英語(yǔ)四級(jí)模擬試卷

1、- -scientist.注意：自此部份試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。ARecentlyBconsumersCchemicalsDenvironmentEcombineFtransparentGbuyHcompanionIexpertsJformsKburyLpaperMpaperNplasticOUsuallySectionBDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarke

2、dA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.PassageOneQuestions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Itisdifficulttoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutmemory.Themeaningsofthousandsofeverydayperceptions,thebasisforthedecisionswemake,

3、andtherootsofourhabitsandskillsaretobefoundinourpastexperiences,whicharebroughtintothepresentbymemory.Memorycanbedefinedasthecapacitytokeepinformationavailableforlateruse.Itnotonlyincludesrememberingthingslikearithmeticorhistoricalfacts,butalsoinvolvesanychangeinthewayananimaltypicallybehaves.Memory

4、isinvolvedwhenaratgivesupeatinggrainbecausehehassniffed（嗅出）somethingsuspiciousinthegrainpile.Memoryexistsnotonlyinhumansandanimalsbutalsoinsomephysicalobjectsandmachines.Computers,forexample,containdevicesforstoringdataforlateruse.Itisinterestingtocomparethememorystoragecapacityofacomputerwiththatof

5、ahumanbeing.Theinstantaccessmemoryofalargecomputermayholdupto100,000wordsstringofalphabeticornumericalcharactersreadyforinstantuse.AnaverageU.S.teenagerprobablyrecognizesthemeaningofabout100,000wordsofEnglish.However,thisisbutafractionofthetotalamountofinformationthattheteenagerhasstored.Consider,fo

6、rexample,thenumberoffacesandplacesthattheteenagercanrecognizeonsight.Theuseofwordsisthebasisoftheadvancedproblem-solvingintelligenceofhumanbeings.Alargepartofapersonsmemoryisintermsofwordsandcombinationsofwords.Butwhilelanguagegreatlyexpandsthenumberandthekingofthingsapersoncanremember,italsorequire

7、sahugememorycapacity.Itmaywellbethiscapacitythatdistinguisheshumans,settingthemapartfromotheranimals.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutmemory?Ithelpsusperceivethingshappeningarounduseveryday.Itisbasedonthedecisionswemadeinthepast.Itisrootedinourpasthabitsandskills.Itconnectsourpastexperienceswiththepres

8、ent.Accordingtothepassage,memoryishelpfulinoneslifeinthefollowingaspectsEXCEPTthat.itinvolvesachangeinonesbehavioritkeepsinformationforlateruseitwarnspeoplenottodothingsrepeatedlyitenablesonetoremembereventsthathappenedinthepastWhatistheauthorsviewaboutcomputersandhumanbeingsintermsofintelligence?Co

9、mputershavebettermemorythanachilddoes.Computersareasintelligentasateenageris.Computerscanunderstandasmanyas100,000words.Humanbeingsarefarsuperiortocomputers.Whatisthemajorcharacteristicofmansmemorycapacityaccordingtotheauthor?Itcanbeexpandedbylanguage.CItmaykeepalltheinformationinthepast.Itcanrememb

10、erallthecombinedwords.DItmaychangewhathasbeenstoredinit.Humanbeingsmakethemselvesdifferentfromotheranimalsby.havingtheabilitytoperceivedangerhavingafargreatermemorycapacityhavingtheabilitytorecognizefacesandplacesonsighthavingtheabilitytodrawonpastexperiencesPassageTwoQuestions62to66arebasedinthefol

11、lowingpassage.Familyisofcourseanelasticword.ButwhenBritishpeoplesaythattheirsocietyisbasedonfamilylife,theyarethinkingoffamilyinitsnarrow,peculiarlyEuropeansenseofmother,fatherandchildrenlivingtogetheraloneintheirownhouseasaneconomicandsocialunit.Thus,everyBritishmarriageindicatesthebeginningofanewa

12、ndindependentfamilyhencethetremendousimportanceofmarriageinBritishlife.Forboththemanandthewoman,marriagemeansleavingonesparentsandstartingonesownlife.Themansfirstdutywillthenbetohiswife,andthewifestoherhusband.Hewillbeentirelyresponsibleforherfinancialsupport,andshefortherunningofthenewhome.Theirchi

13、ldrenwillbetheircommonresponsibilityandtheirsalone.Neitherthewifesparentsnorthehusbands,northeirbrothersorsisters,auntsoruncles,haveanyrighttointerferewiththemtheyaretheirownmasters.ReadersofnovelslikeJaneAustensPrideandPrejudicewillknowthatinformertimesmarriageamongwealthyfamilieswasarrangedbythegi

14、rlsparents,thatis,itwastheparentsdutytofindasuitablehusbandfortheirdaughter,preferablyarichone,andbyskillfulencouragementtoleadhimeventuallytoasktheirpermissiontomarryher.Untilthattime,thegirlwasprotectedandmaintainedintheparentshome,andthefinancialreliefofgettingridofhercouldbeseenintheirgivingthen

15、ewlymarriedpairasumofmoneycalledadowry（嫁妝）.Itisverydifferenttoday.Mostgirlsoftodaygetajobwhentheyleaveschoolandbecomefinanciallyindependentbeforetheirmarriage.Thishashadtworesults:agirlchoosesherownhusband,andshegetsnodowry.WhatdoestheauthormeanbyFamilyisofcourseanelasticword?Differentfamilieshavedi

16、fferentwaysoflife.Differentdefinitionscouldbegiventotheword.Differentnationshavedifferentfamilies.Differenttimesproducedifferentfamilies.ForanEnglishfamily,thehusbandsdutyis.supportingthefamilywhilethewifeisfinancialdefendingthefamilywhilethewifeisrunningthehomefinancialwhilethewifeisrunningthehomei

17、ndependentwhilethewifeisdependentEverythingisdecidedinafamily.AbythecoupleCbybrothersandsistersBwiththehelpoftheirparentsDwiththehelpofauntsandunclesWhatisTRUEconcerningthebookPrideandPrejudice?AItisthebestbookonmarriage.BItisahandbookofmarriage.ItgivesquitesomeideasofEnglishsociallifeinthepast.Itpr

18、ovidesalotofinformationofformertimewealthyfamilies.WithregardtomarriageinBritain,presentdaygirlsdifferfromformertimegirlsinAtherighttomarryCchoosinghusbandsBmoreparentalsupportDsocialpositionPartVCloze(15minutes)Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA)

19、,B),C)andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Formanypeopletoday,readingisnolongerrelaxation.Tokeepuptheirworktheymustreadletters,reports,tradepublications,interofficecommunications,nott

20、omentionnewspapersandmagazines:aneverendingfloodofwords.In67ajoboradvancinginone,theabilitytoreadandcomprehend68canmeanthedifferencebetweensuccessandfailure.Yettheunfortunatefactisthatmostofusare69readers.Mostofusdeveloppoorreading70atanearlyage,andnevergetoverthem.Themaindeficiency71intheactualstuf

21、foflanguageitselfwords.Takenindividually,wordshave72meaninguntiltheyarestrungtogetherintophrases,sentencesandparagraphs.73,however,theuntrainedreaderdoesnotreadgroupsofwords.Helaboriouslyreadsonewordatatime,oftenregressingto74wordsorpassages.Regression,thetendencytolookbackover75_youhavejustread,isa

22、commonbadhabitinreading.Anotherhabitwhich76downthespeedofreadingisvocalizationsoundingeachwordeitherorallyormentallyas77reads.Toovercomethesebadhabits,somereadingclinicsuseadevicecalledan78,whichmovesabar(orcurtain)downthepageatapredeterminedspeed.Thebarissetataslightlyfasterrate79thereaderfindscomf

23、ortable,inorderto“stretch”him.Theacceleratorforcesthereadertoreadfast,80word-by-wordreading,regressionandsub-vocalization,practicallyimpossible.Atfirst81issacrificedforspeed.Butwhenyoulearntoreadideasandconcepts,youwillnotonlyreadfaster,82yourcomprehensionwillimprove.Manypeoplehavefound83readingskil

24、ldrasticallyimprovedaftersometraining.84CharlceAu,abusinessmanager,forinstance,hisreadingratewasareasonablygood172wordsaminute85thetraining,nowitisanexcellent1,378wordsaminute.Heisdelightedthathowhecan86morereadingmaterialinashortperiodoftime.A)applyingB)doingC)offeringD)gettingA)quicklyB)easilyC)roughlyD)decidedlyA)goodB)curiousC)poorD)urgentA)trainingB)habitsC)situationsD)customA)liesB)combinesC)touchesD)involvesA)someB)al