Unit2__賓語從句專項課件

1、Unit2 賓語從句專項講解賓語從句專項講解 We know him We know he likes English.主主s主主s謂謂v謂謂v賓賓o賓賓o賓語從句就是由一個句子來構(gòu)成主句的賓語賓語從句就是由一個句子來構(gòu)成主句的賓語 主主s謂謂v賓賓o簡單句簡單句復合句復合句 一一 什么什么 是賓語從句？是賓語從句？試比較賓語從句的概念賓語從句的概念 在句子中起賓語作用的從句叫做賓語從句。在句子中起賓語作用的從句叫做賓語從句。 We know Mr Green teaches English. She asked if these answers were right.二、賓語從句三要素：二、

2、賓語從句三要素：連連 接接 詞詞時時 態(tài)態(tài)語語 序序1.由從屬連詞由從屬連詞that引導的賓語從句引導的賓語從句3.由連接代詞由連接代詞 who, whom, whose, which， what 和連接副詞和連接副詞 where, how, why, when引導的賓語從句引導的賓語從句2.由從屬連詞由從屬連詞 whether, if 引導的賓語從句引導的賓語從句賓語從句連接詞賓語從句連接詞:1.陳述句2.一般疑問句3.特殊疑問句that if /whether原有的連接代詞原有的連接代詞和連接副詞和連接副詞1. I hear (that) _. 2. He said (that) _. 3

3、. The teacher told us (that) _ _. he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves由由that引導的賓語從句引導的賓語從句注：注：that 在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不充在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不充當成分，在口語當中往往省略。當成分，在口語當中往往省略。around the sunObject clauses with thatWell have exams next Friday.Using sayI can help him.The teacher says (that )

4、 well have exams next Friday.The girl says (that) she can help him.v1. April is the hottest month of the year.v (I believe)vI believe (that) April is the hottest month of the year. v2. It was a little crowded. v( I guess)v I guess (that) it was a little crowded.v3. The races were not that interestin

5、g to watch.v (Bill thinks )vBill thinks (that) the races were not that interesting to watch.v4. The Water Festival is really fun. v( I know)v I know (that) the Water Festival is really fun.v5. Miss Liu will go to the beach tomorrow.v (I hear )vI hear (that) Miss Liu will go to the beach tomorrow. v6

6、. The food was delicious .v ( He says)v He says（that) the food was delicious.連詞連詞that不能省略的幾種情況不能省略的幾種情況 在由在由that引導的賓語從句中，由于連詞引導的賓語從句中，由于連詞that只起引導功能，無具體意義，不擔當任何成份，只起引導功能，無具體意義，不擔當任何成份，因此在口語或非正式的文體中?？墒÷?。然而，因此在口語或非正式的文體中常可省略。然而，大凡規(guī)則總有例外的情況，在下列大凡規(guī)則總有例外的情況，在下列that引導的引導的賓語從句中，賓語從句中，that則不能省略。則不能省略。1. 從句的

7、主語是從句的主語是that。如：。如： He says that that is a real kings hat. 他說那是一個真的王冠。他說那是一個真的王冠。2. that從句中含有主從復合句。如：從句中含有主從復合句。如： Im afraid that if youve lost it, you must pay for it.3. 主、從句之間有插入語時。如：主、從句之間有插入語時。如： It says here, on this card, that it was used in plays. 卡片上寫著，它是古代演戲用的。卡片上寫著，它是古代演戲用的。4. 若出現(xiàn)兩個或兩上以上的由

8、若出現(xiàn)兩個或兩上以上的由that引導的賓引導的賓語從句，且由并列連詞連接時，只有第一個語從句，且由并列連詞連接時，只有第一個連詞連詞that可以省略。如：可以省略。如： She said (that) she would come and that she would also bring her son. 她說她要來，還要帶她的兒子來。她說她要來，還要帶她的兒子來。vThese planet will produce food and oxygen that we need to live on Mars.vScientists will develop plants that can gr

9、ow on Mars.vPeople think that humans on Mars have to wear special boots to make themselves heavier.vWe all know that Mars is a planet in the solar system.vThe journey to Mars could take only a very short time in space shuttles that travel at half the speed of light.vSome scientists do not believe th

10、at the journey to Mars will be very comfortable.Which of the following sentences has an object clause?Is Jim in ?Has she taken any medicine ?Using wonderLi Lei wonders if Jim is in.The doctor wonders if she has taken some medicine.疑問句變賓語從句的步驟：疑問句變賓語從句的步驟：1、把句、把句子變?yōu)榭隙ň渥幼優(yōu)榭隙ň鋠Is Jim at home? Jim is at

11、 home. 2. Is June a good time to visit Hong Kong? June is a good time to visit Hong Kong. 3. Does he like sports? He likes sports. 4. Will they play basketball after school? They will play basketball after school.變化方法：變化方法：主句主句 + if / whether + 一般疑問句。一般疑問句。if/whether 引導賓語從句引導賓語從句 ，表示，表示“是否是否”之義，之義，在

12、句中不充當句子成份，在句中不充當句子成份， if/whether可互換?？苫Q。2.在句子前加上從屬連詞在句子前加上從屬連詞 whether, if該一般疑問句要變?yōu)殛愂鼍湫问健Ｔ撘话阋蓡柧湟優(yōu)殛愂鼍湫问?。把下列各句變?yōu)橘e語從句把下列各句變?yōu)橘e語從句vIs Jim at home? (I wonder) I wonder whether / if Jim is at home. 2. Is June a good time to visit Hong Kong? ( He wonders) He wonders whether/ if June is a good time to visit

13、 Hong Kong. 把下列各句變?yōu)橘e語從句把下列各句變?yōu)橘e語從句 3. Does he like sports? ( Do you know) Do you know whether he likes sports? 4. Will they play basketball after school? ( He asks) He asks whether they will play basketball after school. if和和whether引導賓語從句時，作引導賓語從句時，作“是否是否”講，一般情況下，二者沒有區(qū)別，可以換用。講，一般情況下，二者沒有區(qū)別，可以換用。但但if

14、常用于口語中，常用于口語中，whether比較正式。如：比較正式。如： Millie asked if/whether he liked this sweater. 米莉問他是否喜歡這件羊毛衫。米莉問他是否喜歡這件羊毛衫。 The fisherman wants to know if/whether it will rain. 漁民想知道天是否會下雨。漁民想知道天是否會下雨。Object clauses with if and whether由由if / whether引導的賓語從句引導的賓語從句. if和和whether引導賓語從句時，要注意賓語引導賓語從句時，要注意賓語從句三要素，即連詞、

15、語序和時態(tài)。由于從句三要素，即連詞、語序和時態(tài)。由于if和和whether連接的是一般疑問句，因此要注意把連接的是一般疑問句，因此要注意把從句語序改為陳述句語序。如：從句語序改為陳述句語序。如： Does Mr Zhao live in Room 208? Could you tell me? Could you tell me if/whether Mr Zhao lives in Room 208? 其次要注意時態(tài)變化：其次要注意時態(tài)變化： 1. 若主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句用任何所需時若主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句用任何所需時態(tài)。如：態(tài)。如： He wants to know if / wheth

16、er they had a good journey home. 他想知道他們回家旅途是否愉快。他想知道他們回家旅途是否愉快。2. 若主句是一般過去時，從句則用跟過去相若主句是一般過去時，從句則用跟過去相關(guān)的時態(tài)。即一般現(xiàn)在時變?yōu)橐话氵^去時、關(guān)的時態(tài)。即一般現(xiàn)在時變?yōu)橐话氵^去時、現(xiàn)在進行時變?yōu)檫^去進行時、一般將來時為現(xiàn)在進行時變?yōu)檫^去進行時、一般將來時為過去將來時、現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)變?yōu)檫^去完成時。過去將來時、現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)變?yōu)檫^去完成時。如：如： Did the train leave? She didnt know. She didnt know if / whether the train ha

17、d left. . if和和whether的區(qū)別的區(qū)別二者在下列幾種情況下不能換用：二者在下列幾種情況下不能換用：1. 賓語從句置于句首表示強調(diào)時，應(yīng)用賓語從句置于句首表示強調(diào)時，應(yīng)用whether，不用，不用if。如：。如： Whether this is true or not, I cant say. 這是否對，我不能說。這是否對，我不能說。2. 賓語從句與賓語從句與or not直接連用時，應(yīng)用直接連用時，應(yīng)用whether，不能用，不能用if。如：。如： I dont know whether or not he will come tomorrow. 我不知道他明天是否來。我不知道他

18、明天是否來。3. 與動詞不定式連用時，只能用與動詞不定式連用時，只能用whether。如：。如： She cant decide whether to go to America. 她不能決定是否去美國。她不能決定是否去美國。4. 從句作介詞賓語時，只能用從句作介詞賓語時，只能用whether。如：。如： I worry about whether I hurt her feeling. 我擔心是否傷了她的感情。我擔心是否傷了她的感情。5. 賓語從句的謂語動詞是否定形式時，只能用賓語從句的謂語動詞是否定形式時，只能用if，不能用，不能用whether。如：。如： Tom wants to kn

19、ow if he wont come here tomorrow. 湯姆想知道他明天是否不來這兒。湯姆想知道他明天是否不來這兒。6. if意為意為“假如，如果假如，如果”時，可以引導條件狀時，可以引導條件狀語從句，而語從句，而whether沒有這個用法。如：沒有這個用法。如： If Simon comes here tomorrow, Ill call you. 假如西蒙明天來這兒，我將打電話告訴你。假如西蒙明天來這兒，我將打電話告訴你。1. I dont know if Mr. Wang _on a field trip. If he _ on a field trip tomorrow,

20、please call me. A. goes; will go B. will go; goes C. will go; will go D. goes; goes 2. She asked me if I knew _. A. whose pen was it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen is it BB3. They wondered if the teacher _ us English the next term. A. would teach B. had taught C. will teach D. t

21、aughtAChoose the right answers.5. I havent decide _ Ill go out or stay at home. A. if B. when C. why D. whether6. I want to know _ he loves you. A. that B. what C. if D. whoDC4. The boy asked _ any noise from outside. A. whether had I heard B. whether I had heard C. whether have I heard D. whether I

22、 have heardBAC 7. I wondered _ our teacher was going to attend our party. A. whether B. why C. where D. that 8. Id like to know _ or not. A. whether will he come B. whether has he come C. whether he will come D. if he will come改為含賓語從句的復合句改為含賓語從句的復合句 1. Will the train arrive on time? I want to know.

23、I want to know _ the train _ on time.2. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know. Li Lei wants to know _ Peter _ here yesterday.will arriveif / whether came if / whether Complete the sentences.1. 我們不知道我們能否在火星上種植植物。我們不知道我們能否在火星上種植植物。 We are wondering _ _ on Mars.2. 你能告訴我是不是有許多人打算搬到火星你能告訴我是

24、不是有許多人打算搬到火星上去嗎？上去嗎？ Could you tell me _ to Mars?whether / if we canif / whether many peopleare going to movegrow plants3. 我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服。我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服。 I dont know _ any washing at home. 4. 我擔心是否傷害了她的感情。我擔心是否傷害了她的感情。 I am worried about _. whether or not he doeswhether I hurt herfeelings1. Uncle Wang c

25、ame up to see _ there was anything wrong with the machine.2. The shop keeper asked my father _ or not he wanted to choose a big Christmas tree.if / whetherwhether3. I dont know _ to go or stay.4. _ that is true, what should we do?whetherIf5. _ they will ever become future Olympic champions only time

26、 will tell. WhetherComplete the sentences with if / whether.v賓語從句語序：陳述句語序賓語從句語序：陳述句語序v主句主句 + +連連 接接 詞詞 + +主語主語 + +謂語謂語 + +其他成分其他成分. .把下列賓語從句變?yōu)榉穸ň?。把下列賓語從句變?yōu)榉穸ň?。vI think that they are fun to watch. I dont think that they are fun to watch.2. I believe April is the hottest month of the year. I dont beli

27、eve April is the hottest month of the year. 三、賓語從句的句型變化三、賓語從句的句型變化v賓語從句的句型變化一般體現(xiàn)在主賓語從句的句型變化一般體現(xiàn)在主句的變化上。句的變化上。vPlease tell me how I can go there.vCould you please tell me how I can go there ?vDont tell me how I can go there .四、賓語從句的四、賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移否定轉(zhuǎn)移：v如果主句的謂語動詞是如果主句的謂語動詞是 think, believe, guess , suppose

28、 等，等，而且主句的主語又是第一人稱時，而且主句的主語又是第一人稱時，它后面接的賓語從句的否定詞通它后面接的賓語從句的否定詞通常要前移到主句中，即否定主句常要前移到主句中，即否定主句中的動詞，而從句用肯定形式中的動詞，而從句用肯定形式v即：即：主語為第一人稱，否定在主主語為第一人稱，否定在主句，翻譯在從句。句，翻譯在從句。 Translate the following sentences.1. 我認為不會下雨我認為不會下雨 I _ that it _. 2. 我認為你的答案不對我認為你的答案不對. I _your answer right. 我們相信他還沒走我們相信他還沒走. We _ th

29、at he _. dont think will raindont thinkisdont believe has gonePractice :根據(jù)漢語句子的意思完成下列英語句子根據(jù)漢語句子的意思完成下列英語句子1. 我認為瑪麗不回來了。我認為瑪麗不回來了。 I dont think Mary _ _.2. 山姆給我說他準備去上海。山姆給我說他準備去上海。 Sam told me that he _ _ for Shanghai.3.我想知道今天晚上還有沒有去北京的火車。我想知道今天晚上還有沒有去北京的火車。 I want to know _ there is a train to Beiji

30、ng.willcome was leaving if / whether ( )1. I wonder _. Im afraid well be late. (2011山東青島山東青島) A. how we can be on time B. what we are going to do C. why we get to school late D. if we will arrive at the meeting on time中考鏈接中考鏈接D( )2. Well plant trees tomorrow, and I dont know_ Tom will come and join

31、us. (2011天天津津) A. if B. which C. what D. whereA( )3. Do you know _ tomorrow? Sorry, I dont know. You may surf the Internet. (2011湖南湘潭湖南湘潭)A. whether will it rain B. if it will rain C. whether does it rainB( )4.Mum, can we go to the art museum tomorrow? Sure. But first we should find out _. (2011廣西南寧

32、市廣西南寧市) A. what can we do B. where we can go C. how can we go there D. if it will be openD( )5. We dont know _ the meeting will be held soon. (2011內(nèi)蒙古包頭內(nèi)蒙古包頭) A. when B. what C. whether D. since C( )5. Mary, could you tell me if your mother _ our school sports meeting tomorrow?I think she will come

33、to school if she _ free.(2011山東濱州山東濱州) A. will take part in; will be B. takes part in; is C. will take part in; is D. takes part in; will beC( )6. Do you know _ Guangzhou tomorrow? (2011肇慶肇慶)A. whether they leave for B. whether will they leave for C. whether they are leaving for C( )7. Ive decided t

34、o go to London next weekend. I was wondering _ you could go with me. (2011江西省江西省) A. if B. when C. that D. whereA( )8.Do you think _ Xiao Ming can pass the high school entrance exam or not? Sorry, Ive no idea. (2011廣西百色廣西百色) A. that B. which C. if D. whetherD ( )9. He said that light _much faster th

35、an sound. (2011山東棗莊山東棗莊) A. has travelled B. went C. travels D. travelledC( ) 10. Over these years I have had a new understanding of _ people traditionally call a perfect person. (2012江蘇淮安江蘇淮安) A. how B. what C. who D. whomA( ) 11. Can you tell me in the future? (2012江蘇宿遷江蘇宿遷) A. how life will be like B. how will life be like C. what life will be like D. what will life be likeC( ) 12.Do you know _? At the end of July. (2012江蘇連云港江蘇連云港) A. how soon is your sister running back home B. how often Nancy from her pen friend C. when the London Olympic Games will be held D. when will the new compu