新概念第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法匯總

1、新概念一共144課，其中單課為課文，雙課為語(yǔ)法和練習(xí)。整本書(shū)是以單數(shù)課為正課，并附帶有插圖而雙數(shù)課則是針對(duì)單數(shù)課所講的內(nèi)容有針對(duì)性地進(jìn)行練習(xí)，從此出展現(xiàn)出整個(gè)新概念一教材區(qū)別于其他教材的獨(dú)特之處。以下是對(duì)新概念一整本教材的理解和剖析，以供各位對(duì)整個(gè)課本的理解和把握上參考和借鑒。首先根據(jù)課本中出現(xiàn)的時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)分析：本冊(cè)書(shū)的語(yǔ)法出現(xiàn)層次性和規(guī)律性是很強(qiáng)的，首先我們先來(lái)整本書(shū)中都出了哪些時(shí)態(tài),這些時(shí)態(tài)的具體分布和講解時(shí)我們大家需要注意的遞進(jìn)性。Lesson3134現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)Lesson3740第一次出現(xiàn)begoingto的將來(lái)時(shí)Lesson5156般現(xiàn)在時(shí)Lesson6776為一般過(guò)去式Lesson83

2、90為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Lesson9196為一般將來(lái)時(shí)（will）Lesson117118過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)Lesson119120過(guò)去完成時(shí)除去前面所有時(shí)態(tài)和句型所占據(jù)的76課我們一起來(lái)看一下以下的68課，每一課小的語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)，語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)都是在什么地方，應(yīng)該用什么樣的方式來(lái)講解。在這里告訴學(xué)員新概念一的每一個(gè)單課的重點(diǎn)都是出現(xiàn)雙課的標(biāo)題和課后的練習(xí)題里面。Lesson12語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：與陌生人說(shuō)話(huà)或引起別人的注意。Excuseme.Yes?Pardon?Thankyouverymuch.語(yǔ)法點(diǎn):主系表結(jié)構(gòu)this為主語(yǔ)，名詞做表語(yǔ)1的一般疑問(wèn)句以及它的肯定回答dsthisyourhandbag?Yes,itis.Les

3、son56語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：如何介紹別人。ThisisMissSophieDupont.Nicetomeetyou.語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)的主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。SheisFrench.HeisGerman.ItsaVolvo.(L6)a/an的使用。Lesson78語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：如何自我介紹和相互認(rèn)識(shí)。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：主語(yǔ)為第二人稱(chēng)的主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。AreyouFrench?Whatnationalityareyou?Whatsyourjob?特殊疑問(wèn)句。Lesson910語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：朋友或熟識(shí)的人之間如何相互問(wèn)候。Howareyou?語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：主系表結(jié)構(gòu)形容詞做表語(yǔ)。介詞短語(yǔ)表示位置nearthewindow,onthetele

4、vion,onthewallLesson2930語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：如何發(fā)號(hào)命令。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：祈使句(肯定)。動(dòng)詞與賓語(yǔ)的固定搭配。Lesson3738語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：如何表達(dá)將要做的事情。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)begoingtodo結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)將要發(fā)生的事情。Therebe句型的一般疑問(wèn)句形式。Lesson41-42語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：如何表示不可數(shù)名詞的量。Lesson63-64語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：建議忠告。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：dontdo.Youmustntdo.Lesson65-66語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：具體時(shí)間表示法（半點(diǎn)和刻鐘）。反身代詞。具體日期表達(dá)方式。Lesson73-74語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：?jiǎn)柭?。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。形容詞轉(zhuǎn)變成副詞。Lesson77-78

5、語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：看病。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：綜合時(shí)間表達(dá)方式。Lesson105-106語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：辦公室用語(yǔ)。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：wantsbtodo./tellsbtodo.以及其否定形式。Lesson103-104語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：考試。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：賓語(yǔ)從句。（從句部分為非現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)）程度副詞too,very,enoughLesson125-126語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：/語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：havetodo./dontneedtodo.Lesson127-128語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：娛樂(lè)界。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：must/cant對(duì)現(xiàn)在事情的肯定/否定猜測(cè)。Lesson129-130語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：交通狀況。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：must/canthavebeen.對(duì)過(guò)去事情的肯定/否定猜測(cè)。Lesson131-1

6、32語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：度假。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：may對(duì)現(xiàn)在/過(guò)去事情的肯定或否定猜測(cè)。以下學(xué)的知識(shí)慢慢與新二接軌：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：Lesson8390直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)：Lesson99102形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)：Lesson107112neither,so的用法：Lesson113114不定代詞的用法：Lesson115116過(guò)去進(jìn)行和過(guò)去完成時(shí)：Lesson117120定語(yǔ)從句：Lesson121124情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的綜合用法：Lesson125132直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)：Lesson133136（著重講時(shí)態(tài)的倒推）if的用法：Lesson137140被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Lesson141144英語(yǔ)中的時(shí)態(tài)一共有八種，它們是：

7、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。今天我們所要講的就是第一種：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一一表示一般性，經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或一般性事實(shí)。1、含有be動(dòng)詞的句子Heisateacher.Thegirlisverybeautiful.TimandJackarestudents.變疑問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞移到句首Isheateacher?Isthegirlverybeautiful?AreTimandJackstudents?變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加notHeisnotateacher.Thegirlisnotverybeautiful.TimandJackareno

8、tstudents.肯定回答及否定回答Yes,heis./No,heisnot.Yes,sheis./No,sheisnot.Yes,theyare./No,theyarenot.2、不含有be動(dòng)詞的句子，即含有一般動(dòng)詞的句子。(1)第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)及單數(shù)名詞Helikesbooks.Shelikeshim.Thedoglikesbones.變疑問(wèn)句在句首加does,動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵虳oeshelikebooks?Doesshelikehim?Doesthedoglikebones?變否定句在主語(yǔ)及動(dòng)詞之間加doesnt,動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵?，原句中的?dòng)詞不再有第三人稱(chēng)變化。Hedoesntlikebooks

9、.Shedoesntlikehim.Thedogdoesntlikebones.肯定回答及否定回答：Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesnt.Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesntYes,itdoes./No,itdoesnt.注意：第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式一般在動(dòng)詞后面加S,不要和名詞復(fù)數(shù)混淆，變否定句或疑問(wèn)句時(shí)名詞復(fù)數(shù)沒(méi)有任何變化。(2)其他人稱(chēng)及復(fù)數(shù)名詞Iwanttohaveabath.Wehavesomemeat.Thestudentslikesmartteachers.變疑問(wèn)句在句首加doDoyouwanttohaveabath?Dowehaveanymeat?Dothes

10、tudentslikesmartteachers?變否定句在主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞之間加dont.Youdontwanttohaveabath.Wedonthaveanymeat.Thestudentsdontlikesmartteachers.肯定回答及否定回答Yes,Ido./No,Idont.Yes,wedo./No,wedontYes,theydo./No,theydont.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其它成分Wearehavinglunch.Heisreadingabook.Thedogisrunningafteracat.Theboysareswimm

11、ingacrosstheriver.變疑問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞移到句首Arewehavinglunch?Ishereadingabook?Isthedogrunningafteracat?Aretheboysswimmingacrosstheriver?變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加notWearenothavinglunch.Heisnotreadingabook.Thedogisnotrunningafteracat.Theboysareswimmingacrosstheriver.特殊疑問(wèn)句：what,which,how,where,who,etc.疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞Whatareyoudo

12、ing?Whatisshedoing?Whatisthedogdoing?沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞（必背）表示狀態(tài)，思想，感情和感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞不能表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作：表示感覺(jué)，感官的詞see,hear,like,love,wanthave,has當(dāng)擁有”講時(shí)沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事件，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如yesterday,lastnight,thedaybeforeyesterday,3daysago.含有be動(dòng)詞的句子，將be動(dòng)詞變?yōu)檫^(guò)去式。am,is的過(guò)去式為was,are的過(guò)去式為were：Iwasatthebutchers.Youwereastudentayearag

13、o.Theteacherwasverybeautifultenyearsago.變疑問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞移動(dòng)到句首Wereyouatthebutchers?Wereyouastudentayearago?Wastheteacherverybeautifultenyearsago?變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加notIwasnotatthebutchers.Youwerenotastudentayearago.Theteacherwasnotverybeautifultenyearsago.肯定回答否定回答Yes,Iwas./No,Iwasnot.Yes,youwere./No,youwerenot.Yes

14、,he/shewas./No,he/shewasnot.特殊疑問(wèn)句Whatdidyoudo?（必背）不含有be動(dòng)詞的句子，將動(dòng)詞變?yōu)檫^(guò)去式：Ifinishedmyhomeworkyesterday.Theboywenttoarestaurant.TheSawyerslivedatKingStreetayearago.變疑問(wèn)句在句首加did，動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵虳idyoufinishyourhomeworkyesterday?Didtheboygotoarestaurant?DidtheSawyersliveatKingStreetayearago?變否定句在主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞之間加didnotIdidnot

15、finishmyhomeworkyesterday.Theboydidnotgotoarestaurant.TheSawyersdidnotliveatKingStreetayearago.肯定回答及否定回答Yes,Idid./No,Ididnt.Yes,hedid./No,hedidnt.Yes,theydid./No,theydidnot.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞have,has+過(guò)去分詞用法：1）表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的和現(xiàn)在有某種聯(lián)系的動(dòng)作，常和just,usually,aiready,since等時(shí)間副詞連用。Ihavejusthadlunch.（飽了，不用再吃了。）Hehashadacu

16、poftea.（不渴了，不用再喝。）Theyhavealreadyhadtheirholiday.（不能再度假了。）Theboyhasalreadyreadthebook.（已經(jīng)知道書(shū)的內(nèi)容了，不用再看了。）2）詢(xún)問(wèn)別人是否做過(guò)某事一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?HaveyoubeentoBeijing?Haveheseenthefilm?3）表示開(kāi)始于過(guò)去并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作IhavelivedinBeijingfortwentyyears.Ihaveworkedforthisschoolfor1year.4）表示一種經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)驗(yàn)：去過(guò)地方，做過(guò)事情，經(jīng)

17、歷過(guò)事情Ihaveneverhadabath.Ihaveneverseenafilm.Ihaveneverbeentocinema.IhaveeverbeentoParis.Havebeento表示去過(guò)，havegoneto表示去了IhavebeentoLondon.（人已經(jīng)回來(lái)）HehasgonetoLondon.（人還在那里）5）表示一種結(jié)果，一般不和時(shí)間副詞聯(lián)用Ihavelostmypen.Ihavehurtmyself.Hehasbecomeateacher.Shehasbrokenmyheart.句型變化：變疑問(wèn)句將助動(dòng)詞移到句首，變否定句在助動(dòng)詞后面加not.Haveyoulost

18、yourpen?Ihavenotlostmypen.肯定回答及否定回答Yes,Ihave./No,Ihavenot.特殊疑問(wèn)句Whathaveyoudone?Whathashedone?一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別：凡是有明確的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的句子為過(guò)去時(shí)。注意：有些動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作有一個(gè)終點(diǎn)，不能再延續(xù)，因此不能和表示一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。錯(cuò)：IveleftBeijingfor3days.對(duì)：IleftBeijing3daysago.Ihavebeenawayfrombeingfor3days.一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將來(lái)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，經(jīng)常和tomorrow,nextyear,thedayaftert

19、omorrow,theyearafterthenext,infivehourstime,etc.表示將來(lái)的詞聯(lián)用。結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞will+動(dòng)詞原形IwillgotoAmericatomorrow.ThepilotwillflytoJapanthemonthafterthenext.Jackwillmoveintohisnewhousetomorrowmorning.變疑問(wèn)句將助動(dòng)詞移到句首WillyougotoAmericatomorrow?WillthepilotflytoJapanthemonthafterthenext?WillJackmoveintohisnewhousetomor

20、rowmorning?變否定句在助動(dòng)詞后面加notIwillnotgotoAmericatomorrow.ThepilotwillnotflytoJapanthemonthafterthenext.Jackwillnotmoveintohisnewhousetomorrowmorning.肯定回答及否定回答Yes,Iwill./No,Iwillnot.Yes,he/shewill./No,he/shewillnot.Yes,hewill./No,hewillnot.特殊疑問(wèn)句Whatwillyoudo?過(guò)去完成時(shí)用法：在過(guò)去的時(shí)間里，兩個(gè)動(dòng)作中，發(fā)生在前的哪個(gè)動(dòng)作要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：had+過(guò)

21、去分詞Aftershehadfinishedherhomework,shewentshopping.TheyhadsoldthecarbeforeIaskedtheprice.ThetrainhadleftbeforeIarrivedatthestation.After/before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句放在句首要在句子后面加逗號(hào)，如果放在主句后則不用加。變疑問(wèn)句將助動(dòng)詞移到句首Hadshefinishedherhomework?變否定句在助動(dòng)詞后面加notShehadntfinishedherhomework.肯定回答及否定回答Yes,shehad./No,shehadnt.特殊疑問(wèn)句Whath

22、adshedone?過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，經(jīng)常用在when,while,as引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中。結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+doingWhenmyhusbandwasgoingintothediningroomthismorning,hedroppedsomecoinsonthefloor.TheirfatherwaswatchingTVwhiletheywerehavingdinner.變疑問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞移到句首WastheirfatherwatchingTVwhiletheywerehavingdinner.變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加notTheirfatherwasnotwatchi

23、ngTVwhiletheywerehavingdinner.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：woulddoShesaidshewouldgoherethenextmorning.兩個(gè)特殊句型：therebe句型，begoingto結(jié)構(gòu)1）Begoingto結(jié)構(gòu)表示打算，準(zhǔn)備，計(jì)劃做某事結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+goingto+動(dòng)詞原型Iamgoingtomakeabookcase.Theyaregoingtopaintit.Thefatherisgoingtogivethebookcasetohisdaughter.變疑問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞移到句首Areyougoingtomakeabookcase?Aretheygo

24、ingtopaintit?Isthefathergoingtogivethebookcasetohisdaughter?變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加notIamnotgoingtomakeabookcase.Theyaregoingtopaintit.Thefatherisnotgoingtogivethebookcasetohisdaughter.肯定回答及否定回答Yes,Iam./No,Iamnot.Yes,theyare./No,theyarenot.Yes,heis./No,heisnot.特殊疑問(wèn)句（必背）Whatareyougoingtodo?Whataretheygoingtodo?

25、Whatisthefathergoingtodo?2）Therebe句型一一表示哪里有什么東西（某處有某物）Thereis+單數(shù)名詞+表示場(chǎng)所的詞（一般為介詞詞組）Thereisabookinthisroom.ThereisapenonthetableThereare+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+表示場(chǎng)所的詞（一般為介詞詞組）Therearetwopensonthetable.Therearethreeschoolsthere.變疑問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞移到句首Isthereabookinthisroom?Aretheretwopensonthetable?變否定句在動(dòng)詞后面加notThereisnotabookint

26、hisroom.Therearenottwopensonthetable.肯定回答及否定回答Yes,thereis./No,thereisnot.Yes,thereare./No,therearenot.問(wèn)句：一般疑問(wèn)句，特殊疑問(wèn)句，選擇疑問(wèn)句，反意疑問(wèn)句，選擇疑問(wèn)句，否定疑問(wèn)句1）一般疑問(wèn)句：助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)Areyouateacher?Doyouwanttohaveacupoftea?2）特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句Whatisyourname?3）選擇疑問(wèn)句：orDoyouwantbeeforlamb?4）反意疑問(wèn)句：肯定陳述句+否定疑問(wèn)部分，否定陳述部分+肯定疑問(wèn)部分You

27、dontneedthatpen,doyou?5）否定疑問(wèn)句：一般疑問(wèn)句+否定詞Arentyoulucky?Dontyouwanthavearest?限定詞:some,any,many,muchsome,any修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，some用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句。注意：當(dāng)期待對(duì)方的答案為肯定回答時(shí)用some。Ihavesomemilk.Idonthaveanymilk.MayIhavesomemilk?many修飾可數(shù)名詞，much修飾不可數(shù)名詞。在口語(yǔ)中表示很多”一般不用many,much,而用alotof,在否定句中表示很多”用many,much。Ihavealotofmo

28、ney.Idonthavemuchmoney.名詞名詞分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞：1）不可數(shù)名詞無(wú)法分開(kāi)的東西：water,tea,bread,milk,rice扌由象的東西：love,beauty,coldness不可數(shù)名詞有以下特點(diǎn)：不能用a,an修飾；不能加s；和單數(shù)be動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞搭配。2）可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞要用冠詞修飾，復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞要在名詞后面加S。名詞復(fù)數(shù)共有以下幾種變化:規(guī)則變化的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式規(guī)則1一般情況+se.g.shellshellsbookbooks規(guī)貝92以s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾+ese.g.foxfoxeschurchchurches,busbuses,watchwat

29、ches規(guī)貝93以o結(jié)尾+s或+ese.g.potatopotatoes,NegroNegroes,heroheroes,tomatotomatoes,(口訣：黑人英雄愛(ài)吃土豆和西紅柿),剩下一般加s,radioradios規(guī)則4以f,fe結(jié)尾的，變f,fe為vese.g.lifeliveshalfhalves,shelfshelves,citycities,wifewives規(guī)則5以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，變y為i+ese.g.skyskiesflyflies不規(guī)則變化的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式man(men)woman(women)foot(feet)goose(geese)tooth(teeth)chil

30、d(children)sheep(sheep)deer(deer)mouse(mice)fish(fish)副詞副詞可以修飾形容詞,動(dòng)詞,副詞或整個(gè)句子。如：Thebookisverygood.Herunsfast.Shecameherequiteearly.CertainlyIwillgowithyou.副詞變化形式：直接在形容詞后加-ly：careful-carefully,slow-slowly以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的形容詞，把y變i,力口-ly：happy-happily,lucky-luckily有些詞形容詞和副詞的形式相同，不需要做任何變化：fast,hard,late有些詞加上-ly

31、后意思與原詞相差很遠(yuǎn)：neary-nearly,high-highly,late-lately情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的使用1）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can（能夠），must（必須），may（可以）結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+can/must/may+動(dòng)詞原型Hecanmakethetea.Sallycanairtheroom.WecanspeakEnglish.變疑問(wèn)句將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞移到句首Canhemakethetea?CanSallyairtheroom?CanwespeakEnglish?變否定句在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面加notHecannotmakethetea.Sallycannotairtheroom.WecannotspeakEngli

32、sh.肯定回答及否定回答Yes,hecan./No,hecannot.Yes,shecan./No,shecannot.Yes,wecan./No,wecannot.特殊疑問(wèn)句：（必背）Whatcanyoudo?注意：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子沒(méi)有第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)的變化，不要在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞后面加S。must/haveto的區(qū)別must表示必須，是主觀(guān)上覺(jué)得應(yīng)該做，haveto是不得不，是由于客觀(guān)條件逼迫的必要要做must只能用在表示現(xiàn)在和將來(lái)的句子里，而havetodo可以用在任何時(shí)態(tài)must,may,might表示猜測(cè)：mustdo表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在事實(shí)的猜測(cè)musthavedone表示對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)的猜測(cè)musth

33、avebeendoing表示對(duì)過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行的事實(shí)的猜測(cè)may/mightdo,may/mighthavedone表示沒(méi)有任何事實(shí)依據(jù)的猜測(cè)，might的可能性更小。cant/couldnt表示不可能need的用法表示“需要”時(shí)為實(shí)意動(dòng)詞，后面可以加名詞，也可以加不定式：Ineedapen.Doyouneedanybeer?No,Idont.Ineedtohavearest.Needdoing=needtobedone(表示被動(dòng))Theflowersneedwatering.=Theflowersneedtobewatered.花需要澆水。need在否定時(shí)做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞使用：Youneedntgos

34、oearly.(=Youdontneedtogosoearly.)MustIcleanthedeskrightnow?No,youneednt.不定代詞及不定副詞some,any,no,every-thing:something,anything,nothing,everything-one:someone,anyone,anything,everyone-where:somewhere,anywhere,anywhere,everywhere-body:somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody例子：Ilookedformybookeverywhere,butIcan

35、tfinditanywhere.Ifyouwanttogosomewhere,ifyouwanttobesomeone,youmustwakeup.Help!Somebody?Anybody?Youarereallysomething.你真了不起！(口語(yǔ)中常用something來(lái)表示真像回事兒”，“真行”的意思)Sinceeverybodyishere,letsbeginourclass.Wheredidyougo?Iwentnowhere.Nobodyisathome.感嘆句：What+名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)Whatabeautifulgirlsheis!Whattallbuildingsthey

36、are!How+形容詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)Howbeautifulthegirlis!Howtallthebuildingsare!在口語(yǔ)中，感嘆句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)常常省略：Whatanicepresent!(省略itis)Howdisappointed!(省略sheis或其它可作本句主、謂的詞語(yǔ))祈使句表示請(qǐng)求、命令、建議、邀請(qǐng)等，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一律用原型，句子中通常不用主語(yǔ)，句末用驚嘆好或者句號(hào)，用降調(diào)。肯定句：動(dòng)詞原型Comehere,please.Godownstairs,please.Standup.Sitdown.Bequiet.Becareful.祈使句中如果有喚語(yǔ)，一定要用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，放在句首或者句尾:Comein,Amy.Sitdownhere,Tom.Mary,givemeabookplease.否定：Dont+動(dòng)詞原型Dontcomehere.Dontsitdown.Dontstandup.Dontgivemeit.letsb.do讓某人做Letmepass.Letushavearest.Letshavearest.反意疑問(wèn)：Letshaveawalkalongt