句子種類講稿

1、關(guān)于句子種類第一張，PPT共三十頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月練習(xí)：將上四個例句變成否定陳述句。句子的分類 （按用途劃分）： 陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句（一）陳述句：用來陳述一件事情，說明一個事實，表述說話 人的看法、和態(tài)度的句子。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+謂語+其它。 句末通常是句號。 Eg. 1. Tom can speak good English. 湯姆英語說的很好。 2. He is a student. 他是一個學(xué)生。3. I like football. 我喜歡足球。 4. Tom gets up early every day. 湯姆每天都起得很早。1. Tom can not speak

2、 good English.2. He is not a student. 3. I dont like football.4. Tom doesnt get up early every day.第二張，PPT共三十頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月動詞的種類 特點(diǎn)和例句行為動詞 或?qū)嵙x動詞 連系動詞助動詞情態(tài)動詞1. 及物動詞：后必須跟賓語 Eg. They study English.She eats an apple every day.We raise the flag every Monday.我們每周一升旗。2. 不及物動詞：后需加介詞才能跟賓語The flag rises. 旗升起來了。

3、Please stand up. /Please come here.They listen to English every morning. 他們每天早上都聽英語。連系動詞后跟表語。助動詞無特殊意義，幫助構(gòu)成否定句、疑問句、正在進(jìn)行時態(tài)、完成時態(tài)或被動語態(tài)等,常見助動詞有be, do, haveWe dont like the film. 我們不喜歡這部電影。 （用于否定句）Tom is doing his homework. 湯姆正在做作業(yè)。 （用于正在進(jìn)行時態(tài)）He has finished his work. 他已經(jīng)完成了工作。 （用于完成時態(tài)）情態(tài)動詞后須跟動詞原形。情態(tài)動詞有wi

4、ll, can, may, must,need等You may go now. 你可以走了。 I will be there on time. 我會準(zhǔn)時到那兒的。常見連系動詞有：be, become/turn(變得)，look(看起來)，smell(聞起來), sound（聽起來），feel（摸起來），taste（嘗起來）等Eg. She is beautiful./She is a student.His face turn red. 他的臉變紅了。Your coat looks nice. 你的外套看起來很漂亮。The music sounds beautiful. 這音樂聽起來很美。be

5、動詞、助動詞和情態(tài)動詞變否定形式在其后直接加not.行為動詞和除be動詞以外的系動詞，變否定形式要在其前加dont 或doesnt。可單獨(dú)使用必須與行為動詞或系動詞連用構(gòu)成謂語第三張，PPT共三十頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月行為動詞 1. They study English. 2. She eats an apple every day. 3. The flag rises. 4. They listen to English every morning. 系動詞 5. She is beautiful. 6. Your coat looks nice. 7. The music sounds

6、beautiful. 助動詞 8. Tom is doing his homework. 9. He has finished his work. 情態(tài)動詞 10. You may go now. 11. I will be there on time. 將下列句子變成否定句。提示：1. 行為動詞和除be動詞以外的系動詞，變否定形式要在其前加dont 或doesnt。2. be動詞、助動詞和情態(tài)動詞變否定形式在其后直接加not.(studydont study)(eatsdoesnt eat)(risesdoesnt rise)(listen todont listen to)(isisnt)

7、(looksdoesnt look)(soundsdoesnt sound)(is doingis not doing)(has finishedhas not finished)(may gomay not go)(will bewill not be)第四張，PPT共三十頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月注：1）半否定句I hardly know anything about it. 2）部分否定句與全否定句I dont like both the films.I like neither Cathy nor Mary. 3)否定轉(zhuǎn)移I dont think it will be very cold

8、 today. (believe, expect, suppose)第五張，PPT共三十頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2、疑問句（1）疑問句的主要交際功能是提出問題，詢問情況。分為一般疑問句、選擇疑問句、特殊疑問句和反意疑問句。(2)、疑問句 的分類第六張，PPT共三十頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1）一般疑問句 用來詢問一件事，答案通常是yes或 no，注意語序。Have you anything to say?Did someone phone me last night?否定疑問句Cant you understand it?Isnt it a beautiful lake? -Havent you

9、 been to the UK? -No, I havent.第七張，PPT共三十頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月行為動詞 1. They study English. 2. She eats an apple every day. 3. The flag rises. 4. They listen to English every morning. 系動詞 5. She is beautiful. 6. Your coat looks nice. 7. The music sounds beautiful. 助動詞 8. Tom is doing his homework. 9. He has fi

10、nished his work. 情態(tài)動詞 10. You may go now. 11. I will be there on time. 將下列句子變成一般疑問句提示：1. 行為動詞和除be動詞以外的系動詞，變一般疑問句直接在句首加do或does或did。2. be動詞、助動詞和情態(tài)動詞變一般疑問句，直接將這些詞提前。.Do they study English?Does she eat an apple every day?Does the flag rise?Do they listen to English every morning?Is she beautiful?Does yo

11、ur coat look nice?Does the music sound beautiful?Is Tom doing his homework?Has he finished his work?May you go now?Will you be there on time?第八張，PPT共三十頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2）特殊疑問句1.特殊疑問句的定義; 以特殊疑問詞開頭，對句中某一成分提問的句子叫特殊疑問句。常用的疑問詞有：what who whom whose which when where how why等。第九張，PPT共三十頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2.特殊疑問句有兩種語序 （

12、1）陳述語序Who was the first man in space?（2）倒裝語序Whom are you talking about?注：A、簡略式 Why not go alone? Why get so angry? How/What about taking a rest? B、復(fù)雜特殊疑問句 What do you think he has done? 第十張，PPT共三十頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月練習(xí)：對下列句子劃線部分提問。Tom goes to see his grandparents on Sundays. 提示：陳述句變特殊疑問句方法： 1. 對主語進(jìn)行提問，直接用相應(yīng)

13、疑問詞代替主語，其它都照寫。2. 對非主語部分進(jìn)行提問，用相應(yīng)疑問詞代詞該部分，并將其放在句首，然后將剩下的部分變成一般疑問句。Who goes to see his grandparents on Sundays?Who(m) does Tom go to see on Sundays?When does Tom go to see his grandparents?第十一張，PPT共三十頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3）選擇疑問句選擇疑問句（alternative questions）一般提出兩種或兩種以上的可能，問對方選擇哪一種。其結(jié)構(gòu)可用一般疑問句，也可用特殊疑問句，供選擇的兩部分由or連接

14、，前者用升調(diào)，后者用降調(diào)，如：Will you go there by bus or by train？What would you like，coffee or tea？第十二張，PPT共三十頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月(1)以一般疑問句為基礎(chǔ)Is he a teacher or a doctor or a policeman?Shall I help you or can you manage?(2)以特殊疑問句為基礎(chǔ)Which do you prefer, red wine or white?How shall we go there? By bus or by train?(3) or n

15、ot構(gòu)成的選擇疑問句Do you want to buy it or not？第十三張，PPT共三十頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4)： 反意疑問句 A、含義： 在一個陳述句之后附上一個簡短的疑問句，對陳述句提出相反的疑問，這種疑問句叫反意疑問句。 如： 1. He is clever, isnt he? 2. We speak Chinese, dont we?第十四張，PPT共三十頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月B、結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)一： 前肯，+ 后否 eg. He is clever, isnt he?結(jié)構(gòu)二： 前否，+ 后肯 eg. He isnt clever, is he?第十五張，PPT共三十頁，創(chuàng)

16、作于2022年6月 結(jié)構(gòu)一： 前肯，+ 后否 Be 動詞： 1. You are an actor, _ _ ? 2. He is a good boy, _ _ ? 3. It was fine yesterday, _ _ ? 4. You were studying when I called you last night, _ _ ? 5. She is going to visit me, _ _? 6. I am Chinese, _ _? arent you isnt he wasnt it werent you isnt she arent I第十六張，PPT共三十頁，創(chuàng)作于2

17、022年6月行為動詞： 1. It often rains here, _ _ ? 2. He likes soccer, _ _ ? 3. You have a headache, _ _ ? 4. I called you yesterday, _ _?其它動詞： 1. You will go to America, _ _ ? 2. We have ever been to Shanghai, _ _ ? doesnt it doesnt he dont you didnt I wont youhavent we第十七張，PPT共三十頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月C、特殊用法(一）1. His

18、 mother is a doctor, _ _ ?2. The dogs are fighting, _ _? There is a boy in our classroom, _ _ ?4. There were many cars in the street, _ _ ?5. There will be robots in our families, _ _ ? isnt shearent they isnt therewerent therewont there第十八張，PPT共三十頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月三、特殊用法(二） 6. Sit down please, _ ?7. Plea

19、se call me, _?8. Lets go home, _ ?9. Let us go home, _ ?10. Let me see, _ ? will / wont youshall / shant we will / wont you will / wont youwill / wont you第十九張，PPT共三十頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 結(jié)構(gòu)二： 前否，+ 后肯 1. You arent an actor, _ _ ? 2. He isnt a good boy, _ _ ? 3. It wasnt fine yesterday, _ _ ? 4. It doesnt rain

20、 here, _ _ ? 5. His sister doesnt have a headache, _ _ ? 6. You didnt call me yesterday, _ _? are you is hedoes itdoes she was itdid you第二十張，PPT共三十頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月7. You wont go to U.S.A., _ _?8. There isnt a boy in our classroom, _ _ ?9. There werent many cars in the street, _ _ ?10. Dont smoke, _ _ ?1

21、1. Dont lets do it, _ _ ？will youis therewere therewill youshall we第二十一張，PPT共三十頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月（三）祈使句：用來表示命令或請求，說話的對象是第二人稱you, 但常常被省略 。常用動詞原形開頭。否定祈使句在句首加dontEg. Sit down, please! 請坐下！ Give me a piece of paper! 給我一張紙！ Dont waste your time! 不要浪費(fèi)你的時間! Lets go! 我們走吧！補(bǔ)充考點(diǎn)： 祈使句的反義疑問句 1. 肯定祈使句，反義疑問部分用will you或

22、wont you Give me a piece of paper, will you? (或wont you?)2. 否定祈使句，反義疑問部分只用will you? Dont waste your time, will you?第二十二張，PPT共三十頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月（四）感嘆句：表示喜、怒、哀、樂等強(qiáng)烈情感的句子。感嘆句一般由what或how開頭，What修飾名詞，how修飾形容詞、副詞、動詞。句末加感嘆號“！” What interesting films ! How foolish she is!How clearly you speak!第二十三張，PPT共三十頁，創(chuàng)作于20

23、22年6月1.以what開頭的感嘆句1.“What + a(an) + 形容詞 + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 + (主語 + 謂語)！” 如：What a clever boy (he is)! What a pity! 2.“What + 形容詞 + 復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 + （主語 + 謂語）！”如：What beautiful flowers (they are)!3.“What + 形容詞 + 不可數(shù)名詞 + （主語 + 謂語）！”如：What fresh milk (it is)! What fun!第二十四張，PPT共三十頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2.以how開頭的感嘆句1.“How + 形容詞 + 主

24、語 + 謂語！”如：How beautiful the girl is!2.“How + 形容詞 + a(an) + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 + （主語 + 謂語） +！”如：How good an example he set for us! 3.“How + 副詞 + 主語 + 謂語！”如：How fast he runs! 4.“How + 主語 + 謂語！”如：How time flies!第二十五張，PPT共三十頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 句型 結(jié)構(gòu)（eg. 1. How beautiful she is!） eg.2. What a clever boy he is! eg.3. What clever students they are! eg.4 What bad news it is!1.How +2. What +形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語動詞+其它名詞或名詞詞組+主語+謂語動詞+其它可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞 Summary 第二十六張，PP