初中英語閱讀理解題的解題技巧課件

1、初中英語閱讀理解題的解題技巧 2022/9/30初中英語閱讀理解題的解題技巧 2022/9/27考點(diǎn)分析歸納：主旨大意細(xì)節(jié)理解猜測(cè)詞義推理判斷考點(diǎn)分析歸納：主旨大意 提問方式： 1）問標(biāo)題 What is the main topic of the passage？ The best title for the passage is _. 2）問中心 The first paragraph is mainly about the _ The passage is mostly about_ 3） 問目的；態(tài)度 The author wants to tell _ The purpose of

2、this article is to _初中英語閱讀理解題的解題技巧容易選錯(cuò)的干擾項(xiàng):以偏概全夸大主題把觀點(diǎn)強(qiáng)加給作者容易選錯(cuò)的干擾項(xiàng):以偏概全解題策略找主題句。主題句是歸納文章中心的句子，它的出現(xiàn)有三種情況：解題策略找主題句。主題句是歸納文章中心的句子，它的出現(xiàn)有三種 主題句在文章開頭，其后的句子則是論證性細(xì)節(jié)。 新聞報(bào)道、說明文、議論文常用此方式。1. 在開頭。1. 在開頭。 Good morning. The program today is about music. The word “music” comes from the Greek word “muse”. The Muses

3、 are the goddesses of the arts. Music is only one of the arts. It is like the spoken language,but is uses sounds. Todays program brings together music from different corners of the world. Who invented music？ Who sang the first song？ No one knows exactly the answers to these questions. But we know th

4、at music plays an important part in almost everyones life. Babies and young children love to hear people singing to them. When they are a little older, they like to sing the songs they have heard. When children go to school,their world of music grows. In the middle grades students take music lessons

5、. When they reach high school,they become interested in listening to pop music. 文章開頭就說明今天的節(jié)目是關(guān)于音樂的，其后的句子都是圍繞介紹音樂的。從音樂的起源，形式，作用到全世界的受人喜愛音樂，進(jìn)行逐一說明。Babies and young children love文章最后一句“In fact,the true love is not built on friendship,loyalty or blood relationship.Instead,itis based on no relationship.真

6、正的愛不以友誼、忠誠抑或是血緣關(guān)系為前提，事實(shí)上，真正的愛，是無條件的博愛?！?就是在前面故事的基礎(chǔ)上的總結(jié)與概括，即文章的主旨。2. 在結(jié)尾。 2. 在結(jié)尾。3. 在中間。通常是文章的開頭提出問題，陳述細(xì)節(jié)，導(dǎo)出主題句，然后再進(jìn)一步用細(xì)節(jié)說明支持主題句。如：3. 在中間。通常是文章的開頭提出問題，陳述細(xì)節(jié)，導(dǎo)出主題句 Nothing is as useful as a flashlight on a dark night if a tire goes flat. Few inventions are so helpful to a child who is afraid of the dar

7、k. In fact, the modern flashlight brings light to many dark situations. Finding something in the back of a closet is easy with a flashlight in hand . A camper also needs one after the light of the campfire has been out._ _ Nothing is as useful as a f 有些文章或段落無明顯的主題句, 只是暗示性地體現(xiàn)主題. 這就要求考生在閱讀過程中根據(jù)文中所敘述的事

8、實(shí) 或提供的線索來概括總結(jié)主旨大意。 有些文章或段落無明顯的主題句, 只是暗示性地體現(xiàn)二 細(xì)節(jié)理解題本類試題主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)閱讀材料中的某一特定細(xì)節(jié)或文章的主要事實(shí)的理解能力。問題包括詢問人(who)、物(what)、時(shí)間(when)、地點(diǎn)(where)、原因(cause)、結(jié)果(effect)、文中的數(shù)據(jù)(data)等。新聞、說明文、廣告信息等常?？疾檫@些細(xì)節(jié)。二 細(xì)節(jié)理解題解題策略： 1）對(duì)應(yīng)性 2）準(zhǔn)確性 3）區(qū)分性解題策略： 1）對(duì)應(yīng)性 2）準(zhǔn)確性 3）區(qū)分性三 詞義猜測(cè)題單詞的猜測(cè)能力是閱讀理解能力的主要組成部分，是考查對(duì)文中關(guān)鍵詞語的理解。而且，所考查的詞或短語的意義往往不停留在字面

9、上，要根據(jù)文中語境來判斷。三 詞義猜測(cè)題單詞的猜測(cè)能力是閱讀理解能力的主要組成部分，是設(shè)題方式： The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means _The word “” most likely means _.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word_.初中英語閱讀理解題的解題技巧解題策略: 閱讀中碰到生詞時(shí)不要著急，耐心地讀下去，文章會(huì)幫助你猜出生詞詞義。此外，我們也可以通過構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)分析生詞詞義，或通過上下文,同義詞，反義詞，生活常識(shí)等猜測(cè)，尤其是本句話以及前后

10、兩句話，給生詞假設(shè)意思，看是否讀的通。還可以聯(lián)想，即回想已知詞匯中是否存在拼寫方法與該生詞類似的詞。解題策略: 閱讀中碰到生詞時(shí)不要著急，耐心地讀根據(jù)定義或解釋猜測(cè)詞義技巧 1 A calendar is a list of the days ,weeks, months of a particular year.calendar 日歷The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650yuan a year.herdsman 牧人根據(jù)定義或解釋猜測(cè)詞義技巧 1 A calendar is 根據(jù)對(duì)比確定詞義技巧 2Our maths pro

11、fessor claims that all the problems he gives us are simple ones，however，we feel that they are intricate and hard to solveIntricate 復(fù)雜的根據(jù)對(duì)比確定詞義技巧 2Our maths profes技巧 3 根據(jù)同義詞的替代關(guān)系猜詞義In the ancient city of Rome , we visited every mansion , church, battle site, theatre and other public halls.mansion 建筑物

12、或場(chǎng)所技巧 3 根據(jù)同義詞的替代關(guān)系猜詞根據(jù)反義猜詞技巧 4 Twelve-year-old Sally was an active girl. But her sister was quite sedate. sedate 安靜的根據(jù)反義猜詞技巧 4 Twelve-year-old Sal根據(jù)上下文情景確定詞義技巧 5 All his attempts to unlock the door was futile, because he was using the wrong key.futile 徒勞的根據(jù)上下文情景確定詞義技巧 5 All his attemp根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法猜測(cè)詞義技巧 7 H

13、e has renamed the restaurant “Paradise”. rename 重新起名，改名根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法猜測(cè)詞義技巧 7He has renamed th根據(jù)因果關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義技巧 8 You shouldnt have blamed him for that，for it wasnt his fault.blame 責(zé)備根據(jù)因果關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義技巧 8You shouldnt ha四 推理判斷題 推理判斷題著重考查學(xué)生的邏輯思維能力，即要求學(xué)生根據(jù)文章的邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行推理判斷。此類題目難度大，設(shè)計(jì)面廣，如人物的性格、心理、故事的結(jié)局、寓意、文章的出處、體裁，作者的傾向、態(tài)度等。其題目

14、設(shè)計(jì)的方式一般有： 四 推理判斷題 推理判斷題著重考查It can be inferred from the text that _.From the text we know that _.With which of the following does the author agree？ Which of the following might happened later ?The passage is probably taken from a _ .提問方式：提問方式：容易選錯(cuò)的干擾項(xiàng)：選項(xiàng)中意思雖然與原文相符，但是只是涉及一些細(xì)枝末節(jié)，不符合題干。選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容與原文無關(guān), 或者是對(duì)文章內(nèi)容作了張冠李戴的處理。選項(xiàng)是對(duì)原文內(nèi)容的簡單重復(fù)，不是推理得出的結(jié)論。選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容純屬主觀臆斷得出的結(jié)論，文章根本沒有提及。容易選錯(cuò)的干擾項(xiàng)：選項(xiàng)中意思雖然與原文相符，但是只是涉及一些解題策略：做這類題目時(shí)，大家必須透過文章的字面意思，領(lǐng)悟隱含在字里行間的內(nèi)涵，體會(huì)作者的言外之意、弦外之音。找