2021屆 高中英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)之高中真題閱讀詞塊精析（十五）

1、學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精2021高考英語復(fù)習(xí)之高考真題閱讀詞塊精析（十五)2020全國一卷（C篇)Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running， research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries。 It does, however, have its own problem.Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and fi

2、eld event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sports rules require that a race walkers knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact （接觸) with the ground at all times。 Its this strange fo

3、rm that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg， an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem， Mass.Like running， race walking is physically demanding， she says， According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six

4、 miles per hour would burn about 800 calories（卡路里） per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1，000 or more calories per hour.However， race walking does not pound the body as much as running does， Dr。 Norber

5、g says。 According to her research， runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers， who do not leave the ground， create only about 1。4 times their body weight with each step.As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as

6、runners knee， are uncommon among race walkers。 But the sports strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport。 In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coa

7、ch or experienced racer to learn proper technique， she says。 It takes some practice.詞塊梳理1：race n。 種族，人種;家庭，門弟;屬，種 vt。 和競賽；使急走，使全速行進(jìn);使參加比賽詞組習(xí)慣用語races n. 競賽（race的復(fù)數(shù)形式）；賽馬會; v. 和競賽；參加競賽;急行(race的第三人稱單數(shù)形式）;foot race 競走rat race n. 激烈競爭(商業(yè)上）;無意義的競爭；環(huán)形導(dǎo)波管white race 白種人race walking 競走wheelbarrow race 推小車比賽;手

8、推車比賽race track 競賽的跑道;核 跑道形電磁分離器head race 水利 引水道racing driver 賽車駕駛員 2：fitnessn。 健康；適當(dāng),適合近義詞：n。 suitability， suitableness, condition, shape, soundness， competence, competency反義詞:n。 unfitness， softness, poor shape， bad condition詞組 | 習(xí)慣用語physical fitness 身體健康;體力；身體適宜性fitness equipment 健身器材fitness center

9、 健身中心；健身房fitness club 健身俱樂部fitness training 體能訓(xùn)練；體育訓(xùn)練fitness test 適合性試驗(yàn)fitness instructor 健美師；健身指導(dǎo)physical fitness test 體能測驗(yàn)；身體適宜性測驗(yàn)3：benefitvt.&vi。有益于,得益n。益處,好處救濟(jì)金,保險金時態(tài)：benefited alsobenefittedbenefiting benefittingbenefits 近義詞：n。payment，good,goodness,performance,publicpresentationv.get,acquire，he

10、lp,aid解析：avail：較文雅，常見于歷史小說、演說或講道中,較少用于日常話語，側(cè)重功效或效力。benefit：通常既可指個人情況(如身體、智力或精神狀態(tài)等）的好轉(zhuǎn)或改善，又可指對實(shí)現(xiàn)某個目標(biāo)等帶來的好處。profit：著重于物質(zhì)方面的受益,常用于財富或知識等方面的得益。詞組|習(xí)慣用語economicbenefit經(jīng)濟(jì)效益benefitfrom得益于；得利于；因而得到好處mutualbenefit互惠互利socialbenefit社會公益forthebenefitof為的利益equalityandmutualbenefit平等互利benefitby得益于inbenefit有資格得到救濟(jì)金

11、(或補(bǔ)助費(fèi)、撫恤金、保險金）ofbenefitto對。.。有好處ecologicalbenefit生態(tài)效益，生態(tài)效應(yīng)publicbenefit公益maximumbenefit最大利益benefitofthedoubt假定其無過失或無罪（因無充分證據(jù)證明某人有罪）；裁判員對可疑情況無把握時不對有關(guān)運(yùn)動員作不利判定commonbenefit公共福利reciprocityandmutualbenefit互惠互利benefitpackage給付項(xiàng)目;福利待遇benefitsystem福利制度；職工福利制度unemploymentbenefit失業(yè)救濟(jì)金；失業(yè)津貼taxbenefit稅收利益；賦稅優(yōu)惠a

12、dditionalbenefit附加利益；額外利益；附加利益（人身保險）4: problemn. 問題, 疑難問題；習(xí)題， 思考題, 討論題近義詞：n. difficulty， question, head詞組 習(xí)慣用語difficult problem 難題；難問題no problem 沒問題problem solving 解決問題optimization problem 計(jì)優(yōu)化問題；最佳化問題big problem 大問題environmental problem 環(huán)境問題social problem 社會問題scheduling problem 排定問題technical problem

13、 技術(shù)問題practical problem 實(shí)際問題inverse problem 反問題economic problem 經(jīng)濟(jì)問題housing problem 住房問題;房屋問題academic problem 學(xué)術(shù)問題assignment problem 指派問題；分配問題；分派問題;配置問題bottleneck problem 瓶頸問題math problem 數(shù)學(xué)題allocation problem 配置問題,分配問題problem analysis 問題解析financial problem 經(jīng)濟(jì)問題；經(jīng)濟(jì)困難5：conditionedadj。 有條件的，習(xí)慣于的近義詞：adj

14、。 fit, healthy反義詞:n。 unconditioned, innate, unlearned, unfit詞組 習(xí)慣用語air conditioned 空調(diào)的，有空調(diào)的；空調(diào)開放conditioned reflex 條件反射conditioned medium 條件培養(yǎng)基，條件培養(yǎng)液conditioned response 條件反射（等于conditioned reflex）6: throughprep。 穿過；通過;憑借adv。 從頭至尾；徹底adj。 直達(dá)的；過境的;完結(jié)的近義詞：adj. finished, direct反義詞：n。 unfinished， indirect

15、解析：across: 指“從的一邊到另一邊”,強(qiáng)調(diào)橫過，多與動態(tài)動詞連用。along: 指沿著一條直線在水平方向上運(yùn)動.一般表動態(tài),有時也與靜態(tài)動詞連用。over: 常和動態(tài)動詞連用，指“從上面越過”或“橫越”；表靜態(tài)時,指“在彼處。through: 側(cè)重從一端穿到另一端。詞組 | 習(xí)慣用語go through 參加;經(jīng)受；仔細(xì)檢查；被通過all through 一直；始終through with 完成through and through 完全，徹底；徹頭徹尾地through it all 一路走過（歌詞)；經(jīng)過所有（歌詞）go through with 完成,實(shí)行；把進(jìn)行到底o(hù)nce th

16、rough 單程的7：attractiveadj。 吸引的， 有吸引力的, 誘人的, 引起注意的副 詞： attractively名 詞： attractiveness近義詞：adj. bewitching, captivating, enchanting， enthralling, entrancing， fascinating， charismatic反義詞:n。 unattractive, unappealing詞組 習(xí)慣用語attractive appearance 造型美觀attractive force 引力，吸引力attractive designs 款式新穎；款式新奇attra

17、ctive and durable 美觀耐用8: exercise1。n。 練習(xí)；運(yùn)動；運(yùn)用；操練；典禮；禮拜 2。 vt. 練習(xí)；鍛煉；使用；使忙碌；使驚恐詞組習(xí)慣用語exercisable adj. 可操作的；可運(yùn)用的；可實(shí)行的exerciser n. 做運(yùn)動的人；肌肉鍛練器具；試驗(yàn)程序military exercise 軍事演習(xí)floor exercise 自由體操warm-up exercise 準(zhǔn)備活動; 熱身活動;exercise prescription 運(yùn)動處方hoop exercise 圈操compulsory exercise 規(guī)定動作exercise mat 體操墊aer

18、obic exercise 有氧運(yùn)動短語:conditioning exercises coordination exercises 保健操Hit Exercise Hit-resistive Exercise 搏擊散打系列physical exercise program exercise 健身操warm-down exercises 放松操練Abdominal exercises 腹肌練習(xí); 腹部練習(xí);hypoxic exercises 低氧運(yùn)動exercise regularly 經(jīng)常運(yùn)動; 定期運(yùn)動; 規(guī)律的運(yùn)動；digressive exercise 離心運(yùn)動9：physicalad

19、j。 身體的;物質(zhì)的；物理的n. 口體格檢查名 詞： physicality副 詞： physically近義詞:adj. carnal, fleshly, sensual， bodily, corporal, corporeal反義詞：n. mental， immaterial， nonmaterial， supernatural， lethargic, unergetic, forceless詞組 | 習(xí)慣用語physical education n。 體育課；體育教育physical model 物理模型；實(shí)體模型physical property 物理性質(zhì)；實(shí)物財產(chǎn)physical c

20、hemistry 物理化學(xué)physical training n。 體育；體能訓(xùn)練；身體訓(xùn)練physical fitness 身體健康；體力；身體適宜性physical activity 身體活動，體育活動;體力活動physical examination 體格檢查physical exercise 體育運(yùn)動；身體操練physical health 身體健康physical distribution 物流，物資調(diào)運(yùn)physical strength n。 體力physical condition 身體狀況；實(shí)際條件；物理狀態(tài)physical culture n。 體育physical qual

21、ity 身體素質(zhì)physical therapy n. 物理治療法physical geography 自然地理學(xué)physical environment 物理環(huán)境，實(shí)體環(huán)境；自然環(huán)境physical process 物理過程；自理過程physical world 物質(zhì)世界；物理世界 10：researchn. 研究; 探討vi. 做研究， 探究, 研究， 探討vt。 從事的研究， 為而做研究時 態(tài)： researched, researching， researches 近義詞:n。 investigation, investigating, problem solvingv。 invest

22、igate， look into解析：inquiry: 普通常用詞，指正式調(diào)查,也指一般的打聽或查詢.investigation: 一般指有系統(tǒng)的調(diào)查以得到希望發(fā)現(xiàn)或需要知道的事。research: 指科學(xué)工作者等為揭示自然規(guī)律或獲取某個領(lǐng)域的新知識而進(jìn)行長時間的調(diào)查研究。survey： 多指為寫書面報告而進(jìn)行的民意測驗(yàn)或調(diào)查。詞組 習(xí)慣用語research and development （產(chǎn)品等的）研究與開發(fā)scientific research 科學(xué)研究research results 研究結(jié)果，研究成果research institute 研究機(jī)構(gòu)，研究所research work 調(diào)

23、查研究工作research center 研究中心research into 探究,研究；調(diào)查experimental research 實(shí)驗(yàn)性研究；試驗(yàn)調(diào)查research method 研究方法；研究模式market research n。 市場調(diào)查research field 研究領(lǐng)域basic research 基本研究research area 研究方向academic research 學(xué)術(shù)研究research project 研究項(xiàng)目empirical research 經(jīng)驗(yàn)研究，實(shí)證研究;實(shí)征性研究research group 研究小組medical research 醫(yī)學(xué)研究;醫(yī)療研究research team 研究小組；科學(xué)研究組research findings 研究成果；研究發(fā)現(xiàn)11:hit vt. 襲擊;碰撞；打擊；偶然發(fā)現(xiàn);傷的感情vi。 打擊；打；碰撞；偶然碰上n。 打擊；打；（演出等）成功；諷刺時 態(tài): hit, hitting, hits 近義詞：n。 deed， feat, effort， exploit， touch， touching， successv. propel, impel， touch, affect， impact,