八年級英語下冊Unit9《Haveyoueverbeentoamuseum》(講)(含解析)(新版)人教新目標版

1、Have you ever been to a museum一、教材分析本單元圍繞過去的經(jīng)歷學(xué)習(xí)使用現(xiàn)在完成時。通過學(xué)生喜聞樂見的一些娛樂場所的描述，反復(fù)運用have you everbeen to,Ive never been to句型來激發(fā)他們使用本單元所學(xué)單詞的興趣。通過一系列的活動，來加深他們對現(xiàn)在完成時的理解，明白英漢兩種表達在結(jié)構(gòu)及表達方式上的異同點。二、重、難點知識點提示重點：掌握本單元的目標語言have you ever been to?/ I ve never been to難點：比較現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時態(tài)的差異。三、重點知識點講解：考點（一）詞語辨析.how 構(gòu)成的疑問短

2、語辨析1. How long表示“時間多久或物體多長”.表示時間側(cè)重指“一段時間” . 針對“Howlong ” 的回答一般是時間段, 如 “for three days”,“three years”“About twoweeks”3. How often表示“多少時間一次或每隔多久”. 是就做某事的頻率提問。針對Howoften的回答一般是“Twice a year ”.“Three times a week”.3. How soon表示“多久之后” . 側(cè)重某人某事能多快時間完成. How soon的回答一般為:“ in + 時間段” e.g. “ in two days ” “in fi

3、ve years ”4 How far 表示“多遠” How far is it?how many 主要用來提問可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量how much 主要用來提問錢數(shù)或者提問不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量。如： How much is the book? -It s five yuan.How much mike do you want? Only one bag.7. how old用來提問年齡。如：How old are you ? -Im twelve years old.【典型例題 1】 1.apples do you want to buy? Ten, please. Andare they?A. Ho

4、w much ; how muchB. How many ; how manyC. How many ; how muchD. How much ; how many1/11【答案】 C【解析】試題分析：句意：你想買多少蘋果？十個。它們多錢？How many +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，提問數(shù)量; how much+ 不可數(shù)名詞，提問數(shù)量；還可以提問價錢。結(jié)合句意，故選C考點：考查疑問詞的用法。2. _is a boat ticket for children?How old is your child? Its free for kids under three years old.A. How lon

5、gB. How muchC. How oftenD. How soon【答案】 B【解析】考點：疑問詞辨析3. _ is it from Wuxi to Sanya and how much does it _ to flythere?A. How long； takeB. How far； costC. How soon ； spendD. How far； take【答案】 B【解析】試題分析：句意：從無錫到三亞有多遠？飛到哪要花費多少錢？根據(jù)語境可知第一個空是提問距離故用 How far 提問；根據(jù)固定句型It takes to do表示花費時間去做某事。結(jié)合句意，故選 B考點：考查疑問

6、詞組及動詞辨析。. hundred ,thousand, million辨析hundred n百hundreds of數(shù)以百的thousand n千thousands of成千上萬的million n百萬millions of成百萬的當(dāng) million 前面有具體的數(shù)字時，用單數(shù)形式當(dāng) million 后與 of 連用時用復(fù)數(shù)形式，millions of是數(shù)百萬的意思，前面不能加數(shù)詞2/11具體的不加s 也不加 of ，不具體的加s 也加 of【典型例題 2】 1.In our city, _ college students want to work as a teacherin holid

7、ays.A. thousandB. thousands ofC. thousand ofD. two thousand of【答案】 B【解析】考點：數(shù)詞用法2. There are _ books in our library.A. five hundredsB. hundred ofC. hundreds ofD.fivehundred of【答案】 C【解析】試題分析：句意：我們圖書館里有成千上百本書。Hundred 表示具體有幾百時，用單數(shù)；表示虛指時，用復(fù)數(shù)加of ，意為成千上百的。故選C?？键c：考查數(shù)詞。.分數(shù)的表達分數(shù)的表達法1). 結(jié)構(gòu)：a). 分子用基數(shù)詞, 分母用序數(shù)詞 .

8、b). 當(dāng)分子大于1 時 , 分母為序數(shù)詞加s.= three fourths = three quarters 2). 分數(shù)的幾種特殊形式 .1/3 one third = a third 1/4 one fourth = a quarter 1/2 one second = a half3/4 three fourths = three quarters3). 分數(shù)詞作主語時,謂語動詞根據(jù)分數(shù)詞后面的名詞來確定.不可數(shù)名詞+ 動詞單三形式3/11分數(shù) + of +可數(shù)名詞+ 動詞變復(fù)數(shù)形式【典型例題 3】 1.of the teachers in our schoolwomen.A Two

9、 thirds, areB Two threes , isC Two third, areD Two thirds , is【答案】 A考點：考查分數(shù)的表示法。of our classmates are good at basketball.A. Three quartersB. Three fourthC. Third fourD. Three four【答案】 A【解析】試題分析：句意：我們班的四分之三學(xué)生都擅長打籃球。分析：考查分數(shù)的用法，簡單的說，分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，若分子大于一，分母用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：三分之一：one third，而四分之幾時，用單詞quarter表示。故選A

10、考點：考查分數(shù)的表示法。.listen to/hear辨析(1)listen/listen to聽，側(cè)重聽的“過程”(2)hear聽，側(cè)重聽的“結(jié)果”hear sb. do sth聽見某人做某事I often hear him sing in the room.hear sb. doing sth聽見某人正在做某事I hear him singing in the roomhear of/about聽說hear from =receive a letter from sb.收到某人的來信I m sorry to hear that.聽到這件事我很難過( 指聽到別人不幸的消息時的用語)【典型例題

11、 4】 1.me carefully, boys and girls. Can youme?A. Listen to; hear fromB. Hear; listen to4/11C. Hear; hearD. Listen to; hear【答案】 D【解析】試題分析：本題的含義是認真的聽，你們能聽見嗎？前半句強調(diào)動作用listen to，后半句強調(diào)結(jié)果用 hear ，故本題選 D?？键c：考查動詞的用法。2. I never _ him after he went to the USA.Maybe you should write to him first.A. hear aboutB.

12、hear ofC. hear fromD. hear out【答案】C【解析】考點：短語辨析.information/message/ news辨析information指電視、電腦或其它雜志等獲得的信息，為不可數(shù)名詞；a piece of information一條信息You can get much information on the Internetmessage“消息、口信、電報”指書面、口頭、無線電等傳來的信息，為可數(shù)名詞；I ll leave a message for her.我將為她留個口信。news“新聞，消息”，指通過報紙、電臺、電視等新聞媒介報道的最新消息，為不可數(shù)名詞

13、。a piece of news一則新聞Is there any good news today?【典型例題5】 1. What _ can you give me on learning English? I think you could join an English clubA adviceB newsC messagesD information【答案】 A5/11【解析】試題分析：句意：-關(guān)于學(xué)英語，你能給我些什么建議？- 我認為你應(yīng)該加入英語俱樂部。 A advice建議； B news 新聞； C messages 消息，信息；D information消息。結(jié)合句意，故選A。

14、考點：考查名詞詞義辨析。2.Just search the internet, you can get almost all the _ you need.A. informationsB. informationC. pictureD. story【答案】 B【解析】試題分析：句意：只要上網(wǎng)搜索，你幾乎就能得到你想要的一切信息。information消息，信息，不可數(shù)；picture圖畫； D. story故事。結(jié)合句意，故選A?？键c：考查名詞詞義辨析。.have/has been to / have / has gone to / have/ has been in辨析：have/ has

15、 been to +地名“曾經(jīng)去過某地”,現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回到原地。He has been to England twice他曾經(jīng)去過英國兩次。( 現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在英國了)Have you ever been to the Great Wall？你到過長城嗎? （現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在長城上）have gone to“已經(jīng)去某地了”，說話時該人不在現(xiàn)場。He has gone to England。他已去英國了。( 已經(jīng)不在說話的地方，到達英國或者在去英國的路上)have been in +地點待在某地，常與時間段搭配?！镜湫屠} 6】 1Mary, along with her parents _ Hainan

16、for a week and theywill come back soon.A. have been toB. has been inC. have been inD. has been to【答案】 B【解析】6/11考點：考查完成時態(tài)及動詞應(yīng)用 Do you know where the twins are? Yes. They _ Fuzhou.A. have gone toB. have been toC. have goneD. went to【答案】 A【解析】本題考查現(xiàn)在完成時，have/has been to去過某地（已經(jīng)回來了），have/hasgone to 去了（還沒回

17、來）強調(diào)不在說話地點，根據(jù)題意故選A.考點：完成時態(tài)及動詞應(yīng)用. invent 與 discover 辨析invent v發(fā)明 inventor n發(fā)明家 invention n發(fā)明1.invent發(fā)明指事物從無到有（客觀上沒有）2.discover發(fā)現(xiàn)強調(diào)事物本身存在，只不過從“未知”到“已知”（客觀上以前存在）【典型例題7 】 1After hard training for a long time, Liu Xiang _the recordsagain.A. brokeB. achievedC. inventedD. completed【答案】 A【解析】考點：考查動詞詞義辨析。2.A

18、t that time, the calculator was a great _ /?n?ven?n /.A. inventB. invitationC. inventionD. inventor【答案】 C【解析】試題分析：句意：在那時，計算機是一個偉大的發(fā)明。invent是一個動詞，意思是發(fā)明；invitation是一個名詞，意思是邀請；invention是一個名詞，意思是發(fā)明；inventor發(fā)7/11明者。根據(jù)句意和音標可知，這里是說計算機是一個偉大的發(fā)明，應(yīng)該用名詞。故選C?？键c：考查名詞?？键c（二）點動詞與延續(xù)性動詞點動詞即該動詞所表示的動作瞬間完成，不能延續(xù)很長時間也稱非延續(xù)性

19、動詞。在現(xiàn)在完成動時當(dāng)中點動詞不能與段時間連用。若要表達同一含義，可以有如下表達方式。把點動詞改為同義的延續(xù)性動詞borrow-keepbuy-havedie-be deadfinish/end-beoverstart/begin-be on come/go back-be backgo/leave -be away get toknow-knowbecome-bejoin-be a member of / be in. come/arrive-be here/ input on wear go to sleep-be asleep catch a coldhavea coldmarry-be

20、 marriedeg:(誤 ) I have bought the book for 2 weeks .(正 ) I have had the book for 2 weeks.(誤 ) The dog has died for 5 days.(正 )The dog has been dead for 5 days.2.It is / has been +段時間since + sentence (一般過去時 )Eg: (誤 ) He has joined the League for three years.(正 )He has been in the League for three yea

21、rs.(正 ) He has been a member of the League for three years(正 ) It is three years since he joined the League.他入團已三年了【典型例題8】1.- What a beautiful car! When _ you _ it?- I _ itfor two years.A. did; buy; boughtB.did;buy; have hadC. have; bought; have boughtD.have;bought; have had【答案】 B【解析】8/11考點：考查動詞時態(tài)。2

22、.Where is Mr. Wu? I havent seen him for several days.He _ America and he _ from his home since last week.A. has been in; has leftB. has gone to; has leftC. has gone to; has been awayD. have been in; has been away【答案】 C【解析】試題分析：句意：- 吳先生在哪？我已經(jīng)有七天沒有看見他了。- 他已經(jīng)去美國了，自從上個星期，他就已經(jīng)離開家了。分析：考查現(xiàn)在完成時，表示提到的人不在說話地點

23、，用have gone to去了某地。（have been in待在某地）；同時since last week是段時間，離開要用延續(xù)動詞，因此將leave 轉(zhuǎn)換為 have been away.故選 C考點：考查現(xiàn)在完成時的用法。3. Do you know the young woman in a red dress?Sure. Wefriends since ten years ago.A. wereB. have becomeC. have beenD. have made【答案】 C【解析】考點：考查時態(tài)的用法.考點（三）重點短語1.at night在夜晚2.in a more natural environment在一個更加自然的環(huán)境中3.all year round一年到頭 ; 終年4.be