英語學(xué)習(xí)(主從復(fù)合句)

1、38窗體頂端高考英語語法講解主從復(fù)合句（附練習(xí)題）主從復(fù)合句（狀語從句、名詞性從句和定語從句） 【考點(diǎn)分析】 狀語從句 1.when， while， as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的區(qū)別； 2.名詞詞組the minute， the moment， the first time， each time， any time等用作連詞，引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句； 3.before，和since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的用法以及常見的幾個(gè)句型； 4.till和until的用法； 5.although， though， as以及even if， even t

2、hough引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的用法； 6.結(jié)果狀語從句中“sothat”與“suchthat”的區(qū)別； 7.條件狀語從句unless， providing/provided， suppose/supposing等引導(dǎo)詞的用法； 8.“疑問詞ever”和“no matter疑問詞”引導(dǎo)從句的用法； 9. in case引導(dǎo)的狀語從句； 10.where引導(dǎo)的狀語從句； 11.once引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。 12.與祈使句、定語從句、名詞從句、倒裝句以及與強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的混合考查。 名詞從句 1. that和what引導(dǎo)名

3、詞性從句的區(qū)別； 2.名詞從句的語序和時(shí)態(tài)； 3. it作形式主語、形式賓語的幾種情況； 4.賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移； 5.whether和if的用法區(qū)別； 6.what在名詞性從句中的使用； 種類類型例句陳述句肯定句We love our motherland. 我們熱愛祖國。否定句They dont go to work on Sundays. 他們星期日不上班。疑問句一般疑問句Are you a worker? 你是個(gè)工人嗎? Havent you seen the film?你沒看過這部電影嗎? 特殊疑問句Who is

4、the man? 這人是誰? When do you watch TV? 你什么時(shí)間看電視? What are they doing now? 他們現(xiàn)在正在干什么?選擇疑問句Do you want tea or coffee? Either will do. 你要茶水還是要咖啡?哪種都行。 Does he learn Japanese or French? He learns French. 他學(xué)日語還是學(xué)法語?他學(xué)法語。反意疑問句They are going to the airport， arent they? 他們要去機(jī)場(chǎng)，是嗎? You

5、 havent finished your homework， have you? 你沒做完作業(yè)，是嗎?祈使句肯定句Be sure to get there at eight. 務(wù)必八點(diǎn)鐘到那兒。否定句Dont worry. Ill help you out. 別擔(dān)心，我會(huì)幫助你的。感嘆句what 名詞What great changes we have had these years！ 這幾年我們有了多么大的變化?。?#160;What a fine day it is！多好的天氣呀！how 形容詞或副詞How brave he is！他多么勇敢呀！ How hard t

6、hey are working！他們工作多努力呀！how 句子How time flies！時(shí)間過得多么快呀！How adj.a （an） n.What a（an）adj.nHow nice a boy （he is）！What a nice boy （he is）！多好的孩子??！ 7.doubt后的名詞性從句的使用； 8.Who / whoever， what / whatever等的用法區(qū)別； 9.連接詞that的省略； 定語從句 1.that與which引導(dǎo)的定語從句的區(qū)別； 2.who、whom與whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句的區(qū)別

7、； 3.關(guān)系副詞where、when與why引導(dǎo)的定語從句的區(qū)別； 4.對(duì)“as”引導(dǎo)定語從句的考查； 5. suchas與suchthat的區(qū)別；the sameas與the samethat的區(qū)別； 6.對(duì)“介詞關(guān)系代詞”的考查； 7.the way 作先行詞時(shí)，定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞作狀語用in which ，that 或者省略； 8.含有插入語的定語從句； 9.與并列句、狀語從句、同位語從句以及與強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的混合考查。 【知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納】 I.句子的種類 復(fù)習(xí)主從復(fù)合句時(shí)，我們首先要對(duì)句子的種類有所

8、了解，才能更深入地掌握主從復(fù)合句的知識(shí)。 按用途分按結(jié)構(gòu)分種類類型例句簡單句主謂They disappeared. 他們消失了。主謂賓He likes swimming.他喜歡游泳。 We help each other. 我們互相幫助。主謂間賓直接賓I told my friend the good news. 我把好消息告訴了我的朋友。 They sent us a telegram. 他們給我們拍了電報(bào)。主謂賓賓補(bǔ)They named the boy Jack. 他們給孩子起名叫杰克。 I want everything ready by eigh

9、t oclock. 我要求一切都要在八點(diǎn)前準(zhǔn)備好。主系表She is a university student. 她是一名大學(xué)生。 He has become a pilot. 他已成為一名飛行員。并列句并列關(guān)系and， not onlybut also， neither nor， bothand， notbut，Either you do it， or I ask for somebody else to do it. 要么你來做，要么我請(qǐng)其他人來做。 Neither Tom nor Jack has finished the homework.

10、60;湯姆和杰克都沒有完成作業(yè)。 Not couldnt they complete the task， but the task was too tough. 不是他們完不成任務(wù)，而是任務(wù)太重了。轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系but，while（而，盡管） nevertheless（然而；不過）John likes playing basketball， but he didnt play it yesterday. 約翰喜歡打籃球，但他昨天沒打。選擇關(guān)系or， otherwise or else， eitherorWe must hurry， or well miss t

11、he train. 我們必須快點(diǎn)，否則會(huì)趕不上火車。 Either you come to my place or I go to yours. 或者你到我這兒來，或者我到你那去。因果關(guān)系for， so， thus， therefore， and soWe had better stay at home， for it was raining. 我們最好呆在家里，因?yàn)樘煺谙掠辍?#160;He didnt work hard， therefore he failed in the examination. 他學(xué)習(xí)不努力，因此這次考試不及格。復(fù)

12、合句由一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的從句構(gòu)成的句子叫復(fù)合句。在復(fù)合句中主句是全句的主體，從句是全句的一個(gè)成分，不能獨(dú)立。從句有： 名詞性從句（主語從句，表語從句，賓語從句和同位語從句） 狀語從句 定語從句 （詳細(xì)請(qǐng)看以下內(nèi)容） II.狀語從句 狀語從句是每年高考必考的內(nèi)容，在高考試題中加上其它從句的干擾，以及倒裝句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句的介入，使得狀語從句更為復(fù)雜。 1.時(shí)間狀語從句 由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：when，while，as，before，after，once，till，until，since，as soon as，now tha

13、t，hardlywhen， scarcelywhen，no soonerthan，有一些表示時(shí)間的副詞（短語）或名詞短語也可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。如：directly，instantly，immediately，by the time，the moment，the second，the minute，the instant，every time，each time，next time，the last time等 重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容如下： when，while，as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句 as表示“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”，往往和when/ while通用，但它著重強(qiáng)調(diào)主句與從句的動(dòng)作

14、或事情同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。 She came up as I was cooking.（同時(shí)） The runners started as the gun went off.（幾乎同時(shí)） when（at or during the time that ）既可以表示在某一點(diǎn)的時(shí)候，又可表示在某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，主句與從句的動(dòng)作或事情可以同時(shí)發(fā)生也可以先后發(fā)生。 It was raining when we arrived.（指時(shí)間點(diǎn)） When we were at school， we went to the library every day.（

15、在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)） When we arrived there，the film had already begun.（先后發(fā)生） while意思是“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”或“在某一段時(shí)間里”。主句中的動(dòng)作或事情在從句中的動(dòng)作或事情的進(jìn)展過程中發(fā)生，從句中的動(dòng)詞一般要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。在when表示a period of time時(shí)，兩者可以互換。 Please dont talk so loud while/when others are working. He fell asleep while/when reading. Strike while the i

16、ron is hot.（不可用as或when，這里的while意思是“趁”） before狀語從句的重點(diǎn)句型 之后才：It was a long time before I got to sleep . 不多久就：It wasnt long before he told me about the affair. 不等就：Before I could get in a word， he had measured me. 剛就：He hardly entered the room before he heard the telephone ring

17、. 先再：You can have a few days to think about it before you make your decision. since 引導(dǎo)的從句用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的過去式（包括過去完成時(shí)），則從句的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束，從句意思是否定的。如果從句的動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性的用完成時(shí)態(tài)，從句意思是肯定的。 He has never been to see me since I was ill.我病愈后，他一直未來看我。（不在生病了） He has never been to see me since I have been ill.我病了，他一直未

18、來看我。 I havent heard from him since he lived here. 自從他這里搬走，我就沒有收到他的信。（不住在這兒了） I know him very well since he has lived here near us.自他住在我們附近以來，我對(duì)他很了解。 Its three years since I was in the army.我退伍已三年了。（不在服役了） Its three years since I have been in the armyIt's three years sinc

19、e he joined the army. 我入伍已三年了。 如果與till與until從句使用的主句是肯定的，則主句中謂語要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞如果與其使用的主句是否肯定的，則主句中謂語要用短暫性動(dòng)詞。另till從句不可以置于句首，只有until從句可以放在句首。not until 放在句首時(shí)主句要倒裝。 2.原因狀語從句 由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：as（由于），because（因?yàn)椋?since（既然），now （that）（既然）， considering that（顧及到）， seeing that（由于）。 I do it because I lik

20、e it.因?yàn)槲蚁矚g我才干。（because不能與 so連用） He couldnt have seen me， because I was not there.他不可能見過我，因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)我不在那兒。 Seeing （that） quite a few people were absent， we decided to put the meeting off. 由于好些人都沒到會(huì)，我們決定延期開會(huì) Now that/Since you are all here， lets try and reach a decision. 既然大家都來了咱們就設(shè)

21、法做一個(gè)決定吧 As she was ill， she didnt come to the party. 由于病了，她沒來參加晚會(huì)。 Considering that they are just beginners， they are doing quite a good job. 考慮到他們才剛剛學(xué)做，他們干得算很不錯(cuò)的了。 重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容如下： because語氣最強(qiáng)，用于回答why的提問，可與強(qiáng)調(diào)詞only，just 以及否定詞not 連用。但不可以與so連用。如You shouldnt get angry just because

22、some people speak ill of you.另外注意與not連用時(shí)否定的轉(zhuǎn)移。He didnt do such a thing because he was afraid of his wife.他并不是因?yàn)榕滤钠拮硬抛鲞@樣的事。 Cf：He didnt do such a thing，because he was afraid of his wife.因?yàn)榕缕拮?，他沒有做這樣的事。 because引導(dǎo)的從句可以被強(qiáng)調(diào)： It was because she wanted to study abroad that she entered for T

23、OEFL as語氣較弱，since語氣也較弱，但比as正式一些，所說明的原因比較明顯或是已知的事實(shí)，多用于口語中，所以不應(yīng)該強(qiáng)調(diào)。常置于句首。 As all the seats were full，he stood there. Since you are going，Ill go，too. for雖解釋為“因?yàn)椤钡皇且粋€(gè)并列連詞，它引導(dǎo)的是并列句，不是原因狀語從句。 The day was short，for it was December. 3.地點(diǎn)狀語從句 由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：where，wherever，anywher

24、e，everywhere。 Anywhere he went，he got warm welcome. The girl takes the doll with her everywhere she goes. Wuhan lies where the Yangtze and the Han River meet.武漢位于長江和漢水匯合處。 Where there is a will， there is a way.有志者，事竟成。 Youd better make a mark where you have any questions.

25、60;哪兒有問題，你最好在哪兒做個(gè)記號(hào)。（這里where引導(dǎo)的從句不是定語從句） 4.結(jié)果狀語從句 由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：that，sothat，so that（從句中不帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞），suchthat，with the result that等。 注意以下幾種結(jié)構(gòu)： soadj/advthat such（a/anadj）nthat soadja/annthatsuch a/anadjnthat so many/much/few/little（少）nthat 注意以上結(jié)構(gòu)與定語從句so/suchas的區(qū)別。 Th

26、is is such an interesting/so interesting a film that/as everyone wants to see it/（it）. He didnt plan his time well so that/so he didnt finish the work in time. 他沒把時(shí)間計(jì)劃好，結(jié)果沒按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作。 We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door. 我們走得匆忙，把門都忘了鎖了。 The village is so sm

27、all that it cannot be shown in the map. 這村子太小，所以這地圖上沒有。 Jenny is such a clever girl that all the teachers like her very much  Jenny is so clever a girl that all the teachers like her very much Jenny是如此聰明的女孩，以至老師們都非常喜歡她。 I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all o

28、ver. 我摔了許多跤，以至于渾身青一塊紫一塊 He has so few friends that he often feels lonely. 他朋友很少，所以經(jīng)常感到孤獨(dú)。 I had so little money then that I couldnt afford a little present. 我當(dāng)時(shí)囊中羞澀連一份小小禮物都買不起 5.目的狀語從句 由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：so that，in order that，for fear that等。目的狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞常與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can， could， may， m

29、ight， should連用目的狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞常與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can， could， may， might， should連用。 （so that也可用來引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，但從句中不帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞） Lets take the front seats （so） that we may see more clearly. 我們坐前排吧，這樣我們看得更清楚些。 School was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm. 早點(diǎn)兒放學(xué)是為了讓孩子們

30、在暴風(fēng)雨到來之前回家。 He took the name down for fear that he should forget it. 他把名字寫下省得忘了。（該從句中一般用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should動(dòng)詞原形，或省略should） Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. 最好多帶些衣服以防天氣會(huì)冷。 注意：so that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句只能放在主句之后，in order that 引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句可以放在主句之前或之后。 6.條件狀語從句 分為真實(shí)條件句和非

31、真實(shí)條件句（用在虛擬語氣中）。 表示條件的狀語從句可以由if（如果），unless（除非）， in case（萬一）， so /as long as（只要）， as/ so far as（就而言）， on condition that（條件是）suppose（假設(shè)）supposing（假設(shè)）（僅用在問句中） 等詞或詞組引導(dǎo)。一般情況下當(dāng)主句是將來時(shí)的時(shí)候，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 As/So long as we dont lose heart， well find a way to overcome the difficulty. 只要我們不灰心，我們就能

32、找到克服困難的方法。 Send us a message in case you have any difficulty.萬一你有什么困難，請(qǐng)給我們一個(gè)信兒。 If you leave at 6 oclock tomorrow morning， youd better get to bed now. 如果你明早6點(diǎn)鐘走，你最好現(xiàn)在就上床。 Well let you use the room on condition that you keep it clean and tidy. 只要你能保持整潔，我們可以讓你使用這個(gè)房間。 As/S

33、o far as I know， he is an expert on DNA.據(jù)我所知，他是一個(gè)DNA專家。 Hell accept the job unless the salary is too low/ if the salary is not too low. 他會(huì)接受這項(xiàng)工作的，除非薪水太少/如果薪水不太少的話。 Suppose/Supposing we cant get enough food， what shall we do? 假設(shè)我們弄不到足夠的食物，那我們?cè)趺崔k? 7.讓步狀語從句 由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：althoug

34、h，though，as，even if， even though，while，whetheror，whoever，whatever，however， no matter疑問詞等。 We wont be discouraged even if（even though） we fail ten times. 我們就是失敗十次也不泄氣。 It was an exciting game， though / although no goals were scored. 那是一場(chǎng)精彩的球賽，盡管一個(gè)球都沒進(jìn)。 Whether you believ

35、e it or not， its true.不管你信不信，這是真的。 However （No matter how） expensive it may be， Ill take it.無論它有多貴，我也要買下它。 Dont let them in， whoever（no matter who） they are.不管他們是誰，別讓他們進(jìn)來。 No matter what I say or how I say it， he always thinks Im wrong.無論我說什么或怎么說，他總認(rèn)為是我錯(cuò)。 注意以下幾點(diǎn)： although，th

36、ough引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，主句前不能用but，但可以加yet，stil。 He refuses help although he has many friends who want to offer all kinds of help. as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，必須用前置結(jié)構(gòu)，通常是從句中的表語、狀語或動(dòng)詞原形放在句首，放在句首的名詞前的冠詞要去掉。 Child as（though）he is， he knows a lot.（注意在child前不要用冠詞） Much as I like it， I wont buy. Try as he w

37、ould， he couldnt lift the heavy box. 8.方式狀語從句 由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：as，as if，as though，the way等。 Do it the way you were told. 注意以下幾點(diǎn)： as引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句時(shí)意義為“按照”，“如同”，前面常用加強(qiáng)語勢(shì)。 I did it just as you told me. as if和as though 引導(dǎo)的從句中，謂語常用虛擬語氣，有時(shí)也用陳述語氣。 連詞while 和whereas 可表示對(duì)比。 Where

38、as he is rather lazy，she is quite energetic. 9.比較狀語從句 由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：asas，not asas，not soas，than等（詳情請(qǐng)參見【專題三】形容詞和副詞）。 10.注意狀語從句中的省略現(xiàn)象 連接詞過去分詞 Unless repaired， the washing machine is no use. 連詞現(xiàn)在分詞 Look out while crossing the street. 連詞形容詞/其他 常見的有if necessary、if p

39、ossible、when necessary、if any等。 比較狀語從句中的省略句。如：He arrived home half an hour earlier than （he had been）expected. III.名詞性從句 在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句（Noun Clauses）。名詞性從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組，它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞性從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連詞可分為三類： that（不充當(dāng)從句的

40、任何成分，無詞義。只起連接作用，因此往往可以省略。） whether， if（不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分，均表示“是否”表明從句內(nèi)容的不確定性。不可以省略。） as if，as though（均表示“好像”，“似乎”） what， whatever， who， whoever， whom， whose， which when， where， how， why Who cleaned the blackboard is not known yet.誰擦的黑板還不知道。 What he said is not true.他說的不是實(shí)話 

41、;That hell come to see us is really great.他來看我們真是太好啦。 I dont know why he is absent.我不知道為什么他不在。 The question is whether he will join us next time.問題是下次他是否跟我們一起干。 It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。 1.主語從句 由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句： Whether the country should build a nuclear

42、 power station is something we must discuss. 那個(gè)國家是否應(yīng)該建立核電站 That light travels in straight line is known to all .光以直線傳播 由連接代詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句： What we need is more time. 我們所需要的是 Whichever book you choose doesnt matter to me.無論你選哪本書 Whoever comes will be welcome.無論誰來 由連接副詞引導(dǎo)的

43、主語從句： When the plane is to take off hasnt been announced.飛機(jī)什么時(shí)候起飛 Where he has been is still a puzzle.他到過哪兒 How much water is flowing can be measured easily.水的流量是多少 關(guān)于形式主語 it It be 形容詞 that-從句 It is necessary that 有必要 It is important that重要的是 It is obvious tha

44、t很明顯 It is likely that.很可能 It be -ed 分詞 that-從句 It is believed that人們相信 It is known to all that眾所周知 （注意該句型的變式：It is known to all that the earth goes around the sun.As is known to all，the earth goes around the sun.What is known to all is that the earth goes around the sun.）&#

45、160;It has been decided that已決定 It be 名詞 that-從句 It is common knowledge that 是常識(shí) It is a surprise that令人驚奇的是 It is a fact that事實(shí)是 可應(yīng)用于此句型的名詞還有fact / shame / honor / question/pity等。 It 不及物動(dòng)詞 that-分句 It appears that似乎 It happens that碰巧 It occurred to me tha

46、t我突然想起 It doesnt matter whether he likes or not. 2.表語從句 可以接表語從句的連系動(dòng)詞有 be， look， remain， seem等等。 The problem is that millions of people die of illnesses caused by smoking. 數(shù)百萬人死于由抽煙引起的疾病 The question remains whether we can win the game.我們是否能贏得這次比賽 Thats just what I

47、want. 我想要的 This is where our problem lies. 我們的問題所在 The difficulty is how we can help smokers kick their habit我們?nèi)绾螏椭鼰煹娜?#160;注意： 表語從句的表現(xiàn)形式除了用從屬連詞，連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)以外，還可以由as， as if，as though引導(dǎo) Things were not as they seemed. It looks as though it is going to rain.好象要下雨了。 另外還要注

48、意以下常用的兩種結(jié)構(gòu)：The reason whyis that （而不用 because） It （ This， That ） is because The reason why he was dismissed is that he didnt work hard. 他為什么被開除是因?yàn)樗ぷ鞑慌Α?#160;It is because the tobacco companies want to remain in business. 3.同位語從句 同位語從句一般由 that， whether 等連詞引導(dǎo)，常放在 advice， doubt， f

49、act， hope， idea， information， message， news， order， possibility， problem， question， reason， truth， word， suggestion.等名詞的后面，說明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。 The news that he had landed on the moon spread all over the world. 登陸月球. I have no idea when he will be back. 什么時(shí)候回來 The thought came to him that Mary

50、 had probably fallen illMary也許病了 He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.是否同意 4.賓語從句 賓語從句可以作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語，介詞的賓語，某些形容詞的賓語以及非謂語動(dòng)詞的賓語。 及物動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句： She will give whoever needs help a warm support任何需要幫助的人 I wonder why she refused my invitation她為什么拒絕了我的邀請(qǐng) 介詞

51、后的賓語從句： I always think of how I can improve my spoken English.我總是在思考如何提高我的口語水平。 The teacher is satisfied with what she has said. 老師對(duì)他所說的話很滿意。 某些形容詞后的賓語從句： I am sure that you will make greater progress in English through hard work. 通過努力工作，你將取得更大的進(jìn)步 We are surprised that

52、he has left without saying goodbye to us.他沒有告別就走了 非謂語動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句： Realizing that it was just a difference in custom， the foreigner smiled and said nothing. On being asked whether he had had a good time in Australia， he answered “Terrible ”. 關(guān)于形式賓語it We must make it clear that a

53、nyone who breaks the law will be punished. 我們必須清楚任何違犯法律的人都將受到懲罰。 I find it necessary that we should ask him for his advice.我發(fā)現(xiàn)我們有必要征求他的意見。 5.名詞性從句重難點(diǎn) 在名詞性從句中，疑問句要用陳述句的語序。例如： Can you make sure _the gold ring ? A.where Alice had put B.where had Alice put C.where Alic

54、e has put D.where has Alice put You can't imagine _when they received these nice Christmas presents. A.how they were excited B.how excited they were C.how excited were they D.they were how excited 動(dòng)詞 doubt 用在疑問句或否定句中，其后賓語從句常用 that 作連接詞；用在肯定句中，連接詞用 whether 或 if 皆可，而不用that。

55、0;Do you doubt that he will win ? I don't doubt that your proposition is wrong . He doubt whether I know it . 否定轉(zhuǎn)移問題。 將think， believe， suppose， expect， fancy， guess， imagine等動(dòng)詞后面跟賓語從句時(shí)否定轉(zhuǎn)移 I don't think I know you.我想我并不認(rèn)識(shí)你。 I don' t believe he will come.我相信他

56、不回來。 We don't expect he will come tonight ， will he ? 注意：若謂語動(dòng)詞為hope，賓語從句中的否定詞不能轉(zhuǎn)移。 I hope you weren't ill. 我想你沒有生病吧。 將seem， appear 等后的從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移 It doesn't seem that they know where to go. 看來他們不知道往哪去。 It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorr

57、ow. 看來我們明天不會(huì)碰上好天氣。 主謂一致問題。 What he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world. What I bought were three English books. 語氣問題 在含有 suggest ， order ， demand ， propose ， command ， request ， insist， desire， require， advise 等表示要求、命令、建議、決定等意義的動(dòng)詞后，that從句常用“should動(dòng)詞原形”的結(jié)構(gòu)

58、 I suggest we （should） set off at once. 我建議我們應(yīng)該立刻出發(fā)。 在It is 過去分詞that的主語從句中 decided，demanded，desired，insisted，ordered，proposed，suggested，recommended，requested， required等。 It is desired that we（should）get everything ready this evening. 在表語從句或同位語從句中 The suggestion that the mayo

59、r （should） present the prizes was accepted by everyone. 在It is（was）形容詞that從句中要用虛擬語氣，即（should ）動(dòng)詞原形，表示建議或不滿、驚奇等情緒。常用于此類的形容詞有 essential，important，natural，necessary，possible，strange，等。 It is necessary that a college student _at least a foreign language.（上海1993） A.masters B.should master C.mastered D.will master What引導(dǎo)名詞從句的特殊含義： What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality. （