托福寫作同義詞替換詞(全)

1、冋義詞替換詞國內(nèi)考生常用的表達更得分的表達方式名詞1thingsthatonetrieshardtodoonesundertakings/onescommitments2Thefactisthat?Therealityisthat?3joyhappiness/delight/enjoyment4sadnesssorrow/grief5dangerhazard/peril（后面這個詞語氣很強，危險程度非同一般）派生dangerous；hazardous-schooling（指學校教育，家庭教育則用6educationupbringing/parenting）區(qū)分家庭教育的兩個詞upbringin

2、g是從孩子的角度說的，比如childrensupbringing;而parenting是從家長的角度來說，比如sensibleparenting.7advertisement/advertising如果你寫過關于廣告的題目，就一定體會過不停輪換使用advertisement/advertising有多郁悶。其實主體段論證中完全可以把廣告類細化，比如commercials（電視或者互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的廣告），flyers（傳單廣告，北京最常見的形式就是“135*，辦證”），billboards（大幅的廣告牌）或者non-profitadvertisements=public-interestadverti

3、sements（公益廣告）8carAutomobile9economiccrisiseconomicmeltdown（很接近）/recession（這個一般僅僅還是衰退）/theGreatDepression（這個則是特指1929年開始的那次了）10famouspeoplecelebrities(單數(shù)為celebrity)11lIhumanbeings（備考生使用過多）humanity（注意這個詞的單數(shù)指人類，復數(shù)指人文學科）/thehumanrace12wealthfortune（s）（fortune作財富的意思時可以加復數(shù)）13相關richwealthy/affluent(adi)14sk

4、ill注意這個詞的正確解釋是技能technique（或者方法，而不是二15派生skilledadept/adroit(adj.)16methodmethodology（國外學術與作中超級常用的詞，基本就是method的故作高深版）17fieldsphere/domain/arena18understandingofgraspof/command19_choiceofOption20cooperationcollaboration21basicstructureinacityoracountryInfrastructure22tirednessforalongtimeFatigue23isamu

5、stofisaprerequisitefor(是?的必備先決條件)24theInternettheinformationhighway（一篇考生作乂里Internet被使用十幾次是常事兒）25honestyIntegrity26strongbelieffaith(in)i丄丄：27aimIntention28worriesanxieties（是的，這兩個詞的確都可以加復數(shù)）29influeneeimpact/repercussion/implication30influeneeoneachothermutualinfluenee(類似的表達還有mutualrespect,mutualtrust

6、禾口mutualunderstanding/interactionbetweenAandB/interplaybetweenAandB31manydifferentkindsofavarietyofa?wide/arrayof?/ideawrange?of?32wrongideasheldbymanypeopleMisconceptions3311fameprestige/sterlingreputation34rangespectrum35senserecognition36partcomponent（這個詞不僅指零件，在學術與作中也經(jīng)常指“部分”）Ult亠么n/37wise相關sensib

7、le(adj.)Disparity38gap39asystemforaparticularpurposeamechanismfor,40asolutiontosth.aremedyforsth.（生活中經(jīng)常指一種病的治療方法，但學術寫作中經(jīng)常用來指某種冋題的解決方法，注意搭配的介詞不同）41badstudentsunrulystudents/disruptivestudentsunethicalbehavior/immoralbehavior42hadbehavior43organizationsthathelppoorpeoplecharities/charitableorganizatio

8、ns44differeneeDistinction45派生bedifferentfrombedistinetfrom(adj.)r46personIndividual47personalitydisposition48businessesenterprises（這里指企業(yè)）49pricesthataretoohighexorbitantprices50therateof?theincideneeof（?后面一般跟壞事兒，比女口unemployment/crime/adisease)zeal/:51intenseenthusiasmpassion52culturalglobalization（有

9、過多人使用這個詞）globalculturalhomogenization53athingthatisnecessaryanecessity54athingthatisnewandinterestinganovelty|55athingthatisrareararity56thingsthatpeoplearenotsureaboutUncertaintiesP57aworldIanguageauniversallanguage:58friendsCompanions59relaxationrecreation60self-respectself-esteemanddignity:61resp

10、ectsb./sth.holdsb./sth.inhighregard62反義1lookdownon?treat?withcontemptdespise=(v.)63self-controlself-discipline|t64criminalConvict；65prisonerInmate66drinksalcoholicbeverages67peoplewhowalkonthestreetPedestriansr68oldgenerationsinhistoryAncestors69apersonwhobenefitsfromsthabeneficiaryofsth.70adiseaset

11、hatspreadsquicklyanepidemic（注意這個詞雖然是-ic結(jié)尾，去卩不是形容詞）71VIM1JIAIyaveryunpleasantwayoflifeMiseryadj-miserable72ataskthatrequireslotsofeffortanarduoustask73emotionsentiment74enemyopponent/Toe75narrowmindsinsularminds（狹隘的頭腦或者觀念）76awaytodosth.anapproachtodoingsth./anavenuetowardssth.77hobbypastime/diversion

12、78progressprogression（經(jīng)常指抽象的進步，比如與關于society/career/technology的話題）79failuresetback（注意作名詞的時候中間不要加空格）80importaneesignificanee（當你用了一次importanee之后，第二次不妨用這個）81dutyobligation（用于比較重要的責任）82difficultyhindrance/impediment/hurdles83pressurefromyourclassmatespeerpressure84eitizenswhocanworklaborforce/workforce（都

13、是總體概念，而且注意后面這個詞的標準寫法中間沒有空格）85problemsordiseasesthatexistforalongtimepersistentproblems/chronicdiseases86alifewithoutregularexerciseasedentarylifestyle87resultconsequenee（表示消極的結(jié)果更多一些）88thoughtseonsiderations89thelackofknowledgeignorance（注意在地道央文里，這個詞經(jīng)常并不表示“忽視”，而是表示“無知”）90harm(n.)adverseeffect91harm(vt

14、.)damagedestroy/ruin(這兩個詞比damage程度更重)spoil(后面跟thecityscape/seenery/environment)undermine(后面跟抽象概念，比女口stability/socialorder/harmony)jeopardize(后面跟抽象概念，比如onesfuture/onescareer)tarnish(后面跟onesreputation/image)sap/dampen(后面跟onesenthusiasm/interest/confidence)92派生harmful11wl1VI1111/III1Illi119detrimental(

15、adi.)93派生beharmfultoposeathreatto9411/J/v,J1111111M1badluckMisfortune95troubleadversitdilemma/predicament/hardship96-crimeoffense/criminalact9798youthcrimecriminaljuveniledelinquencyoffender/culprit/perpetrator99seriouscrimeheinouscrime/felony104105106107108109110111112113114115117118119120121122-42

16、5-126-427-428aminorcrimeshortage(of)theonlyoneplaceswhereanimalsliveHworryingverypopularTRUEdeepstrongweakhard-workingverydisappointingbegood(for)benotasgoodasbebetterthanuninterestingmanycomplicatedstrangecannotbeturnedbackproduceusefulresultspracticalmatureselfishproud-(貶義)suitablemostsuitableIone

17、lyaloneamisdemeanorscarcity(of)/dearth(of)anexceptionabitat形容詞disturbingprevalent/ubiquitousgenuine(trulyagenuinely)profound(深刻的，后面經(jīng)常跟wisdom/truths/understanding/impact/thoughts)powerful/mightyvulnerableindustrious（注意不是industrial，而diligent那個詞在美語中是個挺大的詞）Lamentable可悲的/patheticbebeneficial-(to)-=beinth

18、ebest-interests(of)beinferiortobesuperiortomundane（注意這個詞其實再美國很多時候并不是“世俗的”意思/humdrum（注意要跟可數(shù)名詞）numerousIntricateodd/bizarre/eccentric(單weird有點過于口語化了)beirreversible一Productiverealisticsophisticated（這個詞指人的時候意思是思維成熟老練的）self-centered/materialistic/ego-centricConceited=FittingOptimal-isolated/alienatedSoli

19、tary129beeasilyinflueneedbysth.besusceptibletosth.(一般是壞事情，比如adisease/attacks)130isbetterthanissuperiorto131notasgoodas?isinferiorto132bethesamebeidentical/behomogenous/beuniform（后面兩個詞比較正式，一般是說culturalglobalization的時候常用，現(xiàn)在理解為什么小幅的名詞叫schooluniforms了吧，就是讓大家都看起來一樣的衣服）133interestingstimulating134boringmo

20、notonous/repetitive135uselessRedundant136smartIntelligent137famousRenowned138positivedesirable/encouraging139happyDelighted140eniovableDelightful141canbeusedbeavailable142hardtounderstandbewildering/baffling/confusing143(laws/rules/people)notstrictLenient144healthywholesome（注意說人的健康還是要用healthy,但是如果說事

21、物有益健康，就可以用wholesome）145goodfortheenvrionmenteco-friendly(比女口Bikingisfarmoreeco-friendlythandrivingtheirSUVs.)146nervous/anxious.apprehensive147doubtsth.beskepticalaboutsth.148fairjustified149unfairunwarranted/unjustifiable150hugeenormous/massive/vast/colossal151small；tiny/miniscule（后面一般跟抽象名詞）152have

22、manydifferentabilities153befamiliarwithUDVDIDDllIlBUDVVOI1UUIIU9Ubewell-acquaintedwith154verysuccessful/oHmiroKIoDiaUnnilichprl155Appropriate1ww156157k/lvxtypicalquintessential（這個語氣非常強）厶xzee*precise/accurate158ugyUnsightly159poor-qualitysubstandard（housing/accommodation/work/goods/machines）160thepre

23、sent?thecurrent?/theexisting（比如?thecurrentfinancialcrisis/theexistingenvironmentalproblems）P161outdatedantiquated/obsolete162highly-respectedEsteemed163complete（adj.）/wholeEntire164spendalotofmoneyleadanextravagant/alavishlife165openenlightened/progressive（開明的，逐步的，經(jīng)常用來形容govern-ment或者society）166sth.m

24、ustbecarriedoutsth.iscompulsory/sth.ismandatory167withlonghistorytime-honored（后面經(jīng)常跟抽象名詞，比如tradition/practice/methods/heritage）168continuingforeverPerpetual169importantsignificantessentialvital（這二個詞的重要性依次遞增）170veryattractiveveryappealing/fascinating/171verycarefulcaptivatingCautiousM72beveryintereste

25、dinbeabsorbedin/beengrossed：173bequalifiedforinbeeligiblefor174disappointingFrustratingM75wrongErroneous176longandabitannoyingLengthy177verydifficultdaunting/formidable178beingspreadinuncontrolledwayrampant（后面經(jīng)常跟負面現(xiàn)象，比如crime,pollution或者discrimination）179cruelinhumane/merciless180fatoverweight/obese（

26、后面這個已經(jīng)胖出病了）181havingwrongopinionsskewed/biased（這兩個詞一般在IELTS媒體類話題使用，表示“有偏見的”）182includingmanythingscomprehensive（綜合的，全面的）183enoughadequate/sufficient/ample/abundant（注意這四個詞的語氣是逐漸遞增的）184toomuchExcessive185verylittleminimal（注意不是minimum）186causebadeffectscounterproductive（其實地道英文寫作里這個詞不見得和生產(chǎn)有關，只要阻止人們達到目的，

27、都可以寫它counterproductive）187strictstringent(后面一般跟laws,measures或者rules)188urgentpressing(problems)189quiettranquilandserene（美語中這兩個詞經(jīng)?？梢赃B在一起用）動詞190makesth.strongstrengthen/fortify/reinforce/consolidatesth.M91makesth.weakweaken/erode(侵蝕)192makesth.betterenhanee/better（很少看到國內(nèi)考生用better當動詞，其實在學術寫作中bettersth

28、是.挺常見的表達）193makesth.worseaggravate/exacerbatesth.194control?(anegativetrend)curb?(crime/pollution/economicrecessions)195stopCease196managesth.regulatesth./overseesth.197appearemerge/arise（后者的主語一般是抽象概念，比女口debate）go198dieoutextinetneglect/M99failtoseeoverlook200set?freerelease(prisoners/stress)201begi

29、ncommenee/initiate(后者跟抽象概念更多，比如initiatetheconflict)202narrow/bridgethegapbetweenAandB(注意這里bridge作動詞)反義widenthegapbetweenAand203beforcedtodosth.Bbecompelledtodosth.204keepcomplainingaboutsth.grumbleaboutsth.205tryhardtodosth.pursuesth.(onesgoal/onescareer/businessinterests/maximumprofit/hegemony)206d

30、osth.perform/conduct（注意這里的perform不是“表演”而是“從事”）L207donotdosth.refrainfromdoingsth.208carryoutImplement209turn?into?convert?to/into?Lw*fIIIIIIvxx210decreasedecline/dwindle（特指逐漸緩慢的減少）/dip/slip（后兩個詞用來指短促的下降）211makeacrimecommitacrime（注意作文中不要用makeacrime這樣不地道的英文）212commitacrimeagainreverttocrime（這里的crime作不

31、可數(shù)名詞）213punishPenalize214派生punishmentPenalty215spreadpropagate/disseminate（這兩個詞后面經(jīng)常跟information/ideas/belief這類名詞）216developfastflourish/thrive217develop（這里作“培養(yǎng)”的意思cultivate/foster/nurture（這三個詞后面經(jīng)常跟和教育有關的名詞，比女口aninterestinsocialissues）218相關fast-developingBurgeoning219acceptadopt（注意這個詞不是adapt適應，而是接納，采

32、納的意思）220buildConstruct221gathergarner，但這個詞只能用在很正式的意思，而且略有貶義，比女口garnerfunding,garnersupportdurinqtheUNclimateconferenceatCopenhagen222measuregauge,比measure稍正式一點223teachsth.impartsth./inculcatesth.（注意如果teach后面是人則不要替換）224startinitiate多用于政府類話題225supportespouse，后面跟某種重要的事業(yè)，類似的還有動詞champion（作動詞不是冠軍的意思了）和動詞s

33、anction（它作名詞則變成了制裁）226praisecompliment/extol（后面這個語氣很強）227supportLbuttress/bolster228prove/confirmVerify229creategenerate（一般是大規(guī)模的產(chǎn)生，比如generateemploymentopportunities/generatetaxrevenue/electricity）breed（一般是產(chǎn)生消極的東西，比如conflict/crime/resentment）spawn（般是產(chǎn)生新事物，比如spawninventions/innovations）230useutilize/e

34、xploit：231use?againRecyclep232workhardworkassiduously233getacquire(注意acquire/gainknowledge比learnknowledge在地道英文中更加常見)234considercontemplate/reflecton/ponder235meetencounter，多用于政府，文化或者success這樣偏大一些的話題236providesth.affordsth.（在正式英文寫作中，afford經(jīng)?？梢员硎尽疤峁?37needrequire（注意主語如果是人稱則一般還需要使用need，但如果主語是事物，則可以改用r

35、equire）238likesth.verymuchhaveanaffinityforsth./haveastrongattachmenttosth.239beunhappyaboutcomplainabout(v.)/bediscontendedwith(adj.)240askforRequest241raiseelevate,就是正式版的raise，但只是“提高”而不能表示撫養(yǎng)小孩的意思242looklikesth.resemblesth.243treat?poorlymistreat?/abuse?2441IJconsidersth.valuablevaluesth./treasures

36、th./cherishsth.245keepmaintain/preserve(這個詞后面經(jīng)常跟traditions/culturalheritage/wildanimals/naturalresources等)246mix?togetherblend/combine/synthesize247solvetackle/combat/address248noticeDiscern249understand?tomacr*O/KqOinterpret?as（?很多時候這個詞并不是口譯，而是把？理解為？）25011IC90IIk:/LUUrS:choosesth./chooseto1rlcu+hop

37、tforsth./opttodosth.251UUoil1.achievefulfill(onesdream/onesgoal/onespotential/onesobligation/onespromise/onestask)252appearinlargesproutup/mushroom253numbersmake?lessseriousrelieve/ease/alleviate(作文中經(jīng)常用到的搭配有relievestress/alleviatepoverty/easethetrafficcongestion等)254pay?for(onesloss)compensate?for?2

38、55pay?for(oneseffort)reward?for?256makesth.fasteracceleratesth./speedupsth.257joinparticipatein258outweightprevailover（大家應該已經(jīng)注意到了，新托福議論文的題目中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)outweight這個詞用來比較事物的重要性或者利弊，在作文中最好不要重復考題中出現(xiàn)過的特征詞匯）259contributetopromote/facilitate（這兩個詞都是及物動詞，所以不需要跟to）260preventthedevelopmentof?hinder/impede/inhibit/obst

39、ruct?261findoutidentify262encouragesb.to?motivatesb.to,263likesth.verymuchadoresth.264dislikesth.verymuchabhor/detest/loathe265hateresent/holdagrudgeagainst266limitrestrict/constrain267avoidbypass/eschew/shun268isnotlimitedto?isnotrestrictedto?/isnotconfined(經(jīng)to常用來描述一個trend不僅限于某個范圍)269besosurprisedb

40、eastonished/beastounded/bestartled|270decideDetermine271moveto?relocateto?/havebeenrelocatedto?272comefrom?originatefrom/in?273improveboost/enhanee(比如boostsolidarity增進團結(jié)/enhanceproductivity提高生產(chǎn)率)use?274wastelavishly275attackassail（語氣更強烈）276reducecurtail（多用于政府投資類話題）/diminish（多用于文化類或者發(fā)展類中的抽象話題）(277inc

41、reaseaugment（多用于政府投資類話題）278helpAssist279help(n.)Assistanee280setupEstablish281trytodosth.attempttodosth.282tryhardtodosth.makeastrenuous/anarduous/apainstakingefforttodosth.283changeAlter284change?alotfundamentallychange?/radicallychange?/transform?285solveaddress/combat286correct(vt.)rectify(amista

42、ke)287takedowndemolish/raze（談到拆老建筑的時候常用）288Obeyabideby/complywith/conformto(后面跟thelaw/rules/regulations等)289Banban?altogether/strictlyprohibit?290criticizecondemn/denounce（這兩個詞一般用于政府類話題，但不要用在教育類）291increaseshowanupwardtrend/beontherise反義：showadownwardtrend292dependonhingeon=becontingenton(意思是：取決于?)2

43、93dependonrelyon（意思是：依靠?）mitoneselftodoingsth./strivetodosth./doonesutmosttodosth./sparenoefforttodosth.296useupexhaust(energy/resources)/stretch(resources)tothelimit297reportthedetailsofsth.reportsth.Ingraphicdetail298preventsb.fromfocusingon?distractsb.from?299spendAonBdedicateAtoB300usetoomuch?st

44、retch?tothelimit/putastrainon?301pourdischarge(排放，環(huán)境類話題常用，比如dischargechemicalwasteintorivers,streamsandlakes)L302getusedtogetaccustomedto303dieoutgoextinet304continuetoexistPersist305comewith?beattendedby/beaccompaniedby?306broadenoneshorizons(IJrJexpandonesoutlook/enlargeonesvision)roadenoneshorizo

45、ns這個句型已經(jīng)被考生使用過多慘遭貶值)307breakthelawviolatethelaw308putsbInprisonincarceratesb309makelawsagainstlegislateagainst?310相關lawlegislation（名詞，注意law在特指具體的法律時可以用復數(shù)，但是legislation不能用復數(shù)）311makesth.activestimulate（后面經(jīng)常跟imagination/creativity/interest/economicgrowth等詞匯）312makeonesdreamcometruefulfillonespotential/

46、attainonesgoal313havetherighttodosth.beentitledtodosth.314leadtochangeinactasacatalystforchangein?adhereto/315sticktoclingto（注意后面這個有時候略帶貶義）316dealwiththeneedmeetthedemand/satisfytheneed317take?awayfromsb.deprivesb.of（?省略號中可以填入freedom/leisuretime/therightto等值得擁有的內(nèi)容）318givesb.theabilitytoenablesb.to：3

47、19getaclearideaofgetaclearperspectiveof320belostgoastray（作文中如果寫青少年“誤入歧途”，就不要再寫getlost）321spendtoomuchtimeonbeaddictedto/bepreoccupiedwith/beobsessedwith（這三個詞組的語氣越來越強）322preparefor?pavethewayfor?/laythegroundworkforasolidfoundationfor（為？打好基礎）323breakthebalaneeupsetthebalanee324balaneeAandBstrikeabala

48、ncebetweenAandB在（A和B之間爭取一種平衡）325catchcaptureof?asregard?as/view?as/perceive?as327getridofeliminate/removeJf328getridofabolish（多用于政府類話題，廢除）329make?higherdriveup（后面經(jīng)常跟thecrimerate/unemploymentrate）1J/副詞330moreandmore+adj.Increasingly+adj.但要注意如果后面不是adj.而是noun,那么就可以用anincreasingnumberof（跟可數(shù)名詞）/anincreas

49、ingamountof（跟不可數(shù)名詞）來代替331mainlyprimarily/principally/chiefly326think/lay332Intheolddays,?Traditionally,?/Historically,?333nowcurrently334Actually,?Technically,（嚴格來說它的意思并不是“事實上”，但在學術寫作中它是一個表示“精確地說”非常幫的詞語）335verysoonimmediately336notoftenatallrarely337completelyentirely338dosth.withoutcarefulthoughtdo

50、sth.Impulsively339blindlyindiscriminately（不加選擇的）/mechanically（機械的）340onlymerely（注意只有alittle/abit后面跟形容詞的時候才可以這樣替換）341alittle/abitsomewhat（注意只有alittle/abit后面跟形容詞的時候才可以這樣替換）342mainlyprimarily/principally/chiefly短語或句型343aboutregarding/concerning/withrespectto/withregardto344before?priorto?345afewahandfulof（請注意僅指少數(shù)時acoupleof容易被挑剔的考官判為過于口語化）346Although?,therealsituationis?Hypothetically,?/Theoretically,?/InthIdeally,.宀Butinreality,?/Butinactuality,Butinpractice,?（Ideally指“理想化地說）347Mostyoungpeople?Youngpeopletendto?=Youngpeopletypically（tendto和typically都是表示某一類人多半會怎樣做的常用表達）348needs