商業(yè)辦公空間開(kāi)題報(bào)告

1、Anhui Polytechnic UniversityA本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）開(kāi)題報(bào)告題目：廣州番禺官橋商業(yè)辦公空間設(shè)計(jì)課題類型：科研口論文口模擬口實(shí)踐。名：學(xué)號(hào)：環(huán)境藝術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)102班藝術(shù)學(xué)院魯俊（講師）2013年12月28日專業(yè)班級(jí):系別:指導(dǎo)教師:開(kāi)題時(shí)間:2013年12月28日開(kāi)題報(bào)告內(nèi)容與要求一、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）內(nèi)容及研究意義（價(jià)值）本課題主要內(nèi)容：本課題主要研究商業(yè)辦公空間設(shè)計(jì)功能布局和審美需求。辦公空間設(shè)計(jì)是指 對(duì)布局、格局、空間的物理和心理分割。辦公空間設(shè)計(jì)需要考慮多方面的問(wèn)題， 涉及科學(xué)、技術(shù)、人文、藝術(shù)等諸多因素。辦公空間室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)的最大目標(biāo)就是要 為工作人員創(chuàng)造一個(gè)舒適、方便

2、、衛(wèi)生、安全、高效的工作環(huán)境，以便更大限度 地提高員工的工作效率。這一目標(biāo)在當(dāng)前商業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)日益激烈的情況下顯得更加重 要，它是辦公空間設(shè)計(jì)的基礎(chǔ)，是辦公空間設(shè)計(jì)的首要目標(biāo)。其中“舒適”涉及 建筑聲學(xué)、建筑光學(xué)、建筑熱工學(xué)、環(huán)境心理學(xué)、人類工效學(xué)等方面的學(xué)科；“方 便”涉及功能流線分析，人類工效學(xué)等方面的內(nèi)容；“衛(wèi)生”涉及綠色材料、衛(wèi) 生學(xué)、給排水工程等方面的內(nèi)容；“安全”問(wèn)題則涉及建筑防災(zāi)，裝飾構(gòu)造等方 面的內(nèi)容。研究意義：在這個(gè)商業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的年代，一個(gè)公司的形象早已占據(jù)了重要位 置，企業(yè)形象里的企業(yè)裝飾尤為重要。企業(yè)的裝飾就相當(dāng)于企業(yè)的臉面，公司辦 公空間的設(shè)計(jì)直接影響著客戶對(duì)公司的第一印象。

3、更進(jìn)一步說(shuō)，在信息時(shí)代的辦公空間內(nèi)，人們?cè)絹?lái)越認(rèn)識(shí)到工作是具有社會(huì) 動(dòng)力的，這種動(dòng)力具有生產(chǎn)性和價(jià)值。老式的設(shè)計(jì)被新的辦公空間處理手法所取 代，其內(nèi)設(shè)置了街道，游廊，咖啡廳和寬敞的干道等模擬真實(shí)生活場(chǎng)所里的區(qū)域， 形成了許多工作空間，由此種思路產(chǎn)生的微縮社區(qū)造就了更多具有創(chuàng)造性及協(xié)作 性的辦公空間設(shè)計(jì)風(fēng)格。根據(jù)信息時(shí)代對(duì)辦公空間設(shè)計(jì)的需要，將人性化，藝術(shù) 化的設(shè)計(jì)融入辦公空間，重建人與建筑及環(huán)境的有機(jī)聯(lián)系，尋求辦公空間物理功 能與心理功能的統(tǒng)一，尋求人文與商務(wù)的平衡，尋求交流和協(xié)作的效率，最大限 度地創(chuàng)造辦公室空間的生產(chǎn)力和綜合價(jià)值。一個(gè)具有拓展和潛力的辦公時(shí)代即將 到來(lái)。二、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）

4、研究現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢(shì)（文獻(xiàn)綜述）研究現(xiàn)狀：從新中國(guó)建立以來(lái)我國(guó)的辦公空間理論研究發(fā)展比較晚，幾乎從 起步，就是沿著國(guó)外的路子走，無(wú)法擺脫國(guó)外設(shè)計(jì)的影子?，F(xiàn)代開(kāi)放式辦公空間 在70年代末才由外資公司帶到國(guó)內(nèi)，就連我們?cè)谵k公空間設(shè)計(jì)中使用的人體比 例尺寸都是國(guó)外的。此后，我國(guó)的室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)和家具設(shè)計(jì)工作者們不斷引入國(guó)外辦 公空間相關(guān)的發(fā)展技術(shù)和模式，對(duì)于現(xiàn)代辦公空間、現(xiàn)代辦公家具、智能辦公建 筑的研究都在慢慢深入，為我國(guó)的辦公空間設(shè)計(jì)做出了很多貢獻(xiàn)。但是，國(guó)內(nèi)很 多辦公場(chǎng)所仍然流行單元式辦公室，并且不太注重室內(nèi)環(huán)境與辦公氣氛，很多人 性化的因素都沒(méi)有加以考慮，造成這種現(xiàn)象的原因主要是社會(huì)基礎(chǔ)在辦公空間環(huán)

5、 境上的反映。其次也是現(xiàn)有辦公空間的建筑形式?jīng)Q定的，另外設(shè)計(jì)師也沒(méi)有切實(shí) 地從使用者角度進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)，或者單純追求形式的表現(xiàn)，造成了大量冷漠、雷同的 辦公空間。隨著信息經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，我國(guó)辦公建筑的發(fā)展水平逐步提高，出現(xiàn)了數(shù) 量眾多的5A級(jí)智能辦公建筑，其內(nèi)部空間也越來(lái)越人性化、智能化，但是對(duì)辦 公空間的系統(tǒng)化研究還處于初級(jí)階段，只注重辦公空間環(huán)境的優(yōu)化，而忽視了辦 公空間應(yīng)有的對(duì)信息化社會(huì)、新型組織結(jié)構(gòu)的潛在回應(yīng)。在理論研究的文獻(xiàn)資料 方面，雖然國(guó)外辦公建筑的作品與理論推陳出新，但我國(guó)關(guān)于辦公建筑的文獻(xiàn)資 料要么偏重于辦公建筑相關(guān)設(shè)備系統(tǒng)，要么偏重于純粹實(shí)例圖片信息，還有就是 偏重對(duì)辦公建筑外部造型

6、探討，研究其內(nèi)部空間理論的資料還是相對(duì)缺乏的。發(fā)展趨勢(shì)：如今商業(yè)空間辦公區(qū)域包括計(jì)算機(jī)房、電傳室、復(fù)印打印室、設(shè) 備機(jī)房等。根據(jù)不同性質(zhì)機(jī)構(gòu)的辦公要求和整體建筑的內(nèi)部布局進(jìn)行空間設(shè)置。 總的原則是：便利使用，安全可靠。由于噪聲和墨粉會(huì)對(duì)人體帶來(lái)?yè)p害，故打印、 復(fù)印機(jī)方宜考慮墻體隔音及室內(nèi)通風(fēng)設(shè)計(jì)。對(duì)于專業(yè)機(jī)型和工藝要求，平面布局 要預(yù)留布置安裝的合同空間。世界已進(jìn)入信息化時(shí)代，隨著高科技大量滲入人們生活和工作的各個(gè)方面， 辦公室裝修空間也正在發(fā)生顛覆性和突破性的變化，傳統(tǒng)的、程式化的辦公環(huán)境 已經(jīng)逐步讓位于新型的、人性化的、科技含量更高的辦公空間形式。20世紀(jì)60 年代美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家提出了 “知

7、識(shí)型工作”的概念，其所涵蓋的范圍如今意境擴(kuò)大 到多數(shù)行政管理和市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷等部門(mén)。無(wú)論是企業(yè)還是機(jī)關(guān)，工作的重點(diǎn)都集中在 如何更好地發(fā)展專業(yè)知識(shí)，有效地分享、交流和運(yùn)用這些專業(yè)知識(shí)，提高工作效 率。因而，各地都在嘗試如何使辦公空間滿足知識(shí)型工作的需要，不斷提高技術(shù) 水平，進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)創(chuàng)新探索。當(dāng)前，辦公空間設(shè)計(jì)呈現(xiàn)出多樣化、人性化的趨勢(shì)。其特點(diǎn)是具備團(tuán)隊(duì)協(xié)作 的工作環(huán)境，同事之間可便利輕松地分享和交流各類信息，是一個(gè)學(xué)術(shù)的空間。上班時(shí)即興而開(kāi)的會(huì)議和員工培訓(xùn)都能夠及時(shí)地、自然地融入工作空間中。畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）研究方案及工作計(jì)劃（含工作重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)及擬采用的途徑） 工作的重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)：重點(diǎn)是全面分析平面布局

8、，思考各個(gè)辦公空間功能分區(qū)的布置，還要從空 間分割協(xié)調(diào)整體性、設(shè)計(jì)人性化、部門(mén)隱私性、辦公開(kāi)放型等方面設(shè)計(jì)，讓有 限的空間得到最大的使用限度，理清設(shè)計(jì)思路，決定設(shè)計(jì)風(fēng)格，做好前期準(zhǔn)備， 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)勘查，合理分布空間布局。努力把效果圖和施工圖做好。難點(diǎn)在于對(duì)整體設(shè)計(jì)思路的把握不夠充分，尤其在對(duì)于設(shè)計(jì)表現(xiàn)的形式上， 自身還存在一定的不足，爭(zhēng)取在整個(gè)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)期間，將此方面的不足及時(shí)的進(jìn) 行補(bǔ)充。本課題的研究方案可以從幾個(gè)方面考慮：從圖書(shū)館借鑒和查閱商業(yè)辦公空間設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)資料文獻(xiàn)，通過(guò)國(guó)外的專著、 期刊雜志、國(guó)內(nèi)優(yōu)秀博士論文以及網(wǎng)上的資料等，有個(gè)相應(yīng)的認(rèn)識(shí)，然后在此基 礎(chǔ)上還需要了解內(nèi)容涉及建筑學(xué)、人體工程學(xué)

9、、環(huán)境行為學(xué)、室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)等方面， 以期使研究更為系統(tǒng)全面?？疾煅芯拷梃b優(yōu)秀作品。實(shí)地考察研究借鑒周邊優(yōu)秀成功的商業(yè)辦公空間 設(shè)計(jì)，總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，吸取精華，通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)運(yùn)用到自己設(shè)計(jì)中去。查閱網(wǎng)絡(luò)搜索相關(guān)資料。瀏覽查閱相關(guān)室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)術(shù)論壇、網(wǎng)站、博客等， 了解最新的設(shè)計(jì)動(dòng)態(tài)和流行趨勢(shì)，使自己的設(shè)計(jì)與時(shí)俱進(jìn)。制定商業(yè)辦公空間設(shè)計(jì)方案、主題、確定藝術(shù)風(fēng)格流派，并圍繞此主題進(jìn) 行空間設(shè)計(jì)。經(jīng)過(guò)導(dǎo)師的正確指導(dǎo)進(jìn)行研究課題。將自己的各階段完成作品及時(shí)發(fā)給指 導(dǎo)老師進(jìn)行指導(dǎo)反饋，不斷修改和提升設(shè)計(jì)水平。如果這些不夠，還可以到市場(chǎng)調(diào)查，擴(kuò)大感官認(rèn)識(shí)，激發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)思維，讓所 見(jiàn)所想運(yùn)用到設(shè)計(jì)中去。畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）工作計(jì)劃：

10、2013-2014學(xué)年第一學(xué)期第17周(12.23-12.29)確定畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)課題及指導(dǎo)老師第18周至19周 (12.30-1.12)研討設(shè)計(jì)構(gòu)思及市場(chǎng)調(diào)查、資料收集第20周(1.13.1-19)資料整理分析并提交畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)方案初稿20132014學(xué)年第二學(xué)期第1周(2.24-3.2)提交中期檢查表，對(duì)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)方案初稿進(jìn)行討論及深化第2周至3周 (3.3-3.16)根據(jù)深化方案，繪制畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)圖紙。第4周(3.17-3.23)完成畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)全部效果圖及整套施工圖方案第5周(3.24-3.30)查閱資料及整理設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明初稿第6周至8周 (3.31-4.20)對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明初稿進(jìn)行調(diào)整。第9周至11周 (4.2

11、1-5.11)深化設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明。第12周至14周 (5.12-6.1)調(diào)整設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明格式，完善設(shè)施說(shuō)明內(nèi)容。完成設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明。第15周至18周 (6.2-6.29)制作答辯PPT，準(zhǔn)備畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)所有材料。準(zhǔn)備畢業(yè)答辯。四、主要參考文獻(xiàn):辦公空間設(shè)計(jì)與工程重慶大學(xué)出版社。羅戟.國(guó)內(nèi)國(guó)外辦公場(chǎng)所設(shè)計(jì)精粹.杭州：江蘇美術(shù)出版社，1993.06.張良君.工作環(huán)境與氣氛的創(chuàng)造.世界建筑導(dǎo)報(bào)。卜芳芳.人物空間的合理協(xié)調(diào)J當(dāng)代建設(shè)，2001.任文東.思考WTO與中國(guó)辦公空間設(shè)計(jì)J.室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)與裝修，2000,(03)周昕濤.現(xiàn)代辦公空間設(shè)計(jì)M.上海人民美術(shù)出版社，2006.105-126.建筑世界株式會(huì)社.商業(yè)辦公空間設(shè)

12、計(jì).福建科學(xué)技術(shù)出版社，2002.10.精英階層第二辦公空間金皮書(shū)之評(píng)論篇.（美）威廉克萊因.現(xiàn)代辦公空間發(fā)展趨勢(shì)北京大學(xué)出版社。外文文獻(xiàn)：The new trend of the development of modern office building green determines the value of personality to win the marketWilliam A. KleinEnter after twenty-first Century, the Americans made a statistics, found the United States tax s

13、ource 83.5% from office, not the factory. China estimates the proportion is not so high, but equally, office no longer twentieth Century industrial civilization times, only the factory management subsidiary, is the only business reception, only managers facade, and truly become the accumulation of w

14、ealth.Because the office properties of this kind of fundamental change, office development, nature also pay more and more attention to the user, in particular to create the greatest value and employee comfort, health, the personalized needs of users, can stimulate the inspiration, more efficient men

15、tal creation, become new era office main standard. Modern office building development, thus appeared the following new trend. Ecological office: green valueSeveral years ago, IBM because of environmental factors from Zhongguancun moved out, because the IBM global office should abide by22 degrees Cel

16、sius temperature standard for office, keep tropical fish standard to raise a person, raise equipment, while Zhongguancun is not up to the requirements.Big business critical showing modern office buildings feature -Ecological Office has become a trend, the most expensive house no longer is the talles

17、t building, but the environment is best, the most comfortable building.Of course, the ecological office not only means the small environment green and comfortable, also means the environmental energy saving and environmental protection, not only let the staff happy work, improve efficiency, can save

18、 more costs, let the boss happy to make money. Ecological high-rise office buildingThe dependence of the downtown business circle of high-rise office buildings, the environment can not choose, small environmental protection of the ecological environment there are still many as. For example, through

19、the sheet body building, external shading device, respiratory curtain wall, thermal insulation glass, air conditioning, three-dimensional greening mode, to create ecological office building.External shading devices in foreign high-grade office buildings in a wide range of applications, such as Briti

20、sh Nottingham internal revenue center, on the use of lightweight visor and automatic control of the shutter, the entire group of buildings can not only make full use of natural light in daytime, there can be effectively shielded outdoor straight rays, avoid indoor glare. Domestic high-grade office b

21、uildings, began using external shading devices, such as Beijing s top office new Poly Plaza, in the buildings west side and on the south side of the vertical stone sunshade louver, according to Beijings four seasons light settings to ensure the best angle, the biggest summer shading effect and winte

22、r best sunshine effect.Wall thermal insulation energy-saving construction is the important part of the modern office building, curtain wall, than the general more insulation, ventilation breathable wall and LOW - E glass with special function glass became the preferred. Known as the Beijing chang an

23、Avenue ending throne in the top office Chem Plaza, used is the two-tier breathing type glass curtain wall. The whole glass curtain wall is composed of three layers of glass structure, the outer glass is laminated glass, thickness10.76 mm, good flatness, decrease the deformation, reduced refraction;

24、the inner layer of glass is used in LOW, E glass, thermal insulation properties strong, the external heat reflection, prevent the heat into the two layer; curtain wall is arranged between the a180 mm wide space, outdoor air through the outer curtain wall glass window located in the upper andlower po

25、rtions of the slit to form circulation. While still in the two layer is arranged in the wall between80mm wide perforated aluminum alloy louver sunshade, advanced building automation system ( BA ) connected computer control center, according to seasonal and climatic conditions automatically change th

26、e sunshade angle, not only guarantee the lighting, and put an end to the sun. Ping Banlou body is also a kind of green and ecological architecture. Beijing Desheng home on the selection of thin body building, every unit has a width of at least in 8 meters of above, single depth only 7.2meters, with

27、a large area of the full glass windows, ventilation and lighting effect remarkable.Beijing Zhongguancun best office Raycom information A, every3 meters to be able to open 1.5meters outside the window, combining architectural type structure, natural wind can easily convection inside of the building;

28、building and three triangular green garden, building on both sides with the life of green space, let a person feel like in the garden of office.Air conditioning system is an important part of the ecological office building. Like the Beijing Century Fortune Center, Beijing new Poly Plaza and Shenzhen

29、 s top office China Resources Building, use the VAV variable air volume air conditioning system, through the efficient air treatment equipment, VAV bellows and high accuracy controller of DDC ( direct digital controller ), and with the beginning of efficiency, in effect of two-stage filtration equip

30、ment, make the building in the air more fresh, comfortable.In Hangzhou, the ecological office building has just started, like Dragon Century Square with the breathing wall, Binjiang District UT Starcom new building large area by LOW - E glass, and Huanglong area the building, it can be considered a

31、more comprehensive ecological office building, the open curtain wall, the outer visor, argon gas filling LOW - E hollow glass, new refrigerant super multi-evaporator inverter central air conditioning, heat exchanger, energy-saving water tap and a series of materials, equipment, and a7000square meter

32、s of green central courtyard, very rare.Ecological low layer courtyard business buildingEcological office more thoroughly, nature is directly to the countryside landscape office area, lying on the ground, with green binding, which in Europe and the United States has gradually become a trend, especia

33、lly high-tech, need the mind creative enterprises.Landscape office derives from Howards garden city concept, generally located in the city of big city brim, low density, small volume of office building with beautiful green landscape organic union, make the worker in the leisure environment to produc

34、e a more inspiration.The most typical landscape district office is the United States Silicon Valley, by various business Garden community composition, like the famous Oracle Corp built along the lake, the entire building at the lake started slowly, with picturesque landscape.The United States of Col

35、orado Aurora City Water Park Office Park, artificial lakes, waterfalls, streams, small pool, create a dreamy water garden scenery, in office, nature is refreshed.In addition, in the United States Seattle City Microsoft headquarters is also a landscape office area, there are110 small office building,

36、 from any one office room window, can see green trees.By the Silicon Valley architectural inspiration, Beijing got a BDA international enterprise Avenue, the project consists of 43building three or four storey small standing pose, every office building covers an area of3000-5000 square meters. Low l

37、evel, low density satisfies the user to the sunlight and air pursuit; enterprise further, and can determine its own property decorative style, internal layout; exclusive naming rights to show strength and can display their brand.Beijing Haidian District provides an ecological office district EOD (Ec

38、onomicalOfficeDistrict ) of the new building plans. According to the design and planning, EOD area constructionfor all the top twolayers of single building, with antique architecture, European architecture, the cottage to glass structure consisting mainly of transparent type construction, emphasizin

39、g lighting and greening, material selection, pay attention to environmental protection, rainwater leakage system, solar energy utilization system, circulating use of recycled materials, green sun wall, natural ventilation system and other goods are available in all varieties.The closest to Hangzhou

40、ecological office district concept is scientific and Technological Park, although not a building, but the building is also low to the ground, ventilated daylighting is good, the edge is old and hill, park was an idyllic scene, snack flavor. In addition, the buildings southeast northwest edge of each

41、 have a four layer of single-family turret, in the area of 2000 square meters, can enjoy the7000 square meters of the central garden, and independent import and use, a single-family office.Recently, in the river, pine million feet of a sunny courtyard, tall fir still erected in the deep courtyard, a

42、 few big white low density houses as a private villa community, it is a by the old courtyard alterations in the courtyard building,3000 square meters of office area in two to the three layer the small houses, enjoy the6000 square meters of outdoor green space, north-south permeability of large bay,

43、green landscape to the limited space - Kai million business building unique building location ideas open up a brand-new office concept, close to nature, let the staff in the green ecological work. Undoubtedly, garden-style office in response to the Hangzhou such a mountain and water garden cities, t

44、o attract domestic and foreign top company settled.Personality: to a few people consider officeIndustrial Differentiation, personalized business more and more, personalized office also has become a development trend, the development office, should no longer is 50-2000 square meters of customers all

45、heart, beard Yibazhua eyebrows, and according to the regional market characteristics and target customer behavior pattern should be in the function of positioning, to innovate, to fully to meet customer demand for personalized. Sometimes, for a few people consider the office space, but more to win t

46、he market.LOFT office spaceThe original LOFT refers to the industrial plant and warehouse in large open space. LOFT become the office fashion should be traced back to the nineteen forties New York artists under the livelihood, gathered in the Manhattan area ( SoHo soohoo ), because there is in New Y

47、ork with the most intensive unused workshop, open space and cheap. Western artists to open waste plant into a studio, in which art, high space, bright lighting and the true nature of the ecological environment, contributes to the release of energy, improve work efficiency.798 Beijing, Shanghai Suzho

48、u River artists warehouse, Kunmings riverof Hangzhou, hang Yinlu LOFT49 etc., all belong to the old building art, personalized processing. And the modern city of Beijing LOFT offices, is through more than 5 meters tall, deliberately create a spacious office space.Hangzhou Xinghe building business, m

49、ore business building and the around the city north of the center of wealth, are part of the LOFT business space, Wenhui Road modern territory, Hangzhou is the first pure LOFT business building.The MORE office buildingAnother kind of personalized office mode is MORE. The original MORE refers to a co

50、mmunity group to concentrate on providing the resident office, foreign business resources support. Its characteristic is the centralized resource allocation, and can be shared. Positioning in the MORE concept office customers need a lot of information sources and foreign exchanges and contacts, at t

51、he same time, often work overtime, they need to provide more support. Therefore, MORE office configuration of the common kitchen, common room, common rooms and business centre rich shared resources, to allow customers to enjoy more general characteristics of services and resources to support. Like t

52、he Schengen international TOWNHOUSE office building, known as the CIS senior office base, have the function of.現(xiàn)代辦公建筑發(fā)展新趨勢(shì)綠色決定價(jià)值個(gè)性贏得市場(chǎng)威廉.克萊因進(jìn)入二十一世紀(jì)后，美國(guó)人做過(guò)一項(xiàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)，發(fā)現(xiàn)美國(guó)稅收來(lái)源的83.5%來(lái)自 于寫(xiě)字樓，而不是工廠。中國(guó)的比例估計(jì)還沒(méi)那么高，但同樣，寫(xiě)字樓已經(jīng)不再 像二十世紀(jì)工業(yè)文明時(shí)代那樣，僅僅是工廠的管理附屬，僅僅是企業(yè)的接待站， 僅僅是管理者的門(mén)面，而真正成為了財(cái)富的聚集地。因?yàn)閷?xiě)字樓性質(zhì)的這一種根本性變化，寫(xiě)字樓開(kāi)發(fā)，自然也越來(lái)越

53、關(guān)注使用 者，尤其是創(chuàng)造最大價(jià)值的員工本身的舒適、健康、個(gè)性化需求，能否激發(fā)使用 者的靈感，進(jìn)行更有效率的腦力創(chuàng)造，成為衡量新時(shí)代寫(xiě)字樓的主要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?，F(xiàn)代 辦公建筑開(kāi)發(fā)，因而出現(xiàn)了以下一些新的趨勢(shì)。生態(tài)辦公：綠色決定價(jià)值好幾年前，IBM就因?yàn)榄h(huán)境因素從中關(guān)村搬了出去，因?yàn)镮BM的全球?qū)懽謽?都要遵循22攝氏度的辦公溫度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，用養(yǎng)熱帶魚(yú)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)養(yǎng)人、養(yǎng)設(shè)備，而中關(guān) 村達(dá)不到這個(gè)要求。大企業(yè)的挑剔顯示了現(xiàn)代寫(xiě)字樓的最大特征生態(tài)辦公成為一種趨勢(shì)，最貴的樓不再是最高的樓，而是環(huán)境最好、最舒適的樓。當(dāng)然，生態(tài)辦公不僅意味著小環(huán)境的綠色舒適，還意味著針對(duì)大環(huán)境的節(jié)能 環(huán)保，既讓員工快樂(lè)工作，提高效率，更能節(jié)省

54、使用費(fèi)用，讓老板快樂(lè)賺錢。高層生態(tài)寫(xiě)字樓對(duì)于依賴市中心商務(wù)圈的高層寫(xiě)字樓而言，大環(huán)境無(wú)法選擇，小環(huán)境的生態(tài) 環(huán)保還是有很多作為的。比如，通過(guò)薄板樓體、外遮陽(yáng)設(shè)備、呼吸幕墻、隔熱玻 璃、新型空調(diào)、立體綠化等方式，來(lái)營(yíng)造生態(tài)寫(xiě)字樓。外遮陽(yáng)設(shè)備在國(guó)外的高檔寫(xiě)字樓中應(yīng)用非常廣泛，像英國(guó)的諾丁漢國(guó)內(nèi)稅務(wù) 中心，就采用輕質(zhì)遮陽(yáng)板和自動(dòng)控制的遮陽(yáng)百葉，使整組建筑既能充分利用白天 的自然光，有可以有效地遮擋室外的直射光線，避免室內(nèi)炫光。國(guó)內(nèi)的高檔寫(xiě)字 樓，也開(kāi)始慢慢采用外遮陽(yáng)設(shè)備，如北京頂級(jí)寫(xiě)字樓新保利大廈，則在大樓的西 側(cè)和南側(cè)采用了豎向石材遮陽(yáng)百頁(yè)，按照北京的四季光照設(shè)置最佳角度，確保夏 天最大的遮陽(yáng)效果

55、和冬天最佳的日照效果。墻體的保溫隔熱是建筑節(jié)能的重要部分，在現(xiàn)代辦公建筑中，比一般幕墻更 為保溫、通風(fēng)的可呼吸幕墻和LOW-E玻璃等帶有特殊功能的玻璃成為首選。號(hào) 稱北京長(zhǎng)安街收官王座的頂級(jí)寫(xiě)字樓凱晨廣場(chǎng)，采用的就是雙層呼吸式玻璃幕 墻。整個(gè)玻璃幕墻由三層玻璃構(gòu)筑，最外層的玻璃采用夾層玻璃，厚度10.76 毫米，平整度好，減少變形，減少折射；內(nèi)層玻璃則米用了 LOWE玻璃，隔熱 性能強(qiáng)，可將外部熱量反射，阻止熱量進(jìn)入；在內(nèi)外兩層幕墻之間留有一個(gè)寬 180毫米的空間，室外空氣通過(guò)位于外幕墻玻璃窗上部和下部的開(kāi)縫形成外循 環(huán)。同時(shí)還在兩層幕墻之間內(nèi)設(shè)80毫米寬的帶穿孔的鋁合金百葉遮陽(yáng)，先進(jìn)的 樓宇

56、自控系統(tǒng)(BA)連接電腦總控中心，可以根據(jù)季節(jié)和氣候條件自動(dòng)改變遮陽(yáng)角 度，既保證采光，又杜絕日曬。萍板樓體也是一種綠色生態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)。北京的德勝 置業(yè)大廈選用薄板樓體，每一個(gè)使用單元擁有的面寬至少在8米以上，單間的進(jìn) 深卻只有7.2米，再搭配大面積的全開(kāi)落地玻璃窗，通風(fēng)和采光效果自然顯著。北京中關(guān)村最好的寫(xiě)字樓融科資訊A座，每間隔3米就可以開(kāi)啟1.5米的外 窗，結(jié)合建筑的板式結(jié)構(gòu)，自然風(fēng)可以在大廈內(nèi)輕松對(duì)流；建筑與三個(gè)三角形的 綠化庭園結(jié)合，為大廈雙面均提供了富有生機(jī)的綠色空間，讓人感覺(jué)就像在園林 中辦公一樣?？照{(diào)系統(tǒng)是生態(tài)寫(xiě)字樓的重要組成部分。像北京世紀(jì)財(cái)富中心、北京新保利 大廈和深圳頂級(jí)寫(xiě)字樓華潤(rùn)大廈，都采用了 VAV變風(fēng)量空調(diào)系統(tǒng)，通過(guò)高效的空 氣處理設(shè)備、VAV分風(fēng)箱以及高精度的DDC控制器(直接數(shù)字控制器)，并配以 初效、中效雙級(jí)過(guò)濾設(shè)備，令樓內(nèi)的空氣更加清新、舒適。在杭州，生態(tài)寫(xiě)字樓的建設(shè)剛剛起步，像黃龍世紀(jì)廣場(chǎng)用的是呼吸幕墻，濱 江區(qū)的UT斯達(dá)康新大樓大面積采用LOWE玻璃，而黃龍區(qū)的公元大廈，則可以 算得上是一個(gè)較為全方位的生態(tài)寫(xiě)字樓，采用了開(kāi)放式幕墻、外遮陽(yáng)板、內(nèi)充氬 氣的LOWE中空玻