2019高考英語閱讀理解(文學藝術(shù)音樂)(含解析)

1、 文學、藝術(shù)、音樂）李仕才導(dǎo)讀：一位美國早期的作家曾經(jīng)說過：“美國人對音樂藝術(shù)幾乎是相當無知。你認可這種觀點嗎？美國人究竟有哪些音樂愛好呢？AmericanMusicStylesJamesFenimoreCooper,anearlyAmericanwriter,oncesaid,TheAmericansarealmostignorantoftheartofmusic.Ifthatwasoncetrue,youwouldneverknowittoday.MostAmericanseventhosewithoutamusicalboneintheirbodieshaveafavoritestyle

2、ofmusic.Manypeopleenjoyclassicalandfolkmusicfromaroundtheworld.ButotherpopularmusicstylesinAmericaweremadeintheU.S.A.CountryandwesternmusicliesclosetotheheartofmanyAmericans.ThisstydriginatedamongcountryfolksinthesouthernandwesternUnitedStates.Countrymusictellsdown-to-earthstoriesaboutloveandlifesha

3、rdships.Guitars,banjosandviolinsgivecountrymusicitscharacteristicsound.ThehomeofcountrymusicisNashville,TennesseeMusicCityU.S.A.Jazzmusic,developedbyAfrican-Americansinthelate1800s,allowsperformerstofreelyexpresstheiremotionsandmusicalskill.Insteadofjustplayingthemelody,jazzmusiciansimprovisediffere

4、nttunes.Thepeakofjazzmusiccameinthe1920s.ThisperiodproducedmusicianslikeLouisArmstrong,BennyGoodmanandDukeEllington.Differentstylesofjazzdevelopedindifferentcities,suchasNewOrleans,Chicago,NewYorkandKansasCity.The1950ssawthedevelopmentofanexplosivenewmusicstyle:rocknroll.Thispowerfulmusicstyleaddres

5、sesissueslikelove,sex,drugs,politicsanddeath.Oftenitrebelsagainsttheacceptedvaluesofsociety.Rockconcerts,featuringloudmusicandsometimesweirdstageacts,havebecomeamajorpartofAmericanyouthculture.Musicvideosontelevisionhavespreadthemessageofrocktothefarcornersoftheglobe.Andthebeatgoeson.Popmusicreprese

6、ntspopularstylesthathavewideappeal.Goldenoldiesfromthepastbringbackpleasantmemoriesformany.Rapmusic,whichburstontothemusicsceneinthe1970s,isactuallymorelikearhymingchant.Rappersgiveastrong-sometimesvulgar-messageaboutlifeinthestreets.Americanshavealwaysbeenareligiouspeople,andmusichaslongbeenapartof

7、theirreligiousexperience,aswell.TodaysChrstianstylesfitallmusicaltastesfromcountrytojazztopoptorocktorap.InAmerica,musicisasharedexperience.Peoplegrowupwithpianolessons,chorusclassesandmarchingbandpractices.Theycantalkabouttheirtastesinmusicwhentheiiffintanythingelsetotalkabout.IfJamesFenimoreCooper

8、wereheretoday,hewouldsurelyhavetochangehistune.美國的音樂風格詹姆斯費尼莫爾庫柏，一位美國早期的作家，曾經(jīng)說過：“美國人對音樂藝術(shù)幾乎是相當無知?！比绻@句話曾經(jīng)是事實，今天就絕對不是你所知道的樣子了。大部份的美國人一一甚至那些根本沒有音樂細胞的人都有自己喜愛的音樂類型。很多人喜歡來自世界各地的古典音樂和民間音樂。但是美國其他的流行音樂則是土生土長的。在美國，鄉(xiāng)村和西部音樂深入人心。這種音樂風格是從美國南部和西部的鄉(xiāng)村音樂發(fā)展而來的。鄉(xiāng)村音樂講述的是平實的愛情故事和生活的艱辛。吉他、五弦琴和小提琴賦予了鄉(xiāng)村音樂特有的音色。美國鄉(xiāng)村音樂的故鄉(xiāng)是位于田

9、納西州的那什維爾市，它號稱美國音樂之城。爵士樂，是在19世紀晚期由非裔美國人創(chuàng)造的，這種音樂可以讓演奏者自由宣泄自己的情緒、表現(xiàn)自己的音樂技巧。爵士樂手們不僅演奏樂曲，也可以即興創(chuàng)作不同的曲調(diào)。20世紀20年代，爵士樂進入了巔峰時期。這個時期造就了路易斯阿姆斯特朗、古德曼和埃林頓這樣的杰出樂手。不同城市孕育了不同風格的爵士樂，比如新奧爾良、芝加哥、紐約和堪薩斯市。20世紀50年代見證了一種爆炸性的音樂類型的發(fā)展，這就是搖滾樂。這種音樂極具震撼力，涉及的是諸如愛情、性、毒品、政治和死亡之類的話題。它經(jīng)常叛離世人接受的社會價值觀念。搖滾音樂會憑借其高昂的樂聲和怪異的舞臺表演已經(jīng)成為美國年輕人的主流

10、文化之一。搖滾音樂的視頻也通過電視傳播到了世界偏遠的角落。音樂的節(jié)拍一直在前進。流行音樂代表了流行的風格深受大眾喜愛。逝去的歲月留給我們的“黃金老歌”帶領(lǐng)很多人重溫昔日的美好回憶。嘻哈音樂，于20世紀70年代迅速躋身音樂舞臺，它實際就像一種押韻的說唱。嘻哈樂手表達的是強烈的、有時甚至是粗俗的街頭生活。美國人一直是信奉宗教的民族，因此音樂也是他們宗教體驗的一部分。如今的基督教音樂可以滿足人們不同的音樂品味鄉(xiāng)村音樂、爵士樂、流行音樂、搖滾樂、嘻哈音樂無不包含其中。在美國，音樂是一種可以與人分享的體驗。人們在鋼琴課、合唱隊和游行樂隊的練習中成長起來。當無話可談的時候，他們就可以聊一聊自己的音樂愛好。

11、如果今天費尼莫爾庫柏還在人世，他肯定得更正自己的論調(diào)了。【重點單詞】ignorantgn(e)r(e)ntadj.無知的；愚昧的originateerdsnet;n-vt.弓起；倉M乍banjobndgson.班卓琴；五弦琴improvisemprsvazvt.即興創(chuàng)作；即興表演weirdwedadj.怪異的；不可思議的chanttJantn.圣歌；贊美詩vulgarvAlgsadj.粗俗的；通俗的【重點短語/亮點句式】insteadof代替；而不是。這是一個復(fù)合介詞，后跟名詞、代詞或者動名詞作賓語。如：Whydontyouplayfootballinsteadofjustlookingon?

12、你為什么不參加踢足球而只是看熱鬧？suchas比如；諸如。這個短語用來表示不完全列舉。如：HeroessuchasHuangJiguangwillalwaysliveintheheartsofthepeople.像黃繼光這樣的英雄人物，將永遠活在人民的心里。Ilikedrinkssuchasteaandsoda.我喜歡諸如茶和汽水之類的飲料。The1950ssawthedevelopmentofanexplosivenewmusicstyle:rocknroll.20世紀50年代見證了一種爆炸性的音樂類型的發(fā)展，這就是搖滾樂。動詞see作“經(jīng)歷；見證”講時，主語通常是某個時間或者地點，并且通常

13、不用進行時態(tài)。如：Thecityhasseenplentyofviolenceovertheyears.近年本市發(fā)生多起暴力事件。Thecountryseesadecreaseinpopulation.這個國家人口數(shù)出現(xiàn)了下降。IfJamesFenimoreCooperwereheretoday,hewouldsurelyhavetochangehistune.如果今天費尼莫爾庫柏還在人世，他肯定得更正自己的論調(diào)了。這個主從復(fù)合句中使用了虛擬語氣。表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反，if從句中的動詞用用過去時過去時(Be動詞用were),主句中的動詞用should/would/could/might+do。如

14、：IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeanumbrella.如果我是你，我會帶把傘。（事實：我不可能是你）IfIknewhistelephonenumber,Iwouldtellyou.如果我知道他的電話號碼，我就會告訴你。（事實：不知道）練習1.Maryisilltoday.Ifshesheabsentfromschool.A.werenotill，wouldntbeB.hadbeenill，wouldnthavebeenC.hadbeenill，shouldhavebeenD.hadntbeenill，couldbe2.Howmanymusicstylesarementionedin

15、thepassage?Whatarethey?答案i-丸考查虛擬語氣。表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反，證從句中的動詞用用過去時過去時陽亡動詞用主句中的動詞用shciild-ouldcouldmight-do；所以_答親拘A-?Six.Theyar七roimtryar-dwesternmusic,jzzmusic,rack_iTroll,popmu5i,rapmuiicandChristianmusic.話龜解讀”文學、藝術(shù)、音樂”是高中新課標話題之一。該話題主要包括各種文學類型、藝術(shù)形式、文化名人以及藝術(shù)家等方面?！蔽膶W與藝術(shù)”這個話題與我們的實際生活密切相關(guān)，對于學生了解國內(nèi)外的文學與藝術(shù)形式，還有它們

16、的特點、歷史、發(fā)展與創(chuàng)新等都有幫助。該話題能夠引導(dǎo)學生接受和尊重不同國家和民族的文學及藝術(shù)，并親身感受文學與藝術(shù)的魅力?！蔽膶W、藝術(shù)、音樂”話題是近幾年的高考英語必考話題之一，而且常以閱讀理解、完形填空、七選五以及書面表達的形式來考查，例如2017年新課標卷II書面表達，2017年江蘇卷閱讀理解A篇，2017年浙江卷閱讀理解A篇閱，2016年全國卷II書面表達；2015年全國卷I閱讀理解C篇；2015年重慶卷閱讀理解E篇；2014年新課標全國卷I閱讀理解D篇；2012年天津卷書面表達；2011年山東卷完形填空等。相關(guān)詞匯】話1.instrumentPnstrumentn.樂器2.folkfsu

17、kadj.民間的題3.applauseeplo：zn.鼓掌歡迎4.musicianmju；zi（9）nn.音樂單家詞5.concertkonstn.音樂會6.performpsfo：mv.表演7.performancepefomensn.表演8.classicalkl氏sk(e)ladj.古典的9.influencenfloensvt.影響10.recordlreko：dvt.&vi.錄音；紀錄n.記錄；唱片11.relaxedrll氏kstadj.放松的12.depresseddlpresadj.壓抑的13.interpretnt3：pritv.解釋；說明14.honouronv.尊敬；敬重

18、15.presentprez(e)ntv.贈送；頒發(fā)16.collectionkelekRe)nn.收藏17.earn3：nvt.賺錢，獲得，博得18.hithitn.成功19.appreciateeprijfeitv.欣賞20.attractiveetr氏ktvadj.吸弓人的話1.makecontactwith與進行來往2.allofasudden突然題3.givelifeto賦予生命(生命力，活力)4.dancetothemusic伴著音樂跳短彳11E舞語5.(be)trueof/for與情況相冋6.dependon依靠，依賴7.(be)thesamewith與情況相同8.drawupo

19、n利用，憑借，依賴,臨近9.giveconcerts舉辦音樂會10.inadditionto除此之外；還有11.sharefeelingsandideaswith與分享感受與想法12.takeadvantageof利用13.tryout嘗試14.beblessedwith有幸eout出版16.playjokesonsb.在某人身上開玩笑17.baseon/upon基于，以為根據(jù)18.breakupvt.&vi.分解，分開；破碎，解體話題1.ShegraduatedfromtheShanghaiConservatoryofMusic,whereshealsostudiedtheguzhengin

20、1993.她畢業(yè)于上海音樂學院，1993年她還在那里學習彈奏古箏。句子2.1tsthesamewithclassicalChinesemusic.中國古典音樂也是一樣。Themomenttheystarttoplay，itisclearthemembersofTwelveGirlsBandareamongthemostgiftedmusiciansintheworld.她們一開始演奏，就立刻證明了女子十二樂坊的成員是世界上最有天賦的音樂家。Inadditiontotheawardsthemselves,therearealsoperformancesbyfamousartistsatthece

21、remony.除了大獎本身以外，頒獎典禮上還有著名藝術(shù)家的表演。Therefore，theGrammysarenottakenseriouslybysomemusiciansormusicfans.因此，格萊美并不為某些音樂家或音樂迷看重。Songsthatarespokenratherthansungarecalledrap.采用近乎念白方式而不是唱的歌曲被叫做繞舌歌。AswellasattractinghugeaudiencesinitsHongKonghome,Cantopophaspreadoffshore,anditsstarsareknowninBeijing,LondonandN

22、ewYork.粵語流行音樂不僅僅吸引了香港本地的大量聽眾，而且傳到海外的其他國家，香港的歌星在北京、倫敦和紐約都很有名。Mymessageisthatitdoesntmatterifyoureblack,white,fat,thin,oldandyoungwereallthesame,itsagreatworldandyoucandosomethingwithyourlife.我想告訴大家的是不管你是黑人還是白人，肥胖還是瘦小，年長還是年幼，這些都不重要一一我們都是一樣的，這是一個美妙的世界，你可以在有生之年做些事情?！遍喿x理解閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

23、A（2017浙江卷）BenjaminWest,thefatherofAmericanpainting,showedhistalentforartwhenhewasonlysixyearsofage.Buthedidnotknowaboutbrushesbeforeavisitortoldhimheneededone.Inthosedays,abrushwasmadefromcamelshair.Therewerenocamelsnearby.Benjamindecidedthatcathairwouldworkinstead.Hecutsomefurfromthefamilycattomake

24、abrush.Thebrushdidnotlastlong.SoonBenjaminneededmorefur.Beforelong,thecatbegantolookragged（蓬亂）.Hisfathersaidthatthecatmustbesick.Benjaminwasforcedtoadmitwhathehadbeendoing.Thecatslotwasabouttoimprove.Thatyear,oneofBenjaminscousins,Mr.Penningtn,cametovisit.HewasimpressedwithBenjaminsdrawings.Whenhewe

25、nthome,hesentBenjaminaboxofpaintandsomebrushes.Healsosentsixengravings（版畫）byanartist.ThesewerethefirstpicturesandfirstrealpaintandbrushesBenjaminhadeverseen.In1747,whenBenjaminwasnineyearsold,Mr.Penningtonreturnedforanothervisit.HewasamazedatwhatBenjaminhaddonewithhisgift.HeaskedBenjaminsparentsifhe

26、mighttaketheboytoPhiladelphiaforavisit.Inthecity,Mr.PenningtongaveBenjaminmaterialsforcreatingoilpaintings.Theboybeganalandscape（風景）painting.WilliamWilliams,awell-knownpainter,cametoseehimwork.WilliamswasimpressedwithBenjaminandgavehimtwoclassicbooksonpaintingtotakehome.Thebookswerelonganddull.Benja

27、mincouldreadonlyalittle,havingbeenapoorstudent.Buthelatersaid,Thosetwobooksweremycompanionsbyday,andundermypillowatnight.Whileitislikelythatheunderstoodverylittleofthebooks,theywerehisintroductiontoclassicalpaintings.Thenine-year-oldboydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?Benjam

28、insvisittoPhiladelphia.WilliamsinfluenceonBenjamin.ThebeginningofBenjaminslifeasanartist.ThefriendshipbetweenBenjaminandPennington.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph3suggest?Thecatwouldbecloselywatched.Thecatwouldgetsomemedicalcare.Benjaminwouldleavehishomeshortly.Benjaminwouldhaverealbrushess

29、oon.WhatdidPenningtondotohelpBenjamindevelophistalent?Hetookhimtoseepaintingexhibitions.Heprovidedhimwithpaintingmaterials.HesenthimtoaschoolinPhiladelphia.Hetaughthimhowtomakeengravings.WilliamstwobookshelpedBenjaminto.mastertheuseofpaintsappreciatelandscapepaintingsgettoknowotherpaintersmakeuphism

30、indtobeapainterB（2017年新課標卷II）Inthecomingmonths,wearebringingtogetherartistsfromallovertheglobe,toenjoyspeakingShakespearesplaysintheirownlanguage,inourglobe,withinthearchitectureShakespearewrotefor.pleasecomeandjoinus.NationalTheatreOfChinaBeijing|ChineseThisgreatoccasion（盛會）willbethenationalTheatre

31、ofChinasfirstvisittotheUK.Thecompanysproductionsshowthenewfaceof21stcenturyChinesetheatre.ThisproductionofShakespearesRichardIIIwillbedirectedbytheNationalsAssociateDirector,WangXiaoying.Date&Time:Saturday28April,2.30pm&Sunday29April,1.30pm&6.30pmMarjanishviliTheatreTbilisiGeorgianOneofthemostfamous

32、theatresinGeorgia,theMarjanishvili,foundedin1928,appearsregularlyattheatrefestivalsallovertheworld.ThisnewproductionofAsYouLikeItishelmed（扌旨導(dǎo)）bythecompanysArtisticDirectorLevanTsuladze.Date&Time:Friday18May,2.30pm&Saturday19May,7.30pmDeafinitelyTheatreLondon|BritishSignLanguage（BSL）Bytranslatingther

33、ichandhumouroustextofLovesLaboursLostintothephysicallanguageofBSL,DeafinitelyTheatrecreatesanewinterpretationofShakespearescomedyandaimstobuildabridgebetweendeafandhearingworldsbyperformingtobothgroupsasoneaudience.Date&Time:Tueaday22May,2.30pm&Wednesday23May,7.30pmHabimaNationalTheatreTelAviv|Hebre

34、wTheHabimaisthecentreofHebrew-languagetheatreworldwide,FoundedinMoscowafterthe1905revolution,thecompanyeventuallysettledinTelAvivinthelate1920s,Since1958,theyhavebeenrecognizedasthenationaltheatreofIsrael.ThisproductionofShakespearesTheMerchantofVenicemarkstheirfirstvisittotheUK.Date&Time:Monday28Ma

35、y,7.30&Tuesday29May,7.30pmwhichplaywillbeperformedbytheNationalTheatreofChina?A.RichardIII.B.LoversLaboursLost.C.AsYouLikeIt.D.ThemerchantofVenice.WhatisspecialaboutDeafinnitelyTheatre?A.Ithastwogroupsofactors.B.ItistheleadingtheatreinLondon.C.ItperformsplaysinBSL.D.Itisgoodatproducingcomedies.Whenc

36、anyouseeaplayinHebrew?OnSaturday28Apil.OnSunday29April.OnTuesday22May.OnTuesday29May.SalvadorDali(1904-1989)wasoneofthemostpopularofmodernartists.ThePompidouCentreinParisisshowingitsrespectandadmirationfortheartistandhispowerfulpersonalitywithanexhibitionbringingtogetherover200paintings,sculptures,d

37、rawingsandmore.Amongtheworksandmasterworksonexhibitionthevisitorwillfindthebestpieces,mostimportantThePersistenceofMemory.ThereisalsoLEnigmesansFinfrom1938,worksonpaper,objects,andprojectsforstageandscreenandselectedpartsfromtelevisionprogrammesreflectingtheartistsshowmanqualities.Thevisitorwillente

38、rtheWorldofDalithroughaneggandismetwiththebeginning,theworldofbirth.Theexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubjectwiththevisitorexitingthroughthebrain.TheexhibitionshowshowDalidrawstheviewerbetweentwoinfinities(無限).Fromtheinfinitysmalltotheinfinitylarge,contractionandexpansioncominginandoutoffocus:amazin

39、gFlemishaccuracyandtheshowyBaroqueofoldpaintingthatheusedinhismuseum-theatreinFigueras,explainsthePompidouCentre.Thefineselectionofthemajorworkswasdoneinclosecollaboration（合作）withtheMuseoNacionalReinaSofiainMadrid,Spain,andwithcontributionsfromotherinstitutionsliketheSalvadorDaliMuseuminSt.Petersbur

40、g.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeDaliaccordingtoParagraph1?Optimistic.B.Productive.C.Generous.D.Traditional.WhatisDalisThePersistenceofMemoryconsideredtobe?Oneofhismasterworks.Asuccessfulscreenadaptation.Anartisticcreationforthestage.OneofthebeatTVprogrammes.HowaretheexhibitsarrangedattheWorldofDali

41、?A.Bypopularity.B.Byimportance.C.Bysizeandshape.D.Bytimeandsubject.Whatdoesthewordcontributionsinthelastparagraphreferto?A.Artworks.B.Projects.C.Donations.D.Documents.DBelgiumisthelandofmusicfestivals.Therearerock,pop,world,electronicmusicfestivalsandmore,soyouresuretofindafestivalthatsuitsyourtaste

42、.GroezrockGroezrockcouldbeconsideredtheopenerofthefestivalseasoninBelgium.Thisfestivalgrewfromasmalleventtoaninternationalfestivalthathad33,000visitorsin2016.Ifyoureintotheharderstuff（東西），thisiswhereyouneedtogo.When?April29-30,2017.Where?Meerhout.Music?Punk,emo,skaandrockinallitsvariatioFnrse.e?No.S

43、finksMixedSfinksisaworldmusicfestivalthatfocusesonbringingculturetogether.Therearealsoplentyofthingstodobesideswatchingtheperformances.Goodtoknowforfamilies:Sfinksisakid-friendlyfestival,withworkshops,storytellingandperformancesaimedatchildren.When?July27-30,2017.Where?Boechout.Music?World.Free?Thef

44、estivalisfree;thecampingisnot.GraspopMetalMeetingIfGroezrockdoesntseemroughenoughtoyou,GraspopMetalMeetingmight.Asthenamesays,thisfestivalisallaboutmetal,rockandpunk.In2016thefestivalreceived140,000visitorswhocametowatchthemorethan100bandsperforming.When?June16-1&2017.Where?Dessel.Music?Metal.Free?N

45、o.GenkonStageGenkonStageisapopmusicalwithnotonlyalotofBelgianartists,butalsosomeinternationalnames.80,000peopleattendedGenkonStagein2016.When?June23-25,2017.Where?Genk.Music?Pop.Free?Yes.WhichmaykickoffthefestivalseasoninBelgium?A.Groezrock.B.SfinksMixed.C.GraspopMetalMeeting.D.GenkonStage.Whatdowek

46、nowaboutSfinksMixed?Itenjoysworldwidepopularity.Itsmainlytargetedatkids.Itcombinesfunwithculture.Itfeaturescertaintypesofmusic.Wherearecrazymetalmusicenthusiastsmostlikelytogo?A.Meerhout.B.Boechout.C.Genk.Dessel.礬案解析A【文章大意】本文屬于記敘文，主要講了美國繪畫之父Benjamin在決定要成為一名畫家之前的經(jīng)歷。C【解析】主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了美國繪畫之父Benjamin在成為

47、一名畫家之前的生活經(jīng)歷，并介紹了Pennington對Benjamin在繪畫道路上的一些幫助，故選C。D【解析】句意猜測題。根據(jù)第三段Thesew曲th亡fif就firstrealpiintandBe-njammhadeverseen可知瑪如11在翦完貓的毛做刷子之后，就很快有了真正的刷子，故選DB解析】細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)最后一段9,Nir.Peimingtongavemalarial耳farcreatingoilptimings可知PeimilLgtm為了幫ftBenjamin培養(yǎng)繪畫天賦，給他提供了一些繪畫材料，故選氏D【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Whileitislikelythatheunderstoodverylittleofthebooks,theywerehisintroductiontoclassicalpaintings.Thenine-year-oldboydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist可知：這兩本書幫助Benjamin堅定了自己成為一名畫家的決心，故選D。B【文章大意】本文是一篇與音樂劇有關(guān)的應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了莎士比亞的戲劇被翻譯成幾個國家的語言，并將在這些國家的大劇院上映的有關(guān)情況。A【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Thisgreatocc