中考英語(yǔ)任務(wù)型閱讀題講練

1、中考英語(yǔ)任務(wù)型閱讀解題思路與技巧任務(wù)型閱讀理解是根據(jù)任務(wù)型教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)而成的，它是介于任務(wù)理解與書面表達(dá)之間的一種題型。它要求學(xué)生在閱讀文章后能對(duì)文章中某些細(xì)節(jié)做到準(zhǔn)確把握或?qū)φ恼逻M(jìn)行提煉概括，是一種讀寫結(jié)合的題型。這種題型既考查學(xué)生的閱讀理解能力，也考查學(xué)生的分析問(wèn)題、解決問(wèn)題的能力，還考查學(xué)生運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言將有關(guān)內(nèi)容以文字形式正確地表達(dá)出來(lái)的能力?？v觀去年的中考試題，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)閱讀材料難度整體適中，材料后的題目設(shè)計(jì)難度并不很大，但是學(xué)生在實(shí)際做題過(guò)程中，經(jīng)常會(huì)犯一些錯(cuò)誤，導(dǎo)致不必要的失分。因此我們有必要讓同學(xué)們掌握一些解題方法。完成任務(wù)型閱讀的過(guò)程就是：閱讀（信息輸入）判斷、分析、概括、推理（

2、信息加工與處理）答題（信息輸出）。具體說(shuō)來(lái)，任務(wù)型閱讀的解題策略包括以下幾個(gè)方面：一、 確定閱讀任務(wù)任務(wù)型閱讀一般提供一段或幾段閱讀材料，在材料后設(shè)置5 個(gè)任務(wù)，做題時(shí)我們應(yīng)先閱讀所給的任務(wù)，明確任務(wù)是什么，再帶著任務(wù)去閱讀材料，這樣就能做到心中有數(shù)，有針對(duì)性的去讀，并能提高閱讀效率。二、 讀全文，了解大意明確任務(wù)后，應(yīng)迅速閱讀全文來(lái)了解文章主要內(nèi)容，以及文章的感情基調(diào)、作者的意圖、態(tài)度傾向。三、仔細(xì)閱讀題干，帶著問(wèn)題復(fù)讀原文要仔細(xì)閱讀題干（即問(wèn)題），明白問(wèn)題的指向。讀完問(wèn)題，就應(yīng)該能判斷出問(wèn)題的設(shè)計(jì)是針對(duì)一個(gè)單詞、一句話、一段話，還是全文。試題的題干決定了答題時(shí)不同的閱讀范圍，尤其值得注意。

3、四、仔細(xì)研讀細(xì)節(jié)，答題必須符合題目要求任務(wù)型閱讀不僅考查學(xué)生閱讀理解層面的能力，更加注重考查學(xué)生“寫”的能力。若是寫單詞，則要注意拼寫正確，詞形、詞性有無(wú)變化，是否需要大寫；若所要完成的是短語(yǔ)或句子成分，則需謹(jǐn)慎對(duì)待，依據(jù)所給題干分析要完成的是什么句子成分，需用什么樣的表達(dá)方式，不可簡(jiǎn)單草率地將文中信息直接挪用。 任務(wù)型閱讀的主要題型及答題策略：1、根據(jù)短文回答問(wèn)題 找準(zhǔn)相應(yīng)的段落，節(jié)選有用的句子。根據(jù)答題需要，把有用的句子進(jìn)行合理地整合，盡量簡(jiǎn)潔。2、句型轉(zhuǎn)換(主要是復(fù)合句與簡(jiǎn)單句的轉(zhuǎn)換) sothat tooto enough to 賓語(yǔ)從句疑問(wèn)詞+ to do簡(jiǎn)單句賓語(yǔ)從句主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)互換

4、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句互換：after+從句 notuntil +從句,并列句與復(fù)合句轉(zhuǎn)換（尤其是條件狀語(yǔ)從句）：3、同義句轉(zhuǎn)換這類題目注意詞的 固定搭配、習(xí)慣用法 、詞語(yǔ)釋義。根據(jù)釋義寫文中出現(xiàn)的單詞， 注意詞性、詞形。來(lái)源于文章，但要注意變形。 一般而言，名詞用單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞用原形，形容詞與副詞一般用原級(jí)。4、就劃線部分提問(wèn)這部分題要注意疑問(wèn)詞的運(yùn)用以及時(shí)態(tài)的綜合運(yùn)用，平時(shí)要注意所學(xué)疑問(wèn)詞的具體意思，如：what(什么)，how(怎樣)，where(哪里)，how long(多久)，how often(多久一次)等等。5、概括文章的大意或給文章添加標(biāo)題從文章中找出能概括文章中心思想的主題句。注意文章的標(biāo)

5、題、開(kāi)頭與結(jié)尾。注意出現(xiàn)頻率較高的詞，這就很有可能是主題詞，通過(guò)分析主題詞在本文的意義，結(jié)合文中主題詞所在的一些相關(guān)句子，整合出主題句?？傊蝿?wù)型閱讀理解不同于傳統(tǒng)的閱讀理解，它介于閱讀理解與寫作之間，教師應(yīng)該適應(yīng)新課改的要求，掌握任務(wù)型閱讀理解的特點(diǎn)，在復(fù)習(xí)階段，可整合課本中的課文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行任務(wù)型閱讀訓(xùn)練，加強(qiáng)學(xué)生任務(wù)型閱讀能力的培養(yǎng)。【典型訓(xùn)練】1任務(wù)型閱讀理解：仔細(xì)閱讀下面的短文并按要求完成后面的小題。Just as in face-to-face communication, there are some basic rules of behavior(行為) that should

6、be followed on the Internet. The basic rule is simple: treat others in the same way you would want to be treated. Imagine how youd feel if you were in the other persons shoes.For anything youre about to send: ask yourself, “ Would I say that to the persons face?” If the answer is no, rewrite and rer

7、ead. If someone in the chat room is rude to you, you neednt to fire back. You should either ignore(不理睬) the person, or use your chat software to block their messages. Remember to respect the beliefs and opinions of others in the chat room.Offer advice when asked by newcomers, as they may not be sure

8、 what to do or how to communicate. When someone makes a mistake, be kind about it. If you do decide to tell someone about the mistake, point it out politely. At the same time, if you find you are wrong, be sure to correct yourself and apologize to those that you have offended(冒犯).詢問(wèn)別人諸如年齡、性別和家庭情況等隱私

9、問(wèn)題是不禮貌的。Unless you know the person very well, and you are both comfortable with sharing personal information, or dont ask such questions.76. In the chat room we must respect others _ and _.77. When you find you make a mistake in the chat room, what should you do?_78.將劃線部分翻譯成漢語(yǔ)_79.選擇一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)木渥臃旁谔巁A. Fir

10、st impressions last longest. B. Everyone was new to the network once.C. The internet has opened up a whole new world for us.D. Even if you feel strongly about it, think twice before saying anything.80.將劃線部分翻譯成英語(yǔ)：Key：76. beliefs, opinions77. I should correct myself and apologize to those that I have

11、offended.78. 你要設(shè)身處地為別人著想。79. B80. It is impolite to task others personal questions such as their age, sex and families.2閱讀短文。然后根據(jù)題目要求及所給語(yǔ)境完成下列四項(xiàng)任務(wù)。 Co-operation(合作)is always needed when you make a project that the teacher gives youFirst，discuss all you would like to do with your classmatesChoose one

12、 of the members to writedown what!youre talking aboutThen，with the ideas you get，list all you wantEveryone shares tlle duty for the projectYou can collect information not only from books but also on the IntemetMaking a sunrey(調(diào)查)and doing a research are also good waysAfter that，all the members put w

13、hat has been found togetherTry to make the project more wellorganizedIn the end，you can give a report in front of your class to show the results of your hard work根據(jù)英文釋義及首字母提示。拼寫單詞。71.i_plan；opinion 72.s_use，pay or have something with others同義旬轉(zhuǎn)換。每空一詞。 You can collect information not only from books

14、but also on the Intemet You Can collect information 73_from books 74_on the Intemet根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)答問(wèn)題。 What can you give in front of your class to show the results of your hard work? 75_Key：71idea 72share 73both 74and 75A report任務(wù)性閱讀專項(xiàng)練習(xí)1Today it is found that most middle school students pay little attentio

15、n to sports. Its because they have no interest in sports? It may not be the fact.They often say they have other more important things to do. What are these important things? Exams! They usually spend over ten hours a day revising for exams. So many of them almost become bookworms. In the summer holi

16、days they could hardly do anything they like. Books _ them from going in for _. 因?yàn)閬?lái)自父母和老師的壓力,他們不得不更加努力學(xué)習(xí).As for the students themselves, they want to get good results so that they can go further for their studies. They dont have to put all their effort into studying and give up all the sports and ho

17、bbies. In fact, education cannot go without physical exercise, because a quick mind hardly goes along a week body.All the students should remember: If you dont have a strong body, you can never achieve anything, let alone a great success in your life. 1、在句的空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~使句意完整，上下文通順。 2、將句譯成英文。 _ 3、將句譯成中文

18、_4、寫出與下列句子意思相近的句子:It usually takes them more than ten hours to revise for exams. _5、找出文中或?qū)懗鲎钅鼙磉_(dá)該短文主題的句子。 _2Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today. People didnt have modern machines. There was no modern medicine, either.Life today has brought new problems.One of the biggest prob

19、lems is pollution. Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty. It killed our fish and _a_ our drinking water. _b_ pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution. Its hard to all the living things in the world.Cars, planes and

20、 factories all pollute our air every day, （2）sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt(被子) over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog.Many countries are making rules to flight pollution. Factories must now clean their water before it is poured away, they mustnt blow dirty sm

21、oke into the air.We need to do many other things. We can put waste things in the dustbin and not throw it on the ground. We can go to work by bus or with our friends in the same car, (3)開(kāi)車的人少了，空氣污染就少了。 1. 在橫線上填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~ a._ b. _.(每空一詞)2. 將句子(2)譯成漢語(yǔ)_3. 將句子(3)譯成英語(yǔ)_4. 找出Dirty water must be stopped from du

22、mping into the river. 的同義句._5. 找出或?qū)懗瞿芨爬ū疚拇笠獾木渥?。_3All living things on the earth need other living things to live with. Nothing lives alone.Sometimes one living thing kills another. Each kind of life eats another kind of life in order to live, and together they form a food chain(食物鏈). 1）有些食物鏈簡(jiǎn)單而其它的不盡

23、然。But all food chains begin with the sun, and all food chains become broken if one of the links disappears.All life needs sunlight to live on. But only plants can use sunlight directly. They make food from sunlight, water, air and so on. 2）Animals can only use the suns energy after it has been chang

24、ed into food by plants. Some animals feed directly on plants. Others eat smaller animals. Meat-eating animals are only eating plants indirectly.What about human beings? We are members of many food chains. We eat wheat, rice, vegetables, fruit and so on. We also eat meat and drink milk. But people of

25、ten break up the food chains. They kill wild animals. They also make rivers, lakes and seas dirty. 3）When these rivers, lakes and seas are _, the fish in them cannot be _. If people eat the fish, they will get strange diseases. Each form of life is linked to all the others. Breaking the links puts a

26、ll life in danger.1、將(1)處的漢語(yǔ)譯成英文。  2、將(2)處的英文譯成漢語(yǔ)。  3、在(3)處的空白處填上適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。 4、在文中劃出與下列句子意思相近的句子：The animals that eat meat are not just eating plants directly._ 5、找出文中或?qū)懗鲎钅鼙磉_(dá)該短文主題的句子： 4Did you see snow in your hometown last winter? Did you feel it was warmer than before?"(2)自1986年以來(lái)中國(guó)已有21個(gè)

27、暖冬了," said scientists. They also said that in the past 100 years, as the global (全球的) temperatures went up by 0.74 °C , the temperature in North China has climbed 1.4 °C in only 50 years.China needs to (1) to cut carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) emission (排放),because it's the main reason for

28、 global warming. The good news is that China has seen the importance of going green. China set the goal of cutting energy use by 20 and pollution emission by 10 in the 11th Five-Year Plan.Can you slow down global warming? Sure! (3)You and your family can take steps to cut the amount of carbon dioxid

29、e that is sent out into the air.Here are some pieces of advice to help you save the earth. Wear used clothes. Wearing your brother's, sister's or dad's old T-shirt means you save the energy. Change your light bulbs (燈泡). Use energy-saving light bulbs. And don't forget to turn off the

30、 lights when you leave a room and turn off your television and computer when they are not in use! Ride the bus. Taking a bus saves a lot of oil every year. Say no to plastic bags. The next time your parents go to the market, ask them to use baskets Open a window. Don't use the air conditioner (空

31、調(diào)), and let some fresh air in. When you have to use the conditioner, set the temperature higher in the summer and lower in the winter to save energyMake small changes in your daily life. Don't use paper cups, bags and boxes.It's time for all of us to do something to save the earth.1. 在(1)空白處

32、填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~:_2. 將(2)翻譯成英文. 3. 將(3)翻譯成中文. 4. 請(qǐng)?jiān)谖闹姓页鱿戮涞耐x:Remember to turn off the electrical equipment when leaving home or when they are not in use._5找出能概括本文中心思想的短語(yǔ)： 5American and British people both speak English of course. But sometimes it does not seem like the same language. In fact, there are some i

33、mportant differences between British English and American English.First of all, they sound very different. Often, Americans dont say each word separately. They say several words together. Americans may say “I dunno” instead of “I dont know.” Or they may say “Whaddya say?” instead of “What did you sa

34、y?” However, the British are more careful in their speech. They usually say all the words and keep them separate.(3)Sound is not only the difference between British English and American English. Words sometimes have different meanings too. Some American words are never used in England. The same thin

35、g is true of some British words in America. For example, the vocabulary for cars and driving is very different. Americans drive trucks, but in England people drive lorries.Many expressions are also different in the two countries. In England, if you are going to telephone your friends, you “phone the

36、m up”. In America, you “give them a call”. When you are saying goodbye in England you might say “Cheerio!” In America you might say “See you later.”Therere also some differences in grammar. For example, Americans usually use the helping verb “do” when they ask a question. They say “Do you have a sto

37、rybook?” But the British often leave out the helping verb. They say “Have you a storybook?”All these differences can be confusing(易混淆的) if you are learning English. But most languages are like this. Languages change over time. When people live in separate places, the languages change in different wa

38、ys. This is what has happened to English. It can also happen to other languages, such as French. Many people in Canada speak French. (4)但是他們的法語(yǔ)和法國(guó)的法語(yǔ)不一樣。1. This passage is mainly about _.2. What does the word “separately” mean in this passage? It means “_”.A. 含糊地B. 快速地C. 分開(kāi)地D. 簡(jiǎn)略地3. Put the underlin

39、ed sentence into Chinese._4. Put the sentence into English._5. How many differences has the writer told us between American English and British English? _6Have you ever heard of a famous charity called Operation Smile? We hope we can help you understand how we are trying to help children all over th

40、e world.Operation Smile was started by a doctor and his wife. In 1982, together with some volunteers, they went to Philippines to help children who had holes in their lips or inside their mouths. (1)對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，吃喝很困難。These volunteers worked very hard. But they worried that they could not carry on with the

41、 work because they were lack(缺乏) of money. Then they decided to start a charity so that they could help these needy children. They called it Operation Smile.Operation Smile works in more than twenty developing counties and has cured over 10,000 children who have problems with their mouths. Operation

42、 Smile has won many prizes for its work and in 1999 they even started a special event called “The World Journey of Hope”. 5,000 children in 18 countries are cured during the event.(2) _, Operation Smile trains health care professionals in developing countries so that they can continue to help childr

43、en when Operation Smile has left. As to the children with much more serious problems, they will send them to America for further treatment.So show your kindness and generosity to the needy children now. You can send your donation to Operation Smile at local bank. (3) Many thanks from the children wh

44、o can smile now will come to you. 1. 將(1)句譯成英文：_ 2. 將(2)句的空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~使句意完整、上下文通順：_ 3. 將(3)句譯成中文：_ 4. 找出文中與下列句子意思相近的句子：They worried that they could not continue to work because they have no money._ 5. What is the main idea of the passage?_7The program “China Year in Russia(俄羅斯)” has ended, but the cult

45、ural ties between the two countries grow stronger. “Chinese fever(中國(guó)熱)” continues in Russia.Fifty-year-old Wei Dehan has been studying Chinese culture for thirty years. He was among the first Russians to open a Chinese teahouse in Moscow. That was in 1995. He also teaches Chinese language and Tai Ch

46、i (太極). 2) During “China Year in Russia”, he set up a magazine introducing Chinese culture. Its popular with local readers.In Russia, young people who can speak Chinese 1) _ by every industry. Young people who are able to speak Chinese language find jobs easily. Some 15-thousand people attend Chines

47、e language classes in Russia. The Confucius Institute (孔子學(xué)院), the world-wide Chinese language and culture education center, has been set up in thirteen of Russias universities and colleges.Besides the language, Chinese way of life is becoming a common factor(因素) in the daily lives of Russian people.

48、 3) 綠茶，中國(guó)食品和太極變得越來(lái)越受歡迎。Russian newspapers and magazines praised(稱贊) “China Year in Russia” as a timely event. They said that the program deepened(加深) understanding between the people of the two countries. It also opens the way for further culture exchanges.1 在1) 的空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容使句意完整、上下文通順：_.2 將2) 句譯成中文：

49、_3 將3) 句譯成英文：_4在文中找出與下面句子意思相近的句子：Its easy for young people who can speak Chinese to find jobs._5找出文中或?qū)懗鲎钅鼙磉_(dá)該短文主題的句子：_8About five hundred years ago, an earthquake(地震) happened in a small village. Luckily for them, nothing was destroyed (毀壞) and no one was hurt. 1)But a huge_ fell from a nearby mounta

50、in and stopped in the_of the road. When the earthquake stopped, many people came to the road and saw the stone. Some of the strongest men tried to lift the stone out of the road. But they couldnt move it. They tried to push it but failed. 2 ) They tried to pull it with ropes (繩索) but nothing worked.

51、 “"Well,” they said sadly, "there' s nothing we can do about it. We' II have to changethe way.”At this time a boy about 12 years old said, "I think I can help you to move the stone away.”“You?” they shouted. "What are you talking about?" The men all laughed at the boy. The next morning, some people came into the road. One of them shouted, "The stone is gone." 3) 更多