錄播課—現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

1、李秀麗制作李秀麗制作過(guò)過(guò)去去1.一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)2. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)3. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)4. 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)5. 過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在在1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)2. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)將將來(lái)來(lái)1.一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)2.將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)3.將來(lái)完成時(shí)將來(lái)完成時(shí)3.3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)4. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)時(shí)5. How long have you _ this dictionary? A bought B borrowed C had D lent7.Where is Han Mei now? - She _ to Shanghai.

2、A has gone B has been C goes D had gone have/has gone to:已經(jīng)去了或在途中，還沒(méi)有返回； have/has been to:曾今去過(guò)某地，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來(lái)了,后面可接表示“次數(shù)”的狀語(yǔ); have/has been in:表示某人“已在某地停留一段時(shí)間，現(xiàn)仍在那里”，其后常帶表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。 Tom 在哪兒？ 他去書店買書了。 我在北京待了5年了。 Jack 去過(guò)上海兩次了-Where is Tom?-He has gone to the bookshop to buy some books.I have been in Beijing

3、for 5 years.Jack has been to Shanghai twice.Correcting 1. I have borrowed the book for 3 months. 2. My bother has joined the army since he was 18. 3. Jack and Tom have lived here since 5years. 4. The film has been on since I have come to the cinema. 5. When has Mr. Li caught a bad cold? have kepthas

4、 been in/ been a member of the armysince 5 years ago/ for 5 yearscame didcatch 6. Ten years have passed since they got married. 7. Jim has gone to Beijing for 2 years. 8.What time have the factory opened? 9.I have gone to Chunhua Middle School twicehashas been indidopenbeen toeg.他死了兩年了：他死了兩年了：He die

5、d two years ago.He has been dead for two years /since two years agoIt is two years since he died.It has been two years since he diedTwo years has passed since he died. I borrowed the book a month ago.It is/ has been a month since I borrowed the book.I have kept the book for a month. /since a month a

6、go.A month has passed since I borrowed the book.2. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以用來(lái)表示現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以用來(lái)表示發(fā)生在過(guò)發(fā)生在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作和去某一時(shí)刻一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)狀態(tài),常與表示常與表示持續(xù)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用持續(xù)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用. 表示持續(xù)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞多是表示持續(xù)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞多是延續(xù)延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞性動(dòng)詞。I havent seen her these days.Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998. 9. How long have you _

7、 the football team of the school? A been on B been at C joined D played 10. -Where have you _ these days? - I have _ to Dazhu with my friends.A been,gone B been,been Cgone,been Dgone,gone11. How long have you _ this book? A bought B borrowed C had D lent12. Excuse me, _ you seen the film yet? - Yes,

8、 I _ it last night.A have, see B have, have seen C have, seen D have,saw13. He has never ridden a horse before, _? A is he B isnt C hasnt D has heABCDD 用法二用法二： for+段時(shí)間段時(shí)間 since+點(diǎn)時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間 since+句子（過(guò)去時(shí)）句子（過(guò)去時(shí)）E.g. Kate has lived here for 3 years. Kate has lived here since 3 years ago. Kate has lived here

9、 since she came to China.表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間開始的動(dòng)作表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間開始的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)或存在的狀態(tài)，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并可能還將持續(xù)下去。動(dòng)詞在并可能還將持續(xù)下去。動(dòng)詞使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。常與使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。常與forfor或或sincesince引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間連用引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間連用1.Youve never seen such a wonderful film before, _?A havent you B have you C do you D dont you2. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So _ her parents. A

10、has B do C did D have3. I have watched the game. -When _ you _ it?A have watched B do watch C did watch D will watchB D C4. Mr. Green _ in China since five years ago. A lived B has lived C lives D is going to live5. His grandma _ for two years. A died B has been dead C was dead D has died6. Where is

11、 Han Mei now? - She _ to Shanghai. She will be back in two days. A has gone B has been C goes D had gone7. -_ to the United States ? - No, never,but I went to Canada a few years ago.8. You havent changed your mind,_? A do you B are you C have you D did youBBADCA hasbeen B hasgone C havebenn D havego

12、neeg. 他死了兩年了：He died two years ago.He has been dead for two years /since two years ago It is/ has been two years since he died.Two years has passed since he died. 1. 這本書我借了一個(gè)月了。I borrowed this book a month ago.It is/ has been a month since I borrowed the book.I have kept the book for a month. /since

13、 a month ago.A month has passed since I borrowed the book.1.They have lived in China _ 1998.2.We have studied English _ 5 years.3.Joy _ _ (learn) Chinese since she _ (come) to China .4. She has worked in the factory since twenty years ago.(劃線提問(wèn)劃線提問(wèn))_ _ _ she worked in the factory?sinceforhas learntc

14、ameHong long has想一想想一想結(jié)束性動(dòng)詞不能和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀結(jié)束性動(dòng)詞不能和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用語(yǔ)連用,但是他可以轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)但是他可以轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞詞.1. 直接用直接用 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 buy catch(get) a cold borrow Come/go /become put on 2. 轉(zhuǎn)換成轉(zhuǎn)換成 be+be+名詞名詞 join the army Join the Party go to school Have have a coldkeep bewearbe a soldierbe a Party memberbe a stude

15、nt3. 轉(zhuǎn)換成轉(zhuǎn)換成 be + be + 形容詞或副詞形容詞或副詞 die finish begin leave be away fall sleep be asleep close be closed4. 轉(zhuǎn)換成轉(zhuǎn)換成 be + be + 介詞短語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ) go to school be in school join the army be in the armybe deadbe overbe on1.我們買這本書三年了我們買這本書三年了.We have had the book for three years .2.他感冒三天了他感冒三天了. He has had a cold for

16、 three days.We bought the book three years ago . He caught a cold three days ago.一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)可以構(gòu)成一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)可以構(gòu)成 同意句同意句3.自從上星期我借的這本書自從上星期我借的這本書 I have kept the book since last week.4.我成為一個(gè)學(xué)生兩年多了我成為一個(gè)學(xué)生兩年多了. I have been a student for over two years. I borrowed the book last week.I became a student

17、 two years ago.5.Mr Black死了三年了。死了三年了。Mr Black has been dead for three years.Mr Black died three years ago.6.小名參軍半年了。小名參軍半年了。Xiao Ming has been a soldier for half a year.Xiao Ming joined the army half a year ago.7.我們上了我們上了8年學(xué)了。年學(xué)了。We have been students for eight years.8.下課下課10分鐘了。分鐘了。 The class has b

18、een over for ten minutes.9.電影開始了一小時(shí)了。電影開始了一小時(shí)了。 The film has been on for an hour. 終止性動(dòng)詞的肯定式不能和表示一段時(shí)間終止性動(dòng)詞的肯定式不能和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，但可以用相應(yīng)的表示的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，但可以用相應(yīng)的表示延續(xù)狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞替換延續(xù)狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞替換.終止性動(dòng)詞終止性動(dòng)詞borrow buyleavedie 狀態(tài)性短語(yǔ)狀態(tài)性短語(yǔ)keephavebe awaybe dead2)在在It/ That/ This is the first time +(that)從句中從句中,當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)為當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)為is/wi

19、ll be時(shí)時(shí),that從從句中的動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)句中的動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí). It is the first time that Ive been here. 當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞為當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞為was時(shí)時(shí),that從句中的動(dòng)詞從句中的動(dòng)詞通常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)通常用過(guò)去完成時(shí). It was the first time this year that he hadnt worked on Saturday.這是我第一次上網(wǎng)沖浪這是我第一次上網(wǎng)沖浪This is the first time that I have surfed the Internet. Whats your new achievementsl

20、Three years ago,_. By now I _. lWhen I was _, I started to _. By now I _.2002now/2004pastnow用適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁沼眠m當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁誌 _(work) in this city for 2 years. 2. my teacher _(teach) us for 3 months.How long _she _(live) here?-since she _(move) here.How many words _they _(learn) since 2years ago?I _never _(hear) of

21、 this man .My parents _(not come) back yet.She _(go ) to beijin twice.Jim _(go ) to the shop , he will be back in 10 minutes.I _( 借）借）jims bike for a week.My sister _(結(jié)婚）結(jié)婚）since last year.How many times _you _(去）去）to japan?The match _(開始）開始）for half an hour.3. _your cat _（死）（死）for many days?havent

22、comehave workedhas taughthaslivedmovedhavelearnedhaveheardhas been has gonehave kepthas been marriedhavebeenhas been onhasbeen dead瞬間動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞瞬間動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞buyborrowarriveleave Joindieget upget marriedcome herego therebegin/startstopopenclosehavekeepbe inbe awaybe in/ be a member ofbe deadbe upbe married

23、be herebe therebe overbe openbe closedbe on1.I have bought a new car already. I have had a new car for 1 month.2.I have caught a cold . I have had a cold since last week.3. She has got married. She has been married since last year.4. They have joined the party. They have been in the party for a year

24、.5.Her grandfather has died. Her grandfather has been dead since 1999.6. I have borrowed a story book . I have kept a story book for 2 weeks.7. My father has come back. My father has been back for 3 days.8. The film has started. The film has been on for 15 minutes.9. The conference has stopped . The

25、 conference has been over for 2 hours.10. The factory has opened . The factory has been open for 2 years.Exercises:Has she _(離開）離開）yet?-yes, she _(離開離開) for half an hour.How long _you _( 買）買）this new bike? I _(買買) it last Sunday.My parents _(結(jié)婚）結(jié)婚）19 years ago ,they_(結(jié)婚結(jié)婚) since 1985.When _the film

26、_(開始）開始）? It _(開始開始) for 15minutes.The conference _(結(jié)束）結(jié)束）at 8 this morning. It _(結(jié)束結(jié)束) for 10 hours.Our plane _(到達(dá)）到達(dá)）here 2hours ago, we _(到達(dá)到達(dá))here for 2 hours,_your father _(去）去）there? Why not write a letter to him?How many times _she _(去）去）there?-only once.How long _you _(在）在）in beijin? For 2 y

27、ears.I _(當(dāng)，作為）當(dāng)，作為）a teacher since 2001.lefthas been away havehadboughtgot marriedhave been marrieddidstarthas been onstoppedhas been overarrivedhave beenhasgonehasbeenhavebeenhave been他們自從年就結(jié)婚了他們自從年就結(jié)婚了你去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城幾次了，從來(lái)沒(méi)有去過(guò)你去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城幾次了，從來(lái)沒(méi)有去過(guò)1.我的媽媽已經(jīng)離開上海兩天了我的媽媽已經(jīng)離開上海兩天了家長(zhǎng)會(huì)已經(jīng)開始分鐘了家長(zhǎng)會(huì)已經(jīng)開始分鐘了他借我的自行車已經(jīng)好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了他借我的自

28、行車已經(jīng)好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了自從去年，我就已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)警察了自從去年，我就已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)警察了你的爺爺已經(jīng)去世年了嗎？你的爺爺已經(jīng)去世年了嗎？My mother has been away from shanghai for 2 days.How many times have you been to the Great Wall? -never.They have been married since 2000.Parents meeting has been on for 20 minutes.He has kept my bike for a long time.I have been a poli

29、ceman since last year.Has your grandfather been dead for 10 years?She has _to Hong kong ,she will stay there for a week.Where have you _? I have waited for you for a long time.They have _to the park, they are playing happily now.Have you _to Australia? never.How many times has he _to the shop?She wa

30、s there a moment ago, now he has _the teachers office,Has he _London for his holiday ? yes, he flew there yesterday.Mike has _to America several times,How long has your mother _England, -since last year.Jerry isnt here, she has _shanghai, she has _ there for a week.Use “ have/has gone to” “have/has

31、been to “have /has been in” to filling in the blanks.gonebeengonebeenbeengonegonebeenbeen ingonebeen in2)在在It/ That/ This is the first time +(that)從句中從句中,當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)為當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)為is/will be時(shí)時(shí),that從從句中的動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)句中的動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí). It is the first time that Ive been here. 當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞為當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞為was時(shí)時(shí),that從句中的動(dòng)詞從句中的動(dòng)詞通常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)通常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)

32、. It was the first time this year that he hadnt worked on Saturday.這是我第一次上網(wǎng)沖浪這是我第一次上網(wǎng)沖浪This is the first time that I have surfed the Internet. B:since+S(主）主）+V-ed+others.You have learnt English since you came to No.1Middle School. 從上面的句子可以得出：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的第二種用法的兩種時(shí)間從上面的句子可以得出：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的第二種用法的兩種時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可以轉(zhuǎn)換，同時(shí)還可與一般現(xiàn)

33、在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換狀語(yǔ)可以轉(zhuǎn)換，同時(shí)還可與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換.He has lived here for 29 years.1977now常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)： since, for, all ones life in the past/last few years, so far,.for 和和since的運(yùn)用對(duì)比的運(yùn)用對(duì)比:for: +一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間 for two weeks for three yearssince 過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻 since then since last month 一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 si

34、nce she left注意注意:for 和和since 所引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)都所引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)都表示一段時(shí)間表示一段時(shí)間.He has been away for a week.He has been away since last week.對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)都用對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)都用How longYouve never seen such a wonderful film before, _?A havent you B have you C do you D dont you2. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So _ her parents. A do B gone

35、C have D done 3. I have watched the game. -When _ you _ it?A have watched B do watch C did watch D will watch4. Mr. Green _ in China since five years ago. A lived B has lived C lives D is going to live5. His grandma _ for two years. A died B has been dead C was dead D has died6. You havent changed y

36、our mind,_? A do you B are you C have you D did you7. - Where is Han Mei now? - She _ to Shanghai. She will be back in two days. A has gone B has been C goes D had gone8. Ive never _ to the United Stated, but I went to Canada a few years ago. A go B gone C got D been9. How long have you _ the footba

37、ll team of the school?A been on B been at C joined D played10. -Where have you _ these days? - I have _ to Dalian with my friends.A been , gone B been , been C gone , been D gone, gone11. How long have you _ this dictionary? A bought B borrowed C had D lent12. Excuse me, _ you seen the film yet? - Y

38、es, I _ it last night. A have, see B have, have seen C have, seen D have, saw13. He has never ridden a horse before,_? A is he B isnt C hasnt D has he4. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting.4. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting.5. She _(go) to Pairs, hasnt she? Yes.5. She _(go) to Pa

39、irs, hasnt she? Yes. How _ she _(go) there? How _ she _(go) there? She _(go) there by air. She _(go) there by air.6. So far, many countries _(develop) 6. So far, many countries _(develop) their software programs. their software programs.7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking last year.7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoki

40、ng last year.8._ you ever _(ride) a horse? Never.8._ you ever _(ride) a horse? Never.9.He _( keep) the book since two days ago.9.He _( keep) the book since two days ago.have readhave readhas gonehas gonediddidgogowentwenthave developedhave developedgavegaveHaveHaveriddenriddenhas kepthas kept訓(xùn)練：(A)用

41、already，yet或still填空。1. The old man is _ living.2. He wears that old coat _.3. I have not _ heard from him.4. Have your parents come back _?5. If he hasnt seen the film _ , I may give him a ticket.6. I have not heard the story_.7. He has _ turned on the light.8. They are _ here. stillstillyetyetyetye

42、talreadystillB) 試做下列練習(xí)（用試做下列練習(xí)（用for或或since填空）填空）1. He has lived in Nanjing _ two years ago.2. Ive known him _ we were children.3. Our teacher has studied Japanese _ three years.4. She has been away from the city _ about ten years.5. Its about ten years _ she left the city.sincesincesinceforfor 1. I

43、_(have) lunch already 2. Has the train_ (arrive), yet? 3.Tome _ never_ (be to ) China. 4. The twin _just _(see) my father. 5. The twins _(see) my father just now.have hadarrivedhasbeen tohasseensaw “從來(lái)不從來(lái)不” 用在否定句中用在否定句中,放在句中。放在句中。 Is he famous ?I have never heard of him .evernever“曾經(jīng)曾經(jīng)”通常用于疑問(wèn)句和通常用于疑

44、問(wèn)句和肯定句中肯定句中,放在句中。放在句中。 I have ever seen this film.Have you ever been to the USA ? “以前以前”用在完成時(shí)中，用在完成時(shí)中，放在句末。放在句末。have never read this kind of books before.justbefore“剛剛剛剛 ”用在陳述句中用在陳述句中,放在句中。放在句中。 I have just bought a novel。( )( )( )( )( )( )( )( )I have bought a new dictionary for a week. I have had

45、a new dictionary for a week.我買一本新詞典已有一星期了。我買一本新詞典已有一星期了。They have come here for two days.They have been here for two days.他們來(lái)這兒已經(jīng)兩天了。他們來(lái)這兒已經(jīng)兩天了。He has joined the League member for two years.He has been a League member for two years.他已入團(tuán)兩年了。他已入團(tuán)兩年了。The man has been dead for several years.The man has

46、died for several years.這個(gè)人已經(jīng)死了幾年了。這個(gè)人已經(jīng)死了幾年了。一般過(guò)去時(shí)還是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)？一般過(guò)去時(shí)還是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)？ 1 They _ (move) to the south in 1990 and _ (live) there since then. 2 Eric _ (leave) home last year and _ (just come) back. 3 Justin _ (be) away from home for several days. He_ (disappear) last Friday. 4 They _(buy) this house t

47、hree years ago and they _ (live) here since then. movedhave livedlefthas just comehas beendisappearedboughthave lived用所給動(dòng)詞的恰當(dāng)時(shí)態(tài)填空用所給動(dòng)詞的恰當(dāng)時(shí)態(tài)填空1. I already ( get) a letter from my uncle. 2 Simon (visit) Shanghai five years ago.3. Ben (live) in Beijing for two years.4.We (go) the the cinema last night.

48、5 you (find) your dictionary yet?6 Kitty (write) a letter yesterday.7 Tom (work) for a construction company since 2000. 8 A: where Alice (go)? I dont see her here. B: She (go) to library. She (go) five minutes ago. visitedhas livedwentHave foundwrotehas workedhasgonehas gonewenthavegot2 When I was a

49、t college I _ three foreignlanguages,but I _ all except a few words of each.A.spoke;had forgottenB.spoke;have forgottenC.had spoken;had forgottenD.had spoken;have forgotten“但都忘了但都忘了”是現(xiàn)在的情況，要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，是現(xiàn)在的情況，要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果!5 My dictionary _. I have 5 My dictionary _. I have looked for it everywhere lo

50、oked for it everywhere but still _ it.but still _ it. has lost; dont findhas lost; dont find is missing; dont findis missing; dont find has lost; havent foundhas lost; havent foundA.A.is missing; havent foundis missing; havent found現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) Present perfect構(gòu)成：構(gòu)成：1.肯定句肯定句現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句式是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句式是“have（

51、has）過(guò)去分詞）過(guò)去分詞”。 注意：該句式中的注意：該句式中的have或或has是助動(dòng)是助動(dòng)詞，詞，has用于第三人稱單數(shù)，其它人稱用于第三人稱單數(shù)，其它人稱一律用一律用have。定義：定義：表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成 1.直接加-ed。如：play-played 2.以字母e結(jié)尾的直接加d 。如：name-named 3.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的，變y為i加ed。如：carry-carried 4.重讀閉音節(jié)且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母再加-ed。如：stop-stopped分清與一般

52、過(guò)去時(shí)的用法分清與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的范圍，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的范圍，不能不能和表示過(guò)去和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如yesterday,last night,three weeks yesterday,last night,three weeks ago,in1990ago,in1990等等. .而一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀而一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系。態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系。eg- I have seen the film.eg- I have seen the film.eg- I saw the film last we

53、ek.eg- I saw the film last week.eg- He has lived here since 1993.eg- He has lived here since 1993.eg- He lived here in 1993.eg- He lived here in 1993.I have seen the film. I dont want to see it again.(2) Have you ever looked at a travel brochure?(3) I have never visited the USA.以上句子的以上句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有一個(gè)

54、共同的特點(diǎn)就有一個(gè)共同的特點(diǎn)就是是“have/has+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”, 用于表用于表示示在以前的某個(gè)時(shí)間曾經(jīng)做過(guò)的、發(fā)生的事在以前的某個(gè)時(shí)間曾經(jīng)做過(guò)的、發(fā)生的事情，這種行為對(duì)目前有某種影響，如情，這種行為對(duì)目前有某種影響，如(1); 還可以還可以表示到目前為止曾經(jīng)經(jīng)歷或沒(méi)經(jīng)歷表示到目前為止曾經(jīng)經(jīng)歷或沒(méi)經(jīng)歷的事情，如的事情，如(2)(3)。我們把這種時(shí)態(tài)稱為我們把這種時(shí)態(tài)稱為 “現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)”。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)這一時(shí)態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)是過(guò)去動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系,也就是強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在的影響和結(jié)果.have/has + 過(guò)去分詞

55、Daniel現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)2009 Senior I2009 Senior III：Usage:1。表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成。表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成 的影響或結(jié)果的影響或結(jié)果,例如例如 I have just cleaned my hands. 我剛洗過(guò)手。我剛洗過(guò)手。 （“洗手洗手”是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作， 對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是“手干凈了手干凈了”） I have just had my breakfast. (對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響：不餓對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響：不餓)通常使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的幾種情況：通常使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的幾種情況： 1 表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去對(duì)現(xiàn)在表

56、示發(fā)生在過(guò)去對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響仍有影響的動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。作。 We have already cleaned the classroom . The disappearance of Justin has made Kelly very unhappy. I have already read the book. The boy has come back. (4) 包括包括“現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。如：now,today,this morning/month/year/term等。 Have you met him this term? No,I havent. 2.帶有帶有since

57、或或for等表示等表示“一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間”的的狀語(yǔ)。狀語(yǔ)。 I havent seen my mother for two years and I miss her very much.4be的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。1）表示一種狀態(tài)，表示從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始持續(xù)）表示一種狀態(tài)，表示從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，要與表示一段的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。到現(xiàn)在，要與表示一段的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 例如：例如： There has been a factory near No. 14 Middle School for several years.十四中學(xué)附近有家工廠，已經(jīng)有幾年了。十四中學(xué)附近有家工廠，已經(jīng)有幾年了。

58、2）表示某人剛從某地回來(lái)。例如：）表示某人剛從某地回來(lái)。例如：Where have you been? I have been to the library.你到哪里去了？你到哪里去了？ 我到圖書館去了。我到圖書館去了。3）后加地點(diǎn)，表示某人曾經(jīng)到過(guò)某地。）后加地點(diǎn)，表示某人曾經(jīng)到過(guò)某地。 例如：例如：Have you ever been to West Hill Farm? 你曾經(jīng)到過(guò)西山農(nóng)場(chǎng)嗎？你曾經(jīng)到過(guò)西山農(nóng)場(chǎng)嗎？2. 否定句否定句：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句式是：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句式是 “havent（hasnt）過(guò)去分詞）過(guò)去分詞”。 3. 疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)句：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句式現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

59、的一般疑問(wèn)句式 是把助動(dòng)詞是把助動(dòng)詞have或或has提到主語(yǔ)之前提到主語(yǔ)之前。 回答用回答用Yes, have（has）. /No, havent（hasnt）.連用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：already, yet, ever, never, just, before, several times 等。等。Exercises： 1So far，she _ her holiday very much Ahas not enjoyed Bdid not enjoy Cdoesnt enjoy Dwas not enjoying 2John caught a cold on Saturday and

60、 _ in bed ever since Awas Bhas been Cis Dhave been 3All of those houses _ in the past ten years Awere built Bhad been built Chave been built Dhave built ABC4I _ to speak to you for these days Awant Bwanted Chad wanted Dhave wanted 5This is the first time that I _ really relaxed for months Ahad felt