高考英語賓語從句考點總結及真題解析

1、考點20 賓語從句高考頻度：【命題解讀】名詞性從句是高考的熱點，對于名詞性從句考綱要求掌握以下內容：掌握主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句的基本用法，了解同位語從句的基本用法。要求考生在復習備考中應該掌握名詞性從句的基本用法；一些易混引導詞的辨析；句子的語序、否定前移；名詞性從句和定語從句、狀語從句的辨析等?！久}預測】預計2021年高考對名詞性從句的考查仍然不會單純地考查其語法結構，而是將其融入一定的語境中來考查考生的實際綜合運用能力?！緩土暯ㄗh】1. 掌握賓語從句的用法；2. 了解同位語從句的用法；3. 掌握表語從句的用法；4. 掌握主語從句的用法；5. 如何正確選擇引導詞?？枷蛞?名詞性從句連

2、接詞的用法名詞性從句的連接詞主要有以下幾種：從屬連詞that/whether/if，連接代詞what/who/which/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever，連接副詞where/when/why/how/wherever/whenever。1.that的用法。(1)主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句中用that但不能省略。That they are good at English is known to us all.The problem is that we dont have enough money.The report that there

3、 will be a severe storm in the northern area is false.(2)一般情況下，賓語從句中的引導詞that可省略，但在以下幾種情況中that一般不省略：當that從句和主句謂語動詞之間有插入語時；有多個that引導的從句時，第一個that可以省略，而其他的that常不可省略；介詞except，but，besides，in等后跟that引導的賓語從句時；當when，who，what，where，why，how等引導的從句與that引導的從句作主句謂語動詞的并列賓語時。He judged that，because he was a child，he d

4、id not understand wine.The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.(3)that和what的區(qū)別。that 引導名詞性從句時，在主從句中不擔當任何句子成分，也沒有任何含義；而what引導名詞性從句時，在主從句中都要充當一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定語從句中的先行詞關系代詞，即常說的先行詞that。Its a shame that he has made such a mistake.

5、I will do what I can (do) to help him.(4)同位語從句與定語從句中that的區(qū)別。同位語從句中的連接詞that只起連接作用，在從句中不擔當任何句子成分；而定語從句中的關系代詞that在句中作賓語或主語，與先行詞有修飾關系。如果句子是同位語從句，就應用連接詞that而不能用which。同位語從句一般放在表具體含義的名詞后解釋說明名詞的含義或內容，如以下名詞：news，fact，suggestion，truth，plan，belief，doubt，possibility，idea等，而定語從句只是對先行詞的限定和修飾。They expressed the ho

6、pe that they would come to visit China again.(同位語從句)The hope they expressed is that they would come to visit China again.(定語從句) 2.whether和if的用法。 (1)whether和if在賓語從句中可以互換，但是作介詞賓語時連接詞一般用whether。It all depends on whether they will come back.(2)后面直接跟or not 時用whether。I didnt know whether or not he had arr

7、ived in Wuhan.(3)主語從句、表語從句中只能用whether。Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.The question is whether they have so much money.(4)whether可以引導同位語從句，用以說明前面的名詞的內容，if則不能。We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do it or not.(5)whether常與or連用表示一種選擇，if不能這樣用；whether也可與動詞

8、不定式連用但if不能。The question of whether they are male or female is not important.I have not decided whether to go or not.(6)間接賓語位于句首時或者間接賓語提前時用whether不用if。Thank you，but whether Ill be free Im not sure at the moment.(7)whether可引導一個讓步狀語從句表示不管、無論，而if不能。Whether he comes or not，we will begin our party on time

9、.3.疑問詞ever和no matter疑問詞的區(qū)別。(1)疑問詞ever可引導名詞性從句，在主從句中要充當一定的成分。Whoever breaks the rule must be punished.You can choose whatever you like in the shop.(2)疑問詞ever還可引導讓步狀語從句。Whoever breaks the rule，he must be punished.Whatever you do，you must do it well.(3)no matter疑問詞只能引導讓步狀語從句。No matter what you do，you m

10、ust put your heart into it.No matter who comes late，he must be punished.4.when和where引導的同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別。when 和where前面的名詞若是表示時間、地點的名詞，則when和where引導的是定語從句，否則則為同位語從句。They put forward the question where they could get the money.(同位語從句)This is the place where the accident happened.(定語從句)5.名詞性從句中that不宜省略的幾種情

11、況賓語從句或表語從句中that有時可以省略，但在以下情況時，that不宜省略。 （1）當動詞后帶有兩個并列的賓語從句時，引入第二個從句的連詞that不可省略。如： The teacher told the students (that) they should hand in their homework the next day and that the homework must be signed names by their parents. 老師告訴學生他們要在第二天交上作業(yè)，并且作業(yè)必須由家長簽名。 （2）當that前面有插入語時，that不宜省略。如： Little Alice

12、didnt know, Im sure, that her sister was going to America. 我確信，小艾麗斯不知道她的姐姐很快就要去美國了。 （3）省略答語中，that賓語從句單獨出現(xiàn)時，that不可省略。如： What did he say? 他說了什么 That he would visit the Great Wall. (他說)他將會參觀長城。 （4）當主句的狀語部分位于that 賓語從句之前時，that不宜省略。如： Jane realized at once that she must do with it herself. 珍立刻意識到她必須親自處理那件

13、事。(如省略that，at once也可能修飾從句，是表示立刻意識到，還是表示立刻去處理，較為含糊) （5） 當that 賓語從句中的狀語部分位于從句的前部時，that不宜省略。如： Tom promised that if he could earn as much as 500 dollars in this month, he would buy a computer for his brother. 湯姆許下諾言，如果他在這個月里能夠賺到500美元，他就給他的弟弟買臺電腦。 （6）當that 賓語從句是雙賓語中的直接賓語時，that一般不宜省略。如： I will never tell

14、 anyone that you have ever been there. 我絕對不會告訴別人你曾經(jīng)去過那兒。 （7）當為了強調而把that引導的主語從句位于句首時，that不可省略。如： That they would take the risk was very clear. 他們將要冒這個險是很清楚的了。 （8）當主句中的謂語動詞是固定詞組時，其賓語that從句中的 that 不宜省略。如： Mary has made up her mind that she will study hard for the scholarship, so she can have the chance

15、 to go abroad for further study. 瑪麗下定決心努力學習以獲得獎學金資格，這樣她就有機會出國深造了。 （9）當that 賓語從句前有 it作其形式賓語時，that不可省略。如： We think it important that college students should master at least one foreign language.我們認為大學生至少掌握一門外語是很重要的。 （10）當引導同位語從句時，that一般不可省略，尤其當that與先行詞處于分割情況時。如： He heard the news that his team had won

16、. 他聽到了他的隊獲勝的消息。 There is a feeling in me that they are cheating me. 我有一種感覺他們在騙我。 （11）當that 賓語從句的主語是非謂語動詞或是主語從句時，that不可省略。如： The doctor said that taking exercise was the best way of losing weight. 醫(yī)生說運動是最好的減肥方式。 考向二 賓語從句【難點梳理】1）賓語從句主要跟在動詞、介詞和某些形容詞之后。I wish hat he woud understand me. 我希望他能理解我。Whether

17、we can succeed depends on how well we cooperate.我們能否成功取決于我們合作得怎么樣。注意：(1)一般情況下介詞后只能接wh-類連接詞引導的賓語從句。Hell talk to us about what happened in the classroom.他將給我們講述課堂上發(fā)生的事情。(2) in, but, except等少數(shù)幾個介詞后可接由that引導的賓語從句，但此時介詞和that已形成固定搭配，即in that因為, but that要不是, except that除了。The high income tax is harmful in

18、that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.個人所得稅高是有害的，因為它可能使人們不愿意努力賺更多的錢。He would have failed but that you helped him.若不是你幫助他，他會失敗的。Im afraid that Ive made a mistake. 恐怕我犯了一個錯誤。2）引導賓語從句的連接詞主要有：連接詞：that，whether，if等連接代詞：what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等連接副詞：when，where，why，how等1. 連

19、接詞that，whether，if引導I think (that) you should turn to the teacher for help. 我認為你應該向老師尋求幫助。I dont know if/whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道這么多年后他是否還住在這兒。注意：whether/if都意為是否。一般情況下，它們可以互換，口語中常用if，但以下情況中，只能用whether。（1）與or not緊接連用時。Let me know whether or not you can come. 請讓我知道你是否能來。（2）

20、作介詞的賓語從句時。We are interested in whether you will attend the meeting. 我們對你是否參加會議感興趣。2. 連接代詞what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等引導She asked me whose handwriting was the best in the class. 她問我班上誰的書法最好。Ill just say whatever comes into my mind. 我想到什么就說什么。3. 連接副詞when，where，why，how等引導Do you know when

21、the ancient Olympic Games began? 你知道古代的奧運會是什么時間開始的嗎?Ive been thinking about how we can make the newspaper more interesting. 我一直在考慮如何使我們的報紙更用趣。4. 賓語從句的語序在賓語從句中要用陳述句語序。He asked me when we could set out the next day. 他問我第二天什么時候可以出發(fā)。Did you find out where she lost her car? 你查出她在哪里丟的車了嗎?5. 賓語從句的時態(tài)（1）當主句的

22、謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時時，其賓語從句的時態(tài)可以是任何適當?shù)臅r態(tài)。She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday. 她說她周一至周五上班。(從句是一般現(xiàn)在時)she says (that) she will leave a message on his desk. 她說她要在他桌子上留個便條。(從句是一般將來時)She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei. 她說她從來沒有去過峨眉山。(從句是現(xiàn)在完成時)（2）當主句的謂語動詞是一般過去時時，其賓語從句的時態(tài)一般要用適當?shù)倪^去時態(tài)。He said t

23、here were no classes yesterday afternoon. 他說昨天下午沒有課。(從句是一般過去時)He said that he was going to take care of the baby. 他說他會去照看這個嬰兒。(從句是過去將來時)He said that they were having a meeting at that time. 他說他們那時正在開會。(從句是過去進行時)（3）當賓語從句是表達客觀真理和規(guī)律的句子時，其時態(tài)仍舊用一般現(xiàn)在時。The teacher told us that nothing is difficult if we pu

24、t our hearts into it. 老師告訴我們世上無難事，只怕有心人。He said that light travels much faster than sound. 他說光比聲音傳播得快。注意：在使用賓語從句時需要注意下面幾點：動詞find，feel，think，consider，make，believe，guess，suppose，assume等后有賓語補足語時，則需要用it作形式賓語，而將that賓語從句后置。I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day. 我認為每天多喝開水是有必要的。

25、I have made it a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天寫日記成了慣例。hate，like，take，owe，have，take for granted等表示喜歡；痛恨；認為的動詞或動詞短語和see to表示注意，留意后有賓語補足語時，需要用it作形式賓語而將賓語從句后置。I hate it when they talk with their mouth full of food. 我討厭他們滿嘴食物說話。When you start the engine, you must see to it that the car is in neutral. 啟動發(fā)

26、動機時，一定要使汽車的離合器處于空檔位置。介詞后的賓語從句。She is always thinking of how she can do more for others. 她總想著如何才能為別人做得更多。We are talking about whether we admit students into our club. 我們正在討論是否讓學生加入我們的俱樂部。賓語從句的否定轉移。將think，believe，suppose，expect，fancy，imagine等動詞后面賓語從句的否定詞轉移到主句中，即主句的謂語動詞用否定式，而從句的謂語動詞用肯定式。I dont think I

27、know you. 我想我并不認識你。I dont believe he will come. 我相信他不會來。【巧學妙記】賓語從句的用法速記口訣賓語從句須注意，幾點事項應牢記。一是關鍵引導詞，不同句子詞相異。陳述句子用that；一般疑問是否（if，whether）替；特殊問句更好辦，引導還用疑問詞。二是時態(tài)常變化，主句不同從句異。主句若為現(xiàn)在時，從句時態(tài)應看意；主句若為過去時，從句時態(tài)向前移。三是語序要記清，從句永保陳述序。1.（2020天津卷7月單項選擇）15. The student completed this experiment to make come true _ Profes

28、sor Joseph had said.A. thatB. whatC. whenD. where【答案】B【解析】考查名詞性從句。句意:為了使約瑟夫教授所說的成為現(xiàn)實，這個學生完成了這個實驗。_ Professor Joseph had said作make的賓語從句，該從句中，空處在從句中作said的賓語，表示”所說的話”，因此應用what引導該從句。故選B。2. （2020天津卷3月單項選擇）12. My grandmother helped me believe that I could accomplish _ I put my mind to.A. wheneverB. whatev

29、erC. whereverD. whichever【答案】B【解析】考查賓語從句。句意：我的祖母讓我相信，我可以完成任何我專心去做的事情。A. whenever無論何時；B. whatever 無論什么，任何；C. wherever無論何地；D. whichever無論哪一個。分析句子可知，此處是賓語從句連接詞，從句缺少賓語，應用連接代詞，再結合句意，此處用“任何”符合語境，故選B項。3.（2019北京卷語法填空）What students do at college seems to matter much more than _8_ they go.【參考答案】where【答案解析】考查賓

30、語從句。句意：學生在大學里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大學）更重要。這里表達去哪所大學，表示地點，作狀語。故用where。4.（2018全國新課標卷II短文改錯）The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.【參考答案】where改為when【答案解析】考查賓語從句的連接詞。句意：當我是個孩子的時候我父母教給我的紙牌游戲在我日后的生活中證明非常有用。賓語從句連接詞并不是表示地點狀語，而是時間狀語。故把where改為when。5.（2018全國新課標卷I

31、II語法填空）Im not sure _61_ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. Im walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic.【參考答案】which/who【答案解析】考查賓語從句。句意：我不確定哪一個更害怕，我，還是突然出現(xiàn)的雌性大猩猩。此處為賓語從句，空格處表示選擇，所以用which或者who”題組一 基礎過關 .用適當?shù)倪B接詞填空1. _ it will do

32、us harm remains to be seen.2. The question is _ we should carry out the plan.3. I gave him _ books I had.4.As a new graduate, he doesnt know _ it takes to start a business here.5. The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _ you are better than anyoneelse on the sports fiel

33、d.6. The question occurred to me _ we should go to get the car repaired. We were in the middle of the forest at that time.7. How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on _ he goes with. whether his friends or relatives.8. -Your sneeze tells me you may have a flu.-No, Its just _ I cant s

34、tand the smell of the paint here.9. Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell _ close you may be to victory,10. It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.1l. Some experts hold the view that fundamental construction is_ the key to the little island developme

35、nt lies.12. This is _they call Salt Lake city.13. Bob has the mistaken idea _ tomorrow is a holiday.14. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.15.1 have no idea _he will arrive at the hotel.單句改錯1.After looking at the toy for some time，he turned around and found where his

36、 parents were missing.2.Whoever was responsible for the accident is not yet clear.3.We never doubt whether he is honest.4.If she comes or not doesnt concern me.5.I feel it a terrible thing which my mother should have to toil so endlessly.6.The fact is what he didnt notice the car until too late.7.Th

37、e reason why he was late was because he didnt catch the early bus.8.Your brothers health is not which it used to be.9.Obviously there was little probability which they would succeed，but they didnt mind.10.The proposal has been put forward what the flight should be cancelled.題組二 能力提升I.單項填空1. _ Tom wi

38、ll win the computer competition remains a secret till next Monday.A.WhenB.ThatC.WhatD.Whether2. _ that the Chinese government plans to end its one-child policy and instead let families have two children.A.It was reportedB.What was reportedC.It has reportedD.As was reported3. It is said _ the picture

39、 shows a Chinese girl standing by the river under a tree, seemingly listening to a bird singing.A.whichB.asC.whatD.that4. He asked _.A.how much did the iPhone 7 costB.how much the iPhone 7 costsC.what was the price of the iPhone 7D.what the price of iPhone 7 was5. There will be a bow and arrow compe

40、tition _ to retell _ the Plains Indians used to hunt for food.A.designed；whatB.designing；howC.designing；whatD.designed；how6. People are now eager to find out _ the little boy survived the terrible disaster.A.how is it thatB.that it is howC.that is it howD.how it is that7. He was seriously ill. That

41、is _ he didnt come yesterday.A.whyB.the reasonC.becauseD.for what8. The reason why you get into a panic is _ you havent been well prepared for whats going to happen.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.because9. _difficult the task may be, we must finish it on time, because there is a possibility_ well be fired if we

42、 cant.A.Whatever; thatB.However; thatC.Whatever; whichD.However; as10. _he told Toms parents was the news _Tom had been admitted to a key university, _, of course, made them feel very excited.A.What; which; whichB.That; that; whichC.What; that; whichD.That; that; whatII.語篇填空I am going to tell you an

43、 unbelievable thing _1_happened in my restaurant today.This afternoon a poorlydressed gentleman came into my restaurant. Nobody knew _2_he was. We wondered _3_he was so hungry. We were surprised _4_he finished two orders of food in a very limited time.We doubted _5_the man was able to pay the bill.

44、The gentleman asked _6_we would mind waiting for just a few minutes. Then we were shocked to see_7_he took out of an envelopea million pound bank note.I asked Mr. Clements_8_it was genuine. Mr.Clements said it was true because two of this amount had been issued by the Bank of England this year. He t

45、hought _9_the gentleman showed them couldnt be a fake._10_a gentleman with a million pound note was in rags and ate in our small restaurant was a big puzzle to all the people there. I really couldnt describe how excited I was.III.語法填空Dear helpful Hannah,Ive got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bou

46、ght a smart phone last month and took it during our holiday. He has a constant urge1(check) text messages. Hes so addicted to it that he checks his phone every five minutes! He checks it at2(appropriate) times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him! He3(behave) as if any sma

47、ll amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone, even when he knows he shouldnt. The temptation to see4is connecting him is just too great. When I ask him to put down the phone, he says, In a minute ,5still checks to see if someone has posted something new on the Internet. Our lif

48、e6(interrupt). It is clear that his dependency on the smart phone has become more than7everyday problem.I8(recent) read an article about nomophobia, which is a real9(ill) people cant stand the fear of having no phones! I am worried that Sam maybe suffering10this illness because he feels anxious if h

49、e doesnt have his phone with him, even for a short time.Would you please tell me what I can do to help him?Sick and Tired Sadie題組三體驗真題1.（2020天津卷7月單項選擇）15. The student completed this experiment to make come true _ Professor Joseph had said.A. thatB. whatC. whenD. where2. （2020天津卷3月單項選擇）12. My grandmo

50、ther helped me believe that I could accomplish _ I put my mind to.A. wheneverB. whateverC. whereverD. whichever3.（2019江蘇卷單項填空）Scientists have obtained more evidence _ plastic is finding its way into the human body.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. where4.(2018北京T15 ) This is _ my father has taught meto alway

51、s face difficulties and hope for the best.A. how B. which C. that D. what5.(2018江蘇T21) By boat is the only way to get here, which is _ we arrived. A. where B. whenC. why D. how6. (2018天津T9) The gold medal will be awarded _to wins the first place in the bicycle race.A. whomever B. whereverC. whoever

52、D. whatever7. (2018北京T11) Without his support, we wouldnt be _ we are now.A. how B. when C. where D. why8. (2017北京T23)Every year, _ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.A. whatever B. whoever C. whomever D. whichever9. (2017北京T26)Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-line

53、d street, not knowing _she was heading.A. why B. where C. how D. when10. (2017江蘇T26)We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of _ it used to charge.A. that B. which C. what D. how11. (2017天津T4)She asked me _ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted

54、that I hadnt.A. when B. where C. whether D. what題組一 基礎過關 .用適當?shù)倪B接詞填空1. Whether 句意:是否對我們有害還要看一看。此處whether引導主語從句，不充當句子成分，表示“是否”, whether引引導其他主語，表語和同位語從句時不能換成if。2. how句意:問題是怎樣執(zhí)行這個計劃。該空引導表語從句，結2合句意可知填連接詞how。3. what句意:我把我所有的書都給他了。此處what引導賓語從句，用作限定詞，其后修飾復數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，但通常不能是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,表示“. 所.。4.what 句意:作為一名應屆畢業(yè)生，他

55、不知道需要什么才能在這里經(jīng)營。該空引導賓語從句，從句中takes是謂語動詞,其后缺少賓語, 故填連接代詞what。5.that句意:在最高水平中成功的唯一 的方法就是要完全相信在(那個)運動場上，你比其他任何人都優(yōu)秀。本題空格處引導的句子為同位語從句，從句結構和意義究整,填that。6. where句意:我突然想起這個問題，我們該到哪里去修車，當時我們正在森林的中部。根據(jù)后面“當時我們在森林的中部這一語境可確定應用where引導從句作the question的同位7.who 句意:一個人旅游多么享受很大程度上取決于他和誰去.無論是他的朋友還是親戚。該空引導賓語從句。根據(jù)句末的whether h

56、is friends or relatives 可知應是和誰去，故填who.8. that句意:“ 你的噴嚏告訴我你可能感冒了?！睕]有，我只是無法忍受這兒的油操味?！狈治鼍渥映煞挚芍?此處是表語從句，從句中不缺少成分.故用that引導。9 .how句意;不要因失敗而泄氣。因為你水遠也不會知道成功可能離你有多近。_close you may be to victory為賓語從句, 空后close為形容詞,故填how。10. why句意:這個人為什么 沒有盡快報告這起事故還不清楚。why引導主語從句。l1.where 句意:一些專家持有這樣的觀點: 基礎建設是小島發(fā)展的關鍵所在。該空引導表語從句，

57、表語從句中l(wèi)ies 后面缺少地點狀語，故填連接副詞where.12.what句意:這 就是他們稱為鹽城的地方。該空引導表語從句。從句中缺少賓語，故不可填where,而填what。13.that 句意:鮑勃錯誤地認為明天是一個假開。因為該同位語從句是一個完整的句子,不缺少句子成分，所以要用that引導。14. whatever句意 :給孩子任何他想要的東西通常認為是不明智的。此處whatever引導賓語從句，在從句中作賓語，相當于anything that.15.when句意 :我不知道他什么時候到達酒店。該空引導同位語從句、從句中缺少時間狀語、故填連接副詞when。.單句改錯1.whereth

58、at2.WhoeverWho3.去掉whether4.IfWhether5.whichthat6.whatthat7.becausethat8.whichwhat9.whichthat10.whatwhether題組二 能力提升I.單項填空1. D 【解析】考查主語從句。句意：湯姆是否能贏得電腦比賽直到下周一才能知道。remain前面是主語從句，根據(jù)句意可知用whether引導，表示是否。故選D。2. A 【解析】考查句式。It is reported that.是固定句式，it是形式主語，that引導的從句是真正的主語。What was reported后面要加系動詞。故選A。3. D 【解

59、析】考查主語從句。句意：據(jù)說，這幅畫表現(xiàn)的是一個中國女孩站在河邊的樹下，似乎在聆聽一只鳥兒唱歌。It是形式主語，真正的主語是空處引導的主語從句，從句意義和成分完整，故用that。4. D 【解析】考查賓語從句的語序和時態(tài)。句意：他問iPhone7的價格是多少。He asked后面是賓語從句，賓語從句要用陳述語序，而且因為主句是過去時，從句也應該是過去時。故選D。5. D 【解析】考查非謂語動詞及賓語從句。句意：將會有一個弓箭比賽，專門用來重現(xiàn)平原印第安人是如何獵取食物的。design與competition之間為邏輯被動關系，應使用過去分詞作定語；根據(jù)句意可知，第二空為retell的賓語從句，

60、從句中缺少方式狀語，應使用how如何。故選D。6. D 【解析】考查連詞和語序。句意：人們現(xiàn)在急切地想弄清楚，這個小男孩是如何幸免于這場災難的。根據(jù)句意，由how引導賓語從句；賓語從句中運用了強調句式，同時賓語從句要用陳述語序。故選D。7. A 【解析】考查連詞。句意：他病得很重，那就是他昨天沒有來的原因。所以用why引導表語從句，why在從句中作原因狀語。故選A。8. A 【解析】考查表語從句。句意：你之所以恐慌是因為你沒有為要發(fā)生的事作好準備。The reason why. is that.的原因是，其中why引導定語從句，并在從句中作原因狀語，that引導表語從句，僅起連接作用。9.B