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1、Numbers初三英語專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)(數(shù)詞)十堰市房縣石堰初中 王朝霞基數(shù)詞 2.1數(shù)詞概述1、數(shù)詞的定義及分類表示數(shù)目多少或順序先后的詞叫做數(shù)詞。數(shù)詞有兩種:表示數(shù)目多少的數(shù)詞叫做基數(shù) 詞,如:one,ten, fifteen 等;表示順序先后的數(shù)詞叫做序數(shù)詞,如fifth,second,twelfth等。A從110 one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,tenB從 1119 eleven,twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen,eighteen,

2、nineteen 這里除 eleven, twelve, thirteen, fifteen, eighteen為特殊形式外,fourteen,sixteen,seventeen,nineteen都是由其個位數(shù)形式后添加后綴-teen構(gòu)成。1. 基數(shù)詞表示數(shù)目的詞稱為基數(shù)詞。其形式如下:C從 2199 整數(shù)幾十中除twenty,thirty, forty,fifty,eighty為特殊形式外,sixty,seventy,ninety都是其個位數(shù)形式后添加后綴-ty構(gòu)成。表示幾十幾時,在幾十和個位基數(shù)詞形式之間添加連字符“-”21 twenty-one76 seventy-six在表示fifte

3、en(15),fifty(50),eighteen(18),eighty(80)forty(40)時要注意這幾個詞的拼寫發(fā)生了變化。英語中沒有“萬”和“億”的數(shù)詞。“萬”用“10個千”即ten thousand 表示;“億”用“100個百萬”即one hundred million 表示注意啦!D百位數(shù) 個數(shù)基數(shù)詞形式加“hundred”,表示幾百,在幾十幾與百位間加上and 101 a hundred and one 320 three hundred and twenty 648 six hundred and forty-eightE千位數(shù)以上 從數(shù)字的右端向左端數(shù)起,每三位數(shù)加一個逗號

4、“,”。從右開始,第一個“,”前的數(shù)字后添加 thousand,第二個“,”前面的數(shù)字后添加 million,第三個“,”前的數(shù)字后添加 billion。然后一節(jié)一節(jié)分別表示,兩個逗號之間最大的數(shù)為百位數(shù)形式。2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four5,237,166,234 five billion,two hundred and thirty-seven million,one hundred and s

5、ixty-six thousand,two hundred and thirty-four基數(shù)詞在句中主要用作主語、賓語、定語、表語、同位語,例如:Thirty of them are Party members.(主語)- How many would you like?- Three ,please(作賓語)The nine boys are from Tianjin.(定語) Six plus four is ten.(表語)We four will go with you.(同位語) 一. 基數(shù)詞的用法(2)表示一個具體數(shù)字時,hundred, thousand, million不用復(fù)

6、數(shù)Our country has a population of 1,300 million people.There are three thousand students in our school.(3)在表示一個不確定數(shù)字時則用復(fù)數(shù)。After the war, thousands of people became homeless.Maize is the most important food crop for millions of people in the world.They arrived in twos and threes(4) 表示“十”的數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式可用來表示人

7、的歲數(shù)或年代,例如: He is in his early thirties He died still in his forties This took place in 1930s(4) 表示時刻用基數(shù)詞。We get up at six.The workers begin work at eight. 表示“幾點(diǎn)過幾分”,用介詞past,但須在半小時以內(nèi)。例如:ten past ten, a quarter past nine,half past twelve 表示“幾點(diǎn)差幾分”用介詞to, 但分?jǐn)?shù)須在半小時以上。例如:twenty to nine,five to eight,a qua

8、rter to ten 表示“幾點(diǎn)幾分”還可直接用基數(shù)詞。例如:seven fifteen,eleven thirty,nine twenty Be in ones + 整十的復(fù)數(shù)形式My parents are in their forties.Mr. Green is in her fifties.表示數(shù)量的名詞的使用:前有,后沒有;前沒有,后要有。 Several hundred students five thousand people thousands of years ago millions of stars 熱門考點(diǎn):3. 合成詞:合成形容詞是用連詞號把兩個或者兩個以上的詞連

9、成一個形容詞。()只能做定語;()合成形容詞的名詞一律用單數(shù)。a five-star hotel, a seven-year-old boy, an eight-year-old girl, a two-day trip In fact, the leaning Tower of Piza is a 54.5-metre-tall bell tower.熱門考點(diǎn):數(shù)詞hundred,thousand,million,billion用來修飾名詞,表示名詞的多少,具體數(shù)字直接修飾名詞;當(dāng)表示“數(shù)以.計的”這樣的不確切數(shù)時,要變復(fù)數(shù)并加上of,才能接名詞。并且在這些詞前還可以加several,man

10、y等詞進(jìn)行修飾。 hundreds of 數(shù)以百計的一萬名歌迷前來觀看這個明星。高頻考點(diǎn)(1) 100 one hundred(2) 1,000 one thousand(3) 200 two hundred(4) 1,000,000 one million(5) 210 two hundred and tenLearn how to say the following numbers(6) 4,189 four thousand one hundred and eighty-nine(7) 15,362 fifteen thousand three hundred and sixty-two

11、 Pay attention: hundred, thousand and million have no “- s” after a number“ 1909 ”(1) If it is a date We say like this 1909 nineteen oh nine(2) If it is a telephone number We say like this 1909 one nine zero nine “o” in English we can say “oh” or “zero”A. as an amountB. as part of phone numberC. as

12、a date 1814 2035 1666 1016 1902 1988Practise the following numbers in three ways :序數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞變序數(shù),-th要在結(jié)尾處;一二三真特殊,八去t,九去e;f要把ve替,y換成ie,結(jié)尾別忘-th假如碰到幾十幾,個位變序就可以。巧記基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞 first 1st twentieth 20th second 2nd twenty-first 21st third 3rd thirtieth 30th fourth 4th fortieth 40th fifth 5th fiftieth 50th sixth 6th

13、sixtieth 60th seventh 7th seventieth 70th eighth 8th eightieth 80th ninth 9th ninetieth 90thtenth 10th hundredth 100theleventh 11th one hundred and first 101st用法1. Lesson One = the first lesson2. Row Three = the third row3. May 2nd, 19874. 1/3: one third 2/3: two thirds5. the second longest river注意2

14、、序數(shù)詞的用法(1)序數(shù)詞在句子中可作主語,表語,賓語,定語等。她是班上第一個起床的女孩。(2)序數(shù)詞前一般加定冠詞the,表示“第幾”。第三個答案正確。(3)序數(shù)詞之前已有物主代詞、指示代詞或名詞所有格修飾時,不用定冠詞。祝賀我們的第一次成功。 當(dāng)序數(shù)詞前面不用定冠詞a/an時,表示“再一,又一”的意思。 媽媽,我仍然很餓,您能再給我塊蛋糕嗎?當(dāng)然可以,給你。1. 序數(shù)詞一般由基數(shù)詞后加th構(gòu)成,前面一般加定冠詞the。 the eighteenth, the two hundredth2. 以y結(jié)尾的基數(shù)詞構(gòu)成序數(shù)詞時,先把y改成i,再加eth。 The fiftieth, the twe

15、ntieth3. 不規(guī)則的序數(shù)詞有以下幾個 First, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth4. 編號有兩種表示法1)名詞基數(shù)詞 Lesson Three, Part One2)定冠詞序數(shù)詞名詞 The third lesson, the first partA從第一至第十九 其中,one first, two second, three third, five fifth,eighteighth,nineninth,twelve twelfth為特殊形式,其它的序數(shù)詞都是由其相對應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞后面添加“th”構(gòu)成。例如: six sixth、

16、nineteen nineteenth序數(shù)詞 表示順序的詞稱為序數(shù)詞。序數(shù)詞的主要形式:B從第二十至第九十九 整數(shù)第幾十的形式由其對應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞改變結(jié)尾字母y為i,再加“eth”構(gòu)成。 twentytwentieth thirtythirtieth 表示第幾十幾時,用幾十的基數(shù)詞形式加上連字符“”和個位序數(shù)詞形式一起表示 thirty-first 第三十一 fifty-sixth 第五十六 seventy-third 第七十三 ninety-ninth 第九十九C第一百以上的多位序數(shù)詞 由基數(shù)詞的形式變結(jié)尾部分為序數(shù)詞形式來表示。 one hundred and twenty-first 第一百

17、二十一 one thousand,three hundred and twentieth 第一千三百二十 D序數(shù)詞的縮寫形式 有時,序數(shù)詞可以用縮寫形式來表示。主要縮寫形式有。 firstlst second2nd third3rd fourth4th sixth6th twentieth20th twenty-third23rd 其中l(wèi)st,2nd,3rd為特殊形式,其它的都是阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字后加上th。(1)序數(shù)詞主要用作定語,前面要加定冠詞,例如:John lives on the fifteenth floor序數(shù)詞的用法(2)序數(shù)詞有時前面可加不定冠詞來表示“再一”,“又一”這樣的意思,例

18、如: Well have to do it a second time Shall I ask him a third time? When I sat down,a fourth man rose to speak(3)由幾個序數(shù)詞和基數(shù)詞在拼寫時不對應(yīng),很容易寫錯,應(yīng)特別注意。它們是:one-first, two-second, three-third, five-fifth, eight-eighth, nine-ninth, twelve-twelfth。(4)表示年,月,日時, 年用基數(shù)詞表示,日用序數(shù)詞表示。1949年十月一日讀作: October (the) first, nin

19、eteen sixty2004年九月十日讀作:September (the) tenth, two thousand and four(5)表示分?jǐn)?shù)時,分子用基數(shù)詞表示,分母用序數(shù)詞表示。分子大于1時,分母加-s。例如:three fourths,one second,two fifths 分?jǐn)?shù),小數(shù), 百分比分?jǐn)?shù)由基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞合成,分子用數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞。分子大于一時,分母的序數(shù)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。1 one and two thirds one (a) third one (a) half, one (a) quarter 小數(shù)點(diǎn)讀point,零讀o或zero,小數(shù)點(diǎn)后的數(shù)字按個位基數(shù)詞依次

20、讀出。0.6 zero point six3. 百分?jǐn)?shù)由percent表示。 (1) . 3 point three (2) 0.3 zero point three (3) 0.368 zero point three six eight Pay attention: We say each number separately after a decimal pointHow to say decimal point:(1) 7.145(2) 36.36(3) 0.472(4) 1.395(5) 0.848(6) 0.47Practise talking 當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù),百分?jǐn)?shù)與名詞連用作句子的主語

21、時,謂語動詞要根據(jù)所連接的名詞而定。若分?jǐn)?shù),百分?jǐn)?shù)所修飾的名詞是不可數(shù)名詞,謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式;若分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)所修飾的名詞是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Two thirds of the buildings are tallers than before.三分之二的建筑物比以前的高。這個城鎮(zhèn)中五分之二的土地被樹木和草覆蓋著。高頻考點(diǎn)時間和鐘點(diǎn)時刻表示法 1. 表示幾點(diǎn)鐘用基數(shù)詞加可以省略的oclock 5:00 讀作 five oclock 或 five 2. 表示幾點(diǎn)過幾分,在分鐘后加past,再加小時 five past seven 七點(diǎn)過五分 half past six 六點(diǎn)半

22、 a quarter past eight 八點(diǎn)過一刻 seven past eight 八點(diǎn)過七分 3. 表示幾點(diǎn)差幾分,在分鐘后面加to,再加小時 ten to eight 差十分八點(diǎn)(七點(diǎn)五十分) a quarter to twelve 差一刻十二點(diǎn)(十一點(diǎn)四十五分) twenty to six 差二十分六點(diǎn)(五點(diǎn)四十分)在日常生活中,常用下列簡單方法表示時間。 以小時、分種為單位分別讀出數(shù)字。 6:31 讀作 six thirty-one 10:26 讀作 ten twenty-six 14:03 讀作 fourteen o three 16:15 讀作 sixteen fifteen

23、 18:30 讀作 eighteen thirty 23:55 讀作 twenty-three fifty-five 注:時刻表上的時間大多采用24小時表示法,這樣就不需要用a.m.表示上午,p.m.表示下午了日期和年份A年份用基數(shù)詞表示,一般寫為阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字,讀時可以以hundred為單位,也可以以世紀(jì)、年代為單位分別來讀。 1949 讀作 nineteen hundred and forty-nine 或 nineteen forty-nine 1800 讀作 eighteen hundred 253 讀作 two hundred and fifty-three或two fifty-thre

24、e 1902 讀作 nineteen hundred and two或 nineteen o two 表示在哪一年,一般在年數(shù)前加介詞in,使用year時,year放在數(shù)詞之前。 in the year two fifty-three B.C. 在公元前253年 但是,通常采用in加表示年份的阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字。B. 月份,在哪個月用介詞in加第一個字母大寫的月份詞表示。例如:in May在五月; in July在七月。為了簡便起見,月份與日期連用時,月份常用縮寫形式表示。縮寫形式除May,June,July外,其它的月份都由其前三個字母表示,但September除外。 JanuaryJan一月 Fe

25、bruaryFeb二月 MarchMar. 三月 AprilApr四月 AugustAug八月 SeptemberSept九月 OctoberOct十月 NovemberNov十一月 DecemberDec十二月 注:這里縮寫形式后面加點(diǎn)不能省略,因?yàn)樗潜硎究s寫形式的符號。C.表示不具體、不確切的時間,如世紀(jì)、年代、年份、月份時,用介詞in表示,表示具體確切的某一天用介詞on表示通常情況下morning,afternoon,evening等詞前用介詞in。但是,當(dāng)這些詞前后有一修飾限定的詞作為定語,把它們限定為某一天早晨、下午或晚上時,介詞in應(yīng)改為on。這里的修飾限定詞可以是介詞短語、名詞

26、、形容詞、定語從句等。 On a cold morning,the old man died lonely in his house 在一個寒冷的早晨,這個老人孤獨(dú)地死在自己的房子里。 The girl was sent to hospital on the night of March 20.這個姑娘在三月二十日的夜里被送進(jìn)了醫(yī)院。 The accident happened on the afternoon of July 7 這次事故發(fā)生在7月7日下午。 We are going to have a small test on Monday morning 星期一早晨我們將進(jìn)行一次小測驗(yàn)

27、。表示街道門牌號時一般把號碼放在名詞之前;表示電話號碼時一律用基數(shù)詞一次讀出每個號碼。和平路1324號:No.1324 Heping Road電話號碼4578862:telephone number 注意啦!1.About _ students in our class can describe that place in English.A. three-fifthsB. three-fifthC. third-fiveD. third-fifths2.Nine _ pounds a week? Thats very good.A. hundred of B. hundreds ofC. h

28、undreds D. hundred3.We often have sports after class, and I like to play _ basketball.A. aB. anC. theD. 不填4.This is _ song Ive told you about. Isnt it _ beautiful one?A. the; theB. a; aC. the; aD. a; the11. It is said that SARS has killed more than _ people worldwide. A. three hundreds B. three hund

29、reds C. three hundreds D. three hundred12. -How many workers are there in your factory? -There are two _. A. hundredsB. hundredC. hundred ofD. hundreds of13. -Which is the smallest number of the four? -_. A. Two-thirdsB. A halfC. A quarterD. Three-fourths14. -What do you think of a war, Li Ming? -Ive no idea. But its

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