八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-外研英語(yǔ)

1、我們將學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法:1 表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。Have you read that story? 你讀過(guò)那個(gè)故事嗎？（讀這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響為： 是否知道故事中的內(nèi)容）I have bought two apples. 我買了兩個(gè)蘋果。（買這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是：擁有兩個(gè) 蘋果） 在學(xué)習(xí)這一概念的同時(shí)，還應(yīng)注意常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)連 用的幾個(gè)副詞： already，just多用于肯定句中， yet，ever，never多用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中。如： I have already finished my homework. 我已經(jīng)做完

2、家庭作業(yè)。 11. He has just had supper. 他剛吃過(guò)晚飯。2. Have you ever sung this English song? 你曾唱過(guò)這首英文歌嗎？3.They havent done the homework yet. 他們還沒(méi)有做作業(yè)。4. We have never seen a film. 我們從來(lái)沒(méi)有看過(guò)電影。5. He has died. 他死了。22.表示過(guò)去開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，甚至還可能繼續(xù)下去； 常和表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)） 的一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：They have lived here for ten yea

3、rs .他們住在這兒有十年了。She has taught in this school since three years ago. 她從三年前開(kāi)始就在這個(gè)學(xué)校教書。We have known each other since we were very young. 我們從很小的時(shí)候就彼此認(rèn)識(shí)。注意：用于這種用法中的動(dòng)詞必須是表示連續(xù)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的詞，如：live、work、teach、study、stay、wait、know、be、have、learn、wear、walk、sleep等，這類動(dòng)詞叫做“延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞”。英語(yǔ)中還有另一種動(dòng)詞，如：buy、join、become、begin、fal

4、l、come、go、hear、die、close、open、leave、borrow、等，它們只表示短暫的動(dòng)作，不能表示一個(gè)延續(xù)的狀態(tài)，這類動(dòng)詞叫做“瞬間性動(dòng)詞”，它們可以用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)， 但是不能和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。3 短暫性動(dòng)詞變延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞：join - 2) come - 3) borrow - 4) buy - 5) arrive - 6) leave - 7) begin - 8) open - 9) close - 10) die -11) get up - 12) come back-13) end- 14) catch a cold -15) become interes

5、ted in -be in / abe in / atkeep have bebe away (from)be onbe openbe closedbe deadbe upbe backbe overhave a coldbe interested in4The shop has been _ for an hour. A. close B. closing C. closed2. How long have you _ the book? A. borrowed B. kept C. bought3. They _ Guangzhou for an hour. A. left B. have

6、 left C. have been away from4. I have _ Foshan since ten years ago. A. come to B. arrive in B. been in5. I bought a computer _. A. for two days B. since two days ago C. two days ago Class has been over _. A. just now B. for a moment C. a moment ago7. I have come back _. A. for an hour B. yet C. alre

7、ady CBCBCBC5這只狗死了。這只狗昨天死了。這只狗一天前死了。這只狗死了一天。The dog has died.The dog died yesterday.The dog died a day ago.The dog has been dead for a day._6他們離開(kāi)和順了。他們兩天前離開(kāi)和順了。他們自從兩天前就離開(kāi)和順了。/ 他們離開(kāi)和順兩天了。 They left Heshun.They have left Heshun.They left Heshun two days ago._They have been away from Heshun since two da

8、ys ago. _They have been away from Heshun for two days. _7戲劇開(kāi)始了。戲劇半小時(shí)前開(kāi)始了。戲劇開(kāi)始半個(gè)小時(shí)了。 我買了一臺(tái)電腦。 自從我來(lái)到這里就買了一臺(tái)電腦。The play has begun.The play began half an hour ago.The play has been on for half an hour.I have bought a computer.I have had a computer since I came here.81. I _ the way. I _ here for quite ma

9、ny years. A. knewhave lived B. knewlive C. knowhave lived D. knowlive2. _ you ever _ America ? Yes, I have. A. Havegone to B. Havegone in C. Havebeen to D. Have been in3. My brother _college for over three years. A. has gone to B. has been to C. has been at4. He _ the Army by the end of 1989. He _ i

10、n the army since then. A. joinedis B. has joinedhas been C. had joinedis D. had joined has been5. _ you _ the text yet ? Yes, we _ it two hours ago. A. Didcopydid B. Havecopiedhave C. Havecopieddid D. Did copyhadCCCDC95. “Why _ she _ angry ?” “Because he _ at her just now .” A. didgetshouted B. hasg

11、otshouted C. didgethas shouted 6. _you _ the film before ? Where _ you _ it ? A. Have seendidsee B. Did seehaveseen C. Haveseenhaveseen7. You _ me waiting for two hours. I _ for you since five. A. keptwaited B. have keptwaited C. kepthave waited D. have kepthave waited Where _ John _ ? To the librar

12、y. He _ there for an hour.A. hasbeenhas gone B. hasgonehas been C. didgowent D. didbewentAA DB10 A. 用 already 或 yetHave they taken down the old pictures _? No, not _. 2) Most of us have finished our compositions _. 3) He hasnt visited the museum_. B.用 since或 for1) We have learned five lessons _ the

13、beginning of this term.2) Mrs Liao has been in hospital _ last week.3) I have stayed at my aunts _ two weeks. I have been here _ 1999. They have kept the books _ one day. It has been cold _ two weeks ago. We have learnt a lot _ we came here. yetyetalreadyyetsincesinceforsinceforsincesince11C. 用have

14、gone或 have beenWhere are the boy students ? They _ to the school factory.Is your father in ? No, he _ to Shenzhen. _he ever _ there before ? Yes, he _ there several times 3) He asked me if I _ to Hangzhou before. I told him that I wanted to go there for a visit as I _ never _ to that city before. 4)

15、 My brother _the Great Wall three times .have gonehas gone toHas beenhas beenhave beenhave beenhas been to121) I _ a bike . I _ the bike a week ago . I _ the bike for a week .(買了)2) He _ . He _ for two days . (死了)3) She _. She _ for a day.(回來(lái)了)4) The factory _. It _ for a year.(開(kāi)辦了)have boughtbought

16、have hadhas diedhas been deadhas come backhas been backhas openedhas been open131) She has been with Greener China for a year. she has been _ _ _ Greener China for a year.2) He joined the Party two months ago . He _ _ _ Party member for two months. He _ _ _ the Party since two years ago. It is two m

17、onths _ he _ the Party.a member ofhas been a has been insince joined14； 北京拓展基地 北京拓展訓(xùn)練 北京拓展培訓(xùn)公司 ory19msq 么的；也夢(mèng)過(guò)幾次我們和爹在漢口鎮(zhèn)上開(kāi)店，在娘娘家吃飯，大家一起說(shuō)話，還有小青姐姐又撒小性子了。就是沒(méi)有夢(mèng)見(jiàn)過(guò)爹給咱們說(shuō)過(guò)什么，就是人常說(shuō)的托夢(mèng)什么的?！惫⒄f(shuō)：“我也是啊，總是做一些沒(méi)有什么特殊意義的夢(mèng)?！惫⒅闭f(shuō)：“咱倆今兒個(gè)晚上又睡在這個(gè)屋子里了。若在天有靈，希望爹爹能回來(lái)告訴我們，他在哪里，我們回去了也”聽(tīng)著耿直已經(jīng)帶著哭腔了，耿正伸手給弟弟掖掖被角，說(shuō)：“睡吧。說(shuō)不準(zhǔn)等我們睡著了，爹

18、真得就回來(lái)給我們托夢(mèng)了呢！”耿直不再說(shuō)話，過(guò)一會(huì)兒也就沉沉地睡著了。耿正卻輾轉(zhuǎn)難眠，眼前總是在晃動(dòng)著當(dāng)年父子四人一同住在這個(gè)屋子里的情景耿英進(jìn)了西邊屋里時(shí)，看到娘娘已經(jīng)將兩床被褥都鋪好了，正坐在桌子邊上等她呢。再一看，洗腳盆、干毛巾也都放在那里。耿英說(shuō)：“娘娘，您洗了？”喬氏說(shuō)：“娘娘洗了。你快洗洗睡吧，明兒個(gè)一早還要趕路呢！”耿英說(shuō)：“娘娘您先睡，我馬上就好！”喬氏說(shuō)：“那我先睡了。你洗完了什么也不要收拾，趕快上來(lái)睡覺(jué)！”“唔！”耿英答應(yīng)著匆匆洗罷，快速脫了外衣鉆進(jìn)松軟舒服的被窩里。喬氏伸出手來(lái)給她掖掖被角，說(shuō)：“我吹燈了啊！你閉眼睡吧，不早了！”耿英又聽(tīng)話地“唔”一聲。燈熄滅了。在黑暗中，耿英也是久久不能入睡。她假裝睡著了，一動(dòng)不動(dòng)地側(cè)臥在娘娘身邊。但她很明顯地感覺(jué)到，娘娘也并沒(méi)有很快睡著了。她時(shí)不時(shí)地盡量輕輕動(dòng)一動(dòng)，但始終再?zèng)]有和耿英說(shuō)話。耿英知道，娘娘不是沒(méi)有想說(shuō)的話，而是將許多想說(shuō)的話都藏在心里了后半夜了，在窗外一陣陣“呼呼啦啦”風(fēng)聲中，耿英終于沉沉地睡著了。第二天醒來(lái)，天已經(jīng)大亮了。聽(tīng)見(jiàn)東伢子在過(guò)廳里壓低嗓音兒說(shuō)：“姆媽，我買的是剛宰好的魚！”喬氏說(shuō)：“這樣更好，我簡(jiǎn)單清洗一下就可以上籠蒸了！沒(méi)你的事兒了，去看小伢子吧！”東伢子說(shuō)：“小伢子還沒(méi)醒呢。我先去給大白騾再加點(diǎn)兒草料吧！”耿英趕快起床收拾，發(fā)現(xiàn)喬氏母女倆已經(jīng)將早飯