There-be-句型用法總結(jié)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)專心-專注-專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)There be 句型用法總結(jié)There be 結(jié)構(gòu)是英語中陳述事物客觀存的常用句型，表示“有”，其確切含義是“存在”there 作為引導(dǎo)詞，本身沒有意義，用動(dòng)詞be的某些形式作為謂語動(dòng)詞，它的主語是用一些表示泛指或不定特指的名詞詞組，動(dòng)詞be和 主語的數(shù)必須一致。句子最后通常為表示地點(diǎn)和時(shí)間的狀語。因此要表達(dá)“某個(gè)地方或某個(gè)時(shí)間存在什么事物或人”的時(shí)候常用“There be + 名詞+ 地點(diǎn)（時(shí)間）這一句型。例如：There is a great Italian de

2、li across the street. 穿過街道，有一家大的意大利熟食店。There are some students in the dormitory. 在宿舍里有一些學(xué)生。一、There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中的主謂一致 1.當(dāng)動(dòng)詞be后所接的名詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，be 應(yīng)該取單數(shù)is；當(dāng)其后所接的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，be用復(fù)數(shù)are。Theres a man at the door.門口有個(gè)人。There is some apple juice in the bottle. 瓶子里有些蘋果汁。There are some strangers in the street.大街上

3、有一些陌生人。2.如果There be 后面是幾個(gè)并列名詞做主語時(shí)，動(dòng)詞be的形式和最靠近它的那個(gè)名詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致。There is an ashtray and two bottles on the shelf. 架子上有一只煙灰缸和兩個(gè)瓶子。There are two bottles and an ashtray on the shelf. 架子上有兩個(gè)瓶子和一個(gè)煙灰缸。二、There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中的時(shí)態(tài)1.There be 句型中動(dòng)詞be可以有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、將來時(shí)和完成時(shí)。There is no harm in trying.不妨一試。There were fabulous w

4、ildflowers in the hills last spring. 去年春天，山中有極美的野花。There will be a fine day tomorrow. 明天將是一個(gè)晴天。There have been several private schools in our area this year.今年，我們這里已經(jīng)有好幾所私立學(xué)校了。2.There be 句型可以和各種助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用。There may be a cigarette in that box. 那只盒子里或許有支香煙。There must be some cakes on the table. 桌子上一定有

5、些蛋糕。There used to be a hospital there before the war. 戰(zhàn)前，那里曾經(jīng)有家醫(yī)院。3.There be 句型也可以和這樣一些的謂語動(dòng)詞連用：be going to 、seem to 、appear to 、used to、be likely to 、happen to . There seem to be a few trees between me and the green. 在我與草坪之間好像有一些樹。There is gong to be a meeting tonight. 今天晚上有個(gè)會(huì)議。There is likely to be

6、 a storm 可能有一場暴雨。There happened to be a bus nearby. 碰巧附近有輛公交車。There appears to have been a nasty accident. 似乎發(fā)生了一起嚴(yán)重事故。4.there be 結(jié)構(gòu)中除可以用be 外，還可以用其它動(dòng)詞。例如：There came a scent of lime-blossom. 飄來一陣菩提樹的花香。Once upon a time there lived a king in China. 從前中國有一個(gè)國王。There be 句型的否定句、一般疑問句、特殊疑問句和反意疑問句1.There be

7、 句型的否定句有兩種構(gòu)成方式，一種是將否定副詞not放在be 之后，如： There isnt a box in the room. 房間里沒有盒子。There arent any pens on the desk.課桌上沒有鋼筆。There hasnt been any rain for a week.一周沒下雨了。There wont be a meeting today.今天沒有會(huì)議。另一種是在主語前加上不定代詞no , 如：There is no water in the bottle. 瓶子里沒有水。There are no pictures on the wall.墻上沒有圖畫。T

8、here will be no one at home tomorrow morning.明天上午不會(huì)有人在家。There might be no money left?；蛟S沒有剩下什么錢。2.There be 句型的一般疑問句是將be 放在there 之前，回答時(shí)用yes或no，后接簡單答語。如：Is there a cake on the table? 桌子上有塊蛋糕嗎？Yes，there is. / No，there isnt.是，有。/ 不，沒有。Will there be a party tonight？今晚有聚會(huì)嗎？Yes，there will./ No, there wont 是

9、的，有。/ 不，沒有。Have there been any letters from your mother lately?近日你媽媽有信來嗎？Yes，there have./ No, there havent.是，有的。/ 不，沒有。3.There be 句型的特殊疑問句主要有how many和how much做引導(dǎo)詞兩種情況：How many students are there in your school?你們學(xué)校有多少學(xué)生？How much money is there in your pocket?你口袋里有多少錢?4.There be 句型的反意疑問句There is a cu

10、p on the table, isnt there?桌子上有只杯子，是嗎？There is some orange in the glass, isnt there?杯子里有桔汁，是嗎?There are a lot of letters in the mailbox, arent there?郵筒里有很多信件，是嗎？There will be a new hospital nearby, wont there?附近要建一家新醫(yī)院，是嗎?There be 結(jié)構(gòu)的非謂語動(dòng)詞形式There be 結(jié)構(gòu)的非謂語動(dòng)詞形式是there to be 和there being 兩種形式。在句中作主語、賓語

11、和狀語。1. there being 結(jié)構(gòu)起名詞的作用，直接位于句首作主語，通常用it 作形式主語，并且用for引導(dǎo)。There being a bus stop near my house is a great advantage.我家旁邊有個(gè)公共汽車站，很是方便。It is impossible for there to be any more.不可能再有了。2. there be 結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語時(shí)，通常用there to be ，常作這樣一些詞的賓語：expect，like, mean, intend, want,prefer,hate等。I expect there to be no ar

12、gument about this.我期望關(guān)于這件事不要再爭吵了。I should prefer there to be no discussion of my private affairs.我寧愿不要討論我的私事。People dont want there to be another war.人們不希望再有戰(zhàn)爭了。另外，作介詞賓語時(shí)，如果是介詞for，只能用“there to be”其它介詞用“there being”The teacher was waiting for there to be complete silence.老師在等著大家都安靜下來。I never dreamed

13、of there being any good chance for me.我做夢也沒想到我會(huì)有好機(jī)會(huì)。3. 作狀語的there be 形式，通常用“there being”結(jié)構(gòu)。There being nothing else to do ,we went home.因?yàn)闆]有其他事可做，我們就回家了。They closed the door ,there being no customers.因?yàn)闆]有顧客，他們的店關(guān)門了。五、There be 結(jié)構(gòu)和have的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系 1.區(qū)別點(diǎn)：there be 意為存在，強(qiáng)調(diào)某地有某物，不表示所屬關(guān)系；have 表示所有關(guān)系， 強(qiáng)調(diào)某人或某地有某物，這

14、是其基本用法。如：There are some trees in front of the house.房前有些樹。Tom has many friends in China.湯姆在中國有許多朋友。2.相同點(diǎn)：在表示結(jié)構(gòu)上的含有時(shí)，既可以用there be 句型，也可以用have（has） 來表示。如：中國有許多長河。There are many long rivers in China.China has many long rivers.三月份有多少天？How many days are there in March?How many days has March?There be 句型專

15、題1. there be 句型常用來表示某地/某時(shí)有某物/某人 There is a computer in the room. 房間里有一臺(tái)電腦。 There are two TV plays every evening. 每晚有兩場電視劇。2. 各種句型結(jié)構(gòu) i.肯定句： Therebe （is/are） 某物/某人地點(diǎn)/時(shí)間。 There is a pencil on the desk. 桌子上有一支鉛筆。ii.否定句： Therebe（is/are）not某物/某人地點(diǎn)/時(shí)間。這個(gè)句式的否定形式的構(gòu)成是將be之后加not，同時(shí)，原句中如有some一詞，也應(yīng)改為any. 例如:There

16、 is a bird in the tree樹上有一只鳥。There isnt any bird in the tree樹上沒有鳥。There are some children behind the house房后有些孩子。There arent any children behind the house房后沒有小孩。 iii. 一般疑問句： Be（Is/Are）there某物/某人地點(diǎn)/時(shí)間？這是There十be句型的疑問句，其構(gòu)成是將be動(dòng)詞提到There之前，句尾用問號(hào)。There are some birds in the picture.圖畫中有些鳥。變成疑問句就是:Are the

17、re any birds in the picture? 圖畫中有鳥嗎? 對(duì)疑問句的應(yīng)答，如果是肯定的，可以答:Yes, there is 或there are如果是否定的，可以說: No, there isnt或there arentiv. 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞 be（is/are）there其它？在這個(gè)句型的一般疑問句之前，加上疑問詞，變成特殊疑問句。例如，How many birds are there in the picture?圖片中有多少只小鳥?here are four birds in the picture圖中有4只鳥。使用how many提問時(shí)，即可針對(duì)復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞提

18、問，也可針對(duì)單數(shù)形式的名詞提問。在應(yīng)答中，可以按實(shí)際情況回答。例如:How many boats are there in the river?河里有多少只船?There is only one僅有一只。 3. There be 句型常用時(shí)態(tài)形式There be 句型常用的時(shí)態(tài)形式有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過去完成時(shí)。例如： i. There is someone at the door to see you. 門口有人找你。ii. There will be a meeting this evening. 今晚有個(gè)約會(huì)。iii. -Have there been an

19、y letters from Jack lately? 近日有杰克的來信嗎？-No, there hasnt. 不，沒有。iv. There had been many such accidents before you came.你來之前就有過很多起這樣的事故。4. 主謂一致There be后面所接的某物有多個(gè)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞be要根據(jù)最靠近它的那個(gè)名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)來確定，即就近原則。 e.g. There is a pen, a pencil-box and some books on my desk. 我的桌子上有一支鋼筆，一個(gè)鉛筆盒和一些書。 There are some books, a p

20、en and a pencil-box on my desk. 我的桌子上有一些書，一支筆和一個(gè)鉛筆盒。There are two boys and a teacher at the school gate. 門口有兩個(gè)男孩，一個(gè)老師。 5. 主語后的動(dòng)詞形式 在there be 句型中，主語與動(dòng)詞是主動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí), 動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在分詞形式；是被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用過去分詞形式。如： There is a purse lying on the ground. 地上有一個(gè)錢包。 There are five minutes left now. 現(xiàn)在還有5分鐘。6. 反意疑問句。 反意疑問句應(yīng)與there b

21、e對(duì)應(yīng)，而不是依據(jù)主語。如： There is a radio on the table, isnt there? 桌子上有一臺(tái)收音機(jī)，是吧？ There are more than fifty classes in your school, arent there? 你們班有50多名學(xué)生，是吧？ 7. there be 與have的替換 there be表示所屬時(shí)可與have替換。 There is nothing but a book in my bag. =I have nothing but a book in my bag. 包里只有一本書。 8. there be后接不定式時(shí)常用主

22、動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。如： There is a lot of work to do. 有許多工作要做。 注意：當(dāng)該句型主語是something, anything, nothing等不定代詞時(shí)，后面的不定式用主動(dòng)形式或被動(dòng)形式，意義各不同。 There is nothing to do. 沒有事可做。 There is nothing to be done. 沒有辦法(束手無策)。 9. 與其它詞連用，構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語。如： There may be a rain this afternoon. 今天下午可能有雨。 There used to be a cinema here before the

23、 war. 戰(zhàn)爭之前，這兒有一家電影院。10. there be 句型的變體 there be結(jié)構(gòu)中的be有時(shí)可用come (來), develop (產(chǎn)生), exist (存在), fall (落下), follow (跟隨), happen (發(fā)生), lie (躺著), live (住著), occur (發(fā)生), remain (還有), rise (升起),stand (站著)等。這些動(dòng)詞可以有時(shí)態(tài)變化，及物動(dòng)詞還可以有語態(tài)變化。例如：i. There fell a deep silence. 突然一片寂靜。ii. There remains one more test to be

24、 carried out before putting the instrument into operation. 在使用這一設(shè)備之前要完成一項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)。iii. Not long after this, there occurred a sudden revolution in public taste. 此后不久，公眾的情趣發(fā)生了突然的變化。iv. There stands at the center of the square the Monument to the Peoples Heroes. 在廣場的中央矗立著人民英雄紀(jì)念碑。 11. 習(xí)慣用語 There is no good /u

25、se (in) doing sth. 做某事沒有好處/用處；There is not a moment to lose. 一刻也不能耽誤。例如： There is no good making friends with him. 和他交朋友沒有什么好處。 He is very ill. Send him to hospital. Theres not a moment to lose. 他病得厲害，把他送到醫(yī)院去，一刻也不能耽誤。 12. 練習(xí)題一、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. There is a computer in my house. (一般疑問句) _ _ a computer in _ house? 2. There are some flowers on t