中考英語復(fù)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時

1、第五講：現(xiàn)在完成時Name: Grade:Learning Aims:Review what we have learned yesterday:現(xiàn)在 完成時Try to memorize some new words and phrasesFinish some exercisesReviewingKnowledge Learning一、復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)：現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成：have / has +過去分詞 否認(rèn)式為：have/ has not worked二、復(fù)習(xí)重點：(1)現(xiàn)在完成時的用法：a.現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。b.現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到

2、現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)?？梢院捅硎緩倪^去某一時刻 延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi))的一段時間的狀語連用。(2)通常與表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時間副詞just, already, before, yet, never, ever, for, so far, since, recently ,from then on 等狀語連用。三、現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的構(gòu)成：(1)肯定句：have/has+done”;否認(rèn)：have/has+not+done” (have not= haven91; has not=hasnt)一般疑問句：Have / Has+主語+ done+?肯定回答：Yes, 1/ We / You /They

3、have,或 Yes, He/She/It has.否認(rèn)回答：No, 1/ We / You /They havent.或 No, He/She/It hasnt.或含 No/not/yet / never. (4)特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+have/has +主語+done?漢譯英練習(xí)你曾同你的父母爭吵過嗎？不，從來沒有。 you ever with your parents? No,你曾到另外的省旅行過嗎？是的？ you ever to another province? Yes, I 我剛洗了盤子。我剛洗了盤子。I just the dishes.她已抄了所有的新單詞。She(5)Jim還

4、沒做他的作業(yè)。Jim already all the new words, his homework yet.(6)你包過餃子嗎？ you ever dumplings?我從未聽過這首歌。他們以前去過巴黎嗎？I to the song. they to Paris ?迄念這止，他學(xué)了多少首歌？ How many songs he so far?(10)你給你的筆友寫了多少封信？letters you to your pen pal?四、現(xiàn)在完成時動詞的延續(xù)性(1) “延續(xù)性”動詞：表示延續(xù)的情況或動作的動詞,如wait, live, be, have, know, work, study, l

5、earn, teach, speak, talk, draw, wear, walk, sleep等。它們的現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)可以和表示一段時間的 狀語連用。再如：Mr Li has taught this class for two years.How many years have you lived here?Ive known him since ten years ago.(2)延續(xù)性動詞的時間狀語：現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)可和包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)的(到說話時仍未結(jié)束)表示一段時間的狀語連用，如: this morning(afternoon, evening), today, this week(mon

6、th, year), these days(目 前),so far(= at the moment)到目前 為止，before, up till /to now(至今為 止)，lately(=recently)最近，in the past/lastyears(在過去的年里)，all one與 life.備注：用how long提問“非延續(xù)性”動詞:表示的動作不能延續(xù)，只是一瞬間就結(jié)束的動作，常見的有：come, go, arrive, reach, see, hear, leave, begin, start, lose, buy, close, fall, join, die, get up

7、 ,move 等。 官們衛(wèi) 以用于完成時態(tài)，說明某個動作的結(jié)果還存在，如：He has come back.他已回來。(他現(xiàn)在在這里。)The film has begun.電影已開映。(現(xiàn)在正放映著。)肯定句中： 這類動詞不能和表示一段時間的狀語連用。像 He has come back for a week.這樣的 句 子 是錯誤的，因為come baqk的動 作不可 能延續(xù)一個星期。如何表達“回來已一星期”這個概念？即如何將非延續(xù)性動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為延續(xù)性動詞?將come back改為be back,以表達“回來”這一狀態(tài)持續(xù)了多久:He has been back for a week.還可改

8、用一般過去時來表示已“回來一星期”：He came back a week aeo. （a week ago是表示過去時間的狀語，句中動詞只能用一般過去 時，不能用現(xiàn)在完成時。）It has been/is since+ 一般過去時Its a week since he came back.（句中的 It 指的是時間，應(yīng)說 It has been.,而習(xí)慣上說 It is. 即可。Since為連詞，引導(dǎo)一般過去時從句。）多長時間+has passed +since+一般過去時Eg. A week has passed since he came back.Exercises:用四種方式翻譯以下

9、句子：電影已開始 小時了。（starta be on ）他離開這已經(jīng) 10 年了。（leave be away） （4）在否認(rèn)句中,非延續(xù)性動詞也可用表示一段時間的狀語來修飾。例如:I havent heard from my uncle for a long time.我很久沒有收至U 叔叔的信 了。We haven?t seen him since 1992.自從1992年以來我們沒有見到過他。She hasnt left home all her life.她一生沒有離開過家。（5）非延續(xù)性動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為延續(xù)性動詞：（必背內(nèi)容）diebe dead(死亡)leave, move-be awa

10、y, be off, be out of buyhavejoinbe in, be a member ofhave gothaveclosebe closedreturnbe backwakebe awakeget upbe upfall asleep(ill)be asleep(ill)get to sleepsleepbegin to studystudylosebe lostdiebe dead(死亡)leave, move-be away, be off, be out of buyhavejoinbe in, be a member ofhave gothaveclosebe clo

11、sedreturnbe backwakebe awakeget upbe upfall asleep(ill)be asleep(ill)get to sleepsleepbegin to studystudylosebe lostdiebe dead(死亡)leave, move-be away, be off, be out of buyhavejoinbe in, be a member ofhave gothaveclosebe closedreturnbe backwakebe awakeget upbe upfall asleep(ill)be asleep(ill)get to

12、sleepsleepbegin to studystudylosebe lostdiebe dead(死亡)leave, move-be away, be off, be out of buyhavejoinbe in, be a member ofhave gothaveclosebe closedreturnbe backwakebe awakeget upbe upfall asleep(ill)be asleep(ill)get to sleepsleepbegin to studystudylosebe lostarrive, comebe here ,be inbecomebebe

13、gin, starbe onmarry(v 結(jié)4昏)be/get marriedopenbe openborrowkeepput onwearbreakbe brokengo outbe outfinish, endbe overget to knowknowcatch a coldhave a cold(6)練習(xí)：將非延續(xù)性動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為延續(xù)性動詞l)He has become a doctor. He has a doctor for 2 years.2)He has joined the party. 一He has the party for 3 hours.3)The shop open

14、ed 3 years ago.一 The shop since 3 years ago.4)1 haveborrowed the book. I have the book for 2 weeks.5)She has bought the pen.一 She has the pen for one year.6)He has ended the task. 一He the task since 2 days ago.7)The little boyjiasjost.The little boy has for several days.8)She has died.She for 3 year

15、s.9)The tower hasJjrQken.The tower has since 2000.10)The meeting hasJbegun.The meeting has for 5 minutes.11 )She has arrived here.一She has here for a few days.12)1 have goUip. I have since 5 oclock in the morning.二、重要句型：have / has been to+sp.（曾去過某地，但人已經(jīng)回來，側(cè)重經(jīng)歷）have / has gone to+ sp 他從未去過水族:夕官。Hethe

16、 aquarium.6、史密斯先生三年前就已在北京了。Mr. Smith Beijing since 3 ago.Part 3 Exercising 完形填空God puts dreams in our hearts. So, we must dream. We lose our 1 and heartaches(心 痛)in dreams. Some dreams are broken 2 some come true. Now, heres my own dream story:Eight years ago, my close friends, a young couple lost t

17、heir baby 3 an accident.Since 4 had that accident, they felt empty. For a long time, they 5 thatGod had given them up. They cried and kept themselves away from family and friends. They travelled far and wide, spending all their resources(資源)，seeing different doctors. B ut 6 worked.Though I have my d

18、own moments, I am a 7 girl. I stay active andthankful 8 I know there9s a reason for every season. I truly love the world and trust God allthe time. One day, I called them to say hello. The wife sounded like someone had 9.When I asked, she said, “I am fine. Nobody died. Just tired.It was time to shar

19、e my one dream with her.“For eight years, I always had a(n)10 dream. You were in it. You were alwayslooking after a child. In the 11, there was always a celebration happening. and youwere in it, with your husband by your side. She was silent. I also had to 12 her that she must never shake her faith (信彳卬).13, she should keep on with each sunrise because God is Hope.God finally 14 the dream of my heart. This winter, this man and wife areexpecting their child. When I got this great news, I was not 15. I do know one thingfor sure: Dreams really do come true when you believe in your drea