實(shí)驗(yàn)14霍爾元件靈敏度的報(bào)告

1、r實(shí)驗(yàn)19霍爾元件靈敏度測(cè)定及應(yīng)用目的1、進(jìn)一步了解霍爾效應(yīng)；2、掌握霍爾元件靈敏度及其特性的測(cè)量方法。3、測(cè)定電磁鐵磁場(chǎng)特性儀器VAAh電壓測(cè)量雙路恒流電源，SH500霍爾效應(yīng)實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置，MR-1磁阻效應(yīng)實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置。原理1、霍爾效應(yīng)及其霍爾靈敏度將金屬片置于磁場(chǎng)中，讓磁場(chǎng)垂直通過薄片平面。沿薄片的縱向通以電流，則在薄片的兩側(cè)面會(huì)出現(xiàn)微弱的電壓。這就是霍爾效應(yīng)，橫向產(chǎn)生的電壓叫霍爾電壓，符號(hào)VH。V=R(1)HHd霍爾系數(shù)Rh=(en)-i=C；n為薄片中載流子的濃度，e為電子帶電量，d為薄片的厚度。VH=KHIB(2)kh霍爾靈敏度，它表示該元件產(chǎn)生霍爾效應(yīng)的強(qiáng)弱，即在單位磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度B和單位控制

2、電流I時(shí)，產(chǎn)生霍爾電壓的大小。2、電磁鐵氣隙的磁場(chǎng)本實(shí)驗(yàn)利用電磁鐵裝置產(chǎn)生一個(gè)已知的磁場(chǎng)B3)pNI0ML,匕1Prp0真空磁導(dǎo)率；N勵(lì)磁線圈的匝數(shù)；IM線圈中的勵(lì)磁電流;L1氣隙距離；L2鐵芯磁路平均長度；人一一鐵芯相對(duì)磁導(dǎo)率;本實(shí)驗(yàn)人=15003、電磁鐵氣隙中心的磁場(chǎng)系數(shù)BVRH(4)IKIIMHCHMR中心磁場(chǎng)的磁場(chǎng)系數(shù)實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟(一)磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度一定，變化控制電流時(shí)霍爾元件靈敏度測(cè)定接好線路，并打開恒流源后面的開關(guān)，在一定的iCh，Im值下，調(diào)節(jié)霍爾元件在氣隙里的位置和角度，使霍爾電壓vH顯示的數(shù)值最大為止。1、IM=200mA,依次改變：ICH=1.00,2.00,3.00,4.00,5

3、.00,6.00,7.00,8.00,9.00,10.00mA,MCH測(cè)量出相應(yīng)的霍爾電壓VH的值。2、利用開關(guān)匕也依次改變IM與ICH電流的方向，記錄相應(yīng)的數(shù)值。3、用逐差法處理數(shù)據(jù)。（二）控制電流一定,電磁鐵氣隙中心磁場(chǎng)系數(shù)的測(cè)定1、連接線路,調(diào)節(jié)霍爾元件在氣隙里處于垂直與中心位置。2、ICH=1.00mA,依次改變IM=100，200，300，400，500，600，700，800mA測(cè)CHM量出對(duì)應(yīng)的霍爾電壓VH值，并利用開關(guān)匕也依次改變IM與ICH電流的方向，記錄相應(yīng)的數(shù)值。3、用作圖法處理數(shù)據(jù)。注意事項(xiàng)1、爾元件的控制電流ICH最大不能超過30mA,否則將損壞元件。S=0.0362

4、;C5=1.65;無壞值SC5=0.06;B，匹L+L1卩，0.118T2、爾片很脆，不可受撞擊，故實(shí)驗(yàn)操作時(shí)應(yīng)小心謹(jǐn)慎，調(diào)節(jié)時(shí)動(dòng)作應(yīng)緩慢。六數(shù)據(jù)記錄及處理表一IM=200mAVh【ch1.002.003.004.005.006.007.008.009.0010.00VH12.87-5.308.44-10.5514.05-15.8719.70-21.1425.32-26.48VH2-2.885.29-8.4510.54-14.0715.87-19.7021.14-25.3326.48VH32.69-5.657.95-11.2313.23-16.8818.54-22.4823.85-28.14V

5、H4-2.705.64-7.9611.23-13.2416.89-18.5422.49-23.8728.14VH2.785.478.2010.8913.6516.3819.1221.8124.5927.31ICHVHICHHV-VHmHnVVHmHn1.002.786.0016.3813.6013.642.005.477.0019.1213.653.008.208.0021.8113.614.0010.899.0024.5913.705.0013.6510.0027.3113.66N=1500;LR.OOmm;L2=287mm;氣=1500;吃=4nX10-7NA-2VH【,=23.lmv/m

6、A*Tm0.04l1_m2，20.05、2=0.03622+厶I3丿I3丿2=0.055mvS2+0.05uv2+uI20.055、2+0.041、Iv丿l丿i13.64丿il5.00丿2二1.0%u=EK=23.1x1.0%=0.3mv/mA*TKHK-K”u=(23.1”0.3mv/mA*THHKE=1.0%表二ICH=1.00mAVh【m100200300400500600700800VH11.48-2.604.05-5.196.62-7.749.15-10.24VH2-1.482.58-4.055.18-6.627.74-9.1510.23VH31.26-2.783.90-5.366.

7、47-7.919.01-10.42VH4-1.262.76-3.905.35-6.477.91-9.0110.42VH1.372.683.985.276.547.829.0810.33K=21.53mv/mA*TH作圖法IM100200300400500600700800Vh1.372.683.985.276.547.829.0810.33,VI,110.00-2.10770-1500.0127mv/mA,VKI,ICHM0.012721.53x1.005.90 x10-4T/mA,iah(IavAV0.1aiAI0.041mv4.08mA(0.041(4.087.906208.4x10-40

8、.09%uER0.006x10-4RRRR“u(5.90“0.01)x10-4(/mA)REr=0.09%RV表三IM=200mAVh【ch0.501.001.502.002.503.003.50VH18.35-16.50-24.6733.6541.94-49.55-57.64VH2-8.3316.4524.62-33.64-41.9049.5457.58VH38.13-16.67-25.1133.0041.06-50.49-58.71VH4-8.1116.6225.05-33.00-41.0550.4858.67VH8.2316.5624.8633.3241.4950.0258.15Vh【c

9、h4.004.505.005.506.006.507.00VH167.3175.54-82.48-90.46100.78109.11-115.02VH2-67.35-75.5482.4790.47-100.83-109.12115.12VH366.1274.05-84.12-92.3398.94106.98-117.51VH4-66.17-74.0484.1192.26-98.99-106.99117.44VH66.7474.7983.3091.3899.88108.05116.30ICHVHICHVHv-vHmHnVVHmHn0.508.234.0066.7458.5158.251.0016

10、.624.5074.7958.171.5024.865.0083.3058.442.0033.325.5091.3858.062.5041.496.0099.8858.393.0050.026.50108.0558.033.5058.157.00116.3058.15N=1500;L=4.00mm;L=269mm;卩=1500;巴=4nX10-7NA-212r0S=0.179;C5=1.80;SC5=0.33;無壞值卩NIB二5,0.0902TL+匕1卩rK，h，184.5mv/mA*THI-BV(u)2(u)2(0.184、2(0.041、v+I+v丿I丿58.25,3.50,33E1.3%

11、(_Am)2S2+23丿Am20.05(0.1792+20.05丫3丿0.184mv0.041uEK184.5x1.3%=3mv/mATKHKK“u=(184“3)mv/mAHHKE=1.3%表四ICH=1.00mAVh【m100200300400500600700800Vh1-8.2116.62-24.4232.93-40.8349.29-57.1965.61VH28.19-16.6324.39-32.9240.80-49.3157.17-65.62VH3-8.4716.33-24.7832.67-41.1849.09-57.5965.41VH48.45-16.3424.75-32.6941.19-49.1257.57-65.46廠H8.3316.4824.5832.8041.0041.0057.3865.52K=182.5mv/mA*TH作圖法IM100200300400500600700800Vh8.3316.4824.5832.8041.0049.2057.3865.520V：VHIj/l關(guān)系曲線(120,10.00)Vh(mV)706050403020100V0V100200300400500500TOOSOO9001川(血)VVV,VI,1RB叫IKIAlHCHM0.0821182