高中英語(yǔ) warming up and reading知識(shí)點(diǎn) 語(yǔ)法優(yōu)質(zhì)課件 新人教必修5

1、2021/8/11 星期三1Unit 1 Great scientists2021/8/11 星期三2Period 1&2 Warming up and Reading I2021/8/11 星期三3Which person impress you most during the SARS?Zhong Nanshan (鐘南山)福建廈門人，出身于醫(yī)學(xué)世家。中國(guó)工程院院士，中華醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)會(huì)長(zhǎng)。中國(guó)治療呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病的領(lǐng)軍人物。 2021/8/11 星期三4Lets have a competition!Do you know other scientists?The following is a qu

2、iz and lets find out who knows the most.2021/8/11 星期三51.Which scientist discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float?B. Archimedes阿基米德（古希臘數(shù)學(xué)家、物理學(xué)家、發(fā)明家、學(xué)者） C. Thomas EdisonA. Charles Darwin (287-212 BC) an ancient Greek mathematician & physicist2021/8/11 星期三62. Who

3、wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment changed?A. Marie CurieC. Charles DarwinB. Gregor MendelCharles Darwin (1808-1882) British author of The Origin of Species 2021/8/11 星期三73.Who invent the first steam engine?A. Thomas NewcomenC. Thomas EdisonB. Archimedes(1663

4、-1729) British, improved the first steam pump and turned it into a steam engine for taking water out of mines in 1712.2021/8/11 星期三84. Who used peas to show how physical characteristics are passed from parents to their children.A. Thomas EdisonC. ArchimedesB. Gregor Mendel格里哥孟德爾（奧地利遺傳學(xué)家Czech (1822-1

5、884)2021/8/11 星期三95. Who discovered radium?A. Marie CurieC. NewtonB. Zhang Heng(1867-1934) (Polish and French, won two Nobel Prizes)2021/8/11 星期三106.Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities?A. Stephen Hawking C. Thomas EdisonB. Archimedes(1847-1931) an American invento

6、r2021/8/11 星期三11Thomas EdisonThe Inventions of Thomas Edison Phonographfunr:f 留聲機(jī)LightbulbMotion Pictures電影 2021/8/11 星期三127.Who was the painter that studied dead bodies to improve his painting of people?A. Gregor MendelC. Marie CurieB. Leonardo da Vinci列奧納多達(dá)芬奇 (1452-1519) Italian artist2021/8/11 星期

7、三138. Who invented a lamp to keep miners safe underground?Sir Humphry Davy英國(guó)化學(xué)家煤礦安全燈發(fā)明者漢弗萊戴維爵士 C. FaradayB. Thomas Newcomen (1778-1829) British2021/8/11 星期三149. Who invented the earliest instrument to tell people where earthquakes happened?A. Charles DarwinC. Watt B. Zhang Heng(78-139) Chinese, inve

8、nted seismograph2021/8/11 星期三1510.Who put forward a theory about black holes?Stephen Hawking史蒂芬霍金（英國(guó)著名物理學(xué)家） C. CopernicusB. Archimedes(1942-) a British astronomer2021/8/11 星期三16John SnowBritish ( 1813 1858) a legendary(傳奇的) figure in the history of public health, epidemiologyepi,di:mildi （流行病學(xué)） and

9、anesthesiology（麻醉學(xué)） 2021/8/11 星期三17What is Cholera? Cholera is the illness caused by a bacteriumbktirim n. 細(xì)菌. It infects peoples intestines(腸), causing diarrhea,dairi (腹瀉), vomiting嘔吐 and leg cramps肌肉抽筋；腹部絞痛 . 2021/8/11 星期三182021/8/11 星期三19Do you know how to prove a new ideain scientific research?s

10、even stages2021/8/11 星期三20Make a conclusion Think of a method Collect results Make up a questionFind a problem Analyse the results Repeat if necessary2021/8/11 星期三21John Snow defeats “King cholera霍亂王”Reading2021/8/11 星期三22Do you know what was this map used for in 1854?Finding out the cause of Choler

11、a.2021/8/11 星期三23A map of Broad StreetWhat method did he use?Broad StreetMany deaths happened here.No death happened here.The water from the pump was to blame.Public house2021/8/11 星期三24What happened in 1854?How many people died in 10 days?Why is there no death at No. 20 and 21 Broad Street as well

12、as at No. 8 and 9 Cambridge Street?Task 1:Skim and Scan2021/8/11 星期三251. What happened in 1854?2. How many people died in 10 days?Cholera outbreak hit London.5002021/8/11 星期三263. Why is there no death at No. 20 and 21 Broad Street as well as at No. 8 and 9 Cambridge Street?These families had not dru

13、nk the water from the Broad Street寬街 pump.2021/8/11 星期三27Task 2detailed reading2021/8/11 星期三28Read and answer:Paragraph 1:1 Why couldnt the cholera be under control at first? Neither its cause, not its cure was understood.True or false:1. John Snow was glad to help ordinary people. 2. John Snow thou

14、ght cholera would never be controlled.TF2021/8/11 星期三29Paragraph 2 make up a question: Which theory to believe in? idea 1idea 2Cholera multiplied in the air without reason. A cloud of dangerous gas would float around until it found its victims.People absorbed it with their meals.2021/8/11 星期三30 John

15、 Snow finally proved the theory he believed by _. A. gathering information with the help of a map B. looking into the source of the water for Broad Street and Cambridge Street C. separating those who suffered cholera from those who didnt D. both A and B E. both A and CParagraph 3&42021/8/11 星期三31Par

16、agraph 3&4Whats the result?He found the cause of cholera was the polluted water.2021/8/11 星期三32Paragraph 5When the cause was found, what did the people do？Remove the handle手柄 from the water pump so it could not be used.2021/8/11 星期三33Paragraph 6What s the extra evidence?Two other deaths in another p

17、art of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.2021/8/11 星期三34Paragraph 7What are John Snows suggestions? The source of all water supplies should be examined. New methods of dealing with polluted water should be found. The water companies were also instructed not to expose people to pol

18、luted water anymore.2021/8/11 星期三35Whats the main idea of the passage?John Snow was a well-known doctor in London.The cause of Cholera was polluted water.The source of all drinking water should be examined.How did John Snow collect, analyze data and find the cause of the disease and solved it .2021/

19、8/11 星期三36Task 3Mind Map of the text2021/8/11 星期三37John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”Paragraph 1: Introduction of John Snow and Cholera Paragraph 2: Two theory Find a Problem: What cause the cholera?Make up a question: Which is right?Paragraph 3-6: Study of the breakout in 1854 2021/8/11 星期三38Paragrap

20、h 3: Study of the breakout in 1854 Think of a method: Test two theoryCollect the result: Mark the deathParagraph 4: Study of the breakout in 1854 Analyse the result: Reason for death and no death2021/8/11 星期三39Paragraph 5: Study of the breakout in 1854 Paragraph 6: Study of the breakout in 1854 Repe

21、at if necessary: Find more evidence.Draw a conclusion: Cholera was spread by germ Polluted water carried choleraAnalyse the result: Find the resource of the water 2021/8/11 星期三40Paragraph 7: Prevention of Cholera John Snow defeat King Cholera2021/8/11 星期三41Read the passage again and fill in the blan

22、ks:John Snow was a well-known _ in London in the _ century. He wanted to find the _ of cholera in order to _ it. In 1854 when a cholera _ out, he began to gather information. He _ on a map where all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had drunk the dirty water from the _ died

23、. So he decided that the polluted water carried cholera. He suggested that the _ of all water supply be _ and new methods of _ with polluted water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was defeated.doctor19thcausedefeatbrokemarkedpumpsourceexamineddealing (in 5 minutes)2021/8/11 星期三42 Language points202

24、1/8/11 星期三43 I: some key words 2021/8/11 星期三441. expert nadj2021/8/11 星期三452.-so famous, expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as.1) to be present at, to go to 出席, 參加a meeting , a ceremony, a funeral, a lecture, school, churchE.g. Your attendance (n.) at the meeting will be welcome.2) to l

25、ook after, care for, serve照顧，看護(hù)Which doctor is attending (to/ on) you?2021/8/11 星期三464）attendance n.照顧 the act of attendinge.g There is a doctor in attendance. 3) to go with 伴隨 The work was attended with much difficulty.2021/8/11 星期三473.But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary p

26、eople exposed to cholera. 在句中是過去分詞作后置定語(yǔ),表示被動(dòng).意為“患霍亂的”.expose vt.to make visible 暴露 “expose to”把暴露于之下. be exposed to(暴露) He exposes his skin to the sun. (2)to reveal the guilt or wrong doing of 揭露;揭發(fā)He exposed their plot.他揭穿了他們的陰謀.I threatened to expose him ( to the police).2021/8/11 星期三48Exposing yo

27、ur skin to the sun often does you great harm. People d to radium are easy to catch cancer.2021/8/11 星期三493.This was the most deadly disease of its day. die (v.) dead (adj.) death (n.) deadly adj. 1.dangerous; likely to cause death 危險(xiǎn)的;致命的 a deadly disease/weapon 2. highly effective against sth. or s

28、omeone 強(qiáng)有力的;致命的 a deadly remark 擊中要害的評(píng)論 3. aiming to kill or destroy意在殺死的;不共戴天的: a deadly enemy不共戴天的敵人 2021/8/11 星期三50deadly adv. 1. very極度;非常;十分: deadly serious 十分 認(rèn)真 2. like death 死一般地: deadly pale 死一般蒼白2021/8/11 星期三514. He knew it would never be controlled until its cause was found.control vt. to

29、 have power over, rule, direct 統(tǒng)治,控制The government tries its best to control prices. n. 控制， 統(tǒng)治， 掌握1) lose control of/ be (go) out of control 失去控制The driver lost control of his car and it knocked into a tree.2) in control of 在控制下Mr. brown is in control of the money.3) under the control of 被控制著The mon

30、ey is under the control of Mr. brown.4) under control 受控制, 平靜無事The fire was finally under control.2021/8/11 星期三525. absorb v. 吸收(液體);承受;承擔(dān) (費(fèi)用等)Use the cloth to absorb the spilled ink. 吸干撒的墨水We will not absorb these charges.我們不能承擔(dān)這些費(fèi)用.absorbin/by.吸引注意 I was absorbed in a book and didnt hear your cal

31、l.專心看書absorbinto吸收The big company has gradually absorbed these small companies into its own organization.這家大公司逐漸將這些小的公司吞并了。2021/8/11 星期三536. the cholera was so severe that more than 500 people had died in 10 days.(1) so serious; so bad (人、紀(jì)律）嚴(yán)厲的， 嚴(yán)格的 I think you are too severe on the boy.His severe

32、looks frightened me.2021/8/11 星期三54(2) very harmful or painful (疼痛）劇烈的He has a severe pain in his leg.(3)be severe with: be strict with 對(duì)要求嚴(yán)格He is severe with himself.2021/8/11 星期三557. suggest vt. 建議, 提出, 使想起, 暗示The first suggested that cholera multipliedThe second suggested that people absorbed He

33、suggested that the source of all water supplies be examined and new methods of dealing with polluted water be found.2021/8/11 星期三561)建議,提議+v-ing+(that)+wh-I suggest our going to the park on Sunday. 我建議我們星期天去公園。 The dentist suggested that she (should) come another day. 牙醫(yī)建議她改天再來。 2). 暗示;啟發(fā)+(that)Her

34、expression suggested pleasure. 她面露喜色。 2021/8/11 星期三578. With this evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the disease.1) To make known publicly 發(fā)表、告知、宣布The news was announced to the public on TV.2) To make clearly known （事情）顯示;預(yù)告Warm sunshine announces the

35、coming of spring.2021/8/11 星期三58II: some important phrases 2021/8/11 星期三591. It seemed the water was to blame. (4duan) sb. for upon / on：把責(zé)任歸于She d the failure of their marriage on him.was to blame該受責(zé)備；應(yīng)該負(fù)責(zé) (不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))I am to blame for our losing the game. Its I who am to for our losing the game.vt.責(zé)

36、備, 譴責(zé)2021/8/11 星期三602. In addition, he found two other deaths in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. (6)in addition adv. as well as, besides 另外In addition, the course also produces practical experience. 此外,這門功課還提供了實(shí)踐的基礎(chǔ).A number of people came to the zoo in addition

37、 to Peter and Paul. 彼得和保爾以外,還有許多別的人來到動(dòng)物園.3. In addition, he found two other deaths in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.link vt. 連接These two cities were linked by a railway.2021/8/11 星期三61link to (connectto)把與連接起來= be linked to I cant link my computer to the intern

38、et.Fingerprints linked the suspect to the crime.4. Apart from the construction mentioned above, you have also learned the following phrase.apart from “ 除了之外”，主要與n.和v-ing連用。2021/8/11 星期三62Apart from a few faults, he is a trustworthy teacher. (except for)Apart from sport, my other interest outside cla

39、ss is music. (besides)Apart from some spelling mistakes, the composition is fairly good.2021/8/11 星期三63 III: Patterns2021/8/11 星期三641. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. (1)Every/each time是連詞,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句, “每次,每當(dāng)” Every time I meet him, I always think of the thi

40、ngs happened between us. the moment, the minute, the second, immediately, the moment, directly, instantly等都可以作連詞,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句, I will give the letter to him immediately I see him.I came directly I got your letter.The moment I catch a cold, I have a pain in my back.2021/8/11 星期三652. so + adj /adv + that

41、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句 (3)He is so young that he cant go to school The box is so light that the child can lift it sothat的否定句式可用 tooto替換,肯定句式可用enough to 替換.suchaanadjn.(單)that從句 ；suchadjn(不可數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù))that從句2021/8/11 星期三66We are such good students that all the teachers like us.It is such a big room that it can hold so man

42、y people.He has few books to read that he has to borrow some from the library. so2021/8/11 星期三671. (P1-6) Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities? 是誰(shuí)發(fā)明了把電帶給大城市中的每個(gè)人的辦法?the way of doing sth.= the way to do “做的方法”She showed us the way of cleaning it.= She showed us the

43、way to clean it. the way引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞有三種, 可以用that;可以用in which;還可以省略.I dont like the way (that/ in which) you speak to your father.2021/8/11 星期三68by the way 順便說 lose ones way 迷路 no way 沒門,別想 feel ones way 摸黑走,謹(jǐn)慎從事on ones way to在去的路上in this way=by this means=with this method用這種方法2021/8/11 星期三69to offer

44、(an idea, suggestion etc.) for consideration 提出(建議等) (2)推薦某人或自己任職位;提名May I put your name forward as our monitor?我能否提名你當(dāng)我們的班長(zhǎng)?put away 拋棄;舍棄 put down 寫下來;記入名單;put on 穿上;戴上;增加 put off 耽誤;延期put out 熄滅(燈);撲滅 (火) put up 建立;建造put up with 忍受 2. (P1-10) Who put forward a theory about black holes?2021/8/11 星

45、期三70GrammarGrammarpast participle used as the attribute & the predictive2021/8/11 星期三71一、過去分詞作定語(yǔ)1、單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)一般兼有被動(dòng)和完成的意義。 eg：a lost animal a used stamp an injured finger a broken coin a lighted candle一只迷路的動(dòng)物一枚用過的郵票一個(gè)受傷的手指一枚破損的硬幣一支點(diǎn)燃的蠟燭 2021/8/11 星期三72注意：過去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，有時(shí)只有被動(dòng)意義。 e.g.：spoken English 英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ) w

46、ritten exercises 書面練習(xí)少數(shù)表示位移或狀態(tài)改變的不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞只有完成的意義fallen leaves 落葉 the risen sun 升起來的太陽(yáng)a returned student 一名留學(xué)生 a retired teacher 一名退休教師an escaped prisoner 一名逃跑的囚犯 2021/8/11 星期三732、過去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)，表示被動(dòng)和或完成意義。 e.g.：The books written by Lu Xun are popular魯迅寫的書很受歡迎Well go to visit the bridge built hundreds o

47、f years ago 我們要去看那座建于幾百年前的橋。2021/8/11 星期三74想一想什么時(shí)候用前置定語(yǔ)？什么時(shí)候用后置定語(yǔ)？單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語(yǔ)一般放在被修飾的名詞前過去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)要放在被修飾的名詞后面2021/8/11 星期三75Practice: Change the following Past Participle into clauses.1） The question discussed was very important.= The question _ was very important. which had been discussed注：本句中的過去分詞作定

48、語(yǔ)，既表被動(dòng)又表完成。2021/8/11 星期三762） The United States is a developed country. = The United Stated is a country _ .which has developed注：本句中的過去分詞作定語(yǔ)，只表示完成。3） Have you noticed the bridge being built there?= Have you noticed the bridge _ there?which is being built注：本句中的過去分詞作定語(yǔ)，表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。2021/8/11 星期三77二、過去分詞

49、作表語(yǔ)1、過去分詞作表語(yǔ)，表示主語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)或所處的狀態(tài)，其前的系動(dòng)詞有包括be在內(nèi)的多種形式。 e.g.：Everyone present is very inspired at his speech 聽了他的發(fā)言，在場(chǎng)的所有人都很振奮。 You seem frightened. 你似乎受了驚嚇。2021/8/11 星期三78系動(dòng)詞appear, be, become, fall, feel, get, go, grow, keep,look, prove, remain, rest, run,seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn2021/8/11 星期三7

50、92、過去分詞作表語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的區(qū)別： 過去分詞作表語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)特點(diǎn)或狀態(tài)；而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。 e.g.：This shop is now closed 這家商店現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)關(guān)門了。(狀態(tài)) This shop is closed at 6 pm everyday 這家商店每天6點(diǎn)關(guān)門。(動(dòng)作） 2021/8/11 星期三80Practice: Complete the sentences using the past participle as the predicative.1. 丟了錢他自責(zé)不已。He _ about losing the money.2、你為什么總是看上去

51、很疲勞？這些日子睡得好嗎？ Why do you always _ ? Do you sleep well these days?got blamedlook so tired2021/8/11 星期三813.我對(duì)昨晚看的電影很失望。我原以為它能好些。 I _ the film I saw last night, I had expected it to be better.4.聽說那位明星死了，人人都很驚訝。 Everybody _to hear the death of the famous film starwas disappointed withwas shocked2021/8/11 星期三825.要去動(dòng)物園了，孩子們非常興奮。 The children _ going to the zoo6.他的傷口感染了一種新病毒. His wound _ a new virusare really excited aboutbecame/was infected with2021/8/11 星期三831. Dont use words, expressions, or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to