高中作文進(jìn)階技巧

1、作文句子進(jìn)階寫(xiě)好作文的要點(diǎn)：1.認(rèn)真審題：確定作文格式、題材以及要點(diǎn)2.羅列要點(diǎn)，組詞成句：u 擴(kuò)寫(xiě)句子u 使用“高級(jí)詞匯”u 使用“高級(jí)句型”切忌滿篇華麗辭藻卻沒(méi)有深刻的立意3.謀句成篇：u 句與句、段與段之間的順暢銜接u 添加必要的從屬連詞和并列連詞第一部分 句子擴(kuò)寫(xiě)一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的句子，就像冬天的樹(shù)干，光禿禿的。為此我們要對(duì)我們寫(xiě)的句子進(jìn)行“改造”。1.把中文說(shuō)清楚。2.套句型：五大基本句型3.添修飾。u 如何在句子中添加修飾每個(gè)基本句型都是樹(shù)的樹(shù)干，分句就像樹(shù)的樹(shù)枝，而修飾用的定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)等就是這顆樹(shù)的綠葉。我們需要給句子增加樹(shù)枝和綠葉方法：抽象變具體盡力選擇表意明確的單詞，并適當(dāng)增添細(xì)節(jié)成分

2、。【例句1】我每天去學(xué)校。Igotoschool every day.Withthe sunrisingfromtheeast,I,togetherwithTomandJerry,ridetoschoolat6:00everymorning, laughing and talking.具體在哪里：畫(huà)面感：太陽(yáng)、我和誰(shuí)、怎么去、什么時(shí)候、什么狀態(tài)【例句2】我去車站買票。Iwenttothestationtobuythetickets.ItookthesubwaylineNo.2totheBeijingrailwaystationtobuytheticketstoBeidaihe.具體在哪里：如何

3、去，去哪里【例句3】Smith先生是一個(gè)好老師。MrSmithisagoodteacher.MrSmithisakind,patientandknowledgeableEnglishteacher.具體在哪里：什么樣的人，什么老師方法：“加葉”在一些名詞和動(dòng)詞上面加上修飾成分。名詞增添定語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)等；動(dòng)詞增添副詞。(1)名詞的修飾手段：l 在名詞后面加上一個(gè)同位語(yǔ)：形式：A，B，.其中，A=B，A是名詞或代詞，B是名詞或從句；以音樂(lè)劇音樂(lè)之聲中的歌詞為例：Doe, a deer, a female deerRay,adropoffallingsun.Me,anameIcallmyself.常用

4、的同位語(yǔ)技巧：將代詞具體化We_.Wehighschoolstudents.我們高中生.WeChinese.我們中國(guó)人.Weteenagers.我們青少年.WeChineseyounggeneration.我們中國(guó)年輕的一代.us_.us customers.us Chinese people.例句1.我們青少年應(yīng)該掌握英語(yǔ)這門世界上最廣泛使用的外語(yǔ)WeteenagersaresupposedtomasterEnglish,themostwidelyusedforeignlanguageintheworld.2.他們那些外國(guó)人對(duì)我們中國(guó)人評(píng)價(jià)很高(speak highly of)。Theyfo

5、reignersspeakhighlyofusChinesepeople.3.這家店為我們客戶提供了優(yōu)秀的服務(wù)。The shop provides excellent services to us customers.4.姚明是一位出色的籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)員，2011年從NBA退役。Yao Ming, an excellent basketball player, retired from NBA in 2002.l 在名詞前面加上一個(gè)或多個(gè)形容詞。You should understand your mother.Youshouldunderstandyourkind,dearandhard-work

6、ingmom.l 在名詞后面添加定語(yǔ)從句You should understand your mother.Youshouldunderstandyourmom,wholovesyoumostintheworld.l 在名詞前面或后面加上非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)The flying kite belongs to that boy who is running happily in the park.The broken cup is my fathers favourite cup bought in Jiangxi.I still have a lot of homework to do.（2）動(dòng)

7、詞的修飾手段l 在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢眉由细痹~(狀語(yǔ))句中可以位置通常包括：主語(yǔ)之前、賓語(yǔ)之后及“小狀語(yǔ)位置”（所謂“小狀語(yǔ)位置”是指“助系情之后，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前”）。主語(yǔ)之前：Everymorning,IreadEnglish.賓語(yǔ)之后：IreadEnglisheverymorning.小狀語(yǔ)位置：1.Youshoulddeeplyunderstandyourmom.2.Icandefinitelydoit.3.Idontreallyknowhim.常用副詞：always, never, even, ever, sometimes, usually, often, seldom, hardly, luc

8、kily, unluckily, surely, certainly, extremely, surprisingly(令人驚訝地), amazingly(令人驚訝地), badly, unexpectedly(出人意料地), unfortunately, fortunately.l 將幾個(gè)意思接近的動(dòng)詞并列使用Youshouldunderstandyourmom.Youshouldunderstand, loveandappreciateyourmom.Youshouldunderstandandloveyourmomaswellasappreciateeverythingshehasdon

9、eforyou.方法：“添枝”可以在句子前面或后面追加一個(gè)從句，既能使句型復(fù)雜化，又能有效完善句意。狀語(yǔ)從句/狀語(yǔ)(1)表“原因”because.for.as.since.now thatin case(萬(wàn)一)as a result of.due tothanks tobecause ofconsidering that.鑒于，考慮到seeing that.既然，因?yàn)?，鑒于例句1.ItgoeswithoutsayingthatyoushouldlearnEnglishwell, becauseitisstill amustinthefuturesociety.好詞好句Itgoeswithout

10、sayingthat.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)：(2)表“結(jié)果”so.sothat.如此.以至于suchthat.如此.以至于otherwise / or else否則asaresult, .因此，所以therefore, .因此，所以consequently, .因此，所以accordingly, .因此，所以【例句】1.YoushouldlearnEnglishwell,consequently,youcanachievegreatsuccessinthefuture.2.IhavelivedinEngland foroneandahalfyears,accordingly,IdowellinEnglis

11、hcommunication.3.Youareshy.-Youaresoshythatyouseldomchatwithothers.4.Tomrunsfast.-Tomrunssofastthatnoneofuscouldcatchupwithhim.5.Theflowerisbeautiful.-Theflowerissobeautifulthatwealllikeit.6.Tomisahumorousteacher.-Tomissohumorousateacherthatweoftenlaughinhisclass.(3)表“目的”., sothat.+句子., inorderthat.

12、+句子（可放句首）to+動(dòng)詞原形inorderto+動(dòng)詞原形（可放句首）soasto+動(dòng)詞原形【例句】1.Youshouldwear your mask,inorderthatyou wont be affected.2.Youshouldwear your maskinordernot tobe affected.3. Youshouldwear your maskso asnot tobe affected.3.IfIwereyou,Iwould wear my mask, sothat I wouldnt be affected.第二部分 如何避免寫(xiě)作中語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的“重復(fù)”？方法：用物做主

13、語(yǔ)（物稱主語(yǔ)）主語(yǔ)：句子的主角、句子描述的對(duì)象；謂語(yǔ)：描述主語(yǔ)的行為或特征；經(jīng)常使用I、You、We等人稱代詞做主語(yǔ)，會(huì)使文章顯得單調(diào)，不妨試試換用“物”來(lái)做主語(yǔ)，使句式更加靈活多變！常見(jiàn)的方法有以下三種：（一）賓語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)（常使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）注意：有些動(dòng)詞能用物做主語(yǔ)，而有些動(dòng)詞不行【例句】1. I like English.改：English is my favourite subject.My favourite subject is English.English attracts me.English interests me.English appeals to me.2. I hav

14、e been using the cell phone for a year.改：The cell phone has been used for a year.This cell phone has kept me company for a year.This cell phone has been serving me for a year. （二）謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變成動(dòng)名詞，作主語(yǔ)【例句】Firstly, youd better chat more with your classmates.改：Chatting more with your classmates is beneficial f

15、or you.Chatting more with your classmates will help you know others well.Chatting more with your classmates will help you make yourself known to all. （三）引入其他的名詞【例句】You should improve your communicating ability.改：Firstly, a computer could be used to communicate with others in order to improve your co

16、mmunicating ability. 方法：陳述變倒裝當(dāng)需要強(qiáng)調(diào)句子中的某些成分時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)或謂語(yǔ)的一部分（助系情）被提到了主語(yǔ)之前，這個(gè)就是倒裝。倒裝屬于英語(yǔ)中的特殊句式，包括“完全倒裝”和“不完全倒裝”兩種情況。（一）完全倒裝當(dāng)表示地點(diǎn)或方位的狀語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭時(shí)，句子變完全倒裝。如：公交車來(lái)了。Here comes the bus.上課鈴響了。There goes the bell.注意：當(dāng)其中的名詞用代詞代替時(shí)，主謂不倒裝 Here it comes. There it goes.（二）部分倒裝1 強(qiáng)調(diào)句子中的否定詞：第一步：把否定詞置于句首第二步：把助、系、情提到主語(yǔ)之前常見(jiàn)否定詞hardly

17、 ; at no time; by no means; little; few; never;【例句】1. I have never seen him before. 改：Never have I seen him before.2. I know few teachers in the school. 改：Few teachers do I know in the school.2 “only+狀語(yǔ)”置于句首一般用于以下四種句式：1. Only in this way can we do sth.2. Only then shall we do sth.3. Only when.(陳述句).

18、 can we do sth.4. Only if. can we do sth.【拓展】If only 如果.就好了（用虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示強(qiáng)烈的愿望）eg: If only we could spend more time together! If only we could meet each other earlier! If only we could enjoy ourselves in Beijing before long! If only we could spend the Spring holiday together in Jinan! If only you would ad

19、apt to the new environment before long!【萬(wàn)能結(jié)尾句】Only in this way can our society/family/life be filled with harmony and happiness.Only then shall we have the chance of achieving our dreams.【更多例句】1. You should understand your mom. 改：Only when you understand your mom can you really grow up.2. You should

20、 come to our school . 改：Only when you come to our school will you realize how enjoyable your school life could be.3. You should recite as many as 30 articles. 改：Only when you have recited as many as 30 articles can you master English. 3當(dāng)想要強(qiáng)調(diào)句子中的形容詞、副詞時(shí)的倒裝：句型：so+adj/adv+倒裝+that.【例句】Tom runs fast.改為結(jié)果

21、狀語(yǔ)從句：Tom runs so fast that none of us could catch up with him.第一步：adj前面加so第二步：adj后面加that第三步：that后面用一個(gè)句子寫(xiě)adj的程度改為倒裝句：So fast does Tom run that none of us could catch up with him.so 和adj / adv提前，并將助動(dòng)詞提到主語(yǔ)之前 【例句】1. You are shy.改：You are so shy that you seldom talk with others.改：So shy are you that you

22、seldom talk with others.2. Yao is tall.改：Yao is so tall that he can touch the ceiling.改：So tall is Yao that he can touch the ceiling.3. It is cold outside.改：It is so cold outside that we have to put on our coat.改：So cold is it outside that we have to put on our coat. 方法：普通變強(qiáng)調(diào)（一）強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的方法是：把助動(dòng)詞

23、從謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中提出來(lái)。我的確愛(ài)你。I do love you. 我的確愛(ài)過(guò)你。I did love you.（二）強(qiáng)調(diào)其他成分強(qiáng)調(diào)句中其他成分一般套用這樣的句式：It is/was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that/who +句子剩余部分。在進(jìn)行句式變換是只需要進(jìn)行兩遍“復(fù)制+粘貼”即可?！纠洹?. 我每天早上在戶外大聲朗讀英語(yǔ)。I read English loudly in the open air every morning.如何對(duì)句子中的成分進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)呢？方法：重復(fù)可省略（一）并列句中的省略：I go to school and (I) study English.but or as wel

24、l as 等并列連詞都具有這個(gè)性質(zhì)（二）狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略：“當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)一致，且從句中用到be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，同時(shí)省略從句的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞?！盬hen (I was) sleeping, I drew a map of China.When (I was) sleeping, I visited the Great wall.When (I was) in Beijing, I tasted Beijing roast duck.When (I was) young, I listened to the radio.常見(jiàn)的狀語(yǔ)從句省略1.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的省略由when，while，until

25、，after，before，since等引導(dǎo)，如：Fear is something innate that we actually rely on to keep us safe when(we are)faced with danger.When(the brain is)multitasking, the brain is concentrating on one task and then switching to the other,in sequence.2.條件狀語(yǔ)從句的省略由if，unless，once引導(dǎo)，如：If(these projects are)successful,

26、these projects have amazingly positive potential.Once opened,the museum will be very popular with the citizens.3.讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的省略由although，though，even if，even though，wherever，whenever，however等引導(dǎo)，如：Although(he was)the youngest in the group,Tom won all the prize.This viewpoint, however understandable(it is),

27、 is not practical.4.方式狀語(yǔ)從句由as，as if，as though引導(dǎo)，如：He did it as required.The girl looked as if afraid of nothing.5.比較狀語(yǔ)從句在比較狀語(yǔ)從句中，常在as和than引導(dǎo)的分句中省略某些與主句相同的成分，有時(shí)甚至省略整個(gè)as和than引導(dǎo)的從句，如：He can play basketball as well as I.解析：由as引導(dǎo)的比較狀語(yǔ)從句省略了do。You finished the work three weeks earlier than(you were)expecte

28、d.6.其他形式（1）在狀語(yǔ)從句中，從句主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)一致，有時(shí)候從句謂語(yǔ)沒(méi)有系動(dòng)詞，也可以省略，如：When comparing different cultures,we often pay attention only to the difference without noticing many similarities.解析：這里when comparing different cultures就是when we compare different cultures。（2）由if引導(dǎo)的習(xí)慣用法，常有：if not，if possible，if necessary等，如：Correct

29、 the mistake in your composition if any.解析：這里的if any相當(dāng)于if there is any。方法：用itit的三個(gè)句型（一）客觀評(píng)價(jià)句型：專門用來(lái)對(duì)一件事、一個(gè)行為或一個(gè)人做評(píng)價(jià)。It is+ adj./n+for sb+to do sth. 評(píng)價(jià)一件事或一個(gè)行為It is+ adj.+of sb+to do sth. 評(píng)價(jià)一個(gè)人【例句】It is beneficial for you to be more outgoing.It is wise of you to turn to the policeman for help.It is a

30、wise choice for you to be more outgoing.It is a requirement for us teenagers to respect our parents.（二）主觀評(píng)價(jià)句型：同樣專門用來(lái)對(duì)一件事、一個(gè)行為或一個(gè)人做評(píng)價(jià)。Sb think/find/regard/believe it + adj/n +for sb +to do sth.【例句】I make you happy. 主 謂 賓 補(bǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)I think (it is harmful for you to be so shy).I think it harmful

31、for you to be so shy.I think it vital/significant for us to master English.I think it stupid of you to go out in such a cold day.I think it stupid of you to say so.I think it a beneficial habit for you to read regularly. （三）“使”句型：碰到“使”字一般都能用上這個(gè)句型：sth make it +adj/n + for sb+to do 使.變成.【例句】1.良好的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境使

32、我們更容易集中注意力在學(xué)習(xí)上。A quiet, clean and comfortable environment makes it easier for us to concentrate on our study.2.驕傲使人落后Pride makes it hard for one to grow.第三部分 如何將繁瑣的復(fù)雜句“化繁為簡(jiǎn)”？方法：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞”是一種特殊的演員，除了謂語(yǔ)這個(gè)角色不能當(dāng)，什么角色都能當(dāng)。什么時(shí)候想到用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞？當(dāng)一個(gè)句子中用到多個(gè)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，除了主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞外，在沒(méi)有從句和并列句的情況下，其他動(dòng)詞要用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞！【例句】我看見(jiàn)一個(gè)騎自行車的人。I saw a man (riding a bike).其中