an _38_(easy) victory. After all, Eds idea of _ 39_ (exercise) has always been nothing more _40_(effort-making) than lifting a fork to his mouth. _41_(As long as) I can remember, Eds been the least physically fit member in the family, and _42_(strangely) proud of himself. Hi

32、s big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers.【解析】讀這一部分，我們明顯看到作者是看不清Ed的，用詞有l(wèi)aughed, victory, nothing more than, least fit, strangely, big stomach等。在這樣的描述下，人們就會很容易地想到，“我”與Ed比賽，那簡直易如反掌(an easy victory)，在“我”眼中他那么差，然而他卻以自己為自豪，我們怎么會覺得不奇怪(strangely)呢？因此從對人物反面的描述，我們得出這些答案就不難了。I wa

33、s so surprised that I was _47_(speechless). My cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape. _48_(As a result), at the point in our game when Id have predicted the score to be about 9 to 1 in my favor, it was _49_(instead) 7 to 9 and Ed was50 (leading).【解析】surprised一詞道出了情況的轉(zhuǎn)折，我們可以看到這時作者

34、用詞的轉(zhuǎn)變。made an effort，get into shape等這些褒義詞的使用對這些空的選擇起到了很好的引導(dǎo)作用。speechless, instead都是由驚訝得出的。The homeless make up a growing percentage of Americas population. _1_ homelessness has reached such proportions that local government cant possibly _2_. To help homeless people_3_independence, the federal gover

35、nment must support job training programs, _4_the minimum wage, and fund more low-cost housing.1. A. Indeed B. Likewise C Therefore D Furthermore2.A stand B cope C approve D retain3.A in B for C with D toward4.A raise B add C take D keep1【正確答案】A【考查重點(diǎn)】語義銜接/邏輯銜接【解題過程】The homeless make up a growing perc

36、entage of Americas population. , homelessness has reached such proportions that.。無家可歸者在美國人口中占越來越大的比例。無家可歸者所占的比例已經(jīng)達(dá)到如此地步，以至于。 選項(xiàng)A. indeed表示強(qiáng)調(diào)；B. likewise與相似；C. therefore因此（強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果）；D. furthermore進(jìn)一步說（表示遞進(jìn)）。根據(jù)前一句make up a growing percentage與后一句reach such proportion that確定后者是對前者的例證強(qiáng)調(diào)。因此，正確答案為A。2. 【正確答案】B【

37、考查重點(diǎn)】語義銜接【解題過程】本題目選擇動詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)謂語。.homelessness has reached such proportions that local government cant possibly . 無家可歸者所占的比例已經(jīng)達(dá)到地方政府都無法的地步。選項(xiàng)A. stand 忍受；B. cope （成功地）對付，應(yīng)對；C. approve 贊成，批準(zhǔn)；D. retain 保留。stand作為及物動詞在句子中要直接連接賓語，但是句子中沒有賓語，因此該詞不符合句子結(jié)構(gòu)； cope作為不及物動詞，可以在句子中表達(dá)完整的含義；C、D項(xiàng)與句意不符。因此，正確答案為B。3. 【正確

38、答案】D【考查重點(diǎn)】語義銜接【解題過程】本題目選擇介詞，選擇介詞與句子中的動詞有直接關(guān)系。原文意為：幫助無家可歸者達(dá)到獨(dú)立。D項(xiàng)toward意為達(dá)成，意在達(dá)到，以為目標(biāo)。C項(xiàng)with可與help構(gòu)成搭配to help sb. with sth.幫助某人做某事，與題意不符。因此，正確答案為D。4. 【正確答案】A【考查重點(diǎn)】語義銜接【解題過程】the federal government must support job training programs, the minimum wage, and fund more low-cost housing. 聯(lián)邦政府必須提供就業(yè)培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目,最低工資

39、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，資助建設(shè)更多低價住房。 句子中the minimum wage與前面的短語support job training program提供就業(yè)培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目和后面的短語fund more lowcost housing資助建設(shè)更多低價住房是并列關(guān)系。由提供信息確定選擇提高之意。raise增加，提高，提高最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，符合句子含義； add也意為增加，但它的賓語一般是具體數(shù)字。因此，正確答案為A?？忌炊谝辉挘瑸榱藥椭鷗he homeless，所以選項(xiàng)必須全部支持這個主題，要選擇與主題態(tài)度相關(guān)的詞。14.綜合利用各種線索解題完形填空題主要考查短文閱讀理解的能力。因此考生必須閱讀全文，弄清句子與句

40、子之間的關(guān)系，準(zhǔn)確理解全文。為了答好題，考生必須從字里行間尋找能夠利用的線索。如書寫和形態(tài)變化線索(graphic and morphological clues)、詞匯線索(lexical clues)、句法線索(syntactical clues)、社會文化線索(socio-cultural clues)，并根據(jù)有關(guān)的線索進(jìn)行猜測，作出合理的判斷。如：And the clerk confirmed that his plane was leaving at nine oclock three days from that daySince he was _44_ in three days

41、, Andy didnt lose anytime.A. moving B. returning C. staying D. leaving【解析】單從這句來看，考生實(shí)難判斷出正確答案，但如果結(jié)合前文，就可以找到設(shè)空部分的解題線索上文中出現(xiàn)的詞匯leaving。故本題答案為D。有時題目的答案在短文中就有出現(xiàn)，如能找出線索，解題就易如反掌。如：Many experts believe parents should gently look over the work of younger children and ask them to rethink theirA. exercises B. d

42、efects C. mistakes D. tests【解析】許多專家認(rèn)為家長應(yīng)簡單地看看孩子的作業(yè)，并讓他們自己重新思考自己做的練習(xí)。能與句中work照應(yīng)的只有選項(xiàng)A。巧用“線索法”做英語完形填空題A formal letter is very different from an informal letter. Formal letters _1_ to businesses ,schools or government offices. _2_letters are for relatives, or former(以前的) teachers. You may write an info

43、rmal letter by hand, but you should _3_ a formal letter.1. A. sendB. are writtenC. writeD. are dropped2. A. InformalB. FormalC. BusinessD. Relative3. A. copyB. typeC. writeD. share【解析】1.選B。該句缺少謂語動詞，而寫信應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。該句意為“正式書信是寫給商業(yè)部門、學(xué)?！?。D雖用了被動，但搭配不當(dāng)。Drop sb a line為“給人寫信(短信)”。2.選A。前面說的是正式書信，這里說的是寫給親戚、好友或以前的老

44、師的，較隨便，即非正式書信。3.選B。通過but可知，此處說的是非正式書信與正式書信的寫作方式的不同，非正式書信可以手寫，但正式書信要正規(guī)得多，得打字。1.巧用因果關(guān)系線索解題即根據(jù)上下文的因果關(guān)系進(jìn)行推斷，從而得出所需答案。如：It was a strange noise that made the man_1_ his car soon after he left a village _2_ London. He got out of his car and _3_ the wheels(車輪) carefully, but as he found nothing _4_he contin

45、ued his way.1. A. startB. stopC. slowD. speed2. A. toB. forC. fromD. of3. A. repaired B. examined C. cleaned D. looked4. A. wrongB. dangerC. interestingD. matter【解析】1.選B。他在去倫敦的路上，一陣奇怪的聲音驅(qū)使他把車停了下來。這可從He got out of his car推測出來。2.選B。leavefor是個固定短語，意為“離開到”。3.選B。在聽到奇怪的聲音后，他停下車來仔細(xì)檢查輪胎(看看出現(xiàn)了什么問題)。4.選A。從下句“

46、他又繼續(xù)趕路了”可知，“因?yàn)樗麤]有發(fā)現(xiàn)毛病”。nothing wrong意為“沒有毛病”。2.巧用具體示例線索解題即根據(jù)文章中所提供的具體實(shí)例進(jìn)行分析，將與具體示例有關(guān)的信息進(jìn)行優(yōu)選，將與具體示例無關(guān)的信息進(jìn)行排除，從而便可得出所需答案。如：Every student must wear their _1_ when they are at school. There are _2_ items of uniforms: suits, dresses ,shorts, skirts and T-shirts. There are also Wasley schoolbags, caps and

47、 socks.1. A. long hairB. thick glassesC. sports shoesD. school uniforms2. A. muchB. threeC. manyD. a lot【解析】1.選D。本段談?wù)摰氖窃谛Ｉ┬７氖虑?，而不是穿運(yùn)動鞋，蓄長發(fā)、戴墨鏡并不是學(xué)校所提倡的。2.選C。suits, dresses, shorts, skirts and T-shirts等是服裝的個例，前面只有填“校服”才與之相配。Though he is serious in appearance, he never fails to be interesting. Often

48、 he is clever, sometimes even _ and gayA. worriedB. brightC. discouragingD. friendly【解析】從Often he is clever來看，此處話題談?wù)摰氖恰八闹腔?聰明”，而even一詞也暗示此處應(yīng)填bright，因bright與clever為同義詞，均為“聰明”。As it turned out, my little publication wenton to become Student, a national magazine for young people in the U.K. My wife an

49、d I have two children, and Id like to think we are bringing them up in the same way Dad _ me.A. controlledB. comfortedC. remindedD. raised【解析】句中的in the same way告訴我們，空格處所填動詞應(yīng)與前面的動詞bring up(培養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育)同義，比較四個選項(xiàng)，答案顯然是D項(xiàng)。3.巧用邏輯順序線索解題即根據(jù)文章所提供的內(nèi)容，同時結(jié)合一定的生活常識，對所推斷的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行邏輯推理和邏輯順序。如：I went to Wasley College with W

50、innic today. Wasley is a large, old _1_. It has three branch campuses(分校): Clunes, Glen Waverly and Elasterwick. It has a primary school, a _2_ school and a senior school. So there are twelve grades of _3_ studying there.1. A. schoolB. factoryC. movieD. hospital2. A. nightB. juniorC. highD. spare-ti

51、me3. A. workersB. boysC. studentsD. teachers【解析】1.選A。從下句話It has three branch campuses來看，Wasley是一所學(xué)校。2.選B。從空缺處所在的位置來看，界于primary和senior之間的學(xué)校當(dāng)然屬于junior。這就是說是順序推測出來的。3.選C。既然是在此學(xué)習(xí)，他們當(dāng)然是students了。4.巧用語篇標(biāo)志線索解題語篇一般指比單個句子長的語言單位，如句群、段落、篇章等。語篇與語篇之間往往有表明其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的詞語，這些詞語可稱為語篇標(biāo)志。如：表示結(jié)果層次的語篇標(biāo)志語有firstly, secondly, thi

52、rdly, finally等;表示邏輯關(guān)系的有thus, therefore, so等;表示改變話題的有by the way等;表示時間關(guān)系的有before, so far, yet, now, later等。在做完形填空題時，如果能充分利用這些語篇標(biāo)志語，就可以迅速理清文章的脈絡(luò)，弄清上下文的關(guān)系。如：First of all, I respected his devotion to teaching_, I admired the fact that he would talk to students outside the classroom or talkFinally, I was

53、attracted by his lively sense of humor.A. LaterB. SecondlyC. HoweverD. Therefore【解析】選B?？忌绻⒁獾搅宋恼律舷挛闹械恼Z篇標(biāo)志詞語first of all和finally，再比較四個選項(xiàng)，顯然只有選secondly最恰當(dāng)。I realized strength and courage arent always measured in medals and victories, but in the struggles we overcome(戰(zhàn)勝).The strongest people are not a

54、lways the people who win, _ the people who dont give up when they lose.A. orB. norC. andD. but【解析】句中的the people who win與the people who dont give up when they lose是兩個表達(dá)十分相似的結(jié)構(gòu)，比較其中的win和lose可知，前后兩個結(jié)構(gòu)屬對比關(guān)系，估計(jì)應(yīng)填but，再結(jié)合句中的not，并聯(lián)想notbut句式，可以推知，此題最佳答案應(yīng)選D。The correct water supply forecast is based more on t

55、he water from the _ than from the below.A. cloudsB. skyC. airD. above【解析】more fromthan from是一個明顯用于對比的結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)后面的the below可知，前面應(yīng)是the above，即答案選D。5.巧用語境暗示線索解題有的空格根據(jù)所在句的句意或附近上下文的語境我們無法作出正確的選擇，要想作出正確判斷，同學(xué)們應(yīng)特別注意空格前后所出現(xiàn)的相關(guān)詞語，尤其注意找出其中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的暗示性詞語。如：Four students from Burlington College of Higher Education are in the bell tower of the _ have made up their minds to ring thebells