高初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全詳細(xì)講解

1、高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法Chapter 1 詞類、句子成分和構(gòu)詞法一、詞類（一、詞類（10種）種） 名詞名詞 形容詞形容詞 代詞代詞 數(shù)詞數(shù)詞 冠詞冠詞 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞 副詞副詞 介詞介詞 連詞連詞 感嘆詞感嘆詞 名詞名詞:表示人、事物、地點(diǎn)或抽象概念的名稱。 boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange 代詞代詞主要用來(lái)代替名詞 who, she, you, it 形容詞形容詞表示人或事物的性質(zhì)或特征. good, right 數(shù)詞數(shù)詞: 表示數(shù)目或事物的one, two, first 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞：表示動(dòng)作或狀.am, is, are, have,see 副詞副詞：修飾動(dòng)詞、形容

2、詞或其他副詞,說(shuō)明時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、程度等 now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly 冠詞冠詞：用在名詞前,幫助說(shuō)明名詞 a, an, the 介詞介詞： 表示它后面的名詞或代詞與其他句子成分的關(guān)系。in, on, from, above, behind 連詞連詞:用來(lái)連接詞、短語(yǔ)或句子and, but, before 感嘆詞感嘆詞:表示喜、怒、哀、樂(lè)等感情oh, well, hi, hello.二、句子成分（7種） 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ):誰(shuí)（名詞或代詞）Im Miss Green. 謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ):做什么（動(dòng)詞）He cleans the room. 表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ):怎么樣（名詞、代

3、詞或形容詞） My name is Ping ping 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ):什么（名詞或代詞） He can spell the word 定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ):修飾名詞或代詞 a big city 狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ):修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞（副詞）. works hard 賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ):說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)怎么樣或干什么(形容詞或動(dòng)詞) keep their classroom clean同位語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ):緊跟在名詞代詞后面,進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明 Where is your classmate, Tom ? CHU SAN YING YU ZONG FU XI 名詞的數(shù)名詞的所有格名詞的變化可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞名詞名詞普通名詞專有名詞名詞名詞：可數(shù)名詞可

4、數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)變變一、英語(yǔ)可數(shù)名詞的單復(fù)數(shù) 規(guī)則變化在單數(shù)名詞詞尾加ss,o,x ,sh,ch結(jié)尾的詞加es以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞,變y為i,再加es以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞,變f或fe為v,再加es。 不規(guī)則變化manmen, womanwomen, sheepsheep 不可數(shù)名詞一般沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式,說(shuō)明其數(shù)量時(shí),要用有關(guān)計(jì)量名詞a bag of ricetwo bags of rice,a piece of paperthree pieces of paper Practice:There are many (bus) and (car) on the str

5、eet.I have two (watch), so I give a (watch) to my sister.Yesterday I went to the supermarket and bought some （dish）carsbuseswatcheswatchdishes練習(xí)：寫出下列單詞的單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)形式friendcattreessquestionsskeystoysphotostomatoespotatoesleaf /leaveszoosradiosholidaysbaby/babiescity/citiesroofsbusesboxes二、名詞所有格 表示人或其它有生命的東

6、西的名詞常在詞尾加s：Childerns Day(兒童節(jié)兒童節(jié)) 以s或es結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。只在詞尾加Teachers Day(教師節(jié)教師節(jié)) 有些表示時(shí)間、距離以及世界、國(guó)家、城鎮(zhèn)等無(wú)生命的名詞,也可在詞尾加sChinas population(中國(guó)的人口中國(guó)的人口). 無(wú)論表示有生命還是無(wú)生命的東西的名詞,一般均可用介詞of短語(yǔ)來(lái)表示所有關(guān)系a fine daughter of the Party(黨的好女兒黨的好女兒).單復(fù)數(shù)同形: 英語(yǔ)中，有些名詞的單數(shù)與復(fù)數(shù)同行:例：people、Chinese、Japanese、 fish 、 deer（鹿）、 sheep（綿羊）e.g: Ther

7、e are many fish in the river. We have a fish for lunch. 記住以下10個(gè)要把f或者fe改成v加es的單詞：wife(妻子)，life(生命)，knife(小刀)，leaf(樹(shù)葉)，thief(賊)，half(一半)，self(自己)，shelf(架子)，loaf(面包)，wolf(狼)。重點(diǎn)但roof-roofs(屋頂)是例外！辨認(rèn)下列哪些是名詞，哪些不是名詞：computer， take coffee， water，run. notebook. bring, table, sport interesting, Monday age new

8、 actor sell 根據(jù)所給單詞的正確形式填空：1. Different people may have different _. (idea)2. I often go to work on . (foot)3. I know one of the . (boy)4. Mr. Brown is wearing a pair of . (glass)5. Please give them their . (photo)6. Are there any in the box? (watch)7. There are twelve in a year. (month)ideasfootboys

9、glassesphotoswatchesmonths8. Would you like some ? (tomato)9. Look at those in the boats! (people)10. Look! The are singing. (woman)11. September 10th is Day. (teacher)12. Jim has some . (knife)13. How much are these ? (vegetable)14. My school is twenty _ walk from here. (minute) 15. The girl under

10、the tree is a friend of_. (Lucy) LucysminutesvegetablestomatoespeoplewomenTeachersknives代詞代詞人稱代詞人稱代詞 物主代詞物主代詞 反身代詞反身代詞 指示代詞指示代詞 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 疑問(wèn)代詞疑問(wèn)代詞 連接代詞連接代詞 不定代詞不定代詞人稱代詞人稱代詞物主代詞物主代詞反身代詞反身代詞指示代詞指示代詞相互代詞相互代詞疑問(wèn)代詞疑問(wèn)代詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞不定代詞不定代詞一一.概念概念二、分類二、分類: 按其意義、特征及在句中的作用分為：按其意義、特征及在句中的作用分為：主格主格I, you, she, he, i

11、t, we, you, they, 賓格賓格 me, you, her, him, it, us, you, themadj性性 my, your, her, his, its, our, your, their, n性性 mine, yours, hers, his, its, ours, yours, theirs myself, yourself, herself, himself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves, oneselfthis, that, these, those, each other, one another who

12、, whom, which, whose, whatwho, whom, which, whose, that, as代詞是代替名詞的一種詞類。代詞是代替名詞的一種詞類。用來(lái)代替用來(lái)代替上文中提到過(guò)上文中提到過(guò)的人或物。的人或物。大多數(shù)代詞具有大多數(shù)代詞具有名詞名詞和和形容詞形容詞的功能。的功能。sth; sb; both; all; no; another, others 一一. .人稱代詞人稱代詞第一人稱第一人稱第二人稱第二人稱第三人稱第三人稱 人稱人稱格格數(shù)數(shù)單數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù) 主格主格 賓格賓格 主格主格 賓格賓格Iyouhesheitmeyou him her itweyoutheyu

13、syouthem主格、賓格、所有格講解主格、賓格、所有格講解 1、人稱代詞主格人稱代詞主格：在句子開(kāi)頭作主語(yǔ)，表示誰(shuí)怎：在句子開(kāi)頭作主語(yǔ)，表示誰(shuí)怎么樣了、干什么了。么樣了、干什么了。 例:1) I am a teacher. 2) You are student. He is a student, too. 3) We/You/They are students. 2、人稱代詞賓格人稱代詞賓格：在動(dòng)詞或介詞后作賓語(yǔ)，表示：在動(dòng)詞或介詞后作賓語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作行為的對(duì)象。動(dòng)作行為的對(duì)象。 例： 1）Give it to me. 2) Lets go (lets =let us) 3.物主代詞所有格物主

14、代詞所有格:用在名詞前，表示是誰(shuí)的東西用在名詞前，表示是誰(shuí)的東西 例例:1) This is my book. 2) We love our motherland. 我們熱愛(ài)我們的祖國(guó)二二. .物主代詞物主代詞人稱人稱分分類類 第一人稱第一人稱 第二人稱第二人稱 第三人稱第三人稱 單數(shù)單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù) 單數(shù)單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù) 單數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)形形容容詞詞性性 名名詞詞性性 my my ourouryour your your your his his her her its its their their mine mine ourours s youryours s youryours s his

15、 his herhers s its its theirtheirs s 5. Shall _ have a look at that classroom? That is _ classroom. ( we )6. Are these _ tickets? No, _are not _. _arent here. ( they )7. I have a beautiful cat. _name is Mimi. These cakes are _. ( it )theytheirourwetheirsTheirsitsits1 1、單數(shù)你他我，復(fù)數(shù)一二三，道歉我為先、單數(shù)你他我，復(fù)數(shù)一二三，

16、道歉我為先. .一一. .人稱代詞人稱代詞1.我、你、他、都我、你、他、都18歲。歲。_2.你們、我們、他們都來(lái)自中國(guó)。你們、我們、他們都來(lái)自中國(guó)。 _.You, he and I are 18.We, you and they are from China2 2、在簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話中，當(dāng)人稱代詞單獨(dú)使用或在、在簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話中，當(dāng)人稱代詞單獨(dú)使用或在not not 后多用賓格后多用賓格. . I like English. _ too. A. I B. He C. Me1. Who broke the window? Not _. A. I B. he C. her2. Miss Li invited _

17、 have dinner with her . A. me and you B. you and I C. you and me3. Who taught _ English last term? A. them B. their C. they1Is this _ book? AYou BI Cshe Dyour2Its a bird. _ name is Polly.AItsBIts CHisDIt3Whats that ?_ a jeep.AitsBIts CItsDits4Whats that in English? _.AIts eggBThats egg CIts a eggDIt

18、s an egg練習(xí)一、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空練習(xí)一、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1. That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big. ( I )2. The dress is _. Give it to _. ( she ) 3. _ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _? ( you )4. _ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _. ( he )mymineherhersHeHisOurhisyou

19、rs一、選出括號(hào)中正確的詞，一、選出括號(hào)中正確的詞，在正確的詞上打勾。在正確的詞上打勾。 This is（my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your / you）. 3. （He / His）name is Mark. 4. Whats（she / her）name?5. Excuse（me / my / I）. Exercises：正確的代詞形式填空。正確的代詞形式填空。1. _ am Peter. _ mom is a teacher. (my) 2. _ is a tall boy. _ name is Jim. (He) 3. That isnt a ca

20、t. _ (It/ They) is a dog.4. _ are from Britain. Whats _ name? (you) .5. _ is new. Whats _ name? (her) 6. _ are students. (you)IMy HeHisItYou yourShe herThey 1.這是這是你的你的狗。這只狗是狗。這只狗是你的你的。 2.這是這是她的她的漢堡包。這個(gè)漢堡包是漢堡包。這個(gè)漢堡包是她的她的。 3.這是這是他的他的貓。這只貓是貓。這只貓是他的他的。 4.這些是這些是我們的我們的香蕉。這些香蕉是香蕉。這些香蕉是我們的。我們的。 5.這是這是他們的他們的

21、汽車。這輛汽車是汽車。這輛汽車是他們的他們的。 This is her hamburger. This hamburger is hers.This is your dog. This dog is yours.This is his cat. This cat is his.These are our bananas. These bananas are ours.This is their car. This car is theirs.練習(xí)二、單項(xiàng)選擇。練習(xí)二、單項(xiàng)選擇。( ) 1. My uncle gave a new bike to _. A. theirs B. they C.

22、me D. I( ) 2. This is a photo of _family. May I have one of _? A. yours; my B. my; yours C. your; my D. yours; mine( ) 3. Heres a postcard for you, Jim! Oh, _is from Mary. A. he B. it C. she D. its BBC4、Give _（她 ）a toy, please. 5、_(你們的) eyes are black. _ （你們） come from Japan.6、Tim and Bill are twins

23、. _ （他們）are from England. Show _ （他們）around _ (我們的)school. herYourYouTheythemour三三. .反身代詞反身代詞 人稱人稱分類分類第一人稱第一人稱第二人稱第二人稱 第三人稱第三人稱單單 數(shù)數(shù) 復(fù)復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)myself ourselves yourself yourselveshimselfthemselvesherself itself The man is rich , he can buy _ a lot of things . A. he B. his C. himself2. - What a lovely card

24、 ! Where did you buy it? - I made it by _. A. me B. myself C. itself3. “Help _ to some chicken ,”my mother said to the guests. A. yourself B. yourselves C. your few / a few & little / a little 當(dāng)前面由當(dāng)前面由only 修飾，常用修飾，常用 a few 或或a little .a little 可表示可表示“有點(diǎn)，稍微有點(diǎn)，稍微”肯定否定可數(shù)a fewfew不可數(shù)a littlelittle Al

25、though all the girls have tried their best , only _ pass the exam. A. few B. a few C. a little2. Dont worry .There is _ time left . A. little B. a little C. few3. You are so great! _ people in the school can do it . A. A little B. Little C. Few不定代詞的使用原則 some和 any 的用法 no和none的用法 all和both的用法 every和eac

26、h用法 either和neither的用法 other、the other和another的用法 many和much的用法 few、little、a few、a little的用法四、指示代詞四、指示代詞this/ that/ these/ those單數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)用法用法1用法用法2thisthese近指近指指下文將要提及的事指下文將要提及的事thatthose遠(yuǎn)指遠(yuǎn)指指前面剛提過(guò)的事指前面剛提過(guò)的事【辨析辨析】one, it, that it 常用來(lái)特指上下文提到的常用來(lái)特指上下文提到的同類事物同類事物，用來(lái)指可數(shù)名詞，用來(lái)指可數(shù)名詞或者不可數(shù)名詞，或者不可數(shù)名詞，one泛指上下文提及的

27、同類事物中的泛指上下文提及的同類事物中的一份子一份子，用于代替可數(shù)名詞，用于代替可數(shù)名詞，that常用在比較等級(jí)中，代表前面提到的常用在比較等級(jí)中，代表前面提到的名詞名詞，以避免重復(fù)。，以避免重復(fù)。The book is mine. It is very interesting.I have some apples. You can have one.The weather of Dalian is much wetter than that of Lanzhou.四四. .指示代詞指示代詞 The population of Shanghai is larger than _ of Jina

28、n. A. that B. this C. it The radios made in Beijing are as good as _ made in Qingdao. A. that B. these C. those What I want to tell you is _the film will be at eight. A. it B. this C. that數(shù)詞復(fù)習(xí)數(shù)詞復(fù)習(xí)基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成1）112, 獨(dú)立成詞。獨(dú)立成詞。 one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve2）13-19, 由由3

29、9 + teen構(gòu)成。構(gòu)成。 14fourteen 16-sixteen 17-seventeen 19nineteen 特殊拼寫特殊拼寫: 13 thirteen 15-fifteen 18eighteen 3）2090, 以以-ty結(jié)尾。結(jié)尾。 20twenty 30-thirty 40forty 50fifty 80-eighty 60-sixty 70-seventy 90ninety 4）2199， 兩位數(shù)，十位與個(gè)位之間有兩位數(shù)，十位與個(gè)位之間有 “”。 21 twentyone 55 fiftyfive 99 ninetynine5）101999，三位數(shù)，百位與十位，三位數(shù)，百位

30、與十位/個(gè)位之間加個(gè)位之間加and。 101 one hundred and one 840 eight hundred and forty 693 six hundred and ninety-three 144050151770901918806016序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成1) 13, first, second, third 。2) 419, 相應(yīng)基數(shù)詞相應(yīng)基數(shù)詞+th, 特殊拼寫特殊拼寫:fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth。3) 2090, y變成變成ie +th,如如twentieth。4) 2199, 只把個(gè)位的基數(shù)詞變成序數(shù)詞只把個(gè)位的基數(shù)詞變成序數(shù)詞

31、如如twenty-first。5) 序數(shù)詞縮寫序數(shù)詞縮寫-數(shù)字最后兩字母數(shù)字最后兩字母 如如1st, 2nd, 3rd ,4th5. The _ question is much more difficult than this one.A. sixthB. sixC. sixteenD. sixty51. There are _ months in a year.A. twelveB. twelfC. twelvethD. twelfth1. hundred thousand (表示具體數(shù)字表示具體數(shù)字) million billion2. hundreds thousands (表示概數(shù)表

32、示概數(shù)) millions billions三三. .基數(shù)詞的用法基數(shù)詞的用法數(shù)詞數(shù)詞( (several)+)+ ofsome / many hundreds of1. If a = 3, b=4, whats the answer to the problem, a+2ab+1=? the answer is_. A. twenty eight B. twenty-eighth C. twenty-eight2. In our school several _ students are able to search the Internet . A. hunderd of B. hunde

33、rds of C. hundred3. Many _ sheep were killed in the accident. A. thousands of B. thousand C. thousands4. There are over nine _ workers in the factory, but _ of young people hope to work in it. A. hundred; hundreds B. hundreds; hundreds C. hundreds; hundred時(shí)間類型時(shí)間類型表示法表示法例例讀法讀法整點(diǎn)整點(diǎn)基數(shù)詞（基數(shù)詞（+ oclock) 1:

34、0030分鐘分鐘分鐘分鐘 + past +小時(shí)小時(shí) 2:10= 30 分鐘分鐘half + past + 小時(shí)小時(shí)3:3030分鐘分鐘（60-分鐘）分鐘） + to +（小時(shí)（小時(shí) + 1）4:40分鐘逢分鐘逢15即即 一刻鐘一刻鐘a quarter5:156:45簡(jiǎn)化法簡(jiǎn)化法按順序讀基數(shù)詞按順序讀基數(shù)詞7:50one oclockten past twohalf past threetwenty to fivea quarter past fivea quarter to sevenseven fifty表示在幾點(diǎn)鐘用介詞表示在幾點(diǎn)鐘用介詞 atat四四. .數(shù)詞的表示法數(shù)詞的表示法 時(shí)間時(shí)

35、間1. Its already 7:40 now. When will the film start? _. We still have five minutes. A. A quarter to seven B. Seven past forty-five C. A quarter to eight(1)序數(shù)詞作定語(yǔ)，前面要加序數(shù)詞作定語(yǔ)，前面要加the； The first truck is carrying a food basket John lives on the fifteenth floor She is my first English teacher.(2)有時(shí)加有時(shí)加a/

36、an，“再一再一”，“又一又一” 的意思的意思Well have to do it a second time Shall I ask him a third time？ When I sat down，a fourth man rose to speakThey had a second child in 1988序數(shù)詞的用法序數(shù)詞的用法1. In figures (數(shù)字?jǐn)?shù)字), a million is _.A. 10,000B. 100,000C. 1,000,000D. 100,000,0001 15 5分子分子 基數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞分母分母 序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞one fifthone fifth2

37、 27 7分子分子 1 1分母分母 + s+ stwo seventhtwo sevenths s1 14 4分子分子 a a分母分母 quarterquartera quartera quarter3 34 4three quarterthree quarters s1 12 2a halfa half1 13 3threethree andand one third one third3 3基數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞 + and + + and + 分?jǐn)?shù)分?jǐn)?shù)四四. .數(shù)詞的表示法數(shù)詞的表示法 分?jǐn)?shù)百分?jǐn)?shù)分?jǐn)?shù)百分?jǐn)?shù)1/21/31/424/25 3/43three fourths / three quart

38、ersone third /a thirdtwenty-four twenty-fifthsthree and six sevenths one quarter /a quarter/ one fourtha halfCan you read a fraction? 1. The accident happened on_. A. April 5, 2001 B. 2001, April 5 C. April 2001, 52. I was born _. A. in March 8, 1993 B. on July 9, 1994 C. on May, 1995 冠詞冠詞不定冠詞：不定冠詞：

39、a 、an 定冠詞：定冠詞：the零冠詞：不用冠詞零冠詞：不用冠詞不定冠詞:表示名詞不特定者定冠詞:表示名詞為特定者特指:特指是指在上文已提到的特指是指在上文已提到的人或事物人或事物泛指:是指首次提到的，不限定的人或事是指首次提到的，不限定的人或事物。物。 不定冠詞不定冠詞a 、an1、泛指某一類人或事物中的一個(gè)或一類。、泛指某一類人或事物中的一個(gè)或一類。 如：如： An elephant is much heavier than a horse. His father is a taxi driver.2、用于序數(shù)詞前，表示、用于序數(shù)詞前，表示“又一，再一又一，再一”。 I have rea

40、d the books twice, but I want to read a third time.3、a / an 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別 a 用在輔音音素開(kāi)頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或字母前，用在輔音音素開(kāi)頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或字母前，an 用用在元音音素開(kāi)頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或字母前。在元音音素開(kāi)頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或字母前。特殊詞：特殊詞： a usual boy ; a useful book ; a university ; a one leg dog an honest boy ; an hour ; an honor an “a , e , i , o , f, h , l , m , n , r , s

41、, x ”Exercise I have _ apple. He has _orange . This is _ egg. Jim is _ honest boy and he is _ university student .4. Do you have _ computer ?5. There is _ car in front of the house. English is _ useful language. He is _ unhappy boy. My father will come back in _ hour . There is _ beautiful flower. T

42、here is _ “u” and _ “s” in the word “use” Please take _ seat and have _ rest an ananan aaaaananaa an a a 定冠詞定冠詞 the的用法的用法 1. 第二次提到第二次提到 This is an apple. The apple is mine.2. 特指特指 The boy in red is my brother. 3. 用在獨(dú)一無(wú)二的名詞前用在獨(dú)一無(wú)二的名詞前 地球地球 the sun 太陽(yáng)太陽(yáng) / the moon 月亮月亮 / the earth4. 用在最高級(jí)前用在最高級(jí)前 the y

43、oungest / the most beautiful 5. 用在序數(shù)詞前用在序數(shù)詞前 the first / the second / the third / the fourth6. 用在西洋樂(lè)器前用在西洋樂(lè)器前 play the piano / the guitar 7. The +姓的復(fù)數(shù)姓的復(fù)數(shù) 表示一家人表示一家人 The Smiths / the Greens smith 一家一家 / 格林一家格林一家8. 用在方位名詞前用在方位名詞前 或習(xí)慣用法或習(xí)慣用法 in the south / on the right / in the day / in the end _ eart

44、h goes round _ sun. Jim is _ tallest and _ most interesting 3. _man over there is my teacher.4. There is _ orange on the table . _ orange is mine .5. I live on _ twelfth floor.6. _ Great Wall is _oldest building.7. I have _aunt . _ aunt is _ doctor.8. In this exam ,he is _ second. Jim is _ boy . He

45、is _ American boy. _Yellow River is one of _ longest rivers. Beijing is in _ north of ChinaThe thethe theThe anthethe The thean the athea anThe the the三三:零冠詞的幾種情況零冠詞的幾種情況:1.不可數(shù)名詞，復(fù)數(shù)名詞前表泛指Horses are useful animals. 2.季節(jié)、節(jié)日、星期、三餐等之前，一般不加冠詞。（除了特指某年的季節(jié)等）on Sunday; have lunch; on the spring of 2009 3. 球類

46、、棋類、學(xué)科等名稱前，一般不加冠詞。 play football; play chess I like studying English。 4. 稱呼、頭銜、職務(wù)等表示抽象性質(zhì)的名詞前，不加冠詞。 Doctor, I am not feeling well. 5. 中國(guó)樂(lè)器前不加冠詞。 play erhu; play piba 6. 在與by連用交通工具名稱前不加冠詞。 by car; by train .冠詞填空：在下列句中空白處填入適當(dāng)冠詞，不需用冠詞處劃。 1There is _ picture of _ elephant on _ wall 2This is _ useful book

47、Ive read it for _ hour 3 _ elephant is much heavier than _ horse 4 _ doctor told him to take _ medicine three times _ day 5Lets go out for _ walk 6Its too hotOpen _ door，please 7There is _ woman over there _ woman is Meimeis mother 8 _ sun rises in _ east 9 _ Changjiang River is _ longest river in _

48、 China 10Are you going to do it _ second time？ 11Washington is _ capital of _ USAaantheaanAnaThetheaaTheTheatheTheThethe/athethe7、 固定搭配固定搭配 at first at last at noon at home 首先首先 最后最后 在中午在中午 在家在家 on foot in bed in hospital go to school 步行步行 躺在床上躺在床上 住院住院 上學(xué)上學(xué)1. Do you like playing _ soccer ?2. I usua

49、lly have _ milk for _breakfast 3. We will go to the park on _ Monday .4. My uncle lives in _America now .5. Leaves turn yellow in _ autumn.6. We can go swimming on _Sunday in _summer.7. March 8th is _ Womens Day.8. His father is ill in _ hospital . / / / / / / / / / /1.This is _ orange , _ orange is

50、 orange2.English is _useful language.3.My brother is _usual boy but _ honest boy.4. He is holding _umbrella.5. _man in red is his father. Hes at _dinner6. Who is _ strongest and _ most friendly?7._girl over there is _ university student. 8. I have _ cat . _ cats name is Mimi.9. Monday is _ second da

51、y of a week.10 _ sun is bigger than_ moon11. I like playing _ basketball and _ piano.12. He was born in _ May.13. I saw _ old man pass by and _old man looked sad. an the a a an anThe / the the The a a The the The the / the / an the一.形容詞的用法二.副詞的用法三.形容詞、副詞比較等級(jí)用以修飾名詞，表示事物的用以修飾名詞，表示事物的特征特征的詞。的詞。e.g. lon

52、g, empty, cheap, hungry, etc.什么叫形容詞?在句中作在句中作定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)等成分等成分用法例 句補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作定語(yǔ)This is an interesting bookI have nothing important to tell you形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)放在被修飾詞之前，修飾不定代詞放在后面作表語(yǔ)The work is difficultShe looks happy today作表語(yǔ)與系動(dòng)詞連用作賓補(bǔ)Please keep the room clean I find it very beautiful1 1、形容詞的用法、形容詞的用法1. M

53、any local people in Leshan prefer to go to _ in Mount Emei for their summer holiday.A. somewhere coldB. cold somewhereC. somewhere coolD. cool somewhere2. Can you tell me _ about your friends?A. something differentB. different anythingC. different something3. I have _ to do today.A. anything importa

54、ntB. something importantC. important nothingD. important something一、形容詞的用法1、形容詞+名詞2、連系動(dòng)詞(be, look, feel, taste, sound,smell, get, turn等)+形容詞a beautiful girlYour mother looks happy today.3、something，anything等不定代詞 +形容詞I cant see_ (其他的東西)anything else4、the+形容詞（表示一類人或物）The rich should help the poor 構(gòu)成方法

55、構(gòu)成方法 原級(jí)原級(jí) 比較級(jí)比較級(jí) 最高級(jí)最高級(jí)一般在詞尾加一般在詞尾加 -er 或或 -est以字母以字母e結(jié)尾的，結(jié)尾的，加加 -r 或或 -st以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，要先雙寫這一字母，要先雙寫這一字母，再加字母，再加 -er 或或 -est以輔音字母加以輔音字母加 y 結(jié)尾的，先把結(jié)尾的，先把 y 變成變成 i，再加，再加 -er 或或 -est單單音音節(jié)節(jié)詞詞和和部部分分雙雙音音節(jié)節(jié)詞詞雙雙音音節(jié)節(jié)詞詞和和多多音音節(jié)節(jié)詞詞在形容詞、在形容詞、副詞前加副詞前加more 或或 most。tall, long, taller, longe

56、rtallest, longestnice, latenicer, laternicest, latestbig, thinbigger, thinnerbiggest, thinnesthappyheavyhappierheavierhappiestheaviestbeautifulcarefulexpensiveinterestingdangerousmore beautifulmore carefulmore expensivemore interestingmore dangerousGrammarmost beautifulmost carefulmost expensivemost

57、 interestingmost dangerous3、形容詞，副詞比較等級(jí)的用法、形容詞，副詞比較等級(jí)的用法句句 型型1、as+原級(jí)原級(jí)+as2、not + so/as + 原級(jí)原級(jí)+ as例例 句句She is as kind as her mother Lucy didnt do it so/as well as you 比較級(jí)比較級(jí) + thanHe is taller than lilei The weather is getting hotter and hotterthe+最高級(jí)最高級(jí)+of /inShe is the tallest one in her class25. Da

58、mel plays chess _, if not better than, David.A. as wellB. as well asC. so wellD. not well as詞詞 尾尾 變變 化化原級(jí)原級(jí)比較比較級(jí)級(jí)最高最高級(jí)級(jí)單音節(jié)詞在詞尾加單音節(jié)詞在詞尾加-er(比較級(jí)比較級(jí))或或-est(最高級(jí)最高級(jí))以字母以字母e接尾的詞加接尾的詞加-r或或-sttall hard large wide以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞末尾只有一以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母應(yīng)雙寫輔音字母再加個(gè)輔音字母應(yīng)雙寫輔音字母再加er或或estbig hot thin fat wet 以輔音字母以輔音字母

59、+y結(jié)尾的詞變?yōu)榻Y(jié)尾的詞變?yōu)閕再加再加-er,或或-esthappy dry early narrow clever 多音節(jié)詞和多數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞在其前面多音節(jié)詞和多數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞在其前面加加more 和和most difficult popular slowlytaller harder larger wider tallest hardest largest widestbigger hotter fatter wetterbiggest hottest fattest wettest happier drier earlierhappiest driest earliestnarrower cle

60、verernarrowest cleverestmore difficult more popularmore slowly most difficult most popularmost slowly少數(shù)以少數(shù)以-er,-ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞可加詞可加-er或或-est52. English is one of _ imporant subjects in our school.A. mostB. the mostC. moreD. much more54. Of all the ball games, I like baseball _. its really my favorite.A