2021-2022學(xué)年陜西省高三下學(xué)期第五次調(diào)研考試英語試題含解析

1、2021-2022高考英語模擬試卷考生請注意：1答題前請將考場、試室號、座位號、考生號、姓名寫在試卷密封線內(nèi)，不得在試卷上作任何標(biāo)記。2第一部分選擇題每小題選出答案后，需將答案寫在試卷指定的括號內(nèi)，第二部分非選擇題答案寫在試卷題目指定的位置上。3考生必須保證答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，請將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分 （共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1When it comes to in public, no one can match him.AspeakBspeakingCbeing spokenDbe spoken2I am always delighted when re

2、ceiving your invitation, _ the party on June 9th after the national college entrance examination, I shall be pleased to attend.AOn account ofBWith regard toCIn response toDIn view of3I ve heard that preparations_for the coming festival. Lets give them a hand.Aare being madeBhave been madeCare making

3、Dhave made4A Chinese proverb has it that a tower is built when soil on earth _, and a river is formed when streams come together.AaccumulatesBacceleratesCcollapsesDloosens5Some experts think, _ genes, intelligence also depends on an adequate diet, a good education and a nice home environment.Ainstea

4、d ofBexcept forCapart fromDfar from6Good morning. May I help you?No, thank you. Im just looking around._AIts up to you.BHow are you feeling today?CThanks for coming to see me.DTake your time then.7-Sorry! Im afraid that I cant go to the magic show by David Copperfield with you.- .AIt doesnt matter.B

5、Do as you like.CWhat a shame.DTake it easy.8At the end of the historic area，Wilmington displayed its _ as a working port city：large warehouses and a few other dated office buildingsAachievementBreputationCcharacterDstandard9Mary_ to writing classes every night since June and the course will end this

6、 week.Ahad gone Bhas been goingCis going Dwent10There are lots of examples of English idioms _ animals are used.AwhichBwhenCwhoseDwhere11_ the efforts made by the police, a fantastic performance will be put on tomorrow.AIn place of BIn search ofCIn charge of DIn praise of12 “Cell phone” is a America

7、n usage，but British speakers always use “mobile phone”AnormalBcommonCformalDusual13If Joes wife wont go to the party,_.Ahe will eitherBneither will heChe neither willDeither he will14In the US, there are currently over 5,000 community schools _, in addition to serving as educational institutions, fu

8、nction as community centers for the surrounding neighborhood.AwhichBwhereCwhoseDas15Have you finished all your exercises?Yes, _ is left. As a matter of fact, they are as easy as ABCAnothingBnot oneCnoneDneither16Thanks to Mr. Smith, the father and the son eventually _after ten years cold relationshi

9、p between them.Atook upBmade upClooked upDturned up17I have been decorating the apartment recently, so can you lend me some money?Sorry, all my money has gone to the stock market. _.AId rather not.BI am in the black.CI wouldnt bet on it.DI am a little shy.18The scientist does not study nature _ it i

10、s useful to do so. He studies it because he takes pleasure in it.AuntilBbecauseCthoughDunless19The conflict between economic development and environmental protection, if not appropriately _, can cause disastrous consequences in daily life settings.Abeing managedBto manageCmanagedDmanaging20She doesn

11、t speak our language, _ she seems to understand what we sayAforBandCyetDor第二部分 閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21（6分）Physics could soon make it possible to replace those heavy glass lenses（鏡頭）on cameras with “metalenses” materials engineered to focus light at a fraction（少量）of the weight

12、and size of traditional lensing.A team from Harvard Universitys school of engineering has designed a metalens that can focus nearly the entire visible light. Previous metalenses could focus only narrow color wavelengths, or wavelengths outside the visible.When light moves through glass, the differen

13、t wavelengths that make up the light slow at different rates. This causes their paths through the glass to bend, so that they separate. Pass a beam of white light through a prism（棱鏡）, and this effect will cause a rainbow to burst out the other end. This presents a challenge to lens makers; a single

14、focusing element will project a picture that has colors from red to violet hitting different spots on the film.So, modem camera lenses use many different glass elements to reverse that effect, pushing the different wavelengths of light back onto a single focal point, although that doesnt work perfec

15、tly; many photographers know the pain of buying an expensive lens only to find a violet edge around the subjects in their photographs.A metalens takes a different approach to focusing light. Instead of using the reflection of glass, a metalens uses tiny structures, typically made of titanium dioxide

16、（二氧化鈦）, to bend wavelengths toward the metalens focal point. In the past, though, metalenses could bend just one wavelength at a time, or in more advanced cases, a narrow band of the visual light. The newly created metalens bends nearly the full.Metalenses have other challenges to overcome before th

17、ey can compete seriously with traditional glass. The most significant one: resolution（分辨率）, according to a journal article. None of the metalenses so far are particularly sharp compared with their best glass competitors. But, again, as the technology progresses, it could address that limitation. Met

18、alenses might not land on store shelves anytime soon, but they are coming.1、What do we know about the “metalenses” from Paragraph 1?AIts small. BIts expensive.CIts visible. DIts narrow.2、Why is it tough in making lens?ALight is low at different rates.BLight path is bent when light travels.CAn image

19、has colors from red to violet.DWhite light will cause different colors.3、What does the underlined word “reverse” in Paragraph 4 mean?AChange. BExchange.CIncrease. DImprove.4、Whats unique in ways of focusing light for a new metalens?AIt throws the glass light back.BIt uses metals in the structure.CIt

20、 nearly makes the visual light all bend.DIt is more advanced and narrow.22（8分）ELECTRICITY IS AT THE CORE OF MODERN LIFE. DESPITE THIS, THE FULL STORY OF THIS REVOLUTIONARY FORCE HAS REMAINED UNTOLDUNTIL NOW.Simply Electrifying offers the comprehensive story of one of mankinds most important journeys

21、: from a time when only a few could even imagine a world with electricity to today when, for most of us, a world without electricity would be unimaginable.Since the birth of the modern science of electricity 265 years ago, mankind has built an impressive structure to produce, deliver, and use electr

22、icity, thanks to a combination of pioneering science, innovative technology, wise business strategy, and pervasive (到處存在的)economic and environmental regulation.Simply Electrifying brings to life the stories of the people that made it all possiblefrom early pathfinders like Benjamin Franklin, Michael

23、 Faraday, James Clerk Maxwell, and Albert Einstein to innovators such as Samuel Morse, Thomas Edison, George Westinghouse, and Nikola Tesla. In modern times, business strategists and economic and environmental regulation driven by many, including President Franklin DRoosevelt, Rachel Carson, and eve

24、n President Barack Obama, have shaped how we use and understand electricity in crucial ways. Today, Elon Musk and others are on the edge of again changing the way we think about and interact with it.Simply Electrifying is painstakingly researched and beautifully written, showing us how both profit-m

25、akers and policy-makers must use a wide-angle lens to truly understand the past and predict the future.1、According to the passage, the book Simply Electrifying is written to tell us .Apioneering science of electricityBsignificant journeys of electricityCthe people who invented electricityDthe resear

26、ch which was about electricity2、Why is President Barack Obama mentioned in the book Simply Electrifying?ABecause a policy-maker is usually a top dog that can arouse the readers interest.BBecause a policy-maker can help promote the better use of electricity.CBecause policy-makers can decide the futur

27、e of the use of electricity on the market.DBecause policy-makers can take control of the economy through electricity.23（8分）A new device the size of a coffee cup can make drinkable water from dry air using nothing but sunlight. With this device, “you can harvest a glass of water in an hour,” says Oma

28、r Yaghi, a chemist at the University of California, Berkeley. “Thats about how much water a person needs a day to survive in the desert.”Although the current device is just a prototype (原型), the technology could be adopted to supply fresh water to the most remote regions of the globe, such as the Mi

29、ddle East and North Africa.Similar devices in previous attempts worked only below 50 percent relative humidity (濕度). They can extract water from the air even at low relative humidity. However, they either collect water too slowly or require lots of energy.However, the new device, using a new special

30、 material, pulls water from air with as low as 20 percent relative humidity and successfully avoids both problems. Developed by MIT engineers from an existing material, the special material, called MOF-801, creates a network of very small pores (氣孔) that can trap water vapor. At room temperature, wa

31、ter vapor collects in the pores. As temperatures rise, the water escapes into the box designed for water collection.When the device is left in the shade, the layer of MOF-801 collects water vapor from the air. When moved into direct sunlight, the layer heats up and the water vapor escapes into a box

32、, which cools the vapor, making it into drinkable water. This entire process takes around two hours.Laboratory tests of the device harvested 2.8 liters of water per day. Therefore, the device could be used us a personal water source in dry regions, Yaghi says, or the techonology could be used to pro

33、duce enough water for a whole community.1、The new device is invented to according to Yaghi.Aprovide solar enegy Bmake the desert hospitableCmake water from air Dmeasure humidity2、What helps the device avoid the problems of previous attempts?AA new material called MOF-801.BLarge pores which can trap

34、water.CThe box cooling water vapor.DThe layer powered by the sun.3、Which is the right order of how the device works?a. Collect vapor from the air.b. The device is left in the shade.c. The device is moved in the sunlight.d. Cool the vapor into drinkable water.Aabcd BbacdCcabd Dacbd24（8分） While visiti

35、ng the North pole in winter may not be at the top of your bucket list，the ever-changing ICEHOTEL，which opened its doors to visitors on December 14 this year，may change your mind.200 km north of the Arctic Circle in the Swedish village of Jukkasjrvi，the hotel，which is carved entirely from ice，is rebu

36、ilt annually.The 35 rooms，built to accommodate visitors on all kinds of budgets，vary from expensive suites to basic rooms that are furnished with just an icy bed and a reindeer skin.Among the highlights this year is the“Spruce Woods”suite.Sculpted by Christopher Pascoe and Jennie OKeefe of Canada，it

37、 describes a camping scene complete with a classic microbus，a forest，and even an artificial campfire.There is also the artfully-carved“Living Ocean”suite to remind visitors of the importance of saving our oceans.The room is full of carved sea life that includes coral and a shark“swimming”right over

38、the ice bed.“The suite is inspired by global warming and the overfishing that affects our oceans.”says artist Jonathan Paul Green.“I also think the idea of using frozen water from a river in northern Sweden to create an ocean with shells，fish，and corals is exciting.”The nearby“Haven”suite is a“magic

39、al gate of ice”guarded by two large animals.“We are inspired by the meeting between people and want to create an experience that invites curiosity and creativity，”says artist Jonas Johansson.“It feels like a dream to get to work with ice that allows our love for light，shine，and reflection to wander

40、freely from thought to creation.”Regardless of whether visitors select the carved suites or the basic ice rooms，the temperature is always set to a bone-chilling 5!That is why guests are advised to snuggle(蜷縮)up inside sleeping bags and wear gloves and winter hats all night.Not surprisingly，most end

41、up spending just a single night at this unique hotel before moving on to the conventional and warmer hotels nearby.1、What does the underlined phrase“bucket list”mean in the text?AA shopping list of buckets.BA list of travelling destinations.CA list of expensive hotels.DA list of exciting ideas.2、Wha

42、t can we know about the ice hotel?AIt is rebuilt every year.BIts rooms are expensive.CIt organizes camping activities.DIt lies in a coastal city.3、Where does the inspiration of“Living Ocean”suite come from?AArt and literature.BOcean life and voyage.CClimate changes and human influence.DThe meeting o

43、f people.4、Which of the following is the best title for the text?AAn Adventure to the North PoleBAn Experience Close to NatureCA Taste of Cold:A Night in a VillageDA Winter Destination:Swedens Ice Hotel25（10分）The Marches were a happy family, Poverty, hard work, and even the fact that Father March wa

44、s away with the Union armies could not down the spirits of Meg, Jo, Beth, Amy, and Marmee, as the March girls called their mother.The March sisters tried to be good but had their share of faults. Pretty Meg was often displeased with the schoolchildren she taught; boyish Jo was easy to become angry;

45、golden-haired schoolgirl Amy liked to show up; but Beth, who kept the house, was loving and gentle always.The happy days passed and darkness came when a telegram arrived for Mrs. March. “Your husband is very ill,” it said, “come at once.” The girl tried to be brave when their mother left for the fro

46、nt. They waited and prayed. Little Beth got scarlet fever (猩紅熱) when she was taking care of the sick neighbor. She became very ill but began to recover by the time Marmee was back. When Father came home from the front and at that joyful Christmas dinner they were once more all together.Three years l

47、ater the March girls had grown into young womanhood. Meg became Mrs. Brooke, and after a few family troubles got used to her new state happily. Jo had found pleasure in her literary efforts. Amy had grown into a young lady with a talent for design and an even greater one for society. But Beth had ne

48、ver fully regained her health, and her family watched her with love and anxiety.Amy was asked to go and stay in Europe with a relative of the Marches. Jo went to New York and became successful in her writing and had the satisfaction of seeing her work published there. But at home the bitterest blow

49、was yet to fall Beth had known for some time that she couldnt live much longer to be with the family and in the spring time she died.News came from Europe that Amy and Laurie, the grandson of a wealthy neighbor, had planned to be married soon. Now Jo became ever more successful in her writing and go

50、t married to Professor Bhaer and soon afterwards founded a school for boys.And so the little women had grown up and lived happily with their children, enjoying the harvest of love and goodness that they had devoted all their lives to.1、The members of the March family were Father March, Mrs. March an

51、d their .Afive daughters Bfour daughtersCson and four daughters Dson and five daughters2、Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?AThe March Family BThe March ParentsCThe March Girls DThe March Relatives3、It can be inferred from the passage that the March family had .Amore girl

52、s than boys Bwealthy neighborsCboth happiness and sadness Da lot of rich relatives第三部分 語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項26（30分）It happened to a very young pastor (牧師).His church was very old and whats worse, a storm knocked a hole in the wall of the church.One

53、day the pastor1_an auction(拍賣）and bid a beautiful tablecloth for six dollars. Hecarried the cloth back to the church and put it up on the wall. It completely hid the 2_!Just before noon of Christmas Eve, the pastor noticed a woman standing in the cold at the bus stop. “The 3 _wont be here for 40 min

54、utes!” he called, and he invited her into the church to get 4_ .She told him that she had come from the city to be interviewed for ajob as governess to the children of one wealthy family in town but she had been turned down.The woman saw the tablecloth and rose suddenly. The pastor smiled and starte

55、d to tell her about the storm 5_, but she didntseem to 6_“It is mine!” she said. “My husband had the cloth made 7_ for mc !She explained that she and her husband decided to go separately in the War II. They planned that he would 8_ her. But she never saw him again. Later she heard that he had died.

56、The pastor tried to 9_ her, advising her to take the cloth with her. She 10_ . Then she went away.On Christmas Eve, after the service in church, one middle-aged manthe local clock-and-watch repairmanlooked rather 11_.It is strange，”he said in his soft accent.“ Many years ago, my wife and I owned suc

57、h a cloth.The pastor suddenly became very 12_ . He told him about the woman who had been in church 13_ in the day.Together the two got in touch with the 14_ who had interviewed her. And this man and his wife -who had been separated through so many saddened 15_were reunited.1、Ahad Battended Cheld Dto

58、ok2、Awall Bchurch Chole Dtable3、Aboss Bcompany Ctrain Dbus4、Awarm Bready Ccool Dcalm5、Adamage Bstory Cfact Dtruth6、Awork Bbelieve Clisten Dunderstand7、Acarefully Battentively Cfinally Despecially8、Ajoin Bwrite Cbring Dleave9、Aamuse Bcomfort Cplease Dhelp10、Acried Baccepted Crefused Dcontinued11、Apuz

59、z led Bdelighted Cdetermined Ddisappionted12、Asad Bshocked Chopeful Dexcited13、Alater Bearlier Cwarmer Dcolder14、Awoman Bmanager Chusband Dfamily15、Aweeks Bcountries CChristmases Dcenturies第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27（15分）Take a tour of Monkey ParkSituated between Jerusalem a

60、nd the coastal city of Tel Aviv, Israels Monkey Park is home1more than two hundred and fifty different species of monkeys.Considered one of the countrys most popular animal2(attract), Monkey Park offers a unique experience while3(educate)the public about these lovely creatures. It4(run)by the Israel