蒙大英語(yǔ)國(guó)家-英國(guó)概況擴(kuò)展課件03 Commonwealth

1、Lecture NineThe CommonwealthContentsWarm-Up 1Language Study2Detailed Study 3Extension4Warm-Up Discuss the Following QuestionsWhat is “Commonwealth”?What is color problem in Britain? The Commonwealth of Nations: 英聯(lián)邦Language Study Aborigines: 土著居民 Maori: 新西蘭土著居民毛利人 headquarter: 總部 Eskimo: 愛(ài)斯基摩人Detaile

2、d StudyCommonwealth main elementsSymbolDetailed StudyGroupsCountriesBritish InfluencesWhat is “Commonwealth”?Worldwide association of nations and their dependencies, whose members share a common commitment to promoting human rights, democracy, and economic development. All members accept the British

3、 monarch as the symbolic head of the Commonwealth. About 1.8 billion people live in the 53 independent nations. SymbolThis design incorporates the image of the globe used in the original logo and the spears that make up the letter C The radiating spears do not represent the number of countries in th

4、e Commonwealth but symbolise the many facets of Commonwealth cooperation around the world. Flag It is flown at Marlborough House, London, the headquarters of the Commonwealth Secretariat British Influences to the CommonwealthMany have parliamentary systems of government on the British modelTheir jud

5、icial and educational institutions are often similar to those in Britain. English is an official language of many members of the Commonwealth. Since 1977, the second Monday in March has been celebrated as Commonwealth Day.On that day the British Monarch, as the head of the Commonwealth, presents an

6、annual message to all member countries.The Commonwealth is a flexible and informal associationFunction: to encourage communication and cooperation among its diverse members.Secretariat: established in 1965 in London, headed by the secretary general.Meetings: the heads discuss problems every two year

7、s at CHOGMThe heads of Commonwealth governments meet to discuss common problems: in education, health, finance, science, law, womens issues, youth affairs, and various technical fields. Three GroupsWhite territoriesNon-white territoriesMixed territoriesWhite territoriesCountries included:Inhabitants

8、 CanadaAustralia New ZealandMainly British immigrantsNative peoplesIndians, Eskimos, Aborigines, MaorisNon-white territoriesCountries included:Settlement ReasonTropical and sub-tropical (India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, West Africa, Malaya)To trade and to establish plantationsMixed territories Inhabitant

9、s Partly white & partly non-whiteColour problems in BritainHow did colour problem come into being in Britain?Why did it often occur?The Race Relations BoardThe Commonwealth of NationsAmerica 13 countriesCanada Antigua and Barbuda (安提瓜巴步達(dá)島 加勒比海東岸)Trinidad and Tobago (特立尼達(dá)和多巴哥 拉美島國(guó))St Kitts and Nevis

10、(圣基茨和尼維斯聯(lián)邦 東加勒比海 )Dominica (多米尼克 西印度群島)Barbados (巴巴多斯島 西印度群島)Belize (伯利茲 洪都拉斯首都 中美加勒比海)St Lucia (圣盧希亞 加勒比海)Grenada (格林納達(dá) 東加勒比海 )Guyana (圭亞那 拉美)Jamaica (牙買加 加勒比海的西北部)The Bahamas (巴哈馬群島 西印度群島) St Vincent and the Grenadin (圣文森特和格林納丁斯 加勒比海)Oceania 11 countriesAustralia New Zealand Solomon (所羅門群島 西南太平洋)V

11、anuatu ( 瓦努阿圖西南太平洋島國(guó))Kiribati (基里巴斯共和國(guó) 西太平洋) Tonga (湯加王國(guó) 南太平洋) Fiji island (斐濟(jì))Tuvalu (圖瓦盧 西太平洋島國(guó)) Papua (巴布亞新幾內(nèi)亞獨(dú)立國(guó) 太平洋澳大利亞北)Samoa (薩摩亞獨(dú)立國(guó) 南太平洋) Nauru (瑙魯 西太平洋島國(guó)) Europe 2 countriesThe UKMalta (馬耳他 地中海)Asia 9 countriesMaldives (馬爾代夫 亞洲島國(guó)) Bangladesh (孟加拉國(guó) 亞洲)Cyprus (塞浦路斯 地中海)Brunei (文萊 婆羅洲島 )Singap

12、ore (新加坡 東南亞)India Pakistan (巴基斯坦 南亞)Sri Lanka (斯里蘭卡 南亞)Malaysia (馬來(lái)群島)Africa 19 countriesGhana (加納 非洲)Malawi (馬拉維 非洲)Cameroon (喀麥隆 非洲)Botswana (博茨瓦納 南非)Kenya (肯尼亞 非洲)Lesotho (萊索托 非洲) Mauritius (毛里求斯 非洲島國(guó))Mozambique (莫桑比克 非洲) Namibia (納米比亞 非洲)Nigeria (尼日利亞 非洲) Seychelles (塞舌爾 歐、亞、非三大洲中心地帶 )Sierra Le

13、one (塞拉利昂 西非)South-Africa (南非)Swaziland (斯威士蘭 非洲)The Gambia (岡比亞 非洲)Uganda (烏干達(dá) 東非) United Republic of Tanzania (坦桑尼亞 東非)Zambia (贊比亞 非洲)Republika yu Rwanda 盧旺達(dá)Headquarters Official language Membership Head Marlborough House, London, United Kingdom English54 sovereign states Queen Elizabeth II Extension Cultural NotesAssignmentCultural NotesThe Commonwealth of Nations: 英聯(lián)邦是1931年成立的。第一次世界大戰(zhàn)后，英國(guó)殖民體系土崩瓦解。為了維持其既得利益，英國(guó)政府把那些新近獨(dú)立的或正在獨(dú)立的英屬殖民地拉在一起，成立英聯(lián)邦，企圖通過(guò)政治經(jīng)濟(jì)和外交上的所謂協(xié)商和合作達(dá)到控制的目的。女王名以上