段落寫作之段落的展開講解課件

1、寫作點撥系列（四） 段落寫作之段落的展開【核心點撥】 段落的發(fā)展技巧較常用的有以下幾種：按時間順序展開、按空間順序展開、按過程展開、舉例等。 1. 按時間順序展開 在敘述一個故事或者一系列事件時，通常按事件發(fā)生的先后順序排列句子。在說明文中敘述做一件事應該遵循的程序或步驟時，也常用時間順序法。 常用銜接詞和短語 首環(huán)節(jié):first, at first, first of all, in the first place, to begin with等。 中間環(huán)節(jié):second, secondly, in the second place, next, afterwards, after that

2、, then, later, another, third, thirdly, still another, in addition, besides, furthermore等。 末環(huán)節(jié):lastly, at last, finally, eventually, in the end 等。 2. 按空間順序展開 空間順序指按物體的空間位置（自左至右，由近到遠，由上至下，由下到上，由里到外，由外到里，由中間到兩邊等順序）來展開段落。 常用的銜接詞和短語 be situated/located in/on/at, be surrounded by, next to, to the east/so

3、uth/west/north of, close to, from. . . to. . . , above, over, under, below, between, across, opposite等。 3. 按過程展開 描述涉及多個步驟，應該按照過程的發(fā)展順序把這些步驟交代清楚，在這一類文章里常常用祈使句和不定代詞“你”來表達。 描述過程的常用銜接詞和短語 （1）Firstly. . . Secondly. . . Thirdly. . . Finally. . . （2）First, Then, Next, After this, Lastly. . . （3）Afterwards,

4、Furthermore, Moreover, In addition to. . . 4. 舉例 舉例法是一種常見的展開段落的方法，它用典型、具體而生動的事例來證明、闡述一個觀點，支持主題句，使段落主題句具體化，使文章通俗易懂。但是，段落中必須精選例子，要做到恰如其分、準確地說明問題。 舉例法常用的銜接詞 （1）介詞短語：for example, for instance, by way of examples等。 （2）形容詞短語：such as, such. . . as. . . 等。 （3）副詞：as等。 （4）動詞短語：take an example, take. . . for e

5、xample, draw an example等。【對點訓練】下面有五篇短文，在段落的展開方面各有側重，請補全句子并標明屬于哪類情況的展開技巧。 1. I was far too happy that we made an appointment to visit Beijing together _（下周末）. How I appreciate the opportunity to be your guide in Beijing! But Im afraid well have to make it _（下次）, because Ill be meeting my uncle at the

6、 airport. He is on business from Australia, and will be home _（僅有兩天）. Its a rare chance for our family to get reunited since he left home ten years ago. Ihope youll forgive me for not keeping my word. If its convenientnext weekendanother timefor only two daysfor you, we can make it _（下下個周末）, or you

7、may make the choice, OK? ( ) 2. As a matter of fact, therere many ways for us to deal with our mental problems. _（首先）, we can turn to our teachers for help, including our psychology teacher. _（其次）, communication is of vital importance. When we have a talk or discussion about our problems with our fr

8、iends or classmates, we can feel greatly relieved. _（最后但同樣重要的）, we need to develop a positive attitude towards our studies and our life. Wearing a smile is not only a sign of friendliness butalso a cure for bad feelings. ( )the weekend after nextFirst of allSecondLast but not least 3. Australia _（坐落

9、在太平洋的西部）. It covers an area of 7-6 million square kilometers. It has a small population of over 10 million. _（多數人靠海生活在這個國家的東部）. Canberra, the capital of Australia, is a beautiful city. Sydney is one of the biggest cities in Australia. It has many places of interest. The Opera House is famous through

10、out the world. ( )lies on the west of the Pacific OceanMost of them live inthe east of the country by the sea 4. Some high school graduates see a year off as a chance to recover after twelve years of required education, but it can also give students a chance to explore their interests. Students hopi

11、ngto be doctors, _（例如）, could learn about the profession by volunteering in a hospital. ( )for example 5. Do you want to live in a beautiful world? So it is our obligation to maintain the ecological balance. To fulfill this task, we should bear the following ecological codes in mind. _ _（首先堅持步行去學校的習慣）, and we should eat at least five kinds of fruits and vegetables a day. Its also important to recycle everything recyclable and cherish our schools environment by picking up any litter and turning off the taps and lights. _ （讓