中考英語(yǔ)閱讀解題技巧 課件(共33張PPT)

1、中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解解題技巧Whats the feeling on their faces?1. Twelve students in a big city sold vegetables at a local market together. Within 12 days, theymade more than 1,500 yuan.(2018. 武漢)2. When it comes to shopping for clothes, my mother and I have always disagreed on what fits me well.(2018. 荊州)3. When you

2、 fear, you may lose control over your thoughts and actions.(2018. 宜昌)4.For several years after I started learning. I wasoften afraid of talking with others in English because I didnt want to make mistakes.(2018 襄陽(yáng))讀者與作者產(chǎn)生共鳴細(xì)節(jié)理解推理判斷猜測(cè)詞義主旨大意15%10%10%55%閱讀理解考點(diǎn)所占比例襄陽(yáng)中考（3篇）主旨大意型事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)型 詞 義 猜 測(cè) 型命 題 類閱讀理解命題

3、特點(diǎn)：推 理 判 斷 型一:主旨大意題1)What does the writer mainly tell us? 2)Whats the main idea of this text?3)Which of the following best expresses the main idea?4)What does the story tell us ?5)Whats the best title for this passage?6)The best title of the story should be _.主旨大意題的常見的提問(wèn)形式:Main Idea/Best TitleHow to

4、 find the main idea of a passageSometimes the first sentence of a passage is the topic sentenceSometimes the last sentence is the topic sentenceSometimes the topic sentence is in the middle of a passageSometimes you have to put several key sentences together to get the main ideaSometimes you cant fi

5、nd the topic sentence in the passage. You have to sum it up yourself.Passage 1Some students prefer a strict teacher who tells them exactly what to do. Others prefer to be left to work on their own. Still others like a democratic discussion type of class. No teaching method can be given to satisfy al

6、l students at the same time. （2）主題句出現(xiàn)在段尾。作者先擺出事實(shí)依據(jù), 層層推理論證, 最后自然得出結(jié)論, 即段落的主題。本段的中心思想在結(jié)尾句得到體現(xiàn),它是此段內(nèi)容的結(jié)論。 應(yīng)試技巧 如何尋找主題句Passage 2 People have different tastes in food. Some feel that they havent eaten a meal unless they have had steak or other red meat. Some prefer chicken or fish and eat one or the oth

7、er at every meal. Others prefer vegetables and fruits or grains and would enjoy a meal of spaghetti, eggplant, and fresh fruit. Others could live on what were called fast-foods: a hamburger or hot dog, French fries and a soft drink. （2）主題句在段首 一個(gè)主題句常常是一個(gè)段落的開頭，其后的句子則是論證性細(xì)節(jié)。在論說(shuō)文，科技文獻(xiàn)和新聞報(bào)道中多采用這種格式。 Pass

8、age 3 (2018.襄陽(yáng)） People often ask me for suggestions about how to learn English. As for it, everyone is different. Ill share some of my experience. I once took a school year English course in Wuhan University, but I mostly learned English on my own. One thing I can tell you is that, once youve starte

9、d learning, you should try to think in English as much as you can. For several years after I started learning. I was often afraid of talking with others in English because I didnt want to make mistakes.The best title for this passage should be _ AThe importance of English B. My English learning Expe

10、rience CMy University Life DMy American Friends Passage 4(2018. 安徽) Would you like to live in a city where buildings turn the lights off for you, and self-driving cars find the nearest parking space themselves? Although it might sound a little far from you, living in a “smart” city like this could h

11、appen sooner than you think. Great changes have taken place in towns that we havelived in for centruies, while completely new cities are being built. The main idea of this paragraph is that _. A. Future Education B. Smart Cities C. Government Services D. Famous Companies二：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)型1. According to the pa

12、ssage, which of the following is true/ not true? 2. According to the passage, which of the following is not mentioned ? 3. All of the following are true EXCEPT _. 4. In the passage the writer thinks that _. 5.According to the passage, who/what/ which/when/where/why /how . ?Skills: 1.use scanning(尋讀)

13、 to find out the answer directly 2.get rid of the wrong ones（排除法） 在閱讀理解中，要求查找主要事實(shí)和特定細(xì)節(jié)問(wèn)題常有以下幾種命題方式： 大體可分為直接理解題和語(yǔ)義轉(zhuǎn)換題，所提問(wèn)題一般可直接或間接在文章中找到答案。 提問(wèn)的特殊疑問(wèn)詞常有：what, who, which, where, how, why 等。細(xì)節(jié)型 提問(wèn)方式靈活多樣，涉及文章當(dāng)中的各種細(xì)節(jié)，如時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，原因，方式等。細(xì)節(jié)理解應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題： 1）首先要從問(wèn)題中找出關(guān)鍵詞，運(yùn)用略讀的技巧在文中查找這一細(xì)節(jié)，并仔細(xì)閱讀，仔細(xì)比較所給選項(xiàng)與文中細(xì)節(jié)的區(qū)別。2）此類題更多地

14、傾向于將題目中的信息與原文有關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)信息進(jìn)行語(yǔ)義上的轉(zhuǎn)換，在轉(zhuǎn)換過(guò)程中，做題時(shí)易犯的錯(cuò)誤是未注意到轉(zhuǎn)換的準(zhǔn)確性，常常將細(xì)節(jié)信息中的范圍、程度、語(yǔ)義色彩等改變，從而導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)誤。 People often ask me for suggestions about how to learn English. As for it, everyone is different. Ill share some of my experience. I once took a school year English course in Wuhan University, but I mostly learned

15、English on my own. 1. The writer learned English in Wuhan University for about _. A. a week B. a month C. a term D.a year Passage 5 2018. 襄陽(yáng) Passage 6 2018 武漢3. They bargained with the sellers to _. A. cut down the cost B. share their feeling C. get bigger vegetables D. attract more customers They l

16、earned to work hard to sell their veggies. Every morning they had to wake up at 3 oclock. Some of them went to the farmers marketto buy vegetable. Some of them went to the local market to take up a temporary stall. To lower the cost, they learned to bargin with the sellers.三：詞義猜測(cè)型 要求正確理解短文中一些關(guān)健詞、短語(yǔ)或

17、句子的含義。常用的手段是利用多種表達(dá)法、詞的多義性、同近義語(yǔ)替換、習(xí)語(yǔ)釋義、句型或語(yǔ)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換等。1透徹理解題意，從短文中找到相關(guān)的詞、短語(yǔ)或句子，根據(jù)特定的語(yǔ)境判斷理解，推敲斟酌，最后確定含義。 2 要熟悉常見的設(shè)問(wèn)形式：1) The underlined word in the paragraph refers to /means _.2) What does “_” in paragraph stand for /mean?3) “_” could best be replaced by which of the following?4) The expression /phrase “_”

18、 means _.5) The word “_” is closest in meaning to _.詞句理解題解題方法1. Unlike his brother,who is truly a handsome man,John is quite homely “homely”means “ ”. ugly（反義詞、同義詞）反義詞常見信號(hào)詞：however,but,while,whereas,unlike, otherwise等；同義詞常見信號(hào)詞：or,namely,that is,i.e.,that is to say,等。2. Everyone agreed that the woman

19、 in the photo was gorgeousIt was easy to see why she had won the beauty contest比賽 “gorgeous” means3.Today was a very hectic day for meI woke up late， hurried to the office，worked until four，went to the store，cooked dinner and washed clothesI did so many things that I was certainly very tired “hectic

20、”means “ ”.beautiful（根據(jù)上下文）（根據(jù)常識(shí)）busy 生活常識(shí)上下文對(duì)比轉(zhuǎn)折因果關(guān)系同位關(guān)系同義詞反義詞構(gòu)詞法定義猜How to guess the meaning of words?四：推理判斷型 推理判斷題：中考題目并不多，因?yàn)檫@種題型著重考查學(xué)生歸納概括、邏輯推理等綜合能力。 以原文內(nèi)容為前提，據(jù)作者的觀點(diǎn)理論（非考生觀點(diǎn)），客觀地對(duì)文中未明顯說(shuō)明的現(xiàn)象或事例給予合理的邏輯推斷，做出一定解釋。推理判斷型 正確選項(xiàng)一般不是文中的原句推理判斷型常見的命題方式有： The passage implies (暗示) that_. We can conclude (得出結(jié)論)

21、 from the passage that_.Which of the following can be inferred (推論)?What is the opinion of the author ?What is the purpose (目的) of this passage? “If I had planted the tree near the road, strangers would have stolen the fruit. If I had planted the tree in one of my fields, my neighbors would have com

22、e at night and stolen some of the apples. If I had planted it near my house, my own children would have taken the fruit.” “Yes,” said the friend, “but at least someone could enjoyed the fruit. Now you not only have robbed everyone of the fruit, but also you have destroyed a good apple tree！” 2018. 黃岡What does t