初中英語(yǔ)代詞

1、關(guān)于初中英語(yǔ)代詞第一張，PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月一、人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞一表清 分類人稱、作用人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞主格賓格形容詞性名詞性第一人稱單數(shù)Imemyminemyself復(fù)數(shù)weusouroursourselves第二人稱單數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourself復(fù)數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人稱單數(shù)hehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself復(fù)數(shù)theythemtheirtheirsthemselves作用主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)第

2、二張，PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月（一）人稱代詞的語(yǔ)序：?jiǎn)螖?shù)形式：（二、三、一） 即：you/ he/ I復(fù)數(shù)形式：（一、二、三） 即；we/ you/ they第三張，PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月（二）、名詞性物主代詞和形容詞性物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞在句中做定語(yǔ)修飾名詞，一般不單獨(dú)使用。名詞性物主代詞常用來(lái)避免與前面提及的名詞重復(fù)，相當(dāng)于“形容詞性物主代詞+名詞”。eg: This is my dictionary. Where is yours?名詞性物主代詞可用在of 后面做定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于“ of +名詞所有格” ，表示帶有部分概念或有一定的感情色彩。eg: He i

3、s a friend of mine.第四張，PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月二、it的用法it既是賓格又可以做主格，有時(shí)也可以指人。1. 代表前面提到過(guò)的事物。如： My pen is missing. I cant find it anywhere.2. 用來(lái)指人，主要指嬰兒或者身份不明的人。 -Who is knocking at the door? -It is me. The woman had a baby. It was five months old.第五張，PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月二、it的用法3. 表示時(shí)間、距離、天氣等。如： It will be su

4、nny tomorrow.4. 作形式主語(yǔ)或者形式賓語(yǔ)。如： I found it difficult to learn English well first. It is impossible for us to learn a foreign language.第六張，PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月三、反身代詞的用法定義：反身代詞又稱自身代詞，由第一人稱、第二人稱形容詞性物主代詞和第三人稱人稱代詞賓格，單數(shù)加詞尾self、復(fù)數(shù)加詞尾selves 構(gòu)成，可用口訣簡(jiǎn)記如下：反身代詞表自身，self與selves單數(shù)、復(fù)分。 一、二人稱形代后，第三人稱改用賓。在句子中，反身代詞可作動(dòng)詞或

5、介詞的賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)，也可用口訣簡(jiǎn)記：反身代詞三成分：賓、表同位反自身。第七張，PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月三、反身代詞的用法（一）作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)反身代詞可以與enjoy, hurt, teach, look after等詞連用，表明動(dòng)作的承受者就是主語(yǔ)本身。1. enjoy oneself = have a good time Did you enjoy yourself at the party last night?2. help oneself (to sth.) 隨便吃點(diǎn)什么，后面可接食物，一般用在宴會(huì)當(dāng)中，用來(lái)招呼客人的用語(yǔ)。 Help yourselve

6、s to some fruit, children.第八張，PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月三、反身代詞的用法3. hurt oneself 傷著自己 She didnt hurt herself.4. teach oneself = learn by oneself自學(xué) Did you teach yourself English ?= Did you learn English by yourself?5. look after oneself 照顧自己 I can look after myself well, thanks.第九張，PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月三、反身代

7、詞的用法6. say to oneself自言自語(yǔ) Mary said to herself, “ What shall I do?”7. come to oneself蘇醒 Soon the lady came to herself.8. make oneself + 過(guò)去分詞，使自己被別人 She did her best to make herself understood.9. make yourself at home別客氣，讓自己像在家一樣 Help yourself to some fish. Make yourself at home.10. lose oneself in沉浸

8、于陶醉于 They both lost themselves in the beautiful music.第十張，PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月三、反身代詞的用法（二） 反身代詞和介詞連用構(gòu)成介詞賓語(yǔ)1. by oneself = alone自己做 She has done her homework by herself.2. for oneself為自己 She made the skirt for herself.3. of oneself自然而然的、自動(dòng)的 The door opened of itself.4. among themselves在他們中間 They are d

9、iscussing the matter among themselves.第十一張，PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月三、反身代詞的用法（三）作表語(yǔ)反身代詞可與be動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞連用，表示或描述一種感覺、情緒或狀態(tài)。 The little boy was myself.（四）用作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)，往往用來(lái)加強(qiáng)名詞或代詞的語(yǔ)氣，在句中可置于名詞、代詞之前、之后或句子末尾。1. 作主語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ) You will have to do it yourself. He himself wrote the words and music of the songs.作賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ) I will gi

10、ve the letter to your brother himself. Youd better ask Mary herself about it.第十二張，PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月四、指示代詞this/ that/ these/ those單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)用法1用法2thisthese近指指下文將要提及的事thatthose遠(yuǎn)指指前面剛提過(guò)的事【辨析】one, it, that it 常用來(lái)特指上下文提到的同類事物，用來(lái)指可數(shù)名詞或者不可數(shù)名詞，one泛指上下文提及的同類事物中的一份子，用于代替可數(shù)名詞，that常用在比較等級(jí)中，代表前面提到的名詞，以避免重復(fù)。The book

11、is mine. It is very interesting.I have some apples. You can have one.The weather of Dalian is much wetter than that of Lanzhou.第十三張，PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月五、不定代詞some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等（一）some 與 anysome 常用于肯定句中，當(dāng)說(shuō)話者期望得到對(duì)方的肯定回答或表示請(qǐng)求建議時(shí)，可以用在疑問(wèn)句中；any常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中，當(dāng)any表示“任何”時(shí)，可用于肯定句。

12、There arent any students in the classroom. -Would you like some bread? -Yes, please.第十四張，PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月五、不定代詞some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等（二）辨析both, neither, either, all, noneboth, neither和 either這三個(gè)詞用于兩者或兩者之間，both表示“兩者都”，用于肯定句；neither與both互為反義詞，意為“兩者都不”；either表示“兩者之中任何一個(gè)”（或

13、者用于否定句中，表示“也”）。all和none都用于三者或者三者以上，all表示“全部、都”，none表示“沒有任何人或物”。第十五張，PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月五、不定代詞some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等【辨析】so/ neither+助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)！和so/ neither+主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞！so +（be、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）+主語(yǔ)，意為“也”，“同樣”。表示前面所說(shuō)的情況也適合于另一個(gè)人（物），此句是一倒裝句。neither用法與之相反。so +主語(yǔ)+（be、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞），表示“贊同”，意為“不錯(cuò)、的確、確實(shí)”

14、。注意：前后兩個(gè)句子指的是同一個(gè)人。同樣，neither的用法與之相反。第十六張，PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月五、不定代詞some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等（三）many&muchmany 和much都有“許多”的意思，many用來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，much用來(lái)修飾不可數(shù)名詞。名詞修飾語(yǔ)一覽表常修飾可數(shù)名詞的詞或短語(yǔ)常修飾不可數(shù)名詞的詞或短語(yǔ)既可修飾可數(shù)名詞又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞的詞或短語(yǔ)each, every, several, few, a few, many, too many, a number of, many a

15、/an, only a few, quite a fewlittle, a little, much, too much, a good/ great deal of, a bit of, a small/ large/ huge amount ofsome, any, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, enough, all the rest of第十七張，PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月五、不定代詞some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等（四）a few, a little, few, little表

16、示肯定，“有幾個(gè)，有點(diǎn)”表示否定，“沒多少，很少”后加名詞a fewfew可數(shù)名詞a littlelittle不可數(shù)名詞第十八張，PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月五、不定代詞some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等each和every“每一個(gè)”each=everyShe knows each student of the class.她認(rèn)識(shí)班級(jí)中的每個(gè)學(xué)生。She knows every student of the class.她認(rèn)識(shí)班級(jí)中的所有學(xué)生。Each of them doesnt smoke.每個(gè)人都不吸煙。every

17、卻只有形容詞詞性，不可單獨(dú)使用。each作代詞，與of連用重于個(gè)體強(qiáng)調(diào)整體第十九張，PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月五、不定代詞some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等（六）圖解other系列不定代詞 one（一個(gè)） the other（另一個(gè)） one（一個(gè)） another（其余的任一個(gè)） one（一個(gè)） the others（其余的全部） some（一些） others（其余的一部分）some（一些） the others（其余的全部）第二十張，PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月六、復(fù)合不定代詞指物指人everythin

18、geveryone， everybodysomethingsomeone， somebodyanythinganyone，anybody nothingno one, nobody第二十一張，PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月六、復(fù)合不定代詞注：1. 這些詞后一般都不可接of短語(yǔ)。2. 這些詞一般沒有詞形變化，但以-one或-body結(jié)尾的詞能帶所有格詞尾。如：Everyones life was in danger. 3. 這些詞修飾形容詞或者副詞時(shí)，形容詞或者副詞都需要后置。4. 這些復(fù)合代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。5. 在反意疑問(wèn)句中，當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是everybody，so

19、meone等指人的復(fù)合代詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)往往用they，也可以用he；若陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是anything， nothing等指物的復(fù)合代詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)用it。如： Everyone knows this, doesnt he/ dont they? Everything seems all right, doesnt it ?第二十二張，PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月七、相互代詞each other; one another.表示兩個(gè)人或事物之間的相互關(guān)系用each other, 表示三個(gè)或者三個(gè)以上的人或事物之間的相互關(guān)系時(shí)，用one another或each other都

20、可以，也就是說(shuō)one anther一般不用于兩者之間的相互關(guān)系。其所有格形式是each other s和one another s，兩者常可互換。第二十三張，PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月八、疑問(wèn)代詞及關(guān)系代詞（一）疑問(wèn)代詞1. who，whom都表示“誰(shuí)”，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)用who，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)用whom。Who在特殊疑問(wèn)句中可以替換whom，但當(dāng)疑問(wèn)詞作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，且介詞又置于句首時(shí)，只能用whom。 With whom did you talk just now? Who (whom) are you waiting for?2. which, what在特殊疑問(wèn)句作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，后面必須緊跟一個(gè)

21、名詞。 What class are you in?第二十四張，PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月八、疑問(wèn)代詞及關(guān)系代詞（二）關(guān)系代詞This is the doctor who came here yesterday.The man whom you saw last week has left the town.I know the woman whose husband is a doctor.The room which you can see by the river is a reading room.主格賓格所有格指人whowhomwhose指人或物which /第二十五張，

22、PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月練習(xí)一：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)選擇1. Please send_ best wishes to Mary. A. I B. me C. my D. mine2. This is my book. _are over there. A. Your B. Yours C. You D. Mine3. _ have a lot of homework to do. A. He, you and I B. You, he and I C. I, you and he D.I, he and you 4. The man downstairs found _ very difficu

23、lt to get to sleep. A. that B. them C. it D. its5. -Hi, Jim. Is this your bike or Toms? - Its mine, not_. A. hers B. yours C. his D. himCBBCC第二十六張，PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月練習(xí)一：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)選擇6. Tom is here, and a friend of _ is here, too. A. his father B. his fathers C. hes father D. he father7. Help _ to some fish,

24、 Jenny. A. yourselves B. yourself C. himself D. herself8. The boys and girls seemed to enjoy_ in the park. A. themselves B. them C. they D. their9. - Is this model plane yours? - Yes, its mine. It is made by_. A. myself B. yourself C. himself D. herself10. Mr. Green taught_ English in our school and

25、 taught_ French at home. A. us his B. him us C. us himself D. our himselfBBAAC第二十七張，PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月練習(xí)一：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)選擇11. -Could you offer me _ juice, sir? -Im really sorry. I havent got_ now. A. any; any B. some; any C. some; some D. any; some12. Is there _ with your bike? A. anything wrong B. wrong anyth

26、ing C. something wrong D. wrong something13. - Im leaving for the exam. Bye-bye, Mum. - Well, make sure youve got_ ready. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing14. He can speak _ French, but not_. A. some, much B. any, much C. much, many D. many, any15. Money is important in my life, but

27、it isnt _ to me. A. everything B. something C. nothing D. anythingBACAA第二十八張，PPT共三十一頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月練習(xí)一：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)選擇16. - Could I have some milk? - Certainly. Theres_ in the bottle. A. little B. a little C. a few D. few17. I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I dont have enough money to buy_. A. one B. it C. this D. that18. This apple