土建專業(yè)詞匯(漢英)

1、6-110建筑、結(jié)構(gòu)、總交10分鐘最大平均風(fēng)速 maximum average wind speed for 10 minutes28天齡期抗壓強(qiáng)度 compressive strength at 28 day-ageA形柱 A-poleH型截面 H-sectionT形梁 T-girderT形組合角鋼 back-to-back anglesT型薄腹梁 T-section roof girderT型截面 T-sectionU形箍筋 U-stirrupsU形環(huán) shackleV形縫 splayed joint, V-jointV形檐槽 arris gutterZ-型鋼 Z-sectionZ型角鐵

2、Z-angleA矮樹林 bush安定性 soundness安全（容許）荷載 charge of surety安全出口 emergency outlet, fire escape, safe exit, exit安全島 pedestrian island安全度 degree of safety安全盔 hard hat, safety helmet安全帽 hard hat, safety helmet安全梯 ladder escape安全通道 safety passage安全系數(shù) degree of safety, safety factor安息角 angle of repose安裝 buildi

3、ng-up, erect, fabricate安裝焊縫 erection weld安裝荷載 erection load安裝與調(diào)試階段 installation and commissioning stage岸壁 bulkhead wall, quay岸跨 approach span岸首 bankhead暗插銷 insert bolt暗窗 blank window暗的 concealed暗縫 buried joint, coped joint暗溝 blind ditch暗溝排水 blind drainage, underdrainage暗溝填料 blinding material暗門 blank

4、 door, blind door暗線 buried wire暗線槽 conduit暗箱 booth暗銷桿 dowel bar凹槽 channel, recess凹縫 open joint凹陷 cave-in, fallingB八角窗 bay window扒釘 anti-checking iron把手 grasp壩 dam壩頂 dam top壩肩 dam abutment壩腳 dam toe壩坡 dam slope壩墻 dam wall壩址 dam site壩軸線 dam axis壩座 dam abutment白鐵皮 galvanized iron白土 argil白蟻 termite百葉窗 b

5、lind window, louver window, shutter百葉窗式的 baffle-type百葉簾 shutter blind 百葉門 blind door, louver door, shutter door斑馬線 zebra crossing斑脫土（巖） bentonite板 slab板底標(biāo)高 soffit level板肋 arris of slab板棱 arris of slab板梁 plate girder, lattice girder板式基礎(chǔ) mat footing, mat foundation板條 bat, batten, boarding板條隔墻 battened

6、 partition板條門 batten door板條墻 battened wall板條心膠合板 batten board板圍 hoarding板巖 slate板樁 sheet pile, sheet wall piling半敞開小室 benchtop cave半地下室 partially-exposed basement半風(fēng)化狀態(tài) semi-weathered state半光瓷漆 semigloss enamel半光漆 semigloss paint半透明玻璃 translucent glass半透明的 translucent半永久建筑 semi-permanent structure半圓飾

7、邊 beading fillet拌和 agitation, mixing拌和廠 batch plant拌和樓 batch plant, batching plant綁扎鋼筋 wiring reinforcement綁扎鋼絲（綁鋼筋用） bonder wire棒鋼 bar steel包爾曼桁架（多弦三角形桁架） Bollman truss包鋁的 alclad包鐵木材 armored wood包鐵皮的 armored寶庫 magazine飽和度 degree of saturation飽和砂 saturated sand飽和系數(shù) saturation coefficient保護(hù)層 protecti

8、ve coating保護(hù)電弧焊 shielded arc welding保護(hù)焊 shielded welding保溫層 heat insulation course保溫型彩色壓型墻板 insulated plastic coated corrugated steel deck siding堡壘 fortress杯形基礎(chǔ) footing socket貝利式（桁架）橋跨 bailey span貝利式桁架 bailey truss備餐間 pantry備件（品）庫 spare parts storage, accessories store備用房 spare room背襯 back lining, b

9、acking背襯梁 backer brick背襯料 back lining背襯磚 backing brick背撐 back shore背風(fēng)（的） leeward背后擋板 backboard背靠背組合角鋼 back-to-back angles背面支柱 back leg背視圖 back view背有凹槽的門框 buck frame被動(dòng)土壓力 passive earth pressure錛子 adz本土 mainland本土的 indigenous崩塌 avalanche, collapse, eboulement, falling崩塌防護(hù) avalanche defence泵坑 pump pit

10、比較布置（方案） alternate layout比較設(shè)計(jì)（方案） alternate design比重 specific gravity閉合 closure壁 border壁櫥 built-in cupboard, closet壁孔 aperture壁紙 wallpaper避雷器 lightning rod (conductor), lightning arrester避雷針 lightning rod, lightning conductor 臂 arm邊 bordering邊界標(biāo)志 bordering邊跨 side span邊框 cheek邊梁 facia邊模板 cheek board邊

11、坡整平工作 bluff work邊緣 border邊緣 margin邊緣地 borderland扁斧 adz扁鋼 steel strap, flat bar扁鋼絲繩 band rope扁鐵條 band iron便門 access door便橋 access board便橋式腳手架 bridging run便梯 auxiliary stair, cat ladder變電所 substation變截面梁 beam of variable cross-section, haunched beam變截面柱 column with variable cross-sections變位 displaceme

12、nt變形 deflection, deform, deformation變形鋼筋 deformed bar變形金屬板 deformed metal plate變形模量 modulus of deformation變壓器檢修間 transformer maintenance room標(biāo)燈 aiming light標(biāo)桿 aiming post標(biāo)高 elevation, level標(biāo)號(hào)（水泥或混凝土的） grade標(biāo)簽 tag標(biāo)志（樁） beacon標(biāo)準(zhǔn)尺寸 ga(u)ge標(biāo)準(zhǔn)防火門 fire-rated door標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范 standards and specifications表面 facade表

13、面處理 surface preparation表面化硬化 cementation表面接縫 face seam表面裂痕 alligatoring表盤上的眩光 glare on the panels表土層 A-horizon表土夯實(shí) superficial compaction冰凍期 frost period冰凍區(qū) frost zone冰凍線 frost line波紋（狀）的 corrugated波形石棉瓦 corrugated asbestos sheet玻璃 glass玻璃廠 foundry玻璃纖維 fiberglass玻璃纖維保溫材料 glass fibre thermal insulati

14、on material泊松比 Poissons ratio泊位 berth, berthage博物館 museum箔 foil薄板結(jié)構(gòu) thin-slab construction, thin-walled structure薄腹梁 thin-webbed girder薄鋼板 sheet metal, sheet steel薄殼結(jié)構(gòu) shell structure, thin-shell construction薄膜水 adhesive water跛窗 batement-light補(bǔ)充比較方案 additive alternate補(bǔ)給 make-up補(bǔ)給面積 area of supply補(bǔ)給區(qū)

15、 area of supply補(bǔ)強(qiáng)板 gusset補(bǔ)遺 addendum哺乳室 nurse room不按比例 N.T.S (not to scale)不等邊角鋼 unequal angle iron不等角投影 axonometric projection不動(dòng)產(chǎn) real estate不對(duì)稱布置 asymmetric configuration不對(duì)稱荷載 anti-symmetrical load不夠穩(wěn)定的 understable不規(guī)則裂縫 random crack不規(guī)則砌合 broken bond不均勻沉降 unequal settlement不靠墻樓梯 independent stairs不

16、可燃的 incombustible不毛之地 barren不能使用 out of use不平整路面上的凸起處 chatter bump不燃燒結(jié)構(gòu) incombustible construction不燃物 incombustible不燃性 incombustibility不透水層 watertight layer不透水的 dampproofing, watertight不透水墻 watertight wall不穩(wěn)定框架 imperfect frame不銹鋼 stainless steel不銹鋼板 stainless steel plate (sheet)不銹鋼管 stainless steel

17、pipe布告牌 noticeboard布置 configuration步道 ambulatoryC材料擱置區(qū) laydown area采光孔 funnel采料 borrow采料場(chǎng) borrow, borrow pit采暖地區(qū) region with heating provision采石場(chǎng) quarry彩繪 decoration彩色波紋金屬板 colored corrugated sheet metal彩色玻璃 stained-glass彩色藝術(shù)玻璃 art glass參考點(diǎn) point of reference參考圖 reference drawing餐室 dining room殘余收縮 a

18、fter contraction殘余塑性變形 after flow殘余應(yīng)力 residual stresses倉口 funnel倉庫 garner倉庫 warehouse, depository, godown, magazine, entrepot艙底 bilge操作性能 serviceability槽 chase, trench槽板 channel slab槽鋼 channel槽面 facet槽形板 channel roof slab槽形磚 keyed brick草地 grassland草坪 lawn, sward草圖 adumbration草圖設(shè)計(jì)階段 concept(ual) phas

19、e草原 grassland側(cè)壁 cheek側(cè)焊 lateral weld側(cè)面 flank, lateral face, side側(cè)面焊縫 lateral weld側(cè)砌磚 brick laid on edge, brick-on-edge側(cè)砌磚窗臺(tái) brick-on-edge sill側(cè)墻 siding側(cè)向荷載 lateral load側(cè)向凈空 lateral clearance側(cè)向力 lateral force側(cè)向撓度 lateral deflection側(cè)向收縮 lateral contraction側(cè)向推力 side thrust側(cè)向穩(wěn)定 lateral stability側(cè)向壓力 lat

20、eral pressure側(cè)向應(yīng)變 lateral strain側(cè)翼建筑物 flank側(cè)磚鋪面 brick-on-edge paving側(cè)磚壓頂 brick-on-edge coping廁所 cloaca, lavatory, toilet, water closet測(cè)高水準(zhǔn)儀 altitude level測(cè)高儀 altitude gage測(cè)距儀 apomecometer層 layer, tier層面滑動(dòng) bedding slip層壓橡膠 laminated rubber層壓制品 laminate插入 breaking-in, build-in, fill-in插入式配件 male插鐵 con

21、crete insert插鐵 dowel插銷 bolt, click岔道 shunting track拆除（毀） demolition柴油罐 diesel oil storage tank摻合料 admixture摻氣 AE (air entraining)摻砂 addition of sand摻粘土 addition of clay鏟斗 basket鏟口 rabble長(zhǎng)槽孔 slot長(zhǎng)徑（寬）比 aspect ratio長(zhǎng)廊 gallery長(zhǎng)條形基礎(chǔ) long strip footing長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)規(guī)劃 laster plan廠前區(qū) front area of the plant廠區(qū)綠化 green

22、ing of the plant area, make the plant area green廠區(qū)圍墻 boundary wall廠區(qū)占地 land occupation of the plant area, site area廠址地面標(biāo)高 site grade leveling廠址圖 plot廠址位置圖 plot plan場(chǎng)地 yard場(chǎng)地清理 site cleaning超筋的 overreinforced超靜定結(jié)構(gòu) hyperstatic structure超載 excess load, supercharge loading朝向 orientation潮濕的 dank車擋 stop車間

23、 workshop車間組裝的制作件 shop assembled fabricated piece (S.A.F.P.)車庫 garage車行道 carriageway沉淀池 settling basin沉積平原 aggradation plain沉降 settlement, subsidence沉降縫 settlement joint沉降與荷載關(guān)系圖 settlement and load relation沉井基礎(chǔ) sunk shaft foundation, sunk well foundation沉泥井 catch basin沉頭螺釘 sunk screw沉陷 subsidence沉箱

24、caisson, coffer, sinking caisson沉箱法 caisson method沉箱結(jié)構(gòu) caisson-set沉渣室 baghouse陳列室 cabinet陳設(shè) furnish襯板 backing plank襯底 substrate襯墊 gasket, lining襯墊物 backer襯墊磚 furring brick襯里磚 back-up brick襯鋁 alclad襯砌 lining撐窗桿 adjuster for windows撐桿 jack post撐腳 arm-brace撐墻 buttress撐條 bind成層砌石塊體 block-in-course承插端 be

25、ll end承接梁 bridle承梁板 bolster承木 bearer承受得住 withstand承壓力 bearing pressure承壓型高強(qiáng)度螺栓 bearing-type high strength bolt承載能力 load-carrying capacity, supporting capacity承重板 bearing plate承重層 bearing course承重構(gòu)（框）架 load bearing frame, support frame承重構(gòu)件 load bearing member, load-carrying member承重墻 bearing wall承重墻

26、carrying wall, load bearing wall承重墻結(jié)構(gòu) solid-walled structure城墻垛 battlement城市抗震規(guī)劃 seismic planning城鄉(xiāng)規(guī)劃 town and country planning秤桿 arm of balance池墻 bay wall持久強(qiáng)度 long-time strength持力層 supporting course (layer)齒頂 addendum赤褐色 mahogany充氣結(jié)構(gòu) air-inflated structure沖灰泵房 ash sluicing pump house沖擊 impact, shoc

27、k沖剪（切） punching shear沖刷 scouring沖洗 flush抽水降水區(qū) area of pumping depression稠度 consistency出（入）口 access出版 publication出灰口 ash hole出灰桶 ash bin初步可行性研究 preliminary feasibility study初步設(shè)計(jì) preliminary design初步設(shè)計(jì)階段 concept(ual) phase初凝 initial setting初凝時(shí)間 initial setting time除氣混凝土 deaerated concrete除氧間 deaerator

28、 bay儲(chǔ)存土（填土用） banked earth儲(chǔ)氣罐 air receiver儲(chǔ)水池 aqua storage tank穿堂 lobby傳達(dá)室 gatehouse, gatekeeps lodge, reception room椽子 rafter窗 window窗邊木 stile窗插銷 angle catch, sash bolts, window bolt窗洞（口） window opening窗鉤 catch窗過梁 window lintel窗間墻 wall between window, pier窗間墻寬度 interfenestration窗間柱 window post窗鉸鏈 wi

29、ndow butt, window hinge窗距布置 interfenestration窗開關(guān) window opener窗口凳 banquette窗框 sash, sash frame, window frame窗框飾 chambranle窗拉手 sash handle, window pull窗簾 curtain, hangings, window blind, window hanging窗簾布 casement cloth窗幔 window hanging窗楣 fanlight窗裙墻 spandrel (spandril) wall窗扇 window sash, casement窗閂

30、 window bar窗臺(tái) sill窗臺(tái)板 elbow board, window apron, window board, windowsill窗托 backing of window窗下墻 spandrel (spandril) wall窗下墻線腳 breast molding窗腰 breast垂飾 hanger垂直的 plumb, vertical垂直地震力 vertical seismic force垂直鋼箍 vertical stirrup垂直支撐 vertical bracing純彎 pure bending瓷板 vitrolite瓷漆 enamel, namel paint瓷器

31、chinaware, china, figuline瓷釉 enamel, glazing瓷磚 tile, vitrolite次桁架 jack truss次梁 junior beam, secondary beam次應(yīng)力 secondary stress刺釘 barbed nail刺螺栓 barb bolt刺鐵絲 barbed wire粗骨料 coarse aggregate粗纜 hawser粗粒水泥粉刷 bastard stucco粗嵌縫 bastard pointing粗嵌灰縫 bastard tuck pointing粗砂 arenose, coarse sand粗石 quarry roc

32、k, quarry stone粗屑巖 arenyte粗鑿石板 boasted ashlar粗制螺栓 rough bolt粗琢（指石料的） boasting脆的 brash脆性斷裂 brittle fracture脆性破壞 brittle failure存放處 depository存水彎 water sealed joint錯(cuò)縫 alternate joint, broken joint, staggered joint錯(cuò)列接頭 alternate joint錯(cuò)落式住宅 bilevelD搭板 brow搭鉤 agraff搭接 lap over, lap splice搭接部分 lap of spli

33、ce搭接縫 lapped seam搭接焊 lap welding搭接接頭 lap splice, lapped splice搭接瓦 bond tile搭扣 agraff搭橋接合 bridge joint打板條樁 batten sheet piling打底混凝土漿 concrete primer打夯機(jī) tamper打毛 hacking off打掃 brooming打楔子 wedging大壩 dam大壩基礎(chǔ) dam foundation大便器 toilet bowl大車道 bridle road大道 artery大放基腳 offset footing大綱 outline大規(guī)模挖土 bulk exc

34、avation大孔土 macroporous soil大塊混凝土 mass concrete大塊式基礎(chǔ) mass foundation大塊坍落 block caving大理石 marble大梁 girder大梁腹板 web of girder大樓 block, building大陸 mainland大路 artery大門 gate大門門鉸 band and gudgeon大面積開挖 bulk excavation大片 chump大平臺(tái)布置 large platform arrangement大體積混凝土 mass concrete大頭螺釘 stud大型構(gòu)造 macrostructure大型起吊

35、孔 large type hatch opening大型砌塊結(jié)構(gòu) block construction大型墻板 precast wall-panel大修 overhaul帶保溫金屬墻板 insulated metal wall panel帶槽磚 brick with groove帶鋼 band iron, steel strap, flat bar帶鉤鋼筋 bar with hooked end帶帽螺栓 nut bolt帶蘑菇形柱頭的無梁樓板 mushroom slab帶飾門頭線 banded architrave帶飾柱 banded column帶形窗 continuous window帶狀

36、層 belting course帶狀公路 belt highway帶狀線腳 band molding待填槽 back joint袋裝干拌混凝土 bagwork袋裝水泥 bagged cement單獨(dú)基礎(chǔ) isolated footing單管煙囪 single-shaft chimney (stack)單荷載 single load單跨 single span單坡屋頂（面） lean-to roof, single slope roof, single-pitch roof單人套間 chamber單身宿舍樓 dormitory單位面積造價(jià) unit area building cost單向連續(xù)板

37、 one-way continuous slab單向配筋的 one-way reinforced單柱屋架 king post truss單樁 single pile單樁容許荷載 allowable pile bearing load彈簧窗扇 swing sash彈簧門 swing door彈性變形 elastic deformation彈性地基梁 beam on elastic foundation彈性模量 modulus of elasticity淡色 tint當(dāng)?shù)卦牧?indigenous raw materials擋板 baffle board, baffle plate, baffl

38、er擋板式的 baffle-type擋風(fēng)（墻） air stopping擋風(fēng)板 barge board, wind shield擋風(fēng)罩 breakwind擋泥板 dashboard, shield擋水板 eaves flashing, shield擋水建筑物 barrage擋水墻 bulkhead擋水條 water bar擋土墻 bulkhead, retaining wall, bulkhead wall, protecting wall檔案 archives檔案館 archives檔步板 riser檔木 cleat導(dǎo)槽（管） conduit導(dǎo)軌 track導(dǎo)流板 baffler倒T型樓板

39、inverted T-section floor倒棱板條 chamfer strip倒三角形桁架 inverted triangular truss倒塌 cave-in, collapse倒斜板邊 beveled edge倒置 bottom-up搗實(shí) consolidate道路 avenue道路分割帶 center mall道路工程 roadwork道路護(hù)面層 armor course道路入口 entryway道路縱斷面 profile of road道渣 ballast道渣層 body of ballast燈塔 beacon等邊角鋼 equal-leg angle等級(jí) grade等截面 un

40、iform cross section等深線 bathymetric line等效面積 equivalent area等震線 isoseismal低碳鋼 decarbonized steel, low carbon steel, mild steel堤 dyke, embankment, bank, levee堤岸沖刷 bank erosion堤岸碼頭 bulkhead wharf堤背 back of levee滴水 drip, throating, throat, drip channel滴水槽 throat drip, water drip, drip groove底板 base, bas

41、e plate, sole plate, bed piece底槽 bottom cut底層 base course, ground floor, basement, sublayer, substrate底標(biāo)高 bottom level, soffit level底層平面圖 ground floor plan底層涂料 back coat底層油氈 underfelt底門 bottom door底模 bottom die底漆 base lacquer, primer底漆層 prime coat底色 dead color底視圖 bottom view, backplan底涂層 base coat底座

42、 base, base frame, footing, pedestal底座線腳 base molding抵抗 withstand抵抗力矩 moment of resistance地板 boarding, floor board地層的下層 understratum地產(chǎn) landed property, real estate地帶 belt, terrain, zone地方法規(guī) local code, by-law地基 bed soil, subgrade, ground base, ground地基承載力 ground bearing pressure, ground bearing capa

43、city地基處理 base treatment, ground treatment地基勘察（探） soil investigation, soil exploration, subsoil investigation地基梁 ground beam地基條件（情況） subsoil condition地基土 subsoil地腳板 base plate地腳螺栓 anchor bolt, ground bolt， barb bolt地塊 plot地塊滑坍 blockglide地瀝清 albanite地龍墻 sleeper wall地漏 catch basin for drainage, floor d

44、rain地錨 anchor地面 grade, ground, floor地面標(biāo)高 ground level, ground elevation, grade地面排水 surface drainage地面排水溝 area drain, land drain地面坡度 surface slope地面水 surface water地面斜坡 slope of ground地面以下 below ground地面磚 floor brick, floor tile地皮草 carpet herb地平經(jīng)度 azimuth地坪 ground elevation地坪標(biāo)高 grade level, ground ele

45、vation地勢(shì) terrain地下暗河 buried river地下的 underground地下防空洞 buried shelter地下管線 underground pipeline地下排水 sewage discharge, underdrainage地下設(shè)施 infrastructure, underground facilities地下室 basement地下水 subsoil water, subsurface water, underground water地下水位 ground water table, level of ground water, underground wa

46、ter level地下鐵道（英） underground地下通道 underground free way地下巷道 underworkings地形 land forms, topography, configuration, terrain地震 earthquake, quake地震波 seismic wave地震等級(jí) earthquake magnitude地震反應(yīng)譜 earthquake-response spectrum地震荷載 seismic load, earthquake load地震活動(dòng)性 seismicity地震基本烈度 seismic basic intensity地震加速度

47、 earthquake acceleration, seismic acceleration地震力 earthquake force, seismic force地震烈度 earthquake intensity, seismic intensity地震烈度區(qū)劃圖 map of seismic intensity zoning地震設(shè)計(jì) seismic design地震設(shè)計(jì)烈度 seismic design intensity地震效應(yīng) earthquake effect地震震源 centrum地質(zhì)勘查 geological exploration地質(zhì)勘察 geotechnical investi

48、gation地質(zhì)年代 geological age遞變截面梁 tapered beam遞變截面柱 tapered column第一主應(yīng)力 major principal stress顛倒 bottom-up點(diǎn)焊 point welding, spot weld電廠廠區(qū)布置圖 arrangement drawing of the power plant area電廠廠區(qū)地下設(shè)施布置 arrangement of the underground facilities for the power plant area電除塵配電室 ESP. switchgear room電動(dòng)扶梯 escalator電

49、鍍的 galvanic電工 electrician電弧焊 arc welding電弧焊機(jī) arc welding set電弧溶化 arc melting電纜溝 cable trench電纜管道 culvert電纜隧道 cable tunnel電木 bakelite電氣配電室 electrical switchgear room電梯 elevator電梯頂樓 lift penthouse電梯間（井） hoistway, lift well, elevator shaft電梯箱 cage墊板 backing strip, packing, bed piece墊層 bed course, beddi

50、ng, belting course墊層砂漿 bedding mortar墊高 block up墊塊 bolster, cushion block墊木 bed timber, chock墊片 back-up plate, spacer, shim, gasket墊圈 washer墊枕 bolster墊磚 cheese雕刻 carve, chase, engraving, enchase雕鏤 enchase吊材 suspension rod吊車額定起吊荷重 crane rated capacity load吊車荷載 crane load吊車梁 crane girder吊車豎向沖擊荷載 crane

51、 vertical impact load吊車水平剎車力 crane thrust吊車最大輪壓 crane maximum wheel pressure, maximum wheel load吊燈 pendant lamp吊頂 furred ceiling, hung ceiling, suspended ceiling吊桿 boom, suspension rod吊鉤 hanger, hook, lift hook吊架 hanger frame吊筋 suspender吊籃 swinging scaffold, swinging stage, cradle scaffold吊起 hang吊索

52、suspension rod, suspender cable吊線（鉛錘線使砌墻面保持鉛直） plumb吊裝 erection, hoisting吊裝間 loading bay調(diào)車場(chǎng) railway-yard調(diào)車線 shunting track調(diào)節(jié)桿 adjusting rod調(diào)節(jié)聯(lián)桿 adjusting link調(diào)節(jié)螺母 adjusting nut調(diào)節(jié)裝置 adjusting device調(diào)整桿 adjusting rod調(diào)整健 adjusting key調(diào)整螺釘 adjusting screw調(diào)整螺母 adjusting nut調(diào)整鍥塊 adjusting wedge跌水 water drop疊層 laminate疊層木材 laminated timber疊加 superposi