樓宇自動化第2章1樓宇供配電系統(tǒng)(英文)ppt課件

1、Chapter 2 Power supply and distribution system2.1 Introduction2.2 Typical system inside the building2.3 system diagram reading2.4 monitoring system2.5 Examples.Hydropower plant Thermal power plant Nuclear powerplant Larger userLarger userSubstation Power lineTransmission and distribution User User分配

2、distributing 產(chǎn)生Generating 傳輸transmitting2.1 IntroductionOthersPower supply system .110kV220kV500kV2.1 Introduction.2.1 Introduction110kV 50-150km220kV 200-400km500kV 500km.35kV10kV380V500kV2.1 Introduction.2.1 IntroductionAutomation in Power Distribution How does Power reach us? Bottlenecks in Power

3、 Reliability The Technology Development Mission Communication and Networking Remote Terminal Unit Remotely Operable Switch (ASIC) Application Specific Integrated Circuit DA software Distribution Network Simulator .10kV0.4kV110kV 10kV 10kV 110kV Power stationTransformerDistribution substations User 2

4、.1 Introduction.2.2 Typical system inside the building(a) One main + one spare single busMain Electrical Connection10kV BusS1S2Main Spare 主供備用a) Two inputs Single bus bar Save (area and finance ) Service interruption or blackout ( bus failure ) Building with low reliability requirement or low load.M

5、ain Electrical Connectionb) Two inputs Sectionalizing bus with tie switch Additional bus tie cabinet and voltage transformer cabinet High reliability Building with high reliability requirement or high load(b) Two inputs single bus with tie switch 10kV BusS1S2Main Spare 主 備 10kV BusS1S2Power1 Power2

6、Tie switch2.2 Typical system inside the building(a) One main + one spare.Two 10kV independent power inputs、self-supplied generator, Sectionalizing Single bus bar on low side。10kV busS1S2Power1 Power2 400V bus 10kV/400VtransformerSelf-providedgeneratoremergency Bus10kV bus(c) Two inputs with generato

7、r 2.2 Typical system inside the building.Generator operation diagram3S10S5min10minMains市電generatorgeneratorMain switchdisappearrestore Self-startstopMain switch shut down 自備發(fā)電機組要選擇有自啟動安裝的機組，市電停電后延時3s后開場啟動，啟動時間約10s，發(fā)電機主開關(guān)合閘供電，當(dāng)市電恢復(fù)后，機組延時約5分鐘帶載運轉(zhuǎn)，再空載冷卻運轉(zhuǎn)約10分鐘后自動停車。2.2 Typical system inside the buildin

8、g.兩路市電與自備電源 Fire liftFire protectionEmergency lightingHall lightinggeneratorMain I Main II EmergencybusUPScomputerImportant loadinterlockG 一級負荷單獨分組方案， 將消防用電等一級負荷單獨分出，并集中一段母線供電，備用發(fā)電機組僅對此段母線提供備用電源。2.2 Typical system inside the building. 正常情況，消防設(shè)備等用電設(shè)備為兩路市電同時供電，應(yīng)急母線電源由其中一路市電供應(yīng)。當(dāng)兩路市電失去一路，可以經(jīng)過兩路市電中間的聯(lián)絡(luò)開關(guān)

9、合閘恢復(fù)大部分供電，當(dāng)兩路市電全部失去時，自動啟動機組ATS開關(guān)轉(zhuǎn)換，應(yīng)急母線由機組供電，保證消防設(shè)備等重要負荷的供電。Fire liftFire protectionEmergency lightingHall lightinggeneratorMain I Main II EmergencybusUPScomputerImportant loadInter G2.2 Typical system inside the building. 對大廳照明等稍為重要的負荷，由于配電開關(guān)上裝有失壓脫扣器，在市電缺點時已全部分閘，然后可根據(jù)機組負荷情況手動合閘。例如此時無火災(zāi)可全部合閘，如一旦發(fā)生火災(zāi)

10、，那么根據(jù)消防發(fā)出的指令自動跳閘。方案適用于電網(wǎng)穩(wěn)定、大樓重要負荷較多的工程。Fire liftFire protectionEmergency lightingHall lightinggeneratorMain I Main II EmergencybusUPScomputerImportant loadinterlockG2.2 Typical system inside the building. ATS (Automatic transfer switching equipment) 自動轉(zhuǎn)換開關(guān)電器 ATS: safely switching from utility power

11、to emergency generator power主要用在緊急供電系統(tǒng) ATS: switching from a primary source to a secondary 將負載從一個電源自動換接至另一個備用電源 ATS: 經(jīng)常運用在重要用電場所，其產(chǎn)品可靠性尤為重要。2.2 Typical system inside the building. main supply380V/220V bus bar Transformer10kV/400V380V/220V spare difficult to get two inputs， 400V power supply nearby m

12、ain input 10kV， 400V spare small building ,low power consumption.(d) Two inputs ( main and spare )2.2 Typical system inside the building.進線柜計量柜維護柜互感器柜變壓器柜變壓器柜其他變電所電容器柜維護柜進線柜metering cabinet power incoming cabinet otherstationsProtectioncabinetVoltagetransformercabinettransformercabinetcapacitorcabin

13、etProtectioncabinetpower incoming cabinet .進線柜計量柜維護柜互感器柜變壓器柜變壓器柜其他變電所電容器柜維護柜進線柜metering cabinet power incoming cabinet otherstationsProtectioncabinetVoltagetransformercabinettransformercabinetcapacitorcabinetProtectioncabinetpower incoming cabinet 1 兩路10KV 進線 一路由市網(wǎng)供應(yīng)，電纜引入，裝有公用計量柜和進線開關(guān)2 另一電源為備用電源，架空引

14、入，由本企業(yè)引入。無計量柜,有進線維護柜。.進線柜計量柜維護柜互感器柜變壓器柜變壓器柜其他變電所電容器柜維護柜進線柜metering cabinet power incoming cabinet otherstationsProtectioncabinetVoltagetransformercabinettransformercabinetcapacitorcabinetProtectioncabinetpower incoming cabinet 3 Incoming line protection cabinet: 進線維護柜，當(dāng)變配電系統(tǒng)或母線出現(xiàn)短路和過載時斷路器自動跳閘。circui

15、t breaker operate automatically.進線柜計量柜維護柜互感器柜變壓器柜變壓器柜其他變電所電容器柜維護柜進線柜metering cabinet power incoming cabinet otherstationsProtectioncabinetVoltagetransformercabinettransformercabinetcapacitorcabinetProtectioncabinetpower incoming cabinet 4 Voltage transformer cabinet: metering and protection.進線柜計量柜維護

16、柜互感器柜變壓器柜變壓器柜其他變電所電容器柜維護柜進線柜metering cabinet power incoming cabinet otherstationsProtectioncabinetVoltagetransformercabinettransformercabinetcapacitorcabinetProtectioncabinetpower incoming cabinet 5 Power transformer: 兩臺10/0.4KV電力變壓器Y/Y0，由高壓斷路器進展高壓側(cè)短路維護和過載維護。.進線柜計量柜維護柜互感器柜變壓器柜變壓器柜其他變電所電容器柜維護柜進線柜mete

17、ring cabinet power incoming cabinet otherstationsProtectioncabinetVoltagetransformercabinettransformercabinetcapacitorcabinetProtectioncabinetpower incoming cabinet 6 High voltage output to other power station. 高壓引出線：去往其他變電所或桿上變壓器，也是由高壓斷路器進展短路和過載維護。.進線柜計量柜維護柜互感器柜變壓器柜變壓器柜其他變電所電容器柜維護柜進線柜metering cabin

18、et power incoming cabinet otherstationsProtectioncabinetVoltagetransformercabinettransformercabinetcapacitorcabinetProtectioncabinetpower incoming cabinet 7 Capacitor cabinet: reactive power compensation. 電容器柜：在高壓側(cè)進展無功功率補償，將本系統(tǒng)的功率因數(shù)提高到電業(yè)部門所規(guī)定的數(shù)值。普通在0.95左右。power supply bureau.B1B22 Two inputs Section

19、alizing with tie switch1 low voltage bus4 Power feeder panel 3 Capacitor compensation cabinet 5 Lighting feeder panel 2.2 Typical system inside the building.2.3 Diagram reading ()1 Diagram type 系統(tǒng)圖？什么系統(tǒng)圖？ 當(dāng)拿到一張圖紙時,假設(shè)看到有母線,就是變配電所的主電路圖。然后看能否有電力變壓器，假設(shè)有電力變壓器就是變電所主電路圖，假設(shè)沒有那么是配電所的主電路圖。2 single wire diagra

20、m元件技術(shù)數(shù)據(jù)采用兩種方式表示：Datasheet1標注在圖形符號的旁邊 如變壓器、發(fā)電機等2以表格方式給出如開關(guān)設(shè)備等Transformation station 變電所Distribution Station 配電所.4 Analysis methods 圖的分析方法從電源進線開場，按照電能流動的方向進展。Bus 母線 Main wiring diagram主接線圖Cabinet Type 配電屏型號Serial number編號3 Construction 圖的構(gòu)成2.3 Diagram reading ().5 Incoming lines電源進線 兩路進線1采用LJ-325mm23根

21、25mm2的鋁絞線，架空引入，經(jīng)過負荷開關(guān)QLFN3-10/30-50R、熔斷器FURW4-10-50/30A送入主變壓器SL7-315kVA，10/0.4kV，將10kV的電壓變換為0.4kV的電壓送入3號配電屏，然后進到母線上。2備用發(fā)電機經(jīng)QF低壓斷路器和QS刀開關(guān)進入2號配電屏，之后到母線2.3 Diagram reading ().Circuit breaker: 低壓斷路器對發(fā)動機進展過流維護.Knife switch: 刀開關(guān)起隔離帶電母線作用，便于檢修發(fā)動機出線的自動空氣斷路器。5 Incoming lines電源進線 兩路進線1采用LJ-325mm23根25mm2的鋁絞線，架

22、空引入，經(jīng)過負荷開關(guān)QLFN3-10/30-50R、熔斷器FURW4-10-50/30A送入主變壓器SL7-315kVA，10/0.4kV，將10kV的電壓變換為0.4kV的電壓送入3號配電屏，然后進到母線上。2備用發(fā)電機經(jīng)QF低壓斷路器和QS刀開關(guān)進入2號配電屏，之后到母線2.3 Diagram reading ().Distribution cabinet 第3號配電屏 Type ：BSL-11-01 低壓配電屏用于電源進線。 有兩個刀開關(guān)都起隔離作用，一個隔離變壓器供電，一個隔離母線，防止備用發(fā)動機供電，便于檢修低壓斷路器 有一個萬能型低壓斷路器 型號為DW10，額定電流為600A，電磁脫扣器的動作整定電流為800A，能對變壓器進展過電流維護Operation sequence: 配電屏操作順序：斷電時：先斷開斷路器，后斷開隔離刀開關(guān)送電時：先合刀開關(guān)，后合斷路器2.3 Diagram reading ().Transformer protection 變壓器維護 lightning rod 避雷器 型號：FS-10型 維護變壓器，防止雷電襲擊。 在變壓器高壓側(cè)進線端安裝了一組共3個2.3 Diagram reading ().8 Main electrical connection 主結(jié)線 分段 單母線 隔離刀開關(guān)聯(lián)絡(luò) Ra