2023年高考英語復(fù)習(xí)講練測第12講 閱讀理解推理判斷題（測）（全國通用原卷版）

1、2023年高考英語復(fù)習(xí)講練測第12講閱讀理解推理判斷題（測）時間：45分鐘總分值：60分閱讀理解（每題2分，共60分）A（2017全國高考真題）I never knew much about my mothers father, John leon La Walla. He moved to the city of Melbourne, Australia, in the 1920s, married, and started to raise a family, but died in World War Two. All we had was one framed photo of him

2、 dressed in his army uniform.For some reason, my grandfather had not kept in touch with any of his relatives, although my mother did recall some family names. It wasn*t till 1963 that she finally saw her fathers grave, in the Albury War Cemetery in New South Wales. I fiercely wanted to know more abo

3、ut this man. Who were his parents? Who were his brothers and sisters? Were any of them still alive and, if so, where were they now? Did they ever wonder what become of our John Leon?With the advent （至來）of the Internet, I started searching in earnest in the late 1990s. From my grandfathers records in

4、 the army, I learned he*d listed his birthplace as Hertfordshire England.HI think his surname must have been a false name/ my father said. This made me upset but I put it aside, concentrating instead on my fathers line. I joined a genealogy （系譜學(xué)） website and was soon discovering some of my ancestors

5、 from distant relatives. I wrote, I just wish I could find out about my mothers father now,” and told them of my search.In late 2012,1 heard from a very distant relation on my fathers side called Julie, from New Zealand. As a genealogist herself, she*d taken pity on me and spent several weeks on res

6、earch. It was a bombshell when she said she may have found my grandfathers family.Shed searched English census （人口 普查）records and found the surname Waller. The dates and first names matched right down to a brother whod died on the Western Front. Julie had overcome the false name, traced a whole tree

7、 and put me in touch with current - day relatives.Consider it an early Christmas present/1 she said. nJulie had done all this very careful research for a stranger. I will be ever grateful.0What can we learn about the authors grandfather?He was born in Australia.He was a soldier.He died in 1963.He ha

8、d no relatives.Why did the author feel upset when knowing his grandfathers surname may not be real?The Internet was not helpful.His father gave up searching.The genealogy website worked well.His search could not continue. Who finally succeeded in the search ?A. The author *s father.B. Someone named

9、Waller.C. The authors brother.D. Julie, a practical stranger.What is the main idea of the text?A. The search of the family root.B. The powerful Internet. C The story of a genealogist. D. The gratitude of a young man.B（2017,全國,高考真題）Color is a daily mystery. ROY G B. IV deals with lots of big - pictur

10、e color questions explaining why hams are often red and why NYC taxis are yellow. Todays question： why are Jeans blue?First, whynjeansn? Jeans twin names - denim and jeans - come from the two European ports that supplied two similar fabrics（織物）during the Middle A. ges. Gene fustian was a cotton - li

11、nen - wool blend shipped from genoa. a silk - wool blend called serge de nimes shortened to de nimes or denim, was shipped out of France. B. oth fabrics gradually changed into similar cotton only blends by the 19th century, according to an article titled a short history of denim y historian Lynn Dow

12、ney. B. oth were used to make mens clothing, valued especially for their properly of durability （耐久性） even after many washings.In 1873 Levi Strauss teamed up with Jacob Davis to produce jeans, they sold like hotcakes to Gold Rush miners seeking a durable uniform for fortune - seeking Jeans rapidly c

13、ame to stand for the character of the A. merican West - - rank, energetic, rebellions, and capitalistic.While gold rush miners probably didnt care about how denim looked, they cared a lot about durability, comfort and fit, at the beginning, Straus offered his waist overallsnin two varieties brown co

14、ttonnducknor canvas, and blue denim - - but by 1911 theyd stopped using cotton duck entirely. As historian Downey explains nonce someone had worn a pair of denim pants experiencing its strength, and how the denim became more comfortable with every washing he never wanted to wear duck again； because

15、with cotton duck, you always feel like you re wearing a tent. nSo why are jeans blue? The answer has to do with dye. Unlike most natural dyes that, when heated, penetrate cloth fibers directly indigo （靛藍(lán)）sticks to the cloths threads. With each washing some of these dye molecules are stripped away, t

16、aking bits of the threads with them. The process softens rough fabrics and individualizes the color. This extreme customization made evary pair a second skin.How does the author start talking about jeans ? A. From the quality of the fabrics.B. From a famous historian.C , From their hometowns.D. From

17、 their names.Which of the following helped establish the popularity of jeans in 1873?Hot cakes.A. durable uniform.A. merican character.Gold rush.What can we infer about indigo?It cannot be heated.It can be machine washed.It doesn*t stay fbr a long time.It goes into the cloths fibers directly.By sayi

18、ngnmade every pair a second skinn in the last paragraph, the author most probably means.the pants were made of skin.the pants fitted people well.the dyes were quite natural.the threads became softer and softer.C（2021 ,福建寧德,三模）The first wave of a new class of anti-aging drugs have begun human testing

19、. These drugs wonft let you live longer but aim to treat specific illnesses by slowing a fundamental process of aging.The drugs are called senolyticsthey work by removing certain cells that accumulate as we age. Known as “senescent“ cells, they can create low-level inflammation （炎癥）that prevents nor

20、mal systems of living cells repair and creates a poisonous environment fbr neighboring cells.In June, San Francisco - based Unity Biotechnology reported initial results in patients with mild to severe osteoarthritis （關(guān)節(jié)炎）of the knee. Results from a larger clinical trial are expected in the second ha

21、lf of this year. The company is also developing similar drugs to treat age-related diseases of the eyes and lungs, among other conditions.Senolytics are now in human tests, along with a number of other promising approaches targeting the biological processes that lie at the root of aging and various

22、diseases.A company called Alkahest injects patients with components found in young peoples blood and says it hopes to stop conscious and functional decline in patients suffering from mild to moderate Alzheimefs disease. The company also has drugs fbr Parkinsons and dementia in human testing.And in D

23、ecember, researchers at Drexel University College of Medicine even tried to see if a cream including the immune-suppressing drug could slow aging in human skin.The tests reflect researchers1 expanding efforts to learn if the many diseases associated with getting older- such as heart diseases, arthri

24、tis, cancer, and dementia- can be dealt with to delay their outbreak.Why do the researchers develop the drugs?A. To rid inflammation.B. To lengthen peoples life.D. To remove cancer cells.C , To treat age-related diseases.What does the underlined word senescent in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Repairi

25、ng.B. Cycling.How does the text mainly develop?A. By listing data.C. By making comparisons.Where is this text most likely from?A. A diary.B. A guidebook.Aging.D. Dividing.B By providing details.By analyzing causes.C. A novel.D. A magazineD（2021 云南昆明三模）Sugar has been linked to serious diseases like h

26、eart disease, diabetes and evencancer, which is why it*s vital to cut down on foods and drinks that are high in sugar. Take a look at the drinks that contain a surprising amount of hidden sugars and what you should be eating instead.Fruit juicesWhile fruit juices can contain some important vitamins

27、and minerals, they are typically full of sugar. Unfortunately, the fiber that fruit naturally contains and that helps the body keep blood sugar stable has also been removed. To keep blood sugar levels from rising sharply, choose to eat whole fruits whenever a juice desire comes along.Sports drinksSp

28、orts drinks might seem like the perfect choice fbr hydration while exercising, but they contain a high amount of added sugars as they were designed fbr athletes during fierce and long periods of activity. The only people who actually benefit from sports drinks are professional athletes or marathoner

29、s. Unless thafs you, just stick to plain water.Flavored coffeesFlavored coffees are delicious, but they contain hidden sugars as they often rely on artificial syrups （糖漿） for flavoring. A large flavored coffee at some coffee chains has up to 25 teaspoons of sugar. You can still enjoy your morning cu

30、p of coffee. Just stick to unflavored and unsweetened versions and avoid creamers high in sugar.Iced teasIced teas can be extremely refreshing on a hot day, but theyre typically over-sweetened with sugar or syrups. Some brands of iced tea actually contain a surprising 33 grams of sugar in a 355-mill

31、iliter serving. So9 look fbr iced teas without any added sugar or make your own at home so you can save money and control what goes into it.How do fruit juices benefit people?A , They provide necessary minerals.B. They refuel people during sports.C. They energize people in the morning.D. They refres

32、h people on hot days.What are common people advised to have while exercising?A. Fruit juices. B. Flavored coffees. C. Natural water. D. Iced teas. Whats the purpose of the text?A. To introduce four nutritious drinks.B. To discuss the advantages of drinks.C. To share ways to make drinks at home.D. To

33、 wann readers against high-sugar drinks.E（2021 甘肅省民樂縣第一中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測）My doctor took me for a walk around the farm where she lives. I was physically and emotionally exhausted and discouraged by anxiety and depression.The place was full of life. There were insects, horses, rabbits and a cat. She told me to f

34、ocus on my body in the environment.When I was ill, I tended to retreat into my mind and disconnect from here and now. So, when I met a horse named Fira, I expected nothing.As I got closer to Fira, she nuzzled her nose into my chest, putting a gentle pressure over my heart. Something happened inside

35、me: I felt as if I had reached a wellspring of past hurts, fears and failings. I began to melt emotionally.I patted Firas nose and breathed in her smell. I found I didnt have to concentrate on feeling better; Fira helped me feel loved and safe.I worked with Fira often, learning basic communication a

36、nd leading methods to work together with her. Initially, I wasnt sure exactly what one would do with a horse except riding it. But I knew that Fira had touched me in an uncommon way and had made me feel better. She connected with me by responding to my emotional state and reflecting it back to me in

37、 an open, affectionate way.In my meetings with Fira, I found that I lost my usual self-consciousness, and I would fbcus entirely on communicating.I learned to live in the present, to fbcus on what was happening this day, in this moment, in this place. I learned to forget the past, with all its hurts

38、. I learned to forget the future, which hasnt happened yet. When you stand beside a horse, you exist completely in the moment.With Fira by my side, I saw into a life in which trust comes first, and compassion follows.I found a deep peace in leading her along a path, by using my own power of intentio

39、n to indicate whether to start, stop, turn left or turn right. I felt an inner quiet and even joy. My work with this horse was part of a journey out of a very dark night in my soul.What do we know about the author from the first three paragraphs?A.She loves animals very much.B.Shesuffered from menta

40、l illness.C.She went to a doctor with high hopes.D.She often lost consciousness.When she met Fira for the first time, the author.A.felt deeply touchedB.had an emotional breakdownC became grateful for her past painD.was curious about what wouldhappenWhen the author and Fira worked together,.the autho

41、r had to try hard to feel betterFira helped the author fbcus on her thoughtsthe author recalled her past hurts, fears and failingsFira accepted the authors emotions and reacted positively 19. What did the author learn during her time with Fira?It is important to live in the moment.One shouldnt be af

42、fected by emotions.One should learn lessons from the past.It is necessary to show compassion to others.F（2021 四川德陽三模）Each year, about 250 billion to-go cups serve coffee and tea from places like Starbucks and McDonalds are produced to satisfy the worlds love fbr hot drinks on the run. These paper-ba

43、sed cups have the inside surface covered with plastic to prevent water from escaping, and keep water from being absorbed into the material. Despite this, that also removes any opportunity fbr the cups to be biodegradable （可生 物降解的）.The materials that created these cups of goodness and convenience are

44、 recyclable but only if separated. In addition, the demand fbr such resources is low, so they are worth next to nothing.In response to this great challenge, NextGen Consortium, multi-year partnership led by Starbucks and McDonalds launched their first big initiative （建議）一NextGen Cup. The first step

45、in NextGen Cup was an open competition where participants presented ideas for sleeves, cups, lids and other parts of the hot-cold paper-based takeaway coffee cup that would make it reusable, recyclable, or biodegradable; to finally be widely used. 12 winners, announced in 2019, shared a prize of $1

46、million, as well as personalized growth, and support from members of NextGen Consortium.Later, they launched two pilot programs at independent coffee shops in California. In one case, customers were given “smart“ reusable cups made mostly from recyclable plastic. They then could drop their empties i

47、nto collection containers at key locations, fbr washing and reuse. These cups were printed with RFID chips or QR codes, through which coffee shops can know where there is the greatest need fbr collection containers and how many are not using them.To reduce coffee cup waste, Cup Club is already repla

48、cing millions of takeaway cups in the UK, while Recup in Germany, has performed a deposit system that simply adds a small extra fee to any coffee cup which is returned to the buyer after the cup is deposited in any registered collection point.What can we say about the paper-based cups?A. They can ab

49、sorb water easily.B. They are not popular in life.C. They cant be easily recycled.D. They are attractive in low price.Whafs the theme of the NextGen Cup?Separating recyclable materials from the cups.Making the cups green and easily available.Reducing the unnecessary parts of the cups. D. Gaining the

50、 support from their partners.Whats the function of RFID chips or QR codes?Knowing about customers9 preference fbr coffee shops.Collecting the infbnnation on which shop is empty.Helping choose where customer can drink cofifee.Making the recycling of cups more efficient.What does the word “which” in t

51、he last paragraph refer to?A. A collection point.B. A deposit system.C. A small extra fee.D. Any coffee cup.G（2021 山東泰安一1模）Buying clothes for a special event, hiding the price tickets and returning them to the store the next day has fbr years been the method of economical shoppers. Today people are

52、doing it just fbr social media.A survey conducted by the credit card company Barclaycard revealed that nearly one in ten UK shoppers admits to buying clothing only to post photos on social media fbr likes. After the outfit （裝束）of the day“ makes it online, they return it to the store. According to Ba

53、rclaycard, the “try before you buy policy of online retailers （零售商）where people pay fbr clothing they order online after they try it on at home could be contributing to this rising trend.But the rise of social media has meant that everyone, not just superstars, expects to build and maintain a person

54、al brand. Since were documenting our lives and posting them online fbr public judgment, getting caught in the same outfits more than once should be avoided. And the cost of all those outfits of the day adds up, which makes returning a popular way.There are brands that tailor clothes specifically fbr

55、 social media shoppers, like Fashion Nova. These are clothes made fbr social media: meant to be worn once, photographed and abandoned J Allison P. Davis wrote in her report about the brand. Another favorite of the social media age is Rent the Runway, which lets customers rent designer clothing for a

56、 fee.Some, however, are moving in the opposite direction. Groups promoting “work uniforms“ have increased greatly in recent years, aiming to free women from the annoyance of clothing decisions”. The concept of the “capsule wardrobe”（膠囊衣柜）,which calls fbr purchasing a small number of high-quality pie

57、ces instead of lots of trendy throwaway clothes, is also making a comeback.What does the survey by Barclaycard indicate?Some Britons send outfits back after shoots.Britons try on clothes before online purchases.Britons follow the fashion stars closely.Some Britons over-order and return clothes.Whafs

58、 Fashion Novas special service?Renting chargeable designer clothes.Offering customers single-use clothes.Creating unique shopping experiences.Helping shoppers improve their clothing style.Whafs the idea behind the capsule wardrobe?A. Better fewer, but better.B. Less addition, but more enjoyment.C. L

59、ess uniform and more freedom.D. More choices and less annoyance.Whats the purpose of the author to write the text?To compare different wearing trends.To criticize the “try before you buy“ policy.To advocate buying high-quality clothes.D. To introduce Britains new wearing trend.H（2021 1可南關(guān)B州三模）There

60、you are, looking through your WeChat moments or your Weibo feed, and you come across a post saying something like this: I just got accepted to Harvard and Oxford! Are they sure they didnt mix my applications up with somebody elses?”This person is clearly humblebragging. The term “humblebrag“ was fir