個性化教案-----句子成分(共6頁)

1、 惠州市學大信息技術有限公司 Huizhou XueDa Century Education Technology Ltd.第 PAGE 5 頁 共 NUMPAGES 6 頁個 性 化 教 學 設 計 教 案授課時間：2014 年 1月23日（16：45-18：15）備課時間：2014年 1月 19 日年級：高三 學科：英語 課時：2學生姓名：課題名稱 句子成分+there be句型+ 閱讀 授課教師教學目標掌握句子的一般結構及最常用的句型教學重點難點成份分析與判斷；there be句型的理解設計意圖 為正確的句子表達及閱讀打好基礎；提高閱讀能力教學過程 I 重點語法項目講解句子成分一，基本概

2、念：句子是按照一定的語法規(guī)律組成的，表達一個完整的意義。一個句子一般由兩部分構成，即主語部分和謂語部分，這兩部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括賓語，定語，狀語，表語等。句子成分是句子中起一定功用的組成部分。1）主語：是一句的主體，是全句述說的對象，常用名詞，數(shù)詞或代詞擔任，一般放于句首。如：Students study. (學生學習) We are friends.(我們是朋友)A bird is flying in the sky. Tom gave me a book.這兩句話中單詞students是個名詞，we是代詞，它們在句中做主語。主語是句子所要說的人或事物,回答是“誰”或

3、者“什么”。通常用名詞或代詞擔任。如：Im Miss Green.(我是格林小姐)2）謂語：是對主語加以陳述，表示主語的行為或狀態(tài)，常用動詞或者動詞詞組擔任，放在主語的后面。如：Students study. (學生學習) We are friends. (我們是朋友)這兩句話中單詞study和are都是動詞，study叫做實意動詞，are叫做be動詞，它們在句中作謂語。謂語動詞說明主語的動作或狀態(tài),回答“做(什么)”。主要由動詞擔任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打掃房間) Jack was cleaning the room when his

4、 sister came in.3）賓語：表示行為的對象，常由名詞或者代詞擔任。放在及物動詞或者介詞之后。如：They are teachers. ( 他們是老師。)I play with him. (我和他一起玩。)這兩句話中單詞teachers是名詞，單詞him是帶詞，它們在句中作賓語。賓語表示及物動詞的對象或結果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名詞或代詞擔任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼這個詞)4）定語：是用來說明或者限制名詞的成分，常用形容詞或者相當于形容詞的短語或從句擔任。形容詞放在名詞之前，相當于形容詞的短語或從句放在名詞的后面。如：This is a re

5、d sun.(這是個紅太陽.) He is a tall boy.（他是個高個子男孩。）這兩句話中單詞red和 tall都是形容詞，它們作定語。定語修飾名詞或代詞,通常由形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞等擔任。如：Shanghai is a big city .(上海是個大城市)5）狀語；是用來說明動詞，形容詞，副詞或整個句子的成分。常由副詞擔任。修飾動詞時可以放在動詞之前，也可以放在動詞之后；修飾形容詞或副詞時放在它們之前。如：The students study hard. (這些學生學習努力。) I often write to him. (我常給他寫信。)The bag is too heavy.

6、(這個書包太重了。)這三句話中單詞hard 和often修飾的都是動詞，第三句話中單詞too修飾的是形容詞，它們都作狀語。 狀語用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞,通常由副詞擔任。如：He works hard .(他工作努力)6）表語：用來說明主語的性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)。一般由名詞或者形容詞擔任。如：This table is short (這個桌子是長的。) This question is very difficult. Tom is a student.7）賓語補足語；用來說明賓語怎么樣或干什么,通常由形容詞或動詞充當。如：They usually keep their classroom clean.

7、(他們通常讓教室保持清潔) / He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常幫我做功課) / The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself.(老師要我自學法語)8）同位語：通常緊跟在名詞、代詞后面,進一步說明它的情況。如：Where is your classmate Tom ?(你的同學湯姆在哪里？)My classmate Tom is out of classroom. 通常情況下,主語和賓語前的成分是定語，謂語前的成分是狀語，時間詞作狀語放在句子后面。句子的成分分布如下：（定語） 主語 （狀語） 謂語

8、 （定語） 賓語 （狀語）如：(The tall) boy (often) go (to the big) zoo.(The happy) child went (his) home yesterday. II 同步語語法練習請分析下面句子的結構說出各個詞所充當?shù)某煞?）I have two elder sisters. 2) They dont swim very well.3) Do you go to school every day? 4) I really want a cup of tea. 5) Miss Smith teaches English very well.6, Ou

9、r PE teacher taught us how to play football last Friday.7. Tom got a pen from the classroom and then put it on the teaching desk.8. The computer is black, and it is very useful.9. That black computer is Toms, but Tom often use it to play games.10. I think I can finish this work in 3 hours. 重點語法項目講解T

10、here be句型一 定義與結構：There be句型表示某處存在某物或某人，一般譯成“有” (1) There is +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+ 地點狀語. (2) There are +復數(shù)名詞+地點狀語.注意事項： there是引導詞，在句中不充當任何成分，翻譯時也不必譯出。句子的主語是某人或某物，謂語動詞be要與主語（某人或某物）的數(shù)保持一致。當主語是兩個或兩個以上的名詞時，謂語動詞要與跟它最近的那個名詞一致。如： There are two bird in the tree. There are many students and a teacher in our classroo

11、m. There are two boys and a girl under the tree.There are 5 oranges and one apple.There is an apple and 5 oranges in the basket.There isnt an apple There is no apple三 there be 句型變化1：變成否定There be句型的否定式的構成和含有be動詞的其它句型一樣，在be后加上not或no即可。例如： There is a bike behind the tree. There isnt a bike behind the t

12、ree. =There is no bike behind the tree.2：變成一般疑問句There be句型的一般疑問句變化是把be動詞調(diào)整到句首，再在句尾加上問號即可。但同時要注意：當肯定句中有some時，要將其改為any（否定變化也一樣）。There is some water on Mars. Is there any water on Mars? There are some fish in the water. Are there any fish in the water? Lucy is a school girl.Is lucy a school girl?Tom li

13、kes reading newspaper.Does Tom like reading newspaper?They drive to park this morning.Do they drive to park this morning?3： there be 句型的時態(tài)be可以有現(xiàn)在時（there is/are）、過去時(there was/were)、將來時(there is/are going to be或there will be)和完成時(there have/has been)；還可用there must be ,there cant be, there used to be等

14、。 如：There were 5 boys in the classroom yesterday.There was one book on my desk yesterday.There were two footballs in the basket this morning.There will be 2 hospital in this place next month There _ a concert this evening. BYeah. Exciting news! A. are going to be B. is going to be C. is going to hav

15、e D. will have4：there be 句型的主謂一致There be 結構中的be動詞要和后面所跟名詞保持一致,遵循就近原則。如：1. There _ any rice in the bowl.C A. are B. is C. isnt D. arent 2. There _ many apples on the tree last year. B A. have been B. were C. are D. is 5：there be 句型用的其他動詞：there be 句型中有時不用動詞be ，而用come , live ,stand , lie, seem to be ,

16、happen to be ,等。如：There lives an old man.There comes a bus.There stands a temple on the mountain.There is a templeThere seems to be a knife and a fork on the table. 6難點：there be 句型與have句型的區(qū)別(1) There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含義。但There be表示“存在”的關系；而have表示“擁有”的關系。如：He has two sons. 他有兩個兒子。There are two men in

17、 the office. 辦公室里有兩個男人。(2)當have表示“包括”、“存在”的含義時，There be 句型與其可互換。如： A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. 一個星期有七天。V語法同步演練I. 將下列句子變成否定句和一般疑問句。1.There is some water in the bottle. Is there any water in the bottle?2.There are many apples in the box. Are there many apples in the box?3.T

18、here are seven days in a week. Are there seven4.There are lots of books in our library. Are there lots of books in our library?5.There is a knife over there. Is there a knife over there?6.There is a little milk in the glass. Is there a little milk in the glass?II翻譯以下句子1. 這個房子前面有一輛小汽車。2. 你們班有多少學生？3.

19、我總共有5本書。4，我們學校有70個班級。5，如果再有一次機會，我一定會好好把握的。 III 閱讀訓練National Middle School Games will be held in ChangshaSports are good for our health. Sports can make our bodies strong. To make more students know their importance, a sports meeting for middle school students is held in China. This year is its 10th

20、birthday. It will be held from August 16th to 21th in Changsha, the capital city of Hunan Province. It is the National Middle School Games.The games have eight events. They are track and field (Tianjin), swimming, basketball, volleyball, table tennis, Wushu, aerobics (gysnastics) and soccer.The Nati

21、onal Middle School Games are held every three years. Nine Games have been held successfully until now and many middle school students have taken part in the games.It is reported that 205 teams with nearly 5000 athletes will take part in the games in 2009.all the athletes will take part in the games

22、in 2009. All the athletes are from different parts of the country including HongKong and Macau. They are training hard and will come to Changsha for the games. We hope they will love the beautiful city and that their dreams will come true.Please judge the following statements correct or wrong?The 10

23、th National Middle School Games will be held in Changsha. correctThe Games will start on August 16th,2009 correctThe Games are held every four years. wrongAbout 5000 students will take part in the Games. correctNow all the athletes are training hard in Changsha. wrong* VI 課后練習（三部分）*01-Jerry Baldwin,

24、 30years old, owned a pizza restaurant. He lived in a flat about one mile north of the restaurant. He walked to and from work, when it was raining, he took the bus.Jerry loved gangster movies. When a new one came out, he would go to the theater and watch the new movie three or four times. Then, when

25、 it went to video, Jerry would buy the gangster videos. Old ones, new ones; color, black and white; English, Spanish, Japanesehe loved them all, he could tell you the name of the movie, the director, the stars, and the story.Jerry finally decided that he would own a gun, just like the gangsters. So

26、he saved his money for a couple of years. Then he went to the gun club to practice shooting. He was in the club for only 10 minutes when he accidentally dropped his gun. The gun went off, and the bullet went into jerrys right knee.Jerry now walks with a walking stick, just like some gangsters.What w

27、as Jerry Baldwin?_ A The boss of a restaurant B. The manager of a cinemaC. The owner of a video shop D. The head of a shooting club.Jerry Baldwin had a large collection of EXCEPT_ ones. C A. Spanish B. Japanese C. Russian D. EnglishHow did Jerry Baldwin get a gun？_ A He bought it for himself B. He b

28、orrowed it from the club.C. He made it on his own. D. He got it from the gangster.Jerry Baldwin dropped his gun mainly because of his _ C A. illness B. anger C. carelessness D. eyesightFrom the passage, we learn that Jerry_ in the end. D lost his interest in movies B. turned out to be a real gangste

29、rC. had his own shooting club D. couldnt walk in normal way三完形填空訓練Stuart and Steve were twin brothers. Stuart loved to play basketball. But Steve loved to read books.One day Stuart was playing basketball 1 he fell and broke his leg. When they took him to the hospital, the doctor said he wouldnt be a

30、ble to play for six months. Steve went 2 him and brought him books on basketball. At first Stuart wasnt going to read them. Then he began to read them and 3 that there were ways he could play basketball better. He began to think that books werent that 4 .When Stuarts leg started getting better, Steve would help him by going for walks with him. 5 Stuarts doctor said he could start playing basketball again. Then Stuart showed Steve how to toss (投)