專題03 被動(dòng)語態(tài)-2021-2022年暑假新九年級精品培優(yōu)課程（人教版）(解析版)

1、2021-2022九年級英語【暑期預(yù)習(xí)培優(yōu)】專題03被動(dòng)語態(tài)（解析版）0【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】.掌握各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)用法.掌握主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的方法.掌握被動(dòng)語態(tài)中主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的特殊情況及注意點(diǎn)【語法聚焦】被動(dòng)語態(tài)英語動(dòng)詞有主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)兩種語態(tài)。主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，又叫施動(dòng)者；被 動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者，又叫受動(dòng)者。區(qū)分主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)，主要看主語是執(zhí) 行者還是承受者。如：The flowers and glass should be watered .(被動(dòng)語態(tài))We should water the flowers and grass .(主動(dòng)語態(tài)) 一、構(gòu)成L被動(dòng)語態(tài)是由“be

2、 +過去分詞”構(gòu)成的，其中be有時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化。Tom broke the cup .(主動(dòng)語態(tài))The cup was broken by Tom .(被動(dòng)語態(tài)).被動(dòng)語態(tài)有以下8種：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：be(am/is are) +過去分詞 Trees are planted in spring .一般過去時(shí)：be(was / were) + 過去分詞 The house was built last year .一般將來時(shí)：will be + 過去分詞Lei Feng will be remembered by us forever .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：be(am /is are) + bein

3、g + 過去分詞The car is being repaired .過去進(jìn)行時(shí):be(was / were) + being +過去分詞The flowers were being watered by Tom at that time.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have / has + been + 過去分詞The light has been tumed vff .含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be +過去分詞My homework can be行nished in two hours .被動(dòng)語態(tài)常用于以下場合: 不知道或沒有必要說明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰時(shí)。A. are planted B. were pla

4、nted C. plantD. planted【答案】A【解析】句意：每年春天我們城市都種了很多樹?？疾橐话悻F(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。主語A lot of trees是動(dòng)作plant的承受者，根據(jù)“every year”可 知，是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，其構(gòu)成是am/is/are done。應(yīng)選A。This poem by Li Bai in the ancient time, but now we still like it so much.A. writeB. wroteC. is writtenD. was written【答案】D【解析】句意：這首詩是古代的李白寫的，但現(xiàn)在我們?nèi)匀缓芟矚g它。考查

5、一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間“in the ancient time”可知此句時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)，主 語“This poem”和謂語動(dòng)詞“寫”是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，可知此句是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，因此此句是一般過去時(shí) 的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，應(yīng)選D。- Where will the 2022 Winter Olympics, Cindy?-In Beijing, the capital of China, the first city to host both Summer and Winter Olympics.A. be taken placeB. take placeC. take partD. be taken par

6、t【答案】B【解析】句意：2022年冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)將在哪里舉行，辛迪?北京，中國的首都，第一個(gè)同時(shí)舉 辦夏季和冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)的城市?？疾閯?dòng)詞語態(tài)辨析。take part in參加；take place舉行/發(fā)生，沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。根據(jù)句意語 境，可知take place符合句意，需用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義，應(yīng)選B。一The old people should.一Yes, I totally agree what you said.A , take good care of; onB. be taken good care; onC. be taken good care of; withD. take goo

7、d care of; with【答案】C【解析】句意：老年人應(yīng)該得到很好的照顧。是的，我完全同意你說的?？疾槎陶Z，take good care o中照顧好；好好照看”，觀察句子，這里主語“The old people”與 謂語動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系應(yīng)該是：老人應(yīng)該被照顧，可知這里應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。agree with”同 意，和意見一致，agree on對取得一致意見”。結(jié)合語境可知，應(yīng)選C。二、完成句子They held a meeting yesterday.（改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)）A meeting by them yesterday.【答案】was held【解析】句意：他們昨天開了個(gè)會(huì)。由主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被

8、動(dòng)語態(tài)。原句是一般過去時(shí)，應(yīng)變?yōu)橐话氵^去 時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，構(gòu)成形式為：was/were done；主語“A meeting”是第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故助 動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用was, hold的過去分詞是heldo故填was； held。More and more people speak English in the world.（改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)）English by more and more people in the world.【答案】is spoken【解析】句意：世界上越來越多的人說英語。第二句主語English是動(dòng)詞speak的承受者，需用be done被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)；句子是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，Englis

9、h是單數(shù)第三人稱，可知系詞用is,故填 is; spoken oThe worker cut down the trees in the forest last year.（變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)）The trees in the forest down by the worker last year.【答案】were cut【解析】句意：去年那個(gè)工人把森林里的樹都砍倒了。根據(jù)題干，可知原句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)， 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成was/were+過去分詞；主語trees是名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故用were； cut的過去分詞 還是 cut,故填 were； cut。John read a story to his d

10、aughter.（變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)）A story to his daughter by John.【答案】was read【解析】句意：約翰給他的女兒讀了一個(gè)故事。考查主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)。原句是一般過去時(shí)，所 以改為一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為was/were done；改寫的句子主語“A story一個(gè)故 事”是單數(shù)，所以be動(dòng)詞用was, read的過去分詞是read。故填was； readoJane writes to her parents every month,（改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)）Janes parents to every month.【答案】are written【解析】句意：簡每

11、個(gè)月給她的父母寫信。根據(jù)句意理解及句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，句中用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)也用一般 現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)，結(jié)構(gòu)是am/is/are+過去分詞，而轉(zhuǎn)換的句子主語是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，所以這里應(yīng) 該用are,故答案為are writteno【點(diǎn)睛】英語中主動(dòng)句變成被動(dòng)句時(shí)要注意步驟。首先要根據(jù)原句的動(dòng)詞來確定句子時(shí)態(tài)，然后再 確定相對應(yīng)的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，但是還要注意需要轉(zhuǎn)換的句子的主語，然后判斷其被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng) 詞用什么形式。比方此題確定用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)后，還要根據(jù)句子主語判斷這里的 be動(dòng)詞形式，此題主語是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，所以be動(dòng)詞選擇用are。【過關(guān)檢測】【參考答案】一.單項(xiàng)選擇.【答案】B【解析】句

12、意：為了使我們的家鄉(xiāng)更美麗，城市周圍每年都種植樹木?？疾橐话悻F(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。主語trees是動(dòng)作plant的承受者，應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，根據(jù) “every year”可知，時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以此處選擇一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。應(yīng)選B。.【答案】D【解析】句意：兩天前我買了一塊漂亮的手表，它是送給我爺爺70歲生日的禮物。考查一般過去時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)。it指代前文的“abeautiftil watch”，主語it與謂語動(dòng)詞“give”之間 是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，時(shí)間狀語“two days ago”是一般過去時(shí)標(biāo)志詞，故此空應(yīng)填一般過去時(shí)被動(dòng)語 態(tài)was/were done的結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)選D。.【答案】D【解析】句意：好消

13、息！明年將建造一座新橋?？疾楦袊@句和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。news“消息”為不可數(shù)名詞，不能用冠詞“屋，所以用“what+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞結(jié)構(gòu),故排除B、C；根據(jù)“next year”,可知時(shí)態(tài)為一般將來時(shí),主語 “bridge”和“built”為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)“w川be done”，應(yīng)選D。.【答案】C【解析】句意：西游記寫于400多年前，但至今仍很流行?？疾橐话氵^去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。根據(jù)over 400 years ago”可知此句時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)，根據(jù)句 意可知主語“Journey to the West”和謂語動(dòng)詞“寫”是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，可知此句語態(tài)為被動(dòng)語態(tài)。應(yīng)選Co.【答案】A【

14、解析】句意:這些年，捷豹(Jaguar)汽車在中國的銷量并不好，因?yàn)樵撈放圃?008年被賣給了 一家印度公司，而中國人并不了解這一點(diǎn)?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語these years可知，此處是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，主語是復(fù)數(shù)，含有 實(shí)意動(dòng)詞sell“賣；可知變成否認(rèn)句要借助助動(dòng)詞do加not；排除BD；根據(jù)語境可知，捷 豹(Jaguar)汽車被賣給一家印度公司，用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語in 2008可知是一般過 去時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，排除C。應(yīng)選A。.【答案】D【解析】句意：這雙鞋是媽媽做的，穿起來很舒服。考查一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)和動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。be made with用制作的/和一起制作的；

15、be made from由制成；be made by由某人制成的。this pair of shoes表示這雙鞋，作主語時(shí)謂語用單數(shù)，根據(jù)空后的Mom可知是由媽媽做的，故第一個(gè)空用 was made by；第二個(gè)空表示穿起來很舒服，feel系動(dòng)詞，用主動(dòng)語態(tài)表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義。應(yīng)選Do.【答案】C【解析】句意：明年一些新的地鐵將在我們城市被建。考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)next year”可知句子是一般將來時(shí)態(tài)；主語subways和動(dòng)詞 “建造”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，用will be built。應(yīng)選C?！军c(diǎn)睛】句子的謂語動(dòng)詞不僅要考慮時(shí)態(tài)，也要考慮語態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語可以判斷出時(shí)間是現(xiàn)在、 過

16、去或是將來；根據(jù)主語與謂語動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系可以判斷出是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)。此句“nextyear 是一般將來時(shí)的標(biāo)志，地鐵與建造是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，綜合起來是一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，所以 答案為 will be builto.【答案】A【解析】句意：我爺爺小時(shí)候被迫無償清掃街道?？疾楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)。根據(jù)句中Without pay提示，可推斷爺爺小時(shí)候清掃街道不是主動(dòng)的，故應(yīng) 用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。make sb. do sth.意為“使某人做某事，其中make后面的不定式短語要省略 to,但是變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)口寸，不定式短語要帶to,即be made to do sth應(yīng)選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】make用作使役動(dòng)詞時(shí)意為“使、讓”，可用于“ma

17、ke +賓語+ do sth.（不帶to的不定式）”結(jié) 構(gòu)，意為“使某人做某事:在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中，此類結(jié)構(gòu)中被省略的t。要還原。例如： Every day I am made to have an egg and some milk.我每天不得不吃一個(gè)雞蛋，喝一些牛奶。.【答案】C【解析】句意：辛迪，2022年冬奧會(huì)將在哪里舉行？ 北京，中國的首都，第一個(gè)舉辦過夏 季奧運(yùn)會(huì)和冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)的城市?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。take place發(fā)生，舉行，沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)；take part參與，參加； 根據(jù)Where will the 2022 Winter Olympics., Cindy?”及結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可

18、知,此處使用 take place,表示“舉行”符合語境；take place沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)，需用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。助動(dòng) 詞will之后，用動(dòng)詞原形。應(yīng)選C。.【答案】D【解析】考查情景交際和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。“你昨天買的那支筆怎樣？ ”“很好寫，我很喜歡它。”表示事物 本身的屬性時(shí)，不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，而應(yīng)該用主動(dòng)形式。筆很好寫，是筆本身的屬性故用主 動(dòng)；排除A、Bo對話情景發(fā)生在現(xiàn)在，故用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。類似的主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)的詞還有，sell well“好賣”；wash well好洗”等。應(yīng)選D。二.完成句子.【答案】is cleaned【解析】句意：我們每天清掃教室。根據(jù)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)“be+過去分詞”和ev

19、ery day”可知是一般現(xiàn) 在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，主語The classroom,所以用is；故填is； cleanedo.【答案】is spoken【解析】句意：世界上越來越多的人說英語。第二句主語English是動(dòng)詞speak的承受者，需用be done被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)；句子是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，English是單數(shù)第三人稱，可知系詞用is,故填 is; spoken o.【答案】were cut【解析】句意：去年那個(gè)工人把森林里的樹都砍倒了。根據(jù)題干，可知原句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)， 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成was/were+過去分詞；主語trees是名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故用were； cut的過去分詞 還是 cut,故填 w

20、ere； cut。.【答案】was read【解析】【詳解】句意：約翰給他的女兒讀了一個(gè)故事?？疾橹鲃?dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)。原句是一般過去時(shí)，所 以改為一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為was/were done；改寫的句子主語“A story一個(gè)故 事是單數(shù)，所以be動(dòng)詞用was, read的過去分詞是read。故填was； read。.【答案】are written【解析】句意：簡每個(gè)月給她的父母寫信。根據(jù)句意理解及句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，句中用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)也用一般 現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)，結(jié)構(gòu)是am/is/are+過去分詞，而轉(zhuǎn)換的句子主語是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，所以這里應(yīng) 該用are,故答案為are w

21、ritteno【點(diǎn)睛】英語中主動(dòng)句變成被動(dòng)句時(shí)要注意步驟。首先要根據(jù)原句的動(dòng)詞來確定句子時(shí)態(tài)，然后再 確定相對應(yīng)的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，但是還要注意需要轉(zhuǎn)換的句子的主語，然后判斷其被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng) 詞用什么形式。比方此題確定用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)后，還要根據(jù)句子主語判斷這里的 be動(dòng)詞形式，此題主語是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，所以be動(dòng)詞選擇用are。如：My bike was stolen yesterday ,我的自行車昨天被偷了。強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，使用“by+動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者:如：The pen was used by my father .這支鋼筆是我父親用過的。X只有及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)形式，不及物動(dòng)詞如rise/com

22、e/go/take/place/happen等，沒 有被動(dòng)形式。二、主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)通常遵循以下三個(gè)步驟：.把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語。.把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榕c其時(shí)態(tài)相對應(yīng)的被動(dòng)形式，且與被動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語保持人稱 和數(shù)的一致。.將主動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語變?yōu)榻樵~by的賓語，置于句末?！癰y+賓語”在句中常省略。主動(dòng)語態(tài)：Many peoplespeakEnglish .這里還需要連線！被動(dòng)語態(tài):English .is spoken by many people.如：Lu Xun wrote this book .This book was written by Lu Xun .這本書是魯迅寫

23、的。People are cutting down many trees now . f Many trees are being cut down now.現(xiàn)在許多 樹正被砍伐。三、主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換.雙賓語的被動(dòng)形式雙賓語的句子在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，有兩種變法： 如果把指人的間接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，那么指物的直接賓語保存不動(dòng)。如： His teacher gave him a book . f He was given a book by his teacher .He has bought me a present .f I have been bought a present.如果要將指物

24、的直接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，那么動(dòng)詞后要用介詞to/for,這個(gè)介詞是由與其搭 配的動(dòng)詞決定的。如： His teacher gave him a book . f A book was given to him by his teacher .He has bought me a present .f A present has been bought for me .派 常見的能接雙賓語的動(dòng)詞有g(shù)ive / show / bring / lend / send等，這些詞與介詞to搭配； buy / make / draw等，這些詞與介詞for搭配。.動(dòng)詞短語的被動(dòng)語態(tài)許多不及物動(dòng)詞加上介詞或副詞后

25、構(gòu)成的短語動(dòng)詞相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，是一個(gè)不可分割的 整體，在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)不能把短語動(dòng)詞分開，也不能漏掉短語動(dòng)詞中的介詞或副詞。如：We should speak to old men politely . f Old men should be spoken to politely .He always takes care of his sister . f His sister is always taken care of (by him).She turned off the radio .f The radio was turned off (by her).省略的to動(dòng)詞不定式用于被

26、動(dòng)語態(tài)在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中，一些表示感官或使役的動(dòng)詞，如hear / watch / see / feel / notice / listen to / look at / let /make / have和help等后面的賓語補(bǔ)足語是不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式，但句子 在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)后要加to。如：He made the girl stay at home . The girl was made to stay at home .We often hear her sing in the room . f She is often heard to sing in the room .3) The bos

27、s made them work for 16 hours a day . f They were made to work for 16 hours a day(by the boss).主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義動(dòng)詞need, want以及短語be (well) worth等后面常接動(dòng)名詞，以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意 義。如：The room needs cleaning .這房子需要清掃。The piece of music is worth listening to .這首曲子值得聽。某些表示主語質(zhì)地、自身特征的動(dòng)詞，如write/wash/sell/clean/cook等，常和副詞well 或ea

28、sily連用，用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。如：The cloth washes easily .這種布容易洗。The pen writes well .這支筆很好用。發(fā)生與所屬，如：take place/happen/belong toGreat changes have taken place in the past few years.感官動(dòng)詞，如：smell/feel/look/sound/tasteThe cake tastes delicious.I ABCD I7I【考點(diǎn)剖析】考點(diǎn)i、各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)用法一Oh, your room is too dirty, Anna!一Sorry

29、, Mum. It yesterday. I forgot to do it.A. didn9t clean B. isnt cleaned C. wasnt cleaning D. wasn9t cleaned【答案】D【解析】句意：安娜，你的房間太臟了！ 很抱歉，媽媽，昨天我沒清理房間。我忘記清理 了?？疾閯?dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)yesterday”可知句子是一般過去時(shí)，主語it”指的是房間，和 動(dòng)詞“清理”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表達(dá)“沒有被清理”，用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)“wasift cleaned”。應(yīng)選 D。The theatre in September next year.A. comp

30、letesB. is completed C. will complete D. will be completed【答案】D【解析】句意：劇院將于明年9月完工。考查一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。主語是動(dòng)作的承受者，結(jié)合“nextyear”可知，用一般將來時(shí) 的被動(dòng)語態(tài)(will be done)o應(yīng)選DoMr. Wu asks us to hand in our reports when they tomorrow.A. finishB. will finishC. are finished D. will be finished【答案】C【解析】句意：吳先生要求我們明天完成報(bào)告后交上來?？疾楸粍?dòng)語

31、態(tài)。根據(jù)when they.tomorrow.”可知，when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句使用一般現(xiàn) 在時(shí)表示將來，they指代“reports”，與動(dòng)詞finish為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語 態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)為be done,主語為名詞復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞為are。應(yīng)選C。How many Chinese astronauts into space since 2003?A. were sentB. sentC. have been sent D. have sent【答案】C【解析】句意：自從2003年以來有多少中國宇航員被送往太空了？考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)since 2003”可知，時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語

32、“Chinese astronauts”與 謂語動(dòng)詞send”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)have/has been done。應(yīng)選Co. 一Do you know where Kate is?一She to Kangkangs birthday party. But Im not sure.A. may inviteB. is invitedC. may be invitedD. must be invited【答案】C【解析】句意：你知道凱特在哪里嗎？ 她可能會(huì)被邀請參加康康的生日聚會(huì)。但我不確 定。考查含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。主語She是動(dòng)作的承受者，此處應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，結(jié)合“B

33、ut m not sure.”可知，不確定，所以是推測，應(yīng)選C。考點(diǎn)2、主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的方法We don*t allow making noise in the library.（改為同義句）Making noise in the library.【答案】isnt allowed【解析】句意：我們不允許在圖書館里制造噪音。改寫后句子的主語“Making noise”是原句的賓語， 故改寫的句子應(yīng)是被動(dòng)語態(tài)；結(jié)合原句時(shí)態(tài)和句意，改寫的句子應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語 態(tài)的否認(rèn)句，構(gòu)成形式為：be not+done；主語“Making noise”是第三人稱單數(shù)形式，助動(dòng)詞 用is,否認(rèn)形式為isn

34、t；動(dòng)詞allow的過去分詞是allowedo故填isnt； allowedoThey held a meeting yesterday.（改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)）A meeting by them yesterday.【答案】was held【解析】句意：他們昨天開了個(gè)會(huì)。由主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)。原句是一般過去時(shí)，應(yīng)變?yōu)橐话氵^去 時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，構(gòu)成形式為：was/were done；主語“A meeting”是第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故助 動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用was, hold的過去分詞是heldo故填was； heldo考點(diǎn)3、被動(dòng)語態(tài)中主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的特殊情況及注意點(diǎn)I often hear the teacher sp

35、eak to his students patiently.（改為同義句）The teacher is often speak to his students patiently.【答案】heard to【解析】句意：我經(jīng)常聽見老師耐心地跟學(xué)生們說話。The teacher作主語時(shí)，句意為“老師經(jīng)常被聽 到耐心地跟學(xué)生們說話，be heard to do sth表示“被聽見做某事”。故填heard； to。He always makes his little sister cry.（改為同義句）His little sister is always made by him.【答案】to cry

36、【解析】觀察兩個(gè)句子，空格所在句的主語（his little sister）和謂語動(dòng)詞（made）是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，使 役動(dòng)詞make的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)是make sb. do sth.但是在被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中需要還原to,由句中的is以 及made,不難想出be made to do stho故空格上應(yīng)該填to cryo故答案為to; cryo一Do you have Liu Cixins latest books?Sorry, they. But well get some more next week because they.A. sell out; sell wellC. sell out; are so

37、ld wellare sold out; sell wellD. are sold out; are sold well【答案】B【解析】句意： 你們有劉慈欣的新書嗎？抱歉，它們賣光了。但是下周我們會(huì)多買一些， 因?yàn)樗鼈冑u得很好?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語以及語態(tài)。sell out售罄；sell well賣得好。主語they與動(dòng)詞短語sell out之間 是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故第一空應(yīng)填被動(dòng)語態(tài)be done的結(jié)構(gòu)。sell well無被動(dòng)語態(tài)，應(yīng)選B。義【即學(xué)即練】一、單項(xiàng)選擇The tea in Yunnan is so famous that it to places across the world eve

38、ry day.A. sendsB. sentC. is sentD. will be sent【答案】C【解析】句意：云南的茶葉非常有名，每天都被送到世界各地?？疾楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)。分析句子可知，主語it和謂語send“發(fā)送”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)“every day”可知此處用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)am/is/are done。應(yīng)選CoMany more libraries in our city in the next five years.A. builtB. are builtC. were builtD. will be built【答案】D【解析】句意：在未來五年內(nèi)，我們城市將建更多的圖書館。

39、考查一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。根據(jù)in the next five years”可知，此題是一般將來時(shí)；主語 “Many more libraries”和謂語build”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此此題用一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)， 結(jié)構(gòu)是“will be done”。應(yīng)選Do. This pair of trousers cotton. And it very comfortable.A. is made with; is felt B. are made from; is felt C. are made of; feels D. is made of; feels 【答案】D【解析】句意：這條褲子是棉的。

40、而且感覺很舒服?？疾橹髦^一致和動(dòng)詞語態(tài)。句子主語是“This pair of trousers,謂語的數(shù)與“pai尸保持一致, 用單數(shù)，排除B和C； feel是系動(dòng)詞，無被動(dòng)語態(tài)，排除A。應(yīng)選D。I think students shouldto do homework with others9 help.A. allowedB. be allowed C. allowD. be allowing【答案】B【解析】句意：我認(rèn)為學(xué)生們應(yīng)當(dāng)被允許在他人的幫助下做家庭作也?？疾楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)。根據(jù)I think students should.to do homework with others help

41、.可知，學(xué)生 們應(yīng)當(dāng)被允許在他人的幫助下做家庭作業(yè)，因此用be allowed to do sth.,意為“被允許做某 事”,是allow sb to do sth.的被動(dòng)形式。應(yīng)選B。. I will go to the party if I.A. will inviteB. was invited C. am invitedD. will be invited【答案】C【解析】句意：如果我受到邀請，我將去參加晚會(huì)?？疾橐话悻F(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，主句用的是將來時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn) 在時(shí)；主語力”與動(dòng)詞“invite”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。應(yīng)選CoTh

42、ey say this kind of fruit good and well.A. tastes; is soldB. is tasted; sellsC. tastes; sellsD. is tasted; is sold【答案】C【解析】sell沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)，taste也沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)，又根據(jù)主語可知答案為CThe China-Russia cross-river railway bridge on August 17th, 2021.A. finishedB. is finishedC. was finishedD. was finishing【答案】C【解析】句意：中俄跨江鐵路橋于2

43、021年8月17日竣工?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)語境，題干主語“railway bridge”和其謂語“finish”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且題干時(shí)間狀語“on August 17th, 2021”說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，因此設(shè)空處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)態(tài) 的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，即was finished符合語境。應(yīng)選C。The School Art Festival next month.A. is heldB. will be held C. holdD. has held【答案】B【解析】句意：學(xué)校藝術(shù)節(jié)將于下月舉行?？疾橐话銓頃r(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。分析句意可知，主語和動(dòng)詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語 態(tài)；結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語“ne

44、xt month”可知，應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，構(gòu)成形式為：will be done, hold的過去分詞是held。應(yīng)選B。The trees by the students in the past 10 days.A. has plantedB. have been planted C. plantD. have planted【答案】B【解析】句意：這些樹是學(xué)生們在過去10天里種下的?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。由“in the past 10 days.”可知本句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，“The trees”與“the students”的關(guān)系為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，即“樹被學(xué)生種植。含有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成為

45、have/has been done by +動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者，結(jié)合主語為復(fù)數(shù)。應(yīng)選B。Dont put off todays work till tomorrow. I mean, todays work today.A. must be do B. must be done C. must doD. must done【答案】B【解析】句意：不要把今天的工作拖到明天。我的意思是，今天的工作必須在今天完成。考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。分析句子可知，主語work與動(dòng)詞do之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，且 這里表示的是“must必須”，應(yīng)用含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+bedone,應(yīng)選B。I want to buy that kind of cloth because I the cloth well.A. have told; washedB. have been told; washesC. have been told; washedD. was told; wash