《實習(xí)指導(dǎo)書》word版

1、電子網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源與信息檢索利用課程實習(xí)指導(dǎo)書(研究生、本科生、?？粕ㄓ? 內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)文獻檢索教研室2012年8月前 言電子網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源與信息檢索利用課，是按照學(xué)校教學(xué)改革的要求，從教學(xué)內(nèi)容到教學(xué)方法、教學(xué)手段等各方面，對原科技文獻檢索與利用課加以徹底改造后新開設(shè)的一門全校公共必修課。從本質(zhì)上講，這是一門方法課、工具課、實踐課，實用價值大，實踐性強。因此，學(xué)生必須在多媒體課堂聽課后，運用校園網(wǎng)閱讀下載相關(guān)講義綱要；然后通過實習(xí)，加強和鞏固對所學(xué)內(nèi)容的理解，深入了解各類電子文獻、光盤數(shù)據(jù)庫和網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)庫；掌握有關(guān)檢索工具的編排特點和利用計算機進行電子網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源檢索的基本方法和基本技能；培養(yǎng)、提高信息素質(zhì)

2、；樹立強烈的情報信息意識和開拓創(chuàng)新意識；訓(xùn)練獨立從事檢索的實際操作和對文獻的利用能力，煉就獨立獲取信息、評論信息和加工利用信息的方法和獨立解決問題的能力。一、要求.實習(xí)前，對課堂講授內(nèi)容認真復(fù)習(xí)，弄清有關(guān)檢索工具(數(shù)據(jù)庫系統(tǒng))的類型、特點、體系、著錄格式和使用方法。盡可能參考其它相關(guān)內(nèi)容。（1） 詳細閱讀實習(xí)指導(dǎo)書，按實習(xí)指導(dǎo)書的例子分步實習(xí)，掌握檢索技巧后，選擇自己熟悉的課題，進行實踐檢索，編寫成實習(xí)報告留存（移動硬盤）。（2） 留存的檢索報告可作為考試時的檢索資源。條件是四次檢索的課題為同一課題。.通過對幾種主要常用檢索工具（數(shù)據(jù)庫系統(tǒng)）內(nèi)容特點的了解，獲得信息檢索的一般性知識。.對檢索課

3、題的含義進行認真的分析、研究。明確檢索要求，提煉出最能表達課題意思的關(guān)鍵詞、主題詞等主題概念。.選好檢索工具（數(shù)據(jù)庫系統(tǒng)），并明確檢索途徑、檢索方法和檢索策略，按步驟進行檢索；同時逐項做好記錄。.實習(xí)結(jié)束后，及時整理出實習(xí)報告，要做到項目完整，格式正確，內(nèi)容準確。二、自選課題。三、實習(xí)報告內(nèi)容及要求實習(xí)報告格式按下列幾項要求完成：1、檢索課題名稱：2、課題分析：3、選擇檢索工具：4、構(gòu)建檢索策略：5、簡述檢索過程：6、整理檢索結(jié)果：7、標示原文線索：四. 檢索示例：（一）利用中文數(shù)據(jù)庫進行文獻信息檢索示例：1、檢索課題名稱：閱讀療法干預(yù)大學(xué)生心理障礙的研究2、課題分析：“閱讀療法”屬于本課題中

4、的主體，其應(yīng)用目標是“大學(xué)生心理障礙”的治療，而“干預(yù)”是句法修飾，即“閱讀療法”用于“大學(xué)生心理障礙”的治療自然是“干預(yù)”了，故“干預(yù)”可不作為檢索詞，由此得出如下檢索詞（按其對課題影響程度排序）：中文關(guān)鍵詞：1閱讀療法 2大學(xué)生 3 心理障礙英文關(guān)鍵詞：（1）reading therapy （2）university student （3）mental disorder3、選擇檢索工具：本課題檢索目標為中文各類相關(guān)文獻。根據(jù)本圖書館的資源情況選擇如下數(shù)據(jù)庫：（1）CNKI數(shù)字圖書館：中國期刊全文數(shù)據(jù)庫（2）萬方數(shù)據(jù)庫(會議論文)（3）超星數(shù)字圖書館（圖書檢索）。4、構(gòu)建檢索策略：因“閱讀療

5、法”為課題的主體，應(yīng)優(yōu)先檢索，“大學(xué)生”和“心理障礙”應(yīng)在檢索結(jié)果中同時存在。故制定如下檢索策略?！埃ǎ北硎緝?yōu)先、“*”表示并且。檢索算法：（閱讀療法）*大學(xué)生*心理障礙時間范圍：2005-2008文獻范圍：期刊論文、會議論文、專著為了保證查全率可考慮使用全文檢索途徑和高級檢索方式。5、簡述檢索策略調(diào)整的過程：1）在CNKI中國期刊全文數(shù)據(jù)庫中（CNKI數(shù)據(jù)庫鏡像）：a、為保證查全率，使用“（閱讀療法）*大學(xué)生*心理障礙”檢索運算式，檢索范圍選擇：所有專輯、全文中檢索，檢索出記錄240條。b、上述檢索策略得到的檢索結(jié)果240條過多，考慮縮小檢索范圍。改全文檢索項為篇名檢索。使用“（閱讀療法）

6、*大學(xué)生*心理障礙”檢索運算式，檢索范圍選擇：所有專輯，篇名中檢索，檢索出記錄1條。C、上述檢索策略得到的檢索結(jié)果1條太少，考慮擴大檢索范圍。改篇名檢索項為關(guān)鍵詞檢索。使用“（閱讀療法）*大學(xué)生*心理障礙”檢索運算式，檢索范圍選擇：所有專輯，關(guān)鍵詞中檢索，檢索出記錄24條，數(shù)量適中。d、檢索結(jié)果的滿意度，可根據(jù)檢索者的需要不斷調(diào)整。檢索字段的選擇，可單一，也可以混編，直至滿意。2）萬方數(shù)據(jù)庫(會議論文)：a、由于“萬方數(shù)據(jù)庫(會議論文)”收錄的文獻比較單一，為保證查全率，使用“（閱讀療法）*大學(xué)生*心理障礙”檢索運算式，檢索范圍選擇：全字段中檢索，不限定年代，檢索出記錄0條。b、上述檢索策略得

7、到的檢索結(jié)果0條?？紤]檢索算式復(fù)雜，可簡單一些。由于本課題的主體是“閱讀療法”，改用“閱讀療法”單一算式檢索，檢索出記錄4條。c、對于數(shù)據(jù)庫收錄的文獻少、品種單一的情況，目標文獻的相關(guān)度可適當放寬，以便獲得更多的參考文獻。3）超星數(shù)字圖書館：A、圖書類文獻屬于成熟類知識，出版的數(shù)量少且與課題的相關(guān)度低，檢索時應(yīng)盡量擴大檢索范圍。圖書類數(shù)據(jù)庫的著錄比較簡單，可供檢索的字段少且不規(guī)范，檢索時盡量選用默認字段。使用高級檢索中的書名檢索，不限定年代。檢索式（閱讀療法+大學(xué)生+心理障礙），檢索出記錄0條。B、調(diào)整檢索策略，改為課題主體檢索。用“閱讀療法”單一算式在書名中檢索，檢索出記錄1條。6、整理檢索

8、結(jié)果：經(jīng)過上述各個數(shù)據(jù)庫的檢索，獲得了許多相關(guān)文獻的信息，對于是否閱讀全文還要進一步斟酌。因此，整理檢索結(jié)果非常重要。根據(jù)檢索過程，應(yīng)該獲得如下基本文獻信息：篇名、著者、著者機構(gòu)、刊名、年、卷、期、摘要；擴展信息：英文篇名、英文姓名、英文機構(gòu)譯名、英文關(guān)鍵詞、英文刊名等。（1）CNKI中國期刊全文數(shù)據(jù)庫有關(guān)專輯檢索結(jié)果（選1條）：閱讀療法對抑郁癥療效的觀察【英文篇名】A study of bibliotherapy in the treatment of depression【作者】范文田; 王旸; 徐清芝;【英文作者】FAN Wen-tian; WANG Yang; XU Qing-zhi.

9、 Shandong mental health center; Jinan 250014; China;【作者單位】山東省精神衛(wèi)生中心; 山東大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院;【刊名】中國行為醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué), Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medical Science, 2006年 04期 【關(guān)鍵詞】抑郁癥; 閱讀療法;【英文關(guān)鍵詞】Depression; Bibliotherapy;【摘要】目的探討閱讀療法對抑郁癥患者的治療效果。方法將85例抑郁癥患者隨機分為干預(yù)組(41例)和對照組(44例)。干預(yù)組在日常藥物治療和相應(yīng)康復(fù)治療的基礎(chǔ)上同時使用閱讀療法進行康復(fù)干預(yù)研究,對照組僅進行相應(yīng)的

10、藥物治療及一般的康復(fù)治療。采用24項漢密頓抑郁量表(HAMD)在干預(yù)前后對兩組患者分別進行療效評估。結(jié)果干預(yù)28d后,干預(yù)組和對照組各因子分比干預(yù)前均有顯著降低(P0.01),各項因子干預(yù)前后差異有極顯著性,但干預(yù)組因子分降低幅度大于對照組,焦慮軀體化降低值(2.461.95)分,(1.001.56)分,P0.01、睡眠障礙降低值(1.001.18)分,(0.231.36)分,P0.001、絕望感降低值(3.021.75)分,(1.501.79)分,P0.01、總分降低值(9.593.91)分,(6.593.01)分,P0.01差異有極顯著性。結(jié)論閱讀療法對抑郁癥患者是一種有效的輔助康復(fù)治療方

11、法。（2）萬方數(shù)據(jù)庫檢索結(jié)果（選1條）：閱讀療法醫(yī)院圖書館讀者服務(wù)工作新領(lǐng)域 作者： 蔣萍萍, 杭州市第一人民醫(yī)院圖書館,杭州市,310006; 俞菲, 杭州市第一人民醫(yī)院圖書館,杭州市,310006 團體責(zé)任者： 會議名稱： 中國圖書館學(xué)會圖書館委員會第14屆學(xué)術(shù)研討會暨2006年年會 會議時間： 20061000 會議地點： 昆明 主辦單位： 中國圖書館學(xué)會 母體文獻： 中國圖書館學(xué)會醫(yī)院圖書館委員會第14屆學(xué)術(shù)研討會暨06年年會論文匯編 出版單位： 出版時間： 20061000 頁碼： 119-122 分類號： G258.5 ； G251 關(guān)鍵詞： 閱讀療法 ； 醫(yī)院圖書館 ； 讀者服務(wù)

12、 摘要： 文章介紹了閱讀療法的概念、作用,提出在目前醫(yī)療環(huán)境下醫(yī)院圖書館為醫(yī)務(wù)人員開展閱讀療法服務(wù)的重要性和必要性,探討了在醫(yī)院圖書館實行閱讀療法的可行性及具體實施方法和措施,為醫(yī)院圖書館讀者服務(wù)工作開展提供了一個新的領(lǐng)域 數(shù)據(jù)庫名： 中文會議論文全文數(shù)據(jù)庫 （3）超星數(shù)字圖書館（選1條）：行為大學(xué)生心理障礙的自我超越 作者:楊心德等著頁數(shù):244 出版日期:2003年02月第1版主題詞:大學(xué)生 心理衛(wèi)生簡介:本書內(nèi)容包括：緒論、認知障礙自我超越、情緒障礙自我超越等。7、標示原文線索：根據(jù)檢索結(jié)果中的信息，應(yīng)使相關(guān)目標文獻準確定位，定位的基本條件是：篇名、著者、刊名、年、卷、期。原文線索序號必

13、須與檢索結(jié)果序號一致，便于回查。（1）閱讀療法對抑郁癥療效的觀察【作者】范文田; 王旸; 徐清芝;【作者單位】山東省精神衛(wèi)生中心; 山東大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院;【刊名】中國行為醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué), 2006年 04期 （2）閱讀療法醫(yī)院圖書館讀者服務(wù)工作新領(lǐng)域 作者： 蔣萍萍, 杭州市第一人民醫(yī)院圖書館,杭州市,310006; 俞菲, 杭州市第一人民醫(yī)院圖書館,杭州市,310006 會議名稱： 中國圖書館學(xué)會圖書館委員會第14屆學(xué)術(shù)研討會暨2006年年會 會議時間： 20061000 會議地點： 昆明 主辦單位： 中國圖書館學(xué)會 母體文獻： 中國圖書館學(xué)會醫(yī)院圖書館委員會第14屆學(xué)術(shù)研討會暨06年年會論文匯編 出版

14、時間： 20061000 （3）行為大學(xué)生心理障礙的自我超越 作者:楊心德等著出版日期:2003年02月第1版(二) 利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)檢索工具與搜索引擎網(wǎng)絡(luò)檢索是利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)的搜索引擎實現(xiàn)的，由于網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源處于動態(tài)，每次檢索的結(jié)果都是不同的。本講實習(xí)重點掌握如何整理網(wǎng)絡(luò)檢索結(jié)果。為了區(qū)別數(shù)據(jù)庫檢索，在檢索結(jié)果和原文線索的整理時注意原文網(wǎng)址或網(wǎng)頁快照網(wǎng)址的收集。便于查重。根據(jù)自己已經(jīng)選定的題目，運用本講所學(xué)知識，選定3個搜索引擎進行網(wǎng)絡(luò)檢索實習(xí)，并按標準格式編制實習(xí)報告，留存。1、檢索課題名稱：閱讀療法干預(yù)大學(xué)生心理障礙的研究2、課題分析：中文關(guān)鍵詞：1 閱讀療法 2 大學(xué)生 3 心理障礙英文關(guān)鍵詞：（1）r

15、eading therapy （2）university student（3）mental disorder3、選擇搜索引擎：1谷歌(google)2百度（baidu）3 綜合檢索（360瀏覽器）4、構(gòu)建檢索策略：檢索算法：（閱讀療法）*大學(xué)生*心理障礙文獻范圍：期刊論文、學(xué)位論文、會議論文、專著使用學(xué)術(shù)類文獻檢索、選擇。5、簡述檢索策略調(diào)整的過程：1）在谷歌(google)：使用“（閱讀療法）*大學(xué)生*心理障礙”檢索運算式，約有932項符合（閱讀療法）*大學(xué)生*心理障礙的查詢結(jié)果。2）百度（baidu）：使用“（閱讀療法）*大學(xué)生*心理障礙”檢索運算式，百度一下，找到相關(guān)網(wǎng)頁約1,350篇。

16、3）元搜索（覓搜MetaS）：使用檢索式“（閱讀療法）*大學(xué)生*心理障礙”，覓搜為您從baidu、google、live的查詢中優(yōu)化了結(jié)果。baidu: 29 google: 30 live:23 6、整理檢索結(jié)果：（1）谷歌(google) （選1條）。大學(xué)生心理障礙與讀書治療University Students block and the reading .對大學(xué)生當前的心理狀態(tài)進行了四種不同方式的調(diào)查.調(diào)查顯示,心理障礙不同程度地 . 閱讀療法高校大學(xué)生心理健康教育的新方向BibliotherapyNew Direction in ./A-sdtsgjk200301023.html -

17、 20k - 網(wǎng)頁快照 - 類似網(wǎng)頁作者：王姍姍 - 2003 - 相關(guān)文章（2）百度（baidu）（選1條）。閱讀療法改善大學(xué)生心理障礙的研究 READING THERAPY IN IMPROVING.目的觀察用閱讀療法改善大學(xué)生心理障礙的效果。方法用大學(xué)生人格調(diào)查表(UPI)對在校大學(xué)生進行調(diào)查,找出需要關(guān)注的學(xué)生40人,隨機分成實驗組和對照組。對實驗組進行為期1年的閱讀輔導(dǎo),閱讀輔導(dǎo)前后用scl-90測查,觀察兩組的效果。結(jié)果實驗組. 96630A/2007002/24141685.html 32K 2008-9-26 - 百度快照（3）元搜索（覓搜MetaS）（選1條）。閱讀療法對大學(xué)

18、生心理健康影響的實驗研究- 期刊雜志|免費雜志|電子雜志 . 源自: MS指數(shù):36.512010年2月14日 . 研究結(jié)果表明:閱讀療法對大學(xué)生心理健康教育是有效的,能夠?qū)Υ髮W(xué)生心理 . 學(xué)習(xí)壓力( F5學(xué)習(xí)障礙、F6學(xué)習(xí)挫折感、F7理想缺失和考試焦慮)、z3身體健康 . 覓搜快照 7、標示原文線索：（1）大學(xué)生心理障礙與讀書治療2003年 第01期 作者: 魏彥平, 王姍姍, 鏈接網(wǎng)址：（2）閱讀療法改善大學(xué)生心理障礙的研究范奉蓮 山東醫(yī)學(xué)高等?？茖W(xué)校圖書館山東醫(yī)學(xué)高等?？茖W(xué)校學(xué)報 2006年28卷3期鏈接網(wǎng)址：96630A/2007002/24141685.html96630A/2006

19、03/22790518.html（3）閱讀療法對大學(xué)生心理健康影響的實驗研究-（三）利用英文綜合參考數(shù)據(jù)庫美國工程索引（Ei）進行文獻信息檢索示例1、檢索課題名稱：圖書館現(xiàn)代信息技術(shù)研究2、課題分析： 中文關(guān)鍵詞：圖書館 信息 技術(shù) 英文主題詞：Library information technology3、選擇檢索工具：美國工程索引（Ei village2）4、構(gòu)建檢索策略：Library*information*technology5、簡述檢索過程:選擇快速檢索，輸入檢索詞：第一、library；第二、information；第三、technology檢索結(jié)果4490篇6、根據(jù)檢索結(jié)果選擇

20、3條記錄根據(jù)檢索結(jié)果，瀏覽題錄可以確定該文獻的收藏單位（圖書館或情報所、信息中心等），從而可以進一步確定是否索取或借閱、復(fù)制原文。Search Results：4490 records in Compendex for 1969-2007 (library) WN All fields) AND (information) WN All fields) AND (technology) WN All fields) 1.Information and communication technologies in library and information science education

21、in Kenya Minishi-Majanja, Mabel K. (Dept. of Library and Info. Science, University of Zululand); Ocholla, Dennis N. Source: Education for Information, v 21, n 4, December, 2003, p 243-262Database: CompendexAbstract - Detailed2.Information technology and library education in Indonesia: recent develop

22、ments in the curriculum Sulistyo-Basuki, L. (Universitas Indonesia) Source: Education for Information, v 17, n 4, Dec, 1999, p 353-361Database: Compendex Abstract - Detailed3.Distance education in North American library and information science education: applications of technology and commitment Bar

23、ron, Daniel D. (Univ of South Carolina) Source: Journal of the American Society for Information Science, v 47, n 11, Nov, 1996, p 805-810Database: Compendex Abstract - DetailedSelected Records閱讀文摘：1 - 3 of 3 selected records from Compendexfor: (library) WN All fields) AND (information) WN All fields

24、) AND (technolog) WN All fields)1.Information and communication technologies in library and information science education in Kenya Minishi-Majanja, Mabel K. (Dept. of Library and Info. Science, University of Zululand); Ocholla, Dennis N. Source: Education for Information, v 21, n 4, December, 2003,

25、p 243-262ISSN: 0167-8329 CODEN: EDINEE Publisher: IOS Press Abstract: Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have become central to education and training in Library and Information Science/Service (LIS) because of the great influence of these technologies on the professional world. This

26、study on Kenya is part of a larger doctoral research project that aims to map and audit the types, nature and diffusion of ICTs in LIS education and training programmers in Africa. The findings indicate that all LIS schools in Kenya have embraced the use of ICTs, but there are major variations in te

27、rms of application. All but one LIS School offers a wide range of relevant ICT courses, many of them as core modules. However, not all of them offer, or are able to offer, practical hands-on experience for their students. In teaching and learning, only a few LIS schools use ICTs to deliver lectures,

28、 the majority still favouring age-old methods of face-to-face classroom teaching. In research, the lack of ICT facilities has resulted in partial and minimal use of ICTs, especially since academic staff have to pay (individually, from private funds) to access the Internet. For the same reasons elect

29、ronic publishing of research results on the Internet is low. In terms of academic administration, most LIS schools have computerised but most activities still are conducted offline due to networking inadequacies. The study recommends that Kenyan LIS schools should increase the use of ICTs in reachin

30、g and learning to foster greater effectiveness. Kenyan LIS schools should strive to provide online and distance education in order to open more learning opportunities for the nation. (28 refs.) Ei controlled terms: Information technology - Libraries - Education - Information science - Professional a

31、spects - Students - Teaching - Internet - Electronic publishing - Distance education - Societies and institutionsClassification Code: 723.5 Computer Applications - 903 Information Science - Libraries - 901.2 Education - 901.1 Engineering Professional Aspects - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling an

32、d ApplicationsDatabase: Compendex Full-text and Local Holdings Links2.Information technology and library education in Indonesia: recent developments in the curriculum Sulistyo-Basuki, L. (Universitas Indonesia) Source: Education for Information, v 17, n 4, Dec, 1999, p 353-361ISSN: 0167-8329 CODEN:

33、EDINEE Publisher: IOS Press Abstract: Information technology, mainly computer and telecommunication, has influenced library education since the early 70s. With the coming of the globalization era and the information revolution, Indonesian library educators recognised its importance for future librar

34、ians by revising the curriculum. This paper presents a brief history of information technology-related training for library school students in Indonesia, including the most recent development in library and information science curriculum in Indonesia with special reference to the University of Indon

35、esia, the nations oldest library education institution. (17 refs.) Ei controlled terms: Information technology - Personnel training - Information science - Libraries - Students - Online searching - Computer simulationClassification Code: 723.5 Computer Applications - 903.1 Information Sources & Anal

36、ysis - 901.2 Education - Libraries - 903.3 Information Retrieval & UseDatabase: Compendex Full-text and Local Holdings Links3.Distance education in North American library and information science education: applications of technology and commitment Barron, Daniel D. (Univ of South Carolina) Source: J

37、ournal of the American Society for Information Science, v 47, n 11, Nov, 1996, p 805-810ISSN: 0002-8231 CODEN: AISJB6 Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Inc Abstract: The author traces the development of distance education as a concept driven by educators who have used the available technology, almost at

38、the time of its inception, to extend education to individuals who are without formal learning alternatives. The similarities between the developments in distance education generally, beginning with correspondence study in the 1800s to the present day use of the Internet, compared with a similar evol

39、ution by library and information science education are stressed. The author concludes that library and information professionals have been given the opportunity to participate in a model which reflects the best human service possible as well as a demonstration of the professions commitment to the us

40、e of technology to meet the needs of individuals and groups in our society. (24 refs.) Ei controlled terms: Education - Information science - Libraries - Information technology - Information services - Teaching - Societies and institutions - Mail handling - Radio - Television - Information dissemina

41、tionClassification Code: 901.2 Education - 903.1 Information Sources & Analysis - Libraries - 903.4 Information Services - Societies & Institutions - 691.2 Materials Handling MethodsDatabase: Compendex Full-text and Local Holdings Links7、標示原文線索：用中文標示各檢索結(jié)果的著錄事項第一篇文獻：篇名： Information and communication

42、technologies in library and information science education in Kenya第一責(zé)任者：Minishi-Majanja, Mabel K.三、第一責(zé)任者單位：Dept. of Library and Info. Science, University of Zululand四、文獻來源：Education for Information, v 21, n 4, December, 2003第二篇文獻：一、篇名：Information technology and library education in Indonesia: recent

43、 developments in the curriculum二、第一責(zé)任者：Sulistyo-Basuki, L.三、第一責(zé)任者單位：Universitas Indonesia四、資料來源：Education for Information, v 17, n 4, Dec, 1999第三篇文獻：一、篇名：Distance education in North American library and information science education: applications of technology and commitment二、第一責(zé)任者：Barron, Daniel D.

44、三、第一責(zé)任者單位：Univ of South Carolina四、資料來源：Journal of the American Society for Information Science, v 47, n 11, Nov, 1996（四）利用英文全文數(shù)據(jù)庫Elsevier進行文獻信息檢索示例1、檢索課題名稱：廢水的處理2、課題分析：中文關(guān)鍵詞為：廢水，處理英文關(guān)鍵詞為：waste water，treatment3、選擇檢索工具：Elsevier數(shù)據(jù)庫4、構(gòu)建檢索策略： waste water AND treatment5、簡述檢索過程: 選定在Elsevier中期刊、圖書、文摘數(shù)據(jù)庫等全部文

45、獻資源中檢索1996年以后的關(guān)于廢水處理的相關(guān)文獻。利用確定的檢索策略（waste water AND treatment），文獻全文（含文獻題目、摘要、關(guān)鍵詞）中檢索，檢到8728 篇相關(guān)文獻；在文獻題目、摘要和關(guān)鍵詞中檢索，檢索到 1212篇相關(guān)文獻； 在文獻關(guān)鍵詞中檢索到134 篇相關(guān)文獻；在文獻題目中檢索到 178篇相關(guān)文獻。6、整理檢索結(jié)果：從以上文獻中選擇出3條切題文獻1. Durability of concrete with addition of dry sludge from waste water treatment plants Cement and Concrete

46、Research, Volume 35, Issue 6, June 2005, Pages 1064-1073 A. Yage , , S. Valls , E. Vzquez and F. AlbaredaDept. of Construction Engineering, Universitat Politcnica de Catalunya, ETSECCPB, C/Jordi Girona 1-3, E-08043 Barcelona, Spain Received 18 December 2003; accepted 26 July 2004. Available online 1

47、6 December 2004. Abstract：This paper evaluates the use of dry sludge as an additive for concrete, for which it must be guaranteed that the resulting concrete has the appropriate mechanical strength and durability. In earlier work on the subject, it was shown that the addition of sludge reduces the m

48、echanical strength of concrete. With the addition of 10% sludge in proportion to the amount of concrete, the mechanical strength decreases significantly, making it unsuitable for medium- to high-strength reinforced concrete. One possible area of application would be in the preparation of low-strengt

49、h mass concrete that could be used for bases and subbases of roads with light traffic, as filler, etc. We subjected the concrete specimens to different types of accelerated attack in order to evaluate long-term performance and compare them with the reference concrete (not containing sludge). The fol

50、lowing tests were made: Combined wetdry cycles using fresh water, seawater and water containing 5% sulphates Accelerated ageing in an autoclave Accelerated carbonationThe performance of the concrete containing sludge was acceptable and comparable to the results obtained for the reference concrete no

51、t containing sludge. Keywords: Durability; Stability; Sulphates attack; Waste management; Carbonation 2. Determination of sterols, estrogens and inorganic ions in waste water and size-segregated aerosol particles emitted from waste water treatment ARTICLEChemosphere, Volume 64, Issue 7, August 2006,

52、 Pages 1134-1140 Melanie Beck , a, and Michael RadkeaA Department of Hydrology, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany Received 3 April 2005; revised 13 November 2005; accepted 22 November 2005. Available online 9 January 2006. Abstract:Concentrations of steroids and inorganic ions were mea

53、sured in waste water of an aerated sand trap as well as in aerosol particles emitted from this tank at the waste water treatment plant (WWTP) of Bayreuth, Germany, in January and February 2003. The investigations comprised seven sterols, two estrogens, and several inorganic ions. Since an appropriat

54、e method for the determination of sterols in waste water was not available, a new method based on solid phase extraction was developed. The concentrations of the sterols coprostanol and cholesterol amounted to 30180gl1 in waste water and to 4005000pgm3 in aerosol particles. All other sterols were pr

55、esent in markedly lower concentrations. The mean concentrations of the two estrogens estrone and 17-estradiol were about 165pgm3 in aerosol particles. The steroid concentrations in both waste water and aerosol particles varied greatly over time, however with the exception of coprostanol, no clear co

56、rrelation was detected between concentrations in waste water and aerosol particles. Keywords: Sterols; Estrogens; Inorganic ions; Waste water; Aerosol particles; Impactor 3.The value of biodegradation screening test results for predicting the elimination of chemicals organic carbon in waste water tr

57、eatment plants Chemosphere, Volume 63, Issue 1, March 2006, Pages 9-16Walter Guhl and Josef Steber , Department of Environmental Safety Assessment, Henkel KGaA, D-40191 Dsseldorf, Germany Received 23 March 2005; revised 2 June 2005; accepted 30 July 2005. Available online 10 October 2005. Abstract：B

58、ased on the test results of a large number of chemical substances, the comparability of different biodegradation test methods was assessed in terms of passing or failing threshold values commonly used for the biodegradability characterisation of chemicals. The comparison revealed a high consistency

59、of the ready biodegradability evaluations in OECD 301 tests regardless of the analytical parameter used, i.e., by mineralisation (CO2 evolution or biological oxygen demand/BOD) or by organic carbon removal measurements. Substances meeting the ready biodegradability threshold values in OECD 301 tests

60、 exhibited a high (80%) carbon removal in model waste water treatment plants (OECD 303A). Results from the Modified ZahnWellens test (OECD 302B) representing a screening test with high sludge concentration, were also shown to be useful for the prediction of the organic carbon removal under WWTP cond