大學英語精讀4 （第三版）課文_中英文對照

1、Text Book 4Unit 1Text Two college-age boys, unaware that making money usually involves hard work, are tempted by an advertisement that promises them an easy way to earn a lot of money. The boys soon learn that if something seems too good to be true, it probably is. 一個大學男孩，不清楚賺錢需要付出艱苦的勞動，被一份許諾輕松賺大錢的廣

2、告吸引了。男孩們很快 就明白，如果事情看起來好得不像真的，那多半確實不是真的。 BIG BUCKS THE EASY WAY輕輕松松賺大錢 John G. Hubbell"You ought to look into this," I suggested to our two college-age sons. "It might be a way to avoid the indignity of having to ask for money all the time." I handed them some magazines in a plast

3、ic bag someone had hung on our doorknob. “你們該看看這個，”我向我們的兩個讀大學的兒子建議道?！澳銈?nèi)粝氡苊庖驗槔鲜窍蛉擞戝X而有失尊 嚴的話，這興許是一種辦法?！蔽覍煸谖覀冮T把手上的、裝在一個塑料袋里的幾本雜志拿給他們。 A message printed on the bag offered leisurely, lucrative work ("Big Bucks the Easy Way!") of delivering more such bags. 塑料袋上印著一條信息說，需要招聘人投遞這樣的袋子，這活兒既輕松又賺錢。(

4、“輕輕松松賺大錢!”)"I don't mind the indignity," the older one answered. “我不在乎失不失尊嚴，”大兒子回答說。"I can live with it," his brother agreed. “我可以忍受，”他的弟弟附和道。"But it pains me," I said，"to find that you both have been panhandling so long that it no longer embarrasses you."

5、 “看到你們倆伸手討錢討慣了一點也不感到尷尬的樣子，真使我痛心，”我說。The boys said they would look into the magazine-delivery thing. Pleased, I left town on a business trip. By midnight I was comfortably settled in a hotel room far from home. The phone rang. It was my wife. She wanted to know how my day had gone. 孩子們說他們可以考慮考慮投遞雜志的事

6、。我聽了很高興，便離城出差去了。午夜時分，我已遠離家門，在一家旅館的房間里舒舒服服住了下來。電話鈴響了，是妻子打來的。她想知道我這一天過得可好。"Great!" I enthused. "How was your day?" I inquired. “好極了!”我興高采烈地說?！澳氵^得怎么樣”我問道。"Super!" She snapped. "Just super! And it's only getting started. Another truck just pulled up out front."

7、; “棒極了!”她大聲挖苦道?！罢姘?而且這還僅僅是個開始。又一輛卡車剛在門前停下。”"Another truck?" “又一輛卡車”?"The third one this evening. The first delivered four thousand Montgomery Wards. The second brought four thousand Sears, Roebucks. I don't know what this one has, but I'm sure it will be four thousand of somet

8、hing. Since you are responsible, I thought you might like to know what's happening. “今晚第三輛了。第一輛運來了四千份蒙哥馬利-沃德百貨公司的廣告；第二輛運來四千份西爾斯-羅伯 克百貨公司的廣告。我不知道這一輛裝的啥，但我肯定又是四千份什么的。既然這事是你促成的，我想你或許想了解事情的進展?！盬hat I was being blamed for, it turned out, was a newspaper strike which made it necessary to hand-deliver

9、the advertising inserts that normally are included with the Sunday paper. The company had promised our boys $600 for delivering these inserts to 4,000 houses by Sunday morning. 我之所以受到指責，事情原來是這樣：由于發(fā)生了一起報業(yè)工人罷工，通常夾在星期日報紙里的廣告插頁，必須派人直接投送出去。公司答應給我們的孩子六百美金，任務是將這些廣告插頁在星期天早晨之前投遞到四千戶人家去。"Piece of cake!&q

10、uot; our older college son had shouted. “不費吹灰之力!”我們上大學的大兒子嚷道。" Six hundred bucks!" His brother had echoed, "And we can do the job in two hours!" “六百塊!”他的弟弟應聲道，“我們兩個鐘點就能干完!”"Both the Sears and Ward ads are four newspaper-size pages," my wife informed me. "There are

11、thirty-two thousand pages of advertising on our porch. Even as we speak, two big guys are carrying armloads of paper up the walk. What do we do about all this?" “西爾斯和沃德的廣告通常都是報紙那么大的四頁，”妻子告訴我說，“現(xiàn)在我們門廊上堆著三萬二千頁 廣告。就在我們說話的當兒，兩個大個子正各抱著一大捆廣告走過來。這么多廣告，我們可怎么辦”。"Just tell the boys to get busy,"

12、; I instructed. "They're college men. They'll do what they have to do." “你讓孩子們快干，”我指示說。“他們都是大學生了。他們自己的事得由他們自己去做?！盇t noon the following day I returned to the hotel and found an urgent message to telephone my wife. Her voice was unnaturally high and quavering. There had been several

13、more truckloads of ad inserts. 第二天中午，我回到旅館，看到一份緊急留言，要我馬上給妻子回電話。她的聲音高得很不自然，而 且有些顫抖。家里又運到了好幾卡車的廣告插頁。"They're for department stores, dime stores, drugstores, grocery stores, auto stores and so on. Some are whole magazine sections. We have hundreds of thousands, maybe millions, of pages of adve

14、rtising here! “有百貨公司的，廉價商店的，雜貨店的，食品店的，汽 車行的，等等。有些像整本雜志那么厚。我們這里有數(shù)十萬頁，說不定是幾百萬頁的廣告!They are crammed wall-to-wall all through the house in stacks taller than your oldest son. There's only enough room for people to walk in, take one each of the eleven inserts, roll them together, slip a rubber band a

15、round them and slide them into a plastic bag. 我們家整個房子 從東墻到西墻，從南墻到北墻統(tǒng)統(tǒng)堆滿了廣告，一堆又一堆，比你大兒子還要高?，F(xiàn)在只剩下一點點空間，剛夠一個人走進去，從十一種插頁中各取一份，卷在一起，套上橡皮筋，再塞進一只塑料袋內(nèi)。We have enough plastic bags to supply every takeout restaurant in America!" Her voice kept rising, as if working its way out of the range of the human e

16、ar. "All this must be delivered by seven o'clock Sunday morning."我們的塑料袋足夠供應全美所有的外賣餐廳!”她越講聲音越響，幾乎震耳欲聾?！斑@么多的廣告必須在星期日早晨七 點以前統(tǒng)統(tǒng)送出去?！?quot;Well, you had better get those guys banding and sliding as fast as they can, and I'll talk to you later. Got a lunch date.” “嗯，你最好讓孩子們盡快地捆扎裝袋，等會兒我再跟

17、你談。我有個午餐約會。”When I returned, there was another urgent call from my wife. 我餐后回來，妻子又打來一只緊急電話。"Did you have a nice lunch?" she asked sweetly. I had had a marvelous steak, but knew better by now than to say so. “你午餐吃得不錯吧”她用悅耳的聲音問道。我吃的牛排好極了，但這次我學乖了，還是不說為妙。"Awful," I reported. "So

18、me sort of sour fish. Eel, I think." “糟透了，”我報告說?！耙环N什么酸溜溜的魚，我想大概是鰻鱺吧。”"Good. Your college sons have hired their younger brothers and sisters and a couple of neighborhood children to help for five dollars each. Assembly lines have been set up. In the language of diplomacy, there is 'move

19、ment.'"“不錯嘛。你的大學生兒子已經(jīng)雇了他們的弟弟妹妹和兩三個鄰居的小孩幫忙，工錢一人五塊，建起了 流水作業(yè)線。用外交術(shù)語來說，事情有進展?！?quot;That's encouraging." “這確實令人鼓舞?！?quot;No, it's not," she corrected. "It's very discouraging. They're been as it for hours. Plastic bags have been filled and piled to the ceiling, bu

20、t all this hasn't made a dent, not a dent, in the situation! It's almost as if the inserts keep reproducing themselves!" “不，并非如此，”她糾正說?！跋喾?，非常叫人泄氣。他們干了好幾個小時了。裝好的塑料袋，一直堆到天花板，但一切努力收效很小。這些廣告宣傳品簡直就像是不停地自行生產(chǎn)出來一樣!”"Another thing," she continued. "Your college sons must learn tha

21、t one does not get the best out of employees by threatening them with bodily harm. “還有一件事，”她接著說，“你那上大學的兒子必須明白，威脅雇員，說要揍他們，是不可能使他們賣力的?！監(jiān)btaining an audience with son NO. 1, I snarled, "I'll kill you if threaten one of those kids again! Idiot! You should be offering a bonus of a dollar every h

22、our to the worker who fills the most bags. 我跟大兒子一通上話，便咆哮道，“你如果再威脅那些孩子，我就對你不客氣了!白癡!你應該給獎金，對裝袋最多的工人每小時獎勵一塊?！?quot;But that would cut into our profit," he suggested. “可那要減少我們的利潤啦，”他提醒道。"There won't be any profit unless those kids enable you to make all the deliveries on time. If they don&

23、#39;t, you two will have to remove all that paper by yourselves. And there will be no eating or sleeping until it is removed." “那些孩子不幫你按時將所有的廣告投送出去，你就什么利潤也得不到。如果他們不干，你們倆就得親手搬走所有的廣告。而在把它們搬掉之前，你們吃不成，也睡不成?！盩here was a short, thoughtful silence. Then he said, "Dad, you have just worked a profo

24、und change in my personality." 電話里出現(xiàn)了短暫的沉默，他在思考。接著，他說，“爸爸，你剛才使我深受啟迪，令我恍然大悟。”"Do it!" “那就干吧!”"Yes, sir!" “是，閣下!”By the following evening, there was much for my wife to report. The bonus program had worked until someone demanded to see the color of cash. 到第二天傍晚，我妻子就有許多事報告了。獎金計

25、劃行之有效，可后來有人對能否兌現(xiàn)表示懷疑，提出把錢拿出來給大家看看。Then some activist on the work force claimed that the workers had no business settling for $5 and a few competitive bonuses while the bosses collected hundreds of dollars each. The organizer had declared that all the workers were entitled to $5 per hour! They would

26、not work another minute until the bosses agreed. 接著工人隊伍里的一位活動家聲稱，老板每人拿幾百塊錢，工人們決沒有理由滿足于每人五塊外加一點點競爭性的獎金。勞工組織人宣布，所有工人的工資都應該達到每小時五塊錢! 在老板答應之前，他們不再干活兒，一分鐘也不干。The strike lasted less than two hours. In mediation, the parties agreed on $2 per hour. Gradually, the huge stacks began to shrink. 罷工持續(xù)了不到兩小時。通過調(diào)解

27、，雙方達成協(xié)議，每小時兩塊。漸漸地，大堆的廣告開始減少。As it turned out, the job was completed three hours before Sunday's 7 a.m. deadline. By the time I arrived home, the boys had already settled their accounts: $150 in labor costs, $40 for gasoline, and a like amount for gifts - boxes of candy for saintly neighbors who

28、had volunteered station wagons and help in delivery and dozen roses for their mother. 結(jié)果，全部工作比最后限期星期日早晨七點提前三個小時完成。等我回到家里，孩子們已經(jīng)結(jié)了賬。 勞務支出 150 元，汽油費40 元，還有 40 元買禮品幾盒糖果，送給樂于助人的鄰居，他們主動開出 自家的車幫助投遞，還有一打玫瑰送給他們的母親。This left them with $185 each - about two-thirds the minimum wage for the 91 hours they worked.

29、 Still, it was "enough", as one of them put it, to enable them to "avoid indignity" for quite a while. 除去以上開支，他們每人得到 185 元 -大約相當于 他們所干的 91 小時的最低工資的三分之二。 雖然如此，可正如一個兒子所說，那還是“足夠”他們花一陣子，使他們“避免那種有失尊嚴的事?！?All went well for some weeks. Then one Saturday morning my attention was drawn to

30、 the odd goings-on of our two youngest sons. They kept carrying carton after carton from various corners of the house out the front door to curbside. 幾個星期過去了，一切都很好。后來，一個星期六的上午，我們兩個小兒子的奇怪舉動引起了我的注意。他們不停地將一個又一個的紙箱從房屋四處的角落里搬出，經(jīng)過前門，送到人行道邊。I assumed their mother had enlisted them to remove junk for a tras

31、h pickup. Then I overheard them discussing finances. 我以為他們的媽媽在指揮他們清除破爛，好讓垃圾車運走呢。正在這時，我聽到他們在議論經(jīng)濟問題。"Geez, we're going to make a lot of money!" “喲，我們會賺許多錢呢!”"We're going to be rich!" “我們要發(fā)財啦!”Investigation revealed that they were offering " for sale or rent" our e

32、ntire library. 經(jīng)查問發(fā)現(xiàn)，他們正在把我們的全部圖書“出售或出租”。"No! No!" I cried. "You can't sell our books!" “不成!不成!”我叫道?！安荒馨盐覀兊臅u了!”"Geez, Dad, we thought you were done with them!" “哎唷，爸，我們以為你用不著它們了呢!”"You're never 'done' with books," I tried to explain. “書永遠不會

33、9;用'不著的，”我盡力解釋道。"Sure you are. You read them, and you're done with them. That's it. Then you might as well make a little money from them. We wanted to avoid the indignity of having to ask you for"“你肯定用不著了。你都看過了，再也不用了。沒有錯。既然不用，還不如賣點錢。我們想避免那種有 失尊嚴的事，不再伸手向你要” New Words buck n. (sl

34、.) U.S. dollar plastic a. 塑料的n. (pl) 塑料 doorknob n. 門把手 leisurely a. unhurried 從容的，慢慢的 leisure n. free time 空閑時間，閑暇 lucrative a. profitable 有利的；賺錢的 pain vt. cause pain to panhandle vi. (AmE) beg. esp. on the streets delivery n. delivering (of letters, goods, etc.)投遞；送交 enthuse vi. show enthusiasm in

35、quire vt. ask super a. (colloq.) wonderful, splendid; excellent snap vt. say(sth.) sharply 厲聲說insert n. 插頁 normally ad. in the usual conditions; ordinarily 通常 company n. 公司 echo vt. say or do what another person says or does; repeat 附和；重復 ad n. (short for) advertisement inform vt. tell; give informa

36、tion 告知 porch n. (AmE) veranda 門廊 armload n. as much as one arm or both arms can hold; armful walkn. a path specially arranged or paved for walking 人行道 unnaturally ad. in an unnatural way 不自然地 quavervi. (of the voice or sound) shake; tremble 顫抖 truckloadn. as much or as many as a truck can carry dep

37、artment storen. store selling many different kinds of goods in separate departments 百貨公司 dimen. coin of U.S. and Canada worth ten cents dime storen. (AmE) a store selling a large variety of low-priced articles; variety store 廉價商品店；小商口店 drugstoren. (AmE) a store that sells not only medicine, but also

38、 beauty products, film, magazines, and food 藥店，雜貨店 groceryn. a store that sells food and household supplies 食品雜貨店 sectionn. part of subdivision of a piece of writing, book, newspaper, etc.; portion （文章等的）段落；節(jié)；部分 cramvt. fill too full; force or press into a small space 把塞滿；把塞進 stackn. an orderly; hea

39、p or group of things 一疊（堆、垛等） band n. flat, thin piece of material 帶；帶狀物vt. tie up with a band 捆扎 rubber bandn. 橡皮筋 takeouta. （餐館）出售外賣菜的 rangen. the distance at which one can see or hear （聽覺、視覺等）的范圍 marvel(l)ousa. wonderful; astonishing steakn. 牛排；大塊肉（或魚）片 soura. 酸的 eeln. 鰻鱺 diplomacyn. 外交 encouragi

40、nga. 鼓舞人心的 dentn. a hollow in a hard surface made by a blow or pressure; initial progress凹痕，凹坑，初步進展 reproducevt. produce the young of (oneself or one's own kind) 生殖，繁殖 bodily a. of the human body; physical harmn. damage or wrong 傷害 audiencen. the people gathered in a place to hear or see; a chan

41、ce to be heard 觀眾；聽眾；陳述意見的機會 snarlvt. speak in a harsh voice 咆哮著說 bonusn. an extra payment to workers 獎金 thoughtfula. give to or indicating thought 沉思的，思考的 cashn. money in coins or notes 現(xiàn)金 activistn. a person taking an active part esp. in a political movement 激進分子 work forcen. total number of worke

42、rs employed in a particular factory, industry or area 工人總數(shù)；勞動人口 competitive a. 競爭的 organizern. person who organizes things 組織者 mediationn. 調(diào)解 partyn. one of the people or sides in an agreement or argument 一方；當事人 graduallyad. slowly and by degrees. graduala.逐漸的 shrink (shrank, shrunk) vi. become less

43、 or smaller 減少；變小 deadlinen. fixed limit of finishing a piece of work 最后期限 station wagonn. 小型客車，客貨兩用車 minimum (pl. minima or minimums) n. the smallest possible amount, number, etc. 最低限度的量、數(shù)等 minimum wagen. the lowest wage permitted by law or by agreement for certain work 法定最工資 odda. strange; unusual

44、 goings-on n. activities, usu. of an undesirable kind cartonn. a cardboard box for holding goods 紙板箱（或盒） curbsiden. the area of sidewalk at or near curb （curb: 人行道的鑲邊石） enlistvt. obtain the support and help of; cause to join the armed forces 取得的支持和幫助；征募 trashn. waste material to be thrown away; rubb

45、ish 垃圾 pickupn. a small light truck with an open back used for light deliveries 小卡車；輕型貨車 overhearvt. hear by chance; hear without the knowledge of the speaker(s)無意中聽到；偷聽到 financen. money matters; (used in pl.) money; (science of ) the management of funds 財政；錢財；金融 geezint.哎呀，呀 salen. the act of selli

46、ng sth. Phrases & Expressions pull up bring or come to a stop （使）停下 a piece of cake (informal) sth. very easy to do even as just at the same moment as know better than be wise or experienced enough not (to do sth.) 明事理而不至于 be at be occupied with, be doing make a dent (in) make less by a very sma

47、ll amount; reduce slightly; make a first step towards success(in)減少一點；取得初步進展 cut into reduce; decrease 減少 have no business have no right or reason 無權(quán)，沒有理由 settle for accept, although not altogether satisfactory （無可奈何地）滿足于 settle one's account pay what one owes 結(jié)帳 quite a while a fairly long time

48、 draw(sb.'s) attention to make sb. notice, or be aware of for sale intended to be sold for rent available to be rented be done with stop doing or using; finish 做完，不再使用 may/might/could as well with equal or better effect 不妨，還不如，最好 Proper Names Montgomery Ward 蒙哥馬利沃德百貨公司 Sears, Roebuck 西爾斯羅百克百貨公司

49、Unit 2Text Is there anything we can learn from deer? During the "energy crisis" of 1973-1974 the writer of this essay was living in northern Minnesota and was able to observe how deer survive when winter arrives. The lessons he learns about the way deer conserve energy turn out applicable

50、to our everyday life. 有什么是我們能從鹿身上學到的嗎在 1973-1974 年的“能源危機”期間，本文作者正住在明尼蘇達北部，能夠觀察當冬天來臨時，鹿如何生存。他從鹿儲存能量的方法上得到的經(jīng)驗也能夠運用到我們的日常生活中。 DEER AND THE ENERGY CYCLE鹿和能量循環(huán)Some persons say that love makes the world go round. Others of a less romantic and more practical turn of mind say that it isn't love; it'

51、s money. But the truth is that it is energy that makes the world go round. 有些人說，愛情驅(qū)使世界運轉(zhuǎn)；另一些并不那么羅曼蒂克而更為注重實際的人則說，不是愛情，而是金錢。但真實情況是，能量驅(qū)使世界運轉(zhuǎn)。Energy is the currency of the ecological system and life becomes possible only when food is converted into energy, which in turn is used to seek more food to grow

52、, to reproduce and to survive. On this cycle all life depends. 能量是生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的貨幣，只有當食物轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槟芰?，能量再用來獲取更多的食物以供生長、繁殖和生存，生命才成為可能。所有生命都維系在這一循環(huán)上。It is fairly well known that wild animals survive from year to year by eating as much as they can during times of plenty, the summer and fall, storing the excess, usually

53、 in the form of fat, and then using these reserves of fat to survive during the hard times in winter when food is scarce. But it is probably less well known that even with their stored fat, wild animals spend less energy to live in winter than in summer. 差不多眾所周知，野生動物得以年復一年地生存下去，主要依靠在夏秋生長旺季盡量多吃，通常將多余

54、的部分以脂肪的形式儲存起來，然后到了冬天食物稀少的艱難時期，就用這些儲備的脂肪來維持生命。然而，很可能鮮為人知的是，即使有儲備的脂肪，野生動物在冬天消耗的能量比夏天要少。A good case in point is the whiter-tailed deer. Like most wildlife, deer reproduce, grow, and store fat in the summer and fall when there is plenty of nutritious food available. A physically mature female deer in go

55、od condition who has conceived in November and given birth to two fawns during the end of May or first part of June, must search for food for the necessary energy not only to meet her body's needs but also to produce milk for her fawns. 一個很好的例證是白尾鹿。與大多數(shù)野生動物一樣，鹿在營養(yǎng)豐富、食物充足的夏秋兩季，繁殖、生長并儲存脂肪。一只成熟健壯的母

56、鹿，在十一月份懷胎，五月底或六月初生下兩只幼鹿，這時，它必須尋找食物以獲得必要的能量，這不僅是為了滿足自身的需要，而且也是為了給幼鹿生產(chǎn)乳汁。The best milk production occurs at the same time that new plant growth is available. This is good timing, because milk production is an energy consuming process it requires a lot of food. The cost can not be met unless the region

57、 has ample food resources.產(chǎn)乳的最佳期也正是植物生長茂盛之時。這個時機選擇得很好，因為乳汁生產(chǎn)是一個消耗能量的過程 - 它需要大量的食物，除非該地區(qū)具有豐富的食物資源，否則無法滿足這種消耗。As the summer progresses and the fawns grow, they become less dependent on their mother's milk and more dependent on growing plants as food sources. The adult males spend the summer growin

58、g antlers and getting fat. 夏季一天天過去，幼鹿日漸生長，它們變得較少依賴母鹿的乳汁，而更加依靠生長中的植物為其食物來源。雄性成鹿在夏天生長鹿角并養(yǎng)肥身體。Both males and females continue to eat high quality food in the fall in order to deposit body fat for the winter. In the case of does and fawns, a great deal of energy is expended either in milk production or in growing, and fat is not accumulated as quickly as it is in full grown males. 在秋天，雄鹿和雌鹿都繼續(xù)進食高質(zhì)量食物，貯存體內(nèi)脂肪，以備過冬。至于雌鹿和幼鹿，由于大量的能量用于產(chǎn)奶或生長，脂肪的積累速度不如完全成熟的雄鹿快。Fat reserves are like bank accounts to be drawn on in the winter when food supplies are limited and sometimes difficult to reach b