艾滋病防治常用術(shù)語手冊

1、艾滋病防治常用術(shù)語手冊艾滋病的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)常用術(shù)語艾滋病AcquiredImmunodeficiencySyndrome,AIDS艾滋病病毒HumanImmunodeficiencyVirus,HIV艾滋病病毒感染者PeopleLivingwithHIVandAIDS,PLWHA艾滋病病人AIDSpatient艾滋病傳播途徑RoutesofInfection(ModesofHIVtransmission)暗娼CommercialSexWorker,CSW(UNAIDS建議使用SexWorker)不安全性行為UnsafeSex插入性性行為PenetrativeSex產(chǎn)后傳播After-birthTr

2、ansmission窗口期windowperiod毒品drugs多性伴multiplesexualpartners非插入式性交non-penetrativesex服務(wù)場所serviceplace高危行為highriskpopulation(UNAIDS建議使用keypopulationsathigherrisk)高危性行為highriskbehavior共用針具吸毒sharinginjectionequipment紅絲帶redribbon機(jī)會(huì)性感染opportunisticinfections,OI雞尾酒療法cocktailtherapy性傳播sexualtransmission血液傳播blo

3、od-bornetransmission免疫系統(tǒng)immunesystem母嬰傳播Mothertochildtransmission,MTCT男妓maleprostitute男用安全套malecondom女用安全套femalecondom潛伏期incubationperiod清潔針具cleanneedle全科醫(yī)生generalpractitioner,GP商業(yè)性行為Commercialsex生活技能Lifeskills生殖健康Reproductivehealth世界艾滋病日WorldAIDSDay世界艾滋病行動(dòng)WorldAIDScampaign,WAC雙性戀Bisexuality雙性性行為Bis

4、exuality水制潤滑劑K-YLubricant,KY體液Bodyfluid替代喂養(yǎng)replacementfeeding同伴教育peereducation同性戀Homosexuality同性性行為homosexualbehavior無償獻(xiàn)血volunteerblooddonation性伴侶sexualpartner性產(chǎn)業(yè)sexindustry性傳播感染Sexuallytransmittedinfections,STI性功能障礙Sexualdysfunction性教育sexeducation性傾向sexorientation性身份認(rèn)同genderidentity性行為sexbehavior血漿

5、plasma血液制品bloodproducts血友病hemophilia義務(wù)獻(xiàn)血compulsoryblooddonation異性戀heterosexuality異性性行為heterosexualsex易感人群susceptiblepopulation疫苗vaccine預(yù)防母嬰傳播preventiononmothertochildtransmission,PMTCT娛樂場所Entertainmentplace有償采供血Paidbloodsupplement艾滋病流行病學(xué)常用術(shù)語艾滋病流行病學(xué)專題調(diào)查specificepidemiologicalinvestigation艾滋病疫情估計(jì)和預(yù)測es

6、timateandprojectonAIDSepidemics案例分析casestudy被動(dòng)檢測passivesurveillance抽樣sampling脆弱人群vulnerablepopulation，VP(UNAIDS建議使用MostLikelytobeexposedtoHIV)發(fā)病率incidencerate覆蓋面coverage感染率prevalencerate高危人群highriskpopulation高危人群規(guī)模估計(jì)調(diào)查populationsizeestimateofhighriskgroups核心人群corepopulation繪制活動(dòng)場所分布圖mappingofentertai

7、nmentplaces監(jiān)測surveillance流行或大流行epidemicorpandemic橋梁人群bridgepopulation哨點(diǎn)監(jiān)測sentinelsurveillance網(wǎng)絡(luò)直報(bào)系統(tǒng)web-basedreportingsystem危險(xiǎn)行為發(fā)生率incidenceofhighriskbehavior新發(fā)感染率incidencerate行為監(jiān)測behaviorsurveillance血清流行病學(xué)seroepidemiology注射吸毒injectiondruguse職業(yè)暴露occupationalexposure主動(dòng)監(jiān)測active/positivesurveillance綜合監(jiān)測

8、comprehensivesurveillance艾滋病診斷治療常用術(shù)語CD4+T淋巴細(xì)胞CD4+Tcount艾滋病病毒急性感染期acuteinfection-primaryHIV-1infectionstage艾滋病快速診斷試劑rapidHIV/AIDSTestingReagent艾滋病臨床分期AIDSclinicalstages艾滋病慢性感染HIVchronicinfection艾滋病相關(guān)綜合征AIDSrelatedcomplex,ARC病毒載量HIVviralload病毒載量測定viralloadtest單采漿plasmapheresis蛋白酶抑制劑proteaseinhibitor,P

9、I蛋白印跡法westernblottest,WB服藥依從性adherence,compliance高效抗逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒療法Highlyactiveanti-retroviraltherapy,HAART規(guī)范化性病診療StandardizeddiagnosisandtreatmentofSTDS聚合酶鏈反應(yīng)PCR抗體檢測Antibodydetection抗原檢測Antigendetection聯(lián)合用藥組合recommendedantiretroviralregimentsorcomponents梅毒syphilis梅毒血清學(xué)試驗(yàn)serologictestforsyphilis酶聯(lián)免疫法ELISA美沙

10、酮維持治療methadonemaintenancetherapy,MMT耐藥性drugresistance逆轉(zhuǎn)錄酶抑制劑NRT強(qiáng)制性檢測mandatorytesting求醫(yī)行為healthseekingbehavior確認(rèn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室confirmationlaboratory確認(rèn)試驗(yàn)confirmedtest篩查實(shí)驗(yàn)室screeninglaboratory篩查試驗(yàn)screeningtest實(shí)驗(yàn)室生物安全LaboratoryBiologysafety,LBS實(shí)驗(yàn)室質(zhì)量保證qualityassurance，QA實(shí)驗(yàn)室質(zhì)量控制qualitycontrol，QC實(shí)驗(yàn)室質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)LaboratoryQuali

11、tyAppraisement,EQA試驗(yàn)的敏感性sensitivity試驗(yàn)的特異性specificity隨訪followup停藥drugstopping脫毒detoxification污染區(qū)contaminatedsection無癥狀感染期HIVpositivestage心癮mentaladdiction性病病癥處理syndromicapproachforthemanagementofsexuallytransmitteddisease樣品sample,specimen藥物的不良反應(yīng)adversereaction藥物濫用drugabuse/drugdependence一線用藥方案first-l

12、ineARVregimens醫(yī)源性感染Iatrogenictransmission陰道殺菌劑Vaginaantiseptic陰性對(duì)照negativecontrol中藥治療traditionalmedicinetherapy治療失敗treatmentfailure現(xiàn)代結(jié)核病控制策略directlyobservedtreatmentshortcourse,DOTS艾滋病干預(yù)、教育、預(yù)防常用術(shù)語419onenightstandIEC材料informationeducationcommunicationmaterial,IECmaterial艾滋病的三級(jí)預(yù)防threelevelsofpreventio

13、nonHIV/AIDS安全套社會(huì)營銷condomsocialmarketing安全套推廣使用condompromotion安全性行為safesex安全注射safeinjection參與式方法participativeapproach倡導(dǎo)advocacy大眾傳播masscommunication大眾傳媒massmedia大眾教育publiceducation德爾菲法Delphimethod定量研究quantitativeresearch定性研究qualitativeresearch封閉性問題closequestion隔離isolation個(gè)案調(diào)查casesurvey個(gè)人深入訪談individua

14、lin-depthinterview,IDI健康促進(jìn)healthpromotion,HP健康教育healtheducation,HE健康教育處方healtheducationprescription降低危害harmreduction交流技能communicationskills角色扮演roleplay戒斷癥狀withdrawalsymptom開放式問題openquestion目標(biāo)人群targetpopulation目標(biāo)人群的參與participationoftargetpeople普遍性防護(hù)原則universalprotectionprinciple青春期教育adolescenceeducat

15、ion人際傳播interpersonalcommunication示范區(qū)“面對(duì)面”宣傳教育“facetoface”educationcampaignonHIV/AIDS收視率audiencerating頭腦風(fēng)暴brainstorming外展服務(wù)outreachservice問卷調(diào)查questionnairesurvey校內(nèi)教育in-schooleducation校外教育out-schooleducation信息、教育和交流information、education、communication,IEC信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)informationnetwork行為改變干預(yù)behaviorchangeinterv

16、rntion,BCI行為改變交流behaviorchangecommunication,BCC行為干預(yù)behaviorinterview,BI以學(xué)生為中心的教育活動(dòng)students-centerededucation誘導(dǎo)性問題leadingquestion預(yù)試驗(yàn)pretest知識(shí)、態(tài)度和實(shí)踐/行為KAP/B知曉率awarenessrate預(yù)防性治療preventivetreatment針具交換syringeexchange專題小組訪談focusgroupdiscussions,FGDs艾滋病人關(guān)懷、咨詢、反歧視常用術(shù)語“四免一關(guān)懷”政策“fourfreeandonecare”policy,FF

17、OCP艾滋病自愿咨詢檢測voluntarycounselingandtesting,VCT保密原則confidentiality暴露后評(píng)估post-exposureriskevaluation暴露后預(yù)防exposureprophylaxis邊緣人群marginalizedgroups草根組織grass-rootsorganization不評(píng)判原則nonjudgmentalprinciple非言語交流nonverbalcommunication非政府組織non-governmentalorganization,NGO關(guān)懷與支持careandsupport家庭關(guān)懷home-basedcare檢測后

18、咨詢post-testingcounseling檢測前咨詢pre-testingcounseling流動(dòng)人口migratorypopulations流浪兒童streetchildren匿名檢測anonymoustesting歧視discrimination社會(huì)營銷socialmarketing社會(huì)支持socialsupport社區(qū)動(dòng)員communitymobilization社區(qū)關(guān)懷community-basedcare受艾滋病影響的兒童childrenaffectedbyAIDS/AIDS受益者beneficiaries危險(xiǎn)評(píng)估riskassessment心理危機(jī)psychologicalc

19、risis性伴通知partnernotification性伴咨詢partnercounseling亞文化subculture陽性告知patientnotification預(yù)防性咨詢preventivetreatment支持小組supportgroup轉(zhuǎn)介服務(wù)referralservice咨詢counseling咨詢熱線counselinghotline艾滋病有關(guān)倫理道德、法律法規(guī)常用術(shù)語公平原則justicedoctrine倫理原則ethics污名化stigmatization性別平等genderequity隱私privacy與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)議theagreementontrade-re

20、latedaspectsofintellectualpropertyrights,TRIPagreement知情同意informedconsent艾滋病病例報(bào)告 成本效益分析 成本效用分析 成本效果分析艾滋病預(yù)防工作項(xiàng)目管理、督導(dǎo)、評(píng)價(jià)常用術(shù)語casereportingcost-benefitanalysiscost-utilityanalysiscost-effectivenessanalysis督導(dǎo)評(píng)估supervisionassessment高危人群干預(yù)工作隊(duì)workingteamforinterventionamonghigh-riskpopulationofHIV/AIDS國務(wù)院防治

21、艾滋病工作委員會(huì)thestatecouncilAIDSworkingcommittee,SCAWC過程評(píng)估processevaluation技術(shù)援助technicalassistance疾病負(fù)擔(dān)diseaseburden決策者policymaker可及性accessibility快速評(píng)估rapidappraisal擴(kuò)展scaling-up利益相關(guān)者stakeholder聯(lián)合國大會(huì)艾滋病特別會(huì)議unitednationsgeneralassemblyspecialsessiononHIV/AIDS,UNGASS內(nèi)部評(píng)估internalassessment能力建設(shè)capacitybuilding評(píng)

22、價(jià)指標(biāo)evaluationindex千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)millenniumdevelopmentgoals,MDG強(qiáng)制許可compulsorylicensing全國艾滋病綜合防治示范區(qū)項(xiàng)目chinacomprehensiveAIDSresponseprogram,ChinaCARES全球抗擊艾滋病、肺結(jié)核和瘧疾基金（簡稱全球基金）TheglobalfundtofightAIDS,tuberculosisandmalaria-GFATM,globalfund外部評(píng)估externalassessment外部質(zhì)量評(píng)估externalqualityassessment現(xiàn)場督導(dǎo)fieldmonitoring現(xiàn)狀評(píng)估currentsituationassessment項(xiàng)目可持續(xù)性