動詞時態(tài)（課堂PPT）

1、二、動詞的分類二、動詞的分類(1)(3)(2)一、動詞的定義一、動詞的定義三、動詞的時態(tài)三、動詞的時態(tài)四、非謂語動詞四、非謂語動詞五、被動語態(tài)五、被動語態(tài)1.一般現(xiàn)在時 2.一般過去時3.一般將來時5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 6.過去進(jìn)行時7.現(xiàn)在完成時8.過去完成時4.過去將來時六、動詞的基本形式六、動詞的基本形式10.將來完成時11.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時9.將來進(jìn)行時動詞的時態(tài)動詞的時態(tài)一般一般進(jìn)行進(jìn)行完成完成完成進(jìn)行完成進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在一般現(xiàn)在一般現(xiàn)在時時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時時現(xiàn)在完成現(xiàn)在完成時時現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時時過去過去一般過去一般過去時時過去進(jìn)行過去進(jìn)行時時過去完成過去完成時時過去完成進(jìn)行過去完成

2、進(jìn)行時時將來將來一般將來一般將來時時將來進(jìn)行將來進(jìn)行時時將來完成將來完成時時將來完成進(jìn)行將來完成進(jìn)行時時過去過去將來將來過去將來過去將來時時過去將來過去將來進(jìn)行時進(jìn)行時過去將來過去將來完成時完成時過去將來完成過去將來完成進(jìn)行時進(jìn)行時式式時時類別類別特點特點意義意義舉例舉例實義動詞實義動詞 (vt. vi.)及物動詞跟賓語及物動詞跟賓語須跟賓語一起才能表達(dá)完整須跟賓語一起才能表達(dá)完整的意思的意思I have a book.不及物動詞不能直不及物動詞不能直接接賓語接接賓語能獨立作謂語能獨立作謂語She always comes late.系動詞系動詞(link-v)跟表語跟表語不能獨立做謂語，跟表

3、語構(gòu)不能獨立做謂語，跟表語構(gòu)成完整意思成完整意思I am a student.助動詞助動詞(aux. v.)跟動詞原形或分詞跟動詞原形或分詞（無詞匯意義）（無詞匯意義）不能獨立做謂語，跟主要動不能獨立做謂語，跟主要動詞構(gòu)成謂語，表示疑問，否詞構(gòu)成謂語，表示疑問，否定及各種時態(tài)定及各種時態(tài)He doesnt speak Chinese.I am watching TV.情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞 (mod. v.) 跟動詞原形（有自跟動詞原形（有自己的詞匯意思）己的詞匯意思）不能獨立做謂語。表示說話不能獨立做謂語。表示說話人語氣、情態(tài)，無人稱和數(shù)人語氣、情態(tài)，無人稱和數(shù)的變化的變化We can do it

4、 by ourselves.That would be better.一、按詞義和句中的作用，動詞可以分為四類一、按詞義和句中的作用，動詞可以分為四類二、短語動詞二、短語動詞構(gòu)成方式構(gòu)成方式舉例舉例動詞動詞+介詞介詞Look at, look after動詞動詞+副詞副詞Give up, put into動詞動詞+副詞副詞+介詞介詞Catch up with, look down upon動詞動詞+名詞名詞+介詞介詞Take care of, pay attention to Be+形容詞形容詞+介詞介詞Be proud of, be afraid of 復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)Make up one

5、s mind：由一些動詞和其它詞構(gòu)成短語，：由一些動詞和其它詞構(gòu)成短語，表達(dá)一個完整的意思。其構(gòu)成方式表達(dá)一個完整的意思。其構(gòu)成方式如下如下三、按動詞的形式可以分為謂語動詞和非謂語動詞三、按動詞的形式可以分為謂語動詞和非謂語動詞形形 式式意意 義義舉舉 例例人稱人稱與主語在人稱一致與主語在人稱一致I am reading now. I am reading now. 第一人稱第一人稱數(shù)數(shù)與主語在數(shù)上一致與主語在數(shù)上一致He writes well. He writes well. 第三人稱單數(shù)第三人稱單數(shù)時態(tài)時態(tài)表示動作發(fā)生的時間表示動作發(fā)生的時間He wrote a letter to me

6、 last He wrote a letter to me last month. month. 過去時態(tài)過去時態(tài)語態(tài)語態(tài)主語是動作的發(fā)生者或者承主語是動作的發(fā)生者或者承受者受者We study English.We study English.主動主動The road was filled with rubbish. The road was filled with rubbish. 被動被動語氣語氣說話人表達(dá)事實、要求、愿說話人表達(dá)事實、要求、愿望等望等He has flown to America. He has flown to America. 事實事實I wish I could

7、fly to the moon I wish I could fly to the moon some day. some day. 愿望愿望1、謂語動詞、謂語動詞(如下如下)2、非謂語動詞、非謂語動詞2、非謂語動詞、非謂語動詞形式形式意義意義用途用途舉例舉例不定式不定式起形容詞和名起形容詞和名詞作用詞作用可作主語、表語、可作主語、表語、賓語、定語、狀賓語、定語、狀語語It takes me 20 minutes to go to school動名詞動名詞起名詞作用起名詞作用作主語和賓語作主語和賓語She likes reading.分分詞詞現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞起形容詞、副起形容詞、副詞作用，表主

8、詞作用，表主動動作表語、定語、作表語、定語、狀語、賓語補足狀語、賓語補足語語The cup is broken過去分詞過去分詞起形容詞、副起形容詞、副詞作用，表被詞作用，表被動動The steam is seen rising from the wet clothes.7w一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時 ： 一般過去時一般過去時w am is are was werew do（does） did1.一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時（1 1）表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生或習(xí)慣性的動作或狀態(tài)）表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生或習(xí)慣性的動作或狀態(tài)（2 2）表示主語現(xiàn)在的性格、特征、能力）表示主語現(xiàn)在的性格、特征、能力（3 3）表示客觀事實或普遍用法）表示客

9、觀事實或普遍用法（4 4）用于狀語從句代替一般將來時）用于狀語從句代替一般將來時eg.Weeg.We oftenoften writewrite toto eacheach other. other. 我們時常相互通信。我們時常相互通信。 常與常與alwaysalways，usuallyusually，oftenoften，sometimessometimes，everyevery dayday，onceonce a a weekweek，yearlyyearly每年，每年，monthlymonthly每月，每月， 等時間狀語或頻率副詞連用。等時間狀語或頻率副詞連用。 eg.He works

10、hard.eg.He works hard.他努力工作他努力工作eg.The sun rises in the east. Light goes faster than soundeg.The sun rises in the east. Light goes faster than soundeg.You will succeed if you try .eg.You will succeed if you try .I will tell him about it as soon as I see him next Monday.I will tell him about it as so

11、on as I see him next Monday. 常與連詞：常與連詞：when , as soon as , before , after , until , if when , as soon as , before , after , until , if 如果，等引導(dǎo)的如果，等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語或條件狀語從句時間狀語或條件狀語從句wThe baby is generally healthy, but every now and then he _ a cold.wA. has caught B. is catchingwC. will catch D. does catchwI _

12、ping-pong quite well, but I havent had time to play since the New Year.wA. will play B. have playedwC. played D. playwWhen he was alive, the old scientist used to say that knowledge _ from practice and he gained his experience by doing a lot of practical work.wA. was coming B. had comewC. comes D. w

13、ould come12If it _ tomorrow, well go roller-skating.wA. isnt rain wB. wont rainwC. doesnt rain wD. doesnt fine13wRemember to send me a photo of us next time you _ to me.wA. are writing wB. will writewC. has written wD. write2.一般過去時一般過去時( (1).1).表示過去某一時間點發(fā)生的動作或所處的狀態(tài)表示過去某一時間點發(fā)生的動作或所處的狀態(tài). . e.g. He arr

14、ived in Hangzhou an hour ago. Where were you just now?( (2).2).表示過去某一時間里反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動作或狀態(tài)表示過去某一時間里反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動作或狀態(tài). . e.g. Their children often went hungry in the old days. During his middle school years, he played football nearly every day.( (3).3).表示主語過去的特征或性格等表示主語過去的特征或性格等. . e.g. At that time she spoke very

15、good English. (4).一般過去時往往和明確的過去時間狀語一般過去時往往和明確的過去時間狀語連用連用.如如:yesterday, last night, two days (months, weeks) ago, in 1996, at that time 等等,也常和也常和when, if等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句連用等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句連用. e.g. Did you play volleyball yesterday afternoon?My father, when he was a child, worked 15 hours for the landlord a day.(5).一般

16、過去時可與一般過去時可與today, this week, this month等時間狀語連用等時間狀語連用. e.g. I saw him today. He came late three times this week.17A:Comein,Peter,Iwanttoshowyousomething.B:_Oh,howniceofyou!I_you_tobringmeagift.A.neverthink;aregoingB.neverthought;weregoingC.didntthink;weregoingD.hadtthought;weregoing18Wouldyouplease

17、saythatagain？I_whatyousaid. didntfollow B.dontfollowC.haventfollow19一般將來時一般將來時和和過去將來時過去將來時willdowoulddobegoingtodobeabouttodobetodobedoing3.一般將來時一般將來時a.will / shall +動詞原形(備：在口語中，備：在口語中，shall和和will?？s寫成?？s寫成ll，緊接在主語之后。其否定式緊接在主語之后。其否定式shall not和和will not的簡略式分別為的簡略式分別為shant和和wont)(1)構(gòu)成構(gòu)成b. be going to +

18、動詞原形c. be + 動詞-ing形式（動詞動詞-ing形式通常是表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動詞，形式通常是表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動詞，如如arrive, come, go, leave, move, start, stay, get等）等）d.be + 動詞不定式 （例：例：You are to be back before 10:00 p.m. 你必須在上午你必須在上午10點前回來。表示按計劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事點前回來。表示按計劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事 ）(2)用法用法表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。表示將要反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作表示將要反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作 (3)常用結(jié)構(gòu)常用結(jié)構(gòu)用于用于

19、祈使句祈使句 + and + 陳術(shù)句陳術(shù)句中。中。Eg.Work hard and you will succeed. 與表示時間或條件的狀語從句連用。與表示時間或條件的狀語從句連用。If you ask him, he will help you. 用于用于I expect, Im sure, I think, I wonder + 賓語從句賓語從句中。中。 I dont think the test will be very difficult.w Look at the black clouds. It _ soon.w- Sure. If only we _ out.A. is rai

20、ning; didnt comeB. is to rain; wont startC. will rain; havent startedD. is going to rain; hadnt come22wThe plane at 7:00 p.m., so I have to be at the airport by 6:40 at the latest.wA. has left wB. is to leave w C. will have left wD. leaves238.過去將來時過去將來時（1 1）意義：）意義：表示以過去的某時來看將要發(fā)生的動作或存在表示以過去的某時來看將要發(fā)生的

21、動作或存在的狀態(tài)的狀態(tài),常用在賓語從句中常用在賓語從句中.（2 2）構(gòu)成：）構(gòu)成：主語主語+would/should+動詞原形動詞原形 主語主語+was/were+going to +動詞原形動詞原形 例:I didnt know if she would come. I wasnt sure whether he would do it . I didnt know if she was going to come. Wang Lei said that she was going to visit her uncle next Sunday.24w ( ) 3. w There _ a d

22、olphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.w A. was w B. is going to havew C. will have w D. is going to be25w How are you planning to travel to Shanghai?w - I _ yet, but I _ taking a train.w A. didnt decide; am consideringw B. havent decided; considerw C. havent decided; am consideringw D. hadnt decid

23、ed; have considered26w Remember the first time we met, Jim? Of course I do. You in the library. wA. were reading wB. had read wC. have read wD. read27wThe children very quiet；I wonder what they up to.wA. were； are being wB. are being；are wC. are；do wD. are being；do28w Whats the matter? The shoes don

24、t fit properly. Theymy feet.wA. are hurting wB. will hurt w C. have hurt w D. are hurt 29w 將來進(jìn)行時：強調(diào)將來某時或某段時間正在進(jìn)行將來進(jìn)行時：強調(diào)將來某時或某段時間正在進(jìn)行的動作的動作 will / shall + be + v+ingw 將來完成時：強調(diào)在將來某時刻之前完成的動作將來完成時：強調(diào)在將來某時刻之前完成的動作或存在的狀態(tài)或存在的狀態(tài),常和終止性動詞連用。常和終止性動詞連用。will/shall + have + vedw Will do tomorroww Will be doing a

25、t 4:00 tomorroww Will have done by next week We will do the work tomorrow.We will be doing the work at 4:00 tomorrow.We will have finished the work by tomorrow.30w現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 is doingw過去進(jìn)行時過去進(jìn)行時 was doing 4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(1)(1)意義：意義：a.a.表示說話的此刻正在進(jìn)行的動作。表示說話的此刻正在進(jìn)行的動作。 常與常與now,the moment等連用。等連用。(2)(2)構(gòu)成：構(gòu)成

26、：主語主語+be+現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞(v.+ing)例:Listen! Mary is singing an English song in the classroom. b.表示現(xiàn)在時間段中正在進(jìn)行的動作。表示現(xiàn)在時間段中正在進(jìn)行的動作。 例:They are planting trees on the hill these days.c.表示一種重復(fù)的動作，帶有表示一種重復(fù)的動作，帶有“厭惡厭惡”、“贊嘆贊嘆”等感情色彩。等感情色彩。 例:My brother is always leaving things about. 注注:現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時往往與always連用，給現(xiàn)在的動作披上一層感情色彩

27、?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的練習(xí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的練習(xí)1. Its nine oclock. My father_ (work) in the office. 2. The boy_(always put) the rubbish into the bin.5.過去進(jìn)行時過去進(jìn)行時(1)(1)意義：意義：（2 2）構(gòu)成：）構(gòu)成：主語主語+was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞1表示過去某一時刻正在進(jìn)行的動作。如：表示過去某一時刻正在進(jìn)行的動作。如：What were you doing when I phoned you last night? 2表示過去某段時間正在進(jìn)行的動作。表示過去某段時間正在進(jìn)行的動作。 如：

28、如：They were building a dam last winter. 去年冬天他們在建一個大壩。去年冬天他們在建一個大壩。 3用于用于come, go, leave, start, arrive等表示位置轉(zhuǎn)等表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動詞，以表示過去將要發(fā)生的動作。移的動詞，以表示過去將要發(fā)生的動作。如：如：They wanted to know when we were leaving for Shanghai. 34w Are you a visitor here? Thats right. Iround the world and now my dream of coming to Chi

29、natrue.wA. have traveled； has come wB. was traveling； had been come C. am traveling； has come wD. have traveled； has been come35w w What were you up to when your parents came in? Ifor a while andsome reading.wA. was playing； was going to do w B. played； did C. had played； was going to do w D. had pl

30、ayed； did36wA: What were you doing when Tony phoned you? wB: I had just finished my work w and _ to take a shower.wA. had started B. started wC have started D. was starting37w9. -Has Jack finished his homework yet?w-I have no idea. He_ it this morning.wA. was doing wB. had been doing w C. has done w

31、D. did38現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時 和和 過去完成時過去完成時 Have had done（has） done6.現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時（1）意義：）意義：現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果在造成的影響或結(jié)果,也可表示過去已經(jīng)開始也可表示過去已經(jīng)開始,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。的動作或狀態(tài)。（2）結(jié)構(gòu)：）結(jié)構(gòu)：助動詞助動詞have/has + 動詞的過去分詞動詞的過去分詞（3）四大標(biāo)志詞：）四大標(biāo)志詞： * 以以already, just和和yet為標(biāo)志：為標(biāo)志：表示到現(xiàn)在為止動作或狀態(tài)已經(jīng)、剛剛或還沒有發(fā)生

32、* 以以ever和和never為標(biāo)志：為標(biāo)志：表示到現(xiàn)在為止動作或狀表示到現(xiàn)在為止動作或狀態(tài)曾經(jīng)或從來沒有發(fā)生過態(tài)曾經(jīng)或從來沒有發(fā)生過 * 以動作發(fā)生的次數(shù)為標(biāo)志：以動作發(fā)生的次數(shù)為標(biāo)志：He says he has been to the USA three times. * 以以so far為標(biāo)志：為標(biāo)志：表示到目前為止動作或狀態(tài)已經(jīng)表示到目前為止動作或狀態(tài)已經(jīng)發(fā)生發(fā)生w （4）注：）注：a.*“終止終止”、“延續(xù)延續(xù)”要轉(zhuǎn)換要轉(zhuǎn)換w 常見的有常見的有:w come-be, w go out -be out, w leave-be away (from), w begin-be on, w

33、 buy-have, w borrow-keep , w join-be a member / 介詞短語介詞短語, w die-be dead, w become-be, w open(v.)-be open(adj.) 等。等。w b. * 時間時間“點點”、“段段”須分清須分清 for+時間段時間段 since+過去某一時刻過去某一時刻w6. -Where have you _, Kate?-Ive _ to the bank.A. gone, goneB. been, beenwC. gone, beenD. been, gonew7. Her grandfather _ for two

34、 years. A. died B. has diedwC. has been deadD. has been died42w8. Its six weeks _ I met you last.A. when B. since C. before D. forw9. Betty this morning? Not yet, but she is sure to be here before noon.wA. Have you seen wB. Will you see wC. Do you see wD. Did you see 7.過去完成時過去完成時(1)概念概念:過去完成時表示在過去某一

35、時刻或某過去完成時表示在過去某一時刻或某一動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動作或情況，即：過一動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動作或情況，即：過去的過去。如去的過去。如: When we got there, the football match had already started. 當(dāng)我們趕到時，足球比賽已經(jīng)開始了。當(dāng)我們趕到時，足球比賽已經(jīng)開始了。(2)構(gòu)成構(gòu)成:肯定句：主語肯定句：主語+had+過去分詞過去分詞+其他其他 否定句：主語否定句：主語+had not+過去分詞過去分詞+其他其他 疑問句：疑問句：Had+主語主語+過去分詞過去分詞+其他其他w 3)用法用法: w A.表示在過去某一時間之前已完成的動作

36、，表示在過去某一時間之前已完成的動作，表示對這一過去時間造成的結(jié)果或影響。表示對這一過去時間造成的結(jié)果或影響。常用以下幾種方式：常用以下幾種方式： (1) 用用by，before等構(gòu)成的介詞短語。等構(gòu)成的介詞短語。 w eg:Linda had learnt 10 English songs by the end of last month. (2) 用用when, before, after等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。從句。w eg:The train had started before we got to the station.w 46w B. 過去完成時還可以表示過去某一時

37、間以過去完成時還可以表示過去某一時間以前發(fā)生開始的動作持續(xù)到這一過去的時間。前發(fā)生開始的動作持續(xù)到這一過去的時間。常與常與for, since引導(dǎo)的表示一段時間的短語引導(dǎo)的表示一段時間的短語或從句連用?；驈木溥B用。w eg:I had worked in a hospital for three years before I came here.wHardly had 主語 done when didwScarcely had 主語 done when didwNo sooner had 主語 done than didwHardly had 主語主語 done when didwHardly

38、 had I got into the house when it began to rain.wI had Hardly got into the house when It began to rain.wScarcely had 主語 done when didwScarcely had I got into the house when It began to rain.wNo sooner had 主語 done than didwNo sooner had I got into the house than It began to rain.wI had no sooner got

39、into the house than It began to rain.wShe to the office than she got down to writing the report.wA. has no sooner got wB. had hardly gotC. no sooner got wD. had no sooner gotwJim talked for about half an hour yesterday. Never him talk so much.A. I heard B. did I hear wC. I had heard D. had I heardw

40、you the editor at the airport? No, he away before my arrival.wA. Have.met； has driven wB. Had.met； was driven C. Did.meet； had been driven w D. Have.met； had driven 過去完成時w John and Ifriends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we each other a couple of times bef

41、ore that.w A. had been； have met w B. have been； have metC. had been； had met w D. have been； had metw Alice came back home the day before yesterday. Really ? Where ?wA. has she been wB. had she been w C. has she gone wD. had she gone w 現(xiàn)在完成時：強調(diào)過去動作對現(xiàn)在的影響現(xiàn)在完成時：強調(diào)過去動作對現(xiàn)在的影響 強調(diào)動作、狀態(tài)從過去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在強調(diào)動作、狀態(tài)從過去延

42、續(xù)到現(xiàn)在過去完成時：強調(diào)過去的過去過去完成時：強調(diào)過去的過去w 完成進(jìn)行時：強調(diào)從過去一直進(jìn)行或持續(xù)完成進(jìn)行時：強調(diào)從過去一直進(jìn)行或持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作到現(xiàn)在的動作 w have/ has +been + v+ingw had+been + v+ing57w Was the driving pleasant when you went to Mexico last summer? No, it for four days when we arrived, so the roads were very muddy.wA. was raining wB. had been raining wC. wo

43、uld be raining wD. rained w He articles for our wall-newspaper these three years, and he about forty articles.w has been writing； has written B. has been writing； wroteC. is writing； has been writing D. has written； has written w How are you planning to travel to Shanghai?w - I _ yet, but I _ taking

44、 a train.w A. didnt decide; am consideringw B. havent decided; considerw C. havent decided; am consideringw D. hadnt decided; have considered605.BythetimeyougettoShanghaitomorrow,I_forChongqing/A.AmleavingB.willhaveleftC.hadworkedD.wasworking6.Moststudents(take)_sixtycreditsbythetimetheygraduate.w I

45、 will come to attend your lecture at 10:00 tomorrow. Im sorry, by then my lecture will have ended and Imy guests in my office.w A. is being met B. will meet C. will be meeting D. will have met62w Is Tom still smoking? No. By next Saturday he for a whole month without smoking a single cigarette.wA. w

46、ill go B. will have gone wC. will have been D. has been going 63w What were you up to when your parents came in?w Ifor a while andsome reading.wA. was playing； was going to do wB. played； did C. had played； was going to do wD. had played； didw 現(xiàn)在完成時：強調(diào)過去動作對現(xiàn)在的影響現(xiàn)在完成時：強調(diào)過去動作對現(xiàn)在的影響 強調(diào)動作、狀態(tài)從過去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在強調(diào)動作

47、、狀態(tài)從過去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在have (has) donew 過去完成時：強調(diào)過去的過去過去完成時：強調(diào)過去的過去w Had donew 完成進(jìn)行時：強調(diào)從過去一直進(jìn)行或持續(xù)完成進(jìn)行時：強調(diào)從過去一直進(jìn)行或持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作到現(xiàn)在的動作 w have/ has +been + v+ing65Since+點時間For+段時間 Just ,1year現(xiàn)在完成時Just,up to now, so far, till now ,recently, ever, lately, already. yetw現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時 have donew現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時 have been doingThe

48、 rain has stopped.The rain has been raining through the day.=(since yesterday.)w He articles for our wall-newspaper these three years, and he about forty articles.wA. has been writing； has written w B. has been writing； wroteC. is writing； has been writing w D. has written； has written w How are you

49、 planning to travel to Shanghai?w - I _ yet, but I _ taking a train.w A. didnt decide; am considering w B. havent decided; considerw C. havent decided; am consideringw D. hadnt decided; have considered69動詞的時態(tài)技巧總結(jié)點時間,by引導(dǎo),選用完成式./ since點, for時段,剛好一年(just 1year) 現(xiàn)在完成時By +(the end of )+現(xiàn)在時間=現(xiàn)在完成時By +(th

50、e end of )+過去時間=過去完成時By +(the end of )+將來時間=將來完成時 1.時態(tài)時態(tài): 完成時：完成時：by now: We have finished all the work (by now).by next week: Wewillhavefinishedallthework bynextweek.(by the time you get there).by last week:Wehadfinishedalltheworkbylastnight.一般過去時一般過去時did過去完成時過去完成時haddone現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時havedone Nancyisn

51、otcomingtonight.-Butshe_!A.promisesB.promisedC.willpromisedD.hadpromised72w 她一到家天就開始下雨。w (hardlywhen/no soonerthan.)Hardly had she got home when it began to rain.Scarcelyhadshegothomewhenitbegantorain.Nosoonerhadshegothomethanitbegantorain.73741. -Where is Jim?-He _ to the shop. Hell be back in an h

52、our. goes B. go C. has gone D. will go2. I dont think I _ you in that dress before. A. have seen B. was seeing C. saw D. see3. Im sorry youve missed the train. It _10 minutes ago. A. left B. has left C. had left D. has been leftPractice:w3.As soon as I_ _(get) home, it started to rain heavily.(2003-

53、12B)4.Hardly had we gathered in the square when it (begin) _to rain.(2005-1B)7.Next week we (sign) _the sales contract with the new supplier.(2006-6B)8.He said, “I_a lot of new words by the end of last year.”(2002-12B) had already learnt B. would have already learntC. have already learnt D. already

54、learnt9.When I found Linda, she (play) _ table tennis with her friend Jean.(2002-6B)w9.Up till now I (spend) _a great deal of money on books, magazines and newspapers.w10.In these five years, the foundation (collect) _a large amount of money.w11.This is the first time I (see) _such a terrible scene.

55、79w10.The police promised that they (try)_ their best to look into the matter.(2002-6A)w11.Though he _(prepare )well before the job interview, he failed to answer some important questions.(2005-6A)12.Jim told me he (join) _the army two years before.(2003-12A)13.Tom took no notice of what I was sayin

56、g because he thought I (cheat)_him.(2001-12A)w14.This time next week Ill be on vocation. Probably I_ on a beautiful beach.(2003-12A)wA. am lying B. have lain wC. will be lying D. will have lain15.By the end of this year the factory (produce)_20,000 cell phones.(2005-12A)16.By the time you get to Shanghai tomorrow, I_ for Chongqing.(2004-6A)w17.Most students (take) _ sixty credits by the time they graduate.(2003-6A)w18.He _(work )in this company since he